Traditional data-driven fault diagnosis methods depend on expert experience to manually extract effective fault features of signals,which has certain limitations.Conversely,deep learning techniques have gained promine...Traditional data-driven fault diagnosis methods depend on expert experience to manually extract effective fault features of signals,which has certain limitations.Conversely,deep learning techniques have gained prominence as a central focus of research in the field of fault diagnosis by strong fault feature extraction ability and end-to-end fault diagnosis efficiency.Recently,utilizing the respective advantages of convolution neural network(CNN)and Transformer in local and global feature extraction,research on cooperating the two have demonstrated promise in the field of fault diagnosis.However,the cross-channel convolution mechanism in CNN and the self-attention calculations in Transformer contribute to excessive complexity in the cooperative model.This complexity results in high computational costs and limited industrial applicability.To tackle the above challenges,this paper proposes a lightweight CNN-Transformer named as SEFormer for rotating machinery fault diagnosis.First,a separable multiscale depthwise convolution block is designed to extract and integrate multiscale feature information from different channel dimensions of vibration signals.Then,an efficient self-attention block is developed to capture critical fine-grained features of the signal from a global perspective.Finally,experimental results on the planetary gearbox dataset and themotor roller bearing dataset prove that the proposed framework can balance the advantages of robustness,generalization and lightweight compared to recent state-of-the-art fault diagnosis models based on CNN and Transformer.This study presents a feasible strategy for developing a lightweight rotating machinery fault diagnosis framework aimed at economical deployment.展开更多
Since chemical processes are highly non-linear and multiscale,it is vital to deeply mine the multiscale coupling relationships embedded in the massive process data for the prediction and anomaly tracing of crucial pro...Since chemical processes are highly non-linear and multiscale,it is vital to deeply mine the multiscale coupling relationships embedded in the massive process data for the prediction and anomaly tracing of crucial process parameters and production indicators.While the integrated method of adaptive signal decomposition combined with time series models could effectively predict process variables,it does have limitations in capturing the high-frequency detail of the operation state when applied to complex chemical processes.In light of this,a novel Multiscale Multi-radius Multi-step Convolutional Neural Network(Msrt Net)is proposed for mining spatiotemporal multiscale information.First,the industrial data from the Fluid Catalytic Cracking(FCC)process decomposition using Complete Ensemble Empirical Mode Decomposition with Adaptive Noise(CEEMDAN)extract the multi-energy scale information of the feature subset.Then,convolution kernels with varying stride and padding structures are established to decouple the long-period operation process information encapsulated within the multi-energy scale data.Finally,a reconciliation network is trained to reconstruct the multiscale prediction results and obtain the final output.Msrt Net is initially assessed for its capability to untangle the spatiotemporal multiscale relationships among variables in the Tennessee Eastman Process(TEP).Subsequently,the performance of Msrt Net is evaluated in predicting product yield for a 2.80×10^(6) t/a FCC unit,taking diesel and gasoline yield as examples.In conclusion,Msrt Net can decouple and effectively extract spatiotemporal multiscale information from chemical process data and achieve a approximately reduction of 30%in prediction error compared to other time-series models.Furthermore,its robustness and transferability underscore its promising potential for broader applications.展开更多
Objective In tongue diagnosis,the location,color,and distribution of spots can be used to speculate on the viscera and severity of the heat evil.This work focuses on the image analysis method of artificial intelligenc...Objective In tongue diagnosis,the location,color,and distribution of spots can be used to speculate on the viscera and severity of the heat evil.This work focuses on the image analysis method of artificial intelligence(AI)to study the spotted tongue recognition of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM).Methods A model of spotted tongue recognition and extraction is designed,which is based on the principle of image deep learning and instance segmentation.This model includes multiscale feature map generation,region proposal searching,and target region recognition.Firstly,deep convolution network is used to build multiscale low-and high-abstraction feature maps after which,target candidate box generation algorithm and selection strategy are used to select high-quality target candidate regions.Finally,classification network is used for classifying target regions and calculating target region pixels.As a result,the region segmentation of spotted tongue is obtained.Under non-standard illumination conditions,various tongue images were taken by mobile phones,and experiments were conducted.Results The spotted tongue recognition achieved an area under curve(AUC)of 92.40%,an accuracy of 84.30%with a sensitivity of 88.20%,a specificity of 94.19%,a recall of 88.20%,a regional pixel accuracy index pixel accuracy(PA)of 73.00%,a mean pixel accuracy(m PA)of73.00%,an intersection over union(Io U)of 60.00%,and a mean intersection over union(mIo U)of 56.00%.Conclusion The results of the study verify that the model is suitable for the application of the TCM tongue diagnosis system.Spotted tongue recognition via multiscale convolutional neural network(CNN)would help to improve spot classification and the accurate extraction of pixels of spot area as well as provide a practical method for intelligent tongue diagnosis of TCM.展开更多
The classification of infrasound events has considerable importance in improving the capability to identify the types of natural disasters.The traditional infrasound classification mainly relies on machine learning al...The classification of infrasound events has considerable importance in improving the capability to identify the types of natural disasters.The traditional infrasound classification mainly relies on machine learning algorithms after artificial feature extraction.However,guaranteeing the effectiveness of the extracted features is difficult.The current trend focuses on using a convolution neural network to automatically extract features for classification.This method can be used to extract signal spatial features automatically through a convolution kernel;however,infrasound signals contain not only spatial information but also temporal information when used as a time series.These extracted temporal features are also crucial.If only a convolution neural network is used,then the time dependence of the infrasound sequence will be missed.Using long short-term memory networks can compensate for the missing time-series features but induces spatial feature information loss of the infrasound signal.A multiscale squeeze excitation–convolution neural network–bidirectional long short-term memory network infrasound event classification fusion model is proposed in this study to address these problems.This model automatically extracted temporal and spatial features,adaptively selected features,and also realized the fusion of the two types of features.Experimental results showed that the classification accuracy of the model was more than 98%,thus verifying the effectiveness and superiority of the proposed model.展开更多
Automatic pavement crack detection plays an important role in ensuring road safety.In images of cracks,information about the cracks can be conveyed through high-frequency and low-fre-quency signals that focus on fine ...Automatic pavement crack detection plays an important role in ensuring road safety.In images of cracks,information about the cracks can be conveyed through high-frequency and low-fre-quency signals that focus on fine details and global structures,respectively.The output features obtained from different convolutional layers can be combined to represent information about both high-frequency and low-frequency signals.In this paper,we propose an encoder-decoder framework called octave hierarchical network(Octave-H),which is based on the U-Network(U-Net)architec-ture and utilizes an octave convolutional neural network and a hierarchical feature learning module for performing crack detection.The proposed octave convolution is capable of extracting multi-fre-quency feature maps,capturing both fine details and global cracks.We propose a hierarchical feature learning module that merges multi-frequency-scale feature maps with different levels(high and low)of octave convolutional layers.To verify the superiority of the proposed Octave-H,we employed the CrackForest dataset(CFD)and AigleRN databases to evaluate this method.The experimental results demonstrate that Octave-H outperforms other algorithms with satisfactory performance.展开更多
A novel convolutional neural network based on spatial pyramid for image classification is proposed.The network exploits image features with spatial pyramid representation.First,it extracts global features from an orig...A novel convolutional neural network based on spatial pyramid for image classification is proposed.The network exploits image features with spatial pyramid representation.First,it extracts global features from an original image,and then different layers of grids are utilized to extract feature maps from different convolutional layers.Inspired by the spatial pyramid,the new network contains two parts,one of which is just like a standard convolutional neural network,composing of alternating convolutions and subsampling layers.But those convolution layers would be averagely pooled by the grid way to obtain feature maps,and then concatenated into a feature vector individually.Finally,those vectors are sequentially concatenated into a total feature vector as the last feature to the fully connection layer.This generated feature vector derives benefits from the classic and previous convolution layer,while the size of the grid adjusting the weight of the feature maps improves the recognition efficiency of the network.Experimental results demonstrate that this model improves the accuracy and applicability compared with the traditional model.展开更多
Faced with the massive amount of online shopping clothing images,how to classify them quickly and accurately is a challenging task in image classification.In this paper,we propose a novel method,named Multi_XMNet,to s...Faced with the massive amount of online shopping clothing images,how to classify them quickly and accurately is a challenging task in image classification.In this paper,we propose a novel method,named Multi_XMNet,to solve the clothing images classification problem.The proposed method mainly consists of two convolution neural network(CNN)branches.One branch extracts multiscale features from the whole expressional image by Multi_X which is designed by improving the Xception network,while the other extracts attention mechanism features from the whole expressional image by MobileNetV3-small network.Both multiscale and attention mechanism features are aggregated before making classification.Additionally,in the training stage,global average pooling(GAP),convolutional layers,and softmax classifiers are used instead of the fully connected layer to classify the final features,which speed up model training and alleviate the problem of overfitting caused by too many parameters.Experimental comparisons are made in the public DeepFashion dataset.The experimental results show that the classification accuracy of this method is 95.38%,which is better than InceptionV3,Xception and InceptionV3_Xception by 5.58%,3.32%,and 2.22%,respectively.The proposed Multi_XMNet image classification model can help enterprises and researchers in the field of clothing e-commerce to automaticly,efficiently and accurately classify massive clothing images.展开更多
There is instability in the distributed energy storage cloud group end region on the power grid side.In order to avoid large-scale fluctuating charging and discharging in the power grid environment and make the capaci...There is instability in the distributed energy storage cloud group end region on the power grid side.In order to avoid large-scale fluctuating charging and discharging in the power grid environment and make the capacitor components showa continuous and stable charging and discharging state,a hierarchical time-sharing configuration algorithm of distributed energy storage cloud group end region on the power grid side based on multi-scale and multi feature convolution neural network is proposed.Firstly,a voltage stability analysis model based onmulti-scale and multi feature convolution neural network is constructed,and the multi-scale and multi feature convolution neural network is optimized based on Self-OrganizingMaps(SOM)algorithm to analyze the voltage stability of the cloud group end region of distributed energy storage on the grid side under the framework of credibility.According to the optimal scheduling objectives and network size,the distributed robust optimal configuration control model is solved under the framework of coordinated optimal scheduling at multiple time scales;Finally,the time series characteristics of regional power grid load and distributed generation are analyzed.According to the regional hierarchical time-sharing configuration model of“cloud”,“group”and“end”layer,the grid side distributed energy storage cloud group end regional hierarchical time-sharing configuration algorithm is realized.The experimental results show that after applying this algorithm,the best grid side distributed energy storage configuration scheme can be determined,and the stability of grid side distributed energy storage cloud group end region layered timesharing configuration can be improved.展开更多
Semantic segmentation is for pixel-level classification tasks,and contextual information has an important impact on the performance of segmentation.In order to capture richer contextual information,we adopt ResNet as ...Semantic segmentation is for pixel-level classification tasks,and contextual information has an important impact on the performance of segmentation.In order to capture richer contextual information,we adopt ResNet as the backbone network and designs an encoder-decoder architecture based on multidimensional attention(MDA)module and multiscale upsampling(MSU)module.The MDA module calculates the attention matrices of the three dimensions to capture the dependency of each position,and adaptively captures the image features.The MSU module adopts parallel branches to capture the multiscale features of the images,and multiscale feature aggregation can enhance contextual information.A series of experiments demonstrate the validity of the model on Cityscapes and Camvid datasets.展开更多
针对人工目视排查大型旋转过滤设备网片缺陷时存在的效率低下,缺陷与背景之间边界模糊及网孔中的小水珠产生反光现象等问题,提出了一个基于多维特征融合的高效网片缺陷检测算法。引入了泊松图像增强技术,实现了缺陷目标与正常背景区域...针对人工目视排查大型旋转过滤设备网片缺陷时存在的效率低下,缺陷与背景之间边界模糊及网孔中的小水珠产生反光现象等问题,提出了一个基于多维特征融合的高效网片缺陷检测算法。引入了泊松图像增强技术,实现了缺陷目标与正常背景区域的平滑融合,增加了小样本缺陷数量的同时解决了缺陷数量分布不均匀的问题。在YOLOv8中融入轻量多维卷积改进的C2fLWDC(C2flightweight multi-dimensional convolution)模块及加权多特征增强模块,既增强了网络对缺陷特征的提取又实现了各级特征的高效融合,提升了对多尺度缺陷样本的表征能力。采用EIOU(efficient intersection over union)定位损失函数,加速了对缺陷目标的准确定位。网片数据集检测结果表明,改进后的算法mAP(mean average precision)达到92%,相较于原始模型提升了16.8个百分点,能很好地完成缺陷目标的检测任务。展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.52277055).
文摘Traditional data-driven fault diagnosis methods depend on expert experience to manually extract effective fault features of signals,which has certain limitations.Conversely,deep learning techniques have gained prominence as a central focus of research in the field of fault diagnosis by strong fault feature extraction ability and end-to-end fault diagnosis efficiency.Recently,utilizing the respective advantages of convolution neural network(CNN)and Transformer in local and global feature extraction,research on cooperating the two have demonstrated promise in the field of fault diagnosis.However,the cross-channel convolution mechanism in CNN and the self-attention calculations in Transformer contribute to excessive complexity in the cooperative model.This complexity results in high computational costs and limited industrial applicability.To tackle the above challenges,this paper proposes a lightweight CNN-Transformer named as SEFormer for rotating machinery fault diagnosis.First,a separable multiscale depthwise convolution block is designed to extract and integrate multiscale feature information from different channel dimensions of vibration signals.Then,an efficient self-attention block is developed to capture critical fine-grained features of the signal from a global perspective.Finally,experimental results on the planetary gearbox dataset and themotor roller bearing dataset prove that the proposed framework can balance the advantages of robustness,generalization and lightweight compared to recent state-of-the-art fault diagnosis models based on CNN and Transformer.This study presents a feasible strategy for developing a lightweight rotating machinery fault diagnosis framework aimed at economical deployment.
文摘Since chemical processes are highly non-linear and multiscale,it is vital to deeply mine the multiscale coupling relationships embedded in the massive process data for the prediction and anomaly tracing of crucial process parameters and production indicators.While the integrated method of adaptive signal decomposition combined with time series models could effectively predict process variables,it does have limitations in capturing the high-frequency detail of the operation state when applied to complex chemical processes.In light of this,a novel Multiscale Multi-radius Multi-step Convolutional Neural Network(Msrt Net)is proposed for mining spatiotemporal multiscale information.First,the industrial data from the Fluid Catalytic Cracking(FCC)process decomposition using Complete Ensemble Empirical Mode Decomposition with Adaptive Noise(CEEMDAN)extract the multi-energy scale information of the feature subset.Then,convolution kernels with varying stride and padding structures are established to decouple the long-period operation process information encapsulated within the multi-energy scale data.Finally,a reconciliation network is trained to reconstruct the multiscale prediction results and obtain the final output.Msrt Net is initially assessed for its capability to untangle the spatiotemporal multiscale relationships among variables in the Tennessee Eastman Process(TEP).Subsequently,the performance of Msrt Net is evaluated in predicting product yield for a 2.80×10^(6) t/a FCC unit,taking diesel and gasoline yield as examples.In conclusion,Msrt Net can decouple and effectively extract spatiotemporal multiscale information from chemical process data and achieve a approximately reduction of 30%in prediction error compared to other time-series models.Furthermore,its robustness and transferability underscore its promising potential for broader applications.
基金Anhui Province College Natural Science Fund Key Project of China(KJ2020ZD77)the Project of Education Department of Anhui Province(KJ2020A0379)。
文摘Objective In tongue diagnosis,the location,color,and distribution of spots can be used to speculate on the viscera and severity of the heat evil.This work focuses on the image analysis method of artificial intelligence(AI)to study the spotted tongue recognition of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM).Methods A model of spotted tongue recognition and extraction is designed,which is based on the principle of image deep learning and instance segmentation.This model includes multiscale feature map generation,region proposal searching,and target region recognition.Firstly,deep convolution network is used to build multiscale low-and high-abstraction feature maps after which,target candidate box generation algorithm and selection strategy are used to select high-quality target candidate regions.Finally,classification network is used for classifying target regions and calculating target region pixels.As a result,the region segmentation of spotted tongue is obtained.Under non-standard illumination conditions,various tongue images were taken by mobile phones,and experiments were conducted.Results The spotted tongue recognition achieved an area under curve(AUC)of 92.40%,an accuracy of 84.30%with a sensitivity of 88.20%,a specificity of 94.19%,a recall of 88.20%,a regional pixel accuracy index pixel accuracy(PA)of 73.00%,a mean pixel accuracy(m PA)of73.00%,an intersection over union(Io U)of 60.00%,and a mean intersection over union(mIo U)of 56.00%.Conclusion The results of the study verify that the model is suitable for the application of the TCM tongue diagnosis system.Spotted tongue recognition via multiscale convolutional neural network(CNN)would help to improve spot classification and the accurate extraction of pixels of spot area as well as provide a practical method for intelligent tongue diagnosis of TCM.
基金supported by the Shaanxi Province Natural Science Basic Research Plan Project(2023-JC-YB-244).
文摘The classification of infrasound events has considerable importance in improving the capability to identify the types of natural disasters.The traditional infrasound classification mainly relies on machine learning algorithms after artificial feature extraction.However,guaranteeing the effectiveness of the extracted features is difficult.The current trend focuses on using a convolution neural network to automatically extract features for classification.This method can be used to extract signal spatial features automatically through a convolution kernel;however,infrasound signals contain not only spatial information but also temporal information when used as a time series.These extracted temporal features are also crucial.If only a convolution neural network is used,then the time dependence of the infrasound sequence will be missed.Using long short-term memory networks can compensate for the missing time-series features but induces spatial feature information loss of the infrasound signal.A multiscale squeeze excitation–convolution neural network–bidirectional long short-term memory network infrasound event classification fusion model is proposed in this study to address these problems.This model automatically extracted temporal and spatial features,adaptively selected features,and also realized the fusion of the two types of features.Experimental results showed that the classification accuracy of the model was more than 98%,thus verifying the effectiveness and superiority of the proposed model.
基金supported in part by the National Natural Foundation of China(No.62176147)。
文摘Automatic pavement crack detection plays an important role in ensuring road safety.In images of cracks,information about the cracks can be conveyed through high-frequency and low-fre-quency signals that focus on fine details and global structures,respectively.The output features obtained from different convolutional layers can be combined to represent information about both high-frequency and low-frequency signals.In this paper,we propose an encoder-decoder framework called octave hierarchical network(Octave-H),which is based on the U-Network(U-Net)architec-ture and utilizes an octave convolutional neural network and a hierarchical feature learning module for performing crack detection.The proposed octave convolution is capable of extracting multi-fre-quency feature maps,capturing both fine details and global cracks.We propose a hierarchical feature learning module that merges multi-frequency-scale feature maps with different levels(high and low)of octave convolutional layers.To verify the superiority of the proposed Octave-H,we employed the CrackForest dataset(CFD)and AigleRN databases to evaluate this method.The experimental results demonstrate that Octave-H outperforms other algorithms with satisfactory performance.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(61601176)the Science and Technology Foundation of Hubei Provincial Department of Education(Q20161405)
文摘A novel convolutional neural network based on spatial pyramid for image classification is proposed.The network exploits image features with spatial pyramid representation.First,it extracts global features from an original image,and then different layers of grids are utilized to extract feature maps from different convolutional layers.Inspired by the spatial pyramid,the new network contains two parts,one of which is just like a standard convolutional neural network,composing of alternating convolutions and subsampling layers.But those convolution layers would be averagely pooled by the grid way to obtain feature maps,and then concatenated into a feature vector individually.Finally,those vectors are sequentially concatenated into a total feature vector as the last feature to the fully connection layer.This generated feature vector derives benefits from the classic and previous convolution layer,while the size of the grid adjusting the weight of the feature maps improves the recognition efficiency of the network.Experimental results demonstrate that this model improves the accuracy and applicability compared with the traditional model.
基金Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities of Ministry of Education of China(No.19D111201)。
文摘Faced with the massive amount of online shopping clothing images,how to classify them quickly and accurately is a challenging task in image classification.In this paper,we propose a novel method,named Multi_XMNet,to solve the clothing images classification problem.The proposed method mainly consists of two convolution neural network(CNN)branches.One branch extracts multiscale features from the whole expressional image by Multi_X which is designed by improving the Xception network,while the other extracts attention mechanism features from the whole expressional image by MobileNetV3-small network.Both multiscale and attention mechanism features are aggregated before making classification.Additionally,in the training stage,global average pooling(GAP),convolutional layers,and softmax classifiers are used instead of the fully connected layer to classify the final features,which speed up model training and alleviate the problem of overfitting caused by too many parameters.Experimental comparisons are made in the public DeepFashion dataset.The experimental results show that the classification accuracy of this method is 95.38%,which is better than InceptionV3,Xception and InceptionV3_Xception by 5.58%,3.32%,and 2.22%,respectively.The proposed Multi_XMNet image classification model can help enterprises and researchers in the field of clothing e-commerce to automaticly,efficiently and accurately classify massive clothing images.
基金supported by State Grid Corporation Limited Science and Technology Project Funding(Contract No.SGCQSQ00YJJS2200380).
文摘There is instability in the distributed energy storage cloud group end region on the power grid side.In order to avoid large-scale fluctuating charging and discharging in the power grid environment and make the capacitor components showa continuous and stable charging and discharging state,a hierarchical time-sharing configuration algorithm of distributed energy storage cloud group end region on the power grid side based on multi-scale and multi feature convolution neural network is proposed.Firstly,a voltage stability analysis model based onmulti-scale and multi feature convolution neural network is constructed,and the multi-scale and multi feature convolution neural network is optimized based on Self-OrganizingMaps(SOM)algorithm to analyze the voltage stability of the cloud group end region of distributed energy storage on the grid side under the framework of credibility.According to the optimal scheduling objectives and network size,the distributed robust optimal configuration control model is solved under the framework of coordinated optimal scheduling at multiple time scales;Finally,the time series characteristics of regional power grid load and distributed generation are analyzed.According to the regional hierarchical time-sharing configuration model of“cloud”,“group”and“end”layer,the grid side distributed energy storage cloud group end regional hierarchical time-sharing configuration algorithm is realized.The experimental results show that after applying this algorithm,the best grid side distributed energy storage configuration scheme can be determined,and the stability of grid side distributed energy storage cloud group end region layered timesharing configuration can be improved.
基金Fundamental Research Fund in Heilongjiang Provincial Universities(Nos.135409602,135409102)。
文摘Semantic segmentation is for pixel-level classification tasks,and contextual information has an important impact on the performance of segmentation.In order to capture richer contextual information,we adopt ResNet as the backbone network and designs an encoder-decoder architecture based on multidimensional attention(MDA)module and multiscale upsampling(MSU)module.The MDA module calculates the attention matrices of the three dimensions to capture the dependency of each position,and adaptively captures the image features.The MSU module adopts parallel branches to capture the multiscale features of the images,and multiscale feature aggregation can enhance contextual information.A series of experiments demonstrate the validity of the model on Cityscapes and Camvid datasets.
文摘针对人工目视排查大型旋转过滤设备网片缺陷时存在的效率低下,缺陷与背景之间边界模糊及网孔中的小水珠产生反光现象等问题,提出了一个基于多维特征融合的高效网片缺陷检测算法。引入了泊松图像增强技术,实现了缺陷目标与正常背景区域的平滑融合,增加了小样本缺陷数量的同时解决了缺陷数量分布不均匀的问题。在YOLOv8中融入轻量多维卷积改进的C2fLWDC(C2flightweight multi-dimensional convolution)模块及加权多特征增强模块,既增强了网络对缺陷特征的提取又实现了各级特征的高效融合,提升了对多尺度缺陷样本的表征能力。采用EIOU(efficient intersection over union)定位损失函数,加速了对缺陷目标的准确定位。网片数据集检测结果表明,改进后的算法mAP(mean average precision)达到92%,相较于原始模型提升了16.8个百分点,能很好地完成缺陷目标的检测任务。
