The wheel-rail adhesion control for regenerative braking systems of high speed electric multiple unit trains is crucial to maintaining the stability,improving the adhesion utilization,and achieving deep energy recover...The wheel-rail adhesion control for regenerative braking systems of high speed electric multiple unit trains is crucial to maintaining the stability,improving the adhesion utilization,and achieving deep energy recovery.There remain technical challenges mainly because of the nonlinear,uncertain,and varying features of wheel-rail contact conditions.This research analyzes the torque transmitting behavior during regenerative braking,and proposes a novel methodology to detect the wheel-rail adhesion stability.Then,applications to the wheel slip prevention during braking are investigated,and the optimal slip ratio control scheme is proposed,which is based on a novel optimal reference generation of the slip ratio and a robust sliding mode control.The proposed methodology achieves the optimal braking performancewithoutthewheel-railcontactinformation.Numerical simulation results for uncertain slippery rails verify the effectiveness of the proposed methodology.展开更多
The study was based on an experiment comprised of 40 children, aged 5 to 6, to study the influence of short-term multiple intelligences training on children’s music appreciation ability. The experiment included a tes...The study was based on an experiment comprised of 40 children, aged 5 to 6, to study the influence of short-term multiple intelligences training on children’s music appreciation ability. The experiment included a test composed of 20 melodies, all of which were adapted from a baseline melody but with variations in the pitch and rhythm. Subjects were asked to discriminate (not identify) whether the pitch and rhythm of the 20 melodies were the same as the baseline melody. Their scores were then calculated according to their answers. The experiment showed that after training, the experiment group achieved slightly higher scores than the control group in terms of rhythm discrimination. The experiment group exhibited no improvement concerning pitch discrimination after intelligence training. The study showed that the 10-week multiple intelligence training did not greatly improve children’s music appreciation ability, especially in terms of pitch discrimination.展开更多
This paper introduces the high-speed electrical multiple unit （EMO） life cycle, including the design, manufacturing, testing, and maintenance stages. It also presents the train control and monitoring system （TCMS）...This paper introduces the high-speed electrical multiple unit （EMO） life cycle, including the design, manufacturing, testing, and maintenance stages. It also presents the train control and monitoring system （TCMS） software development platform, the TCMS testing and verification bench, the EMU driving simulation platform, and the EMU remote data transmittal and maintenance platform. All these platforms and benches combined together make up the EMU life cycle cost （LCC） system. Each platform facilitates EMU LCC management and is an important part of the system.展开更多
This paPer addresses the issue of building a case-based preliminary design system by using Hopfield networks. one limitation of Hopfield networks is that it cannot be tralned, i.e. the weights between two neurons must...This paPer addresses the issue of building a case-based preliminary design system by using Hopfield networks. one limitation of Hopfield networks is that it cannot be tralned, i.e. the weights between two neurons must be set in advance. A pattern stored in Hopfield networks cannot be recalled if the pattern is not a local minimum.Two concepts are proposed to deal with this problem. They are the multiple training encoding method and the puppet encoding method. The multiple training encoding method, which guarantees to recall a single stored pattern under appropriate initial conditions of data, is theoretica-lly analyzed, and the minimal number of times for using a pattern for training to guarantee recalling of the pattern among a set of patterns is derived. The puppet encoding method is proved to be able to guarantee recalling of all stored patterns if attaching puppet data to the stored patterns is available.An integrated software PDS (Prelindnary Design System), which is developed from two aspects, is described. One is from a case-based expert system-CPDS (Case-based Prelindnary Design System), which is based on the algorithm of the Hopfield and developed for uncertain problems in PDS; the other is RPDS (Rule-based Preliminary Design System), which attacks logic or deduced problems in PDS. Based on the results of CPDS, RPDS can search for feasible solutioll in design model. CPDS is demonstrated to be useful in the domains of preliminary designs of cable-stayed bridges in this paper.展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant 51305437)Guangdong Innovative Research Team Program of China(Grant201001D0104648280)
文摘The wheel-rail adhesion control for regenerative braking systems of high speed electric multiple unit trains is crucial to maintaining the stability,improving the adhesion utilization,and achieving deep energy recovery.There remain technical challenges mainly because of the nonlinear,uncertain,and varying features of wheel-rail contact conditions.This research analyzes the torque transmitting behavior during regenerative braking,and proposes a novel methodology to detect the wheel-rail adhesion stability.Then,applications to the wheel slip prevention during braking are investigated,and the optimal slip ratio control scheme is proposed,which is based on a novel optimal reference generation of the slip ratio and a robust sliding mode control.The proposed methodology achieves the optimal braking performancewithoutthewheel-railcontactinformation.Numerical simulation results for uncertain slippery rails verify the effectiveness of the proposed methodology.
文摘The study was based on an experiment comprised of 40 children, aged 5 to 6, to study the influence of short-term multiple intelligences training on children’s music appreciation ability. The experiment included a test composed of 20 melodies, all of which were adapted from a baseline melody but with variations in the pitch and rhythm. Subjects were asked to discriminate (not identify) whether the pitch and rhythm of the 20 melodies were the same as the baseline melody. Their scores were then calculated according to their answers. The experiment showed that after training, the experiment group achieved slightly higher scores than the control group in terms of rhythm discrimination. The experiment group exhibited no improvement concerning pitch discrimination after intelligence training. The study showed that the 10-week multiple intelligence training did not greatly improve children’s music appreciation ability, especially in terms of pitch discrimination.
文摘This paper introduces the high-speed electrical multiple unit （EMO） life cycle, including the design, manufacturing, testing, and maintenance stages. It also presents the train control and monitoring system （TCMS） software development platform, the TCMS testing and verification bench, the EMU driving simulation platform, and the EMU remote data transmittal and maintenance platform. All these platforms and benches combined together make up the EMU life cycle cost （LCC） system. Each platform facilitates EMU LCC management and is an important part of the system.
文摘This paPer addresses the issue of building a case-based preliminary design system by using Hopfield networks. one limitation of Hopfield networks is that it cannot be tralned, i.e. the weights between two neurons must be set in advance. A pattern stored in Hopfield networks cannot be recalled if the pattern is not a local minimum.Two concepts are proposed to deal with this problem. They are the multiple training encoding method and the puppet encoding method. The multiple training encoding method, which guarantees to recall a single stored pattern under appropriate initial conditions of data, is theoretica-lly analyzed, and the minimal number of times for using a pattern for training to guarantee recalling of the pattern among a set of patterns is derived. The puppet encoding method is proved to be able to guarantee recalling of all stored patterns if attaching puppet data to the stored patterns is available.An integrated software PDS (Prelindnary Design System), which is developed from two aspects, is described. One is from a case-based expert system-CPDS (Case-based Prelindnary Design System), which is based on the algorithm of the Hopfield and developed for uncertain problems in PDS; the other is RPDS (Rule-based Preliminary Design System), which attacks logic or deduced problems in PDS. Based on the results of CPDS, RPDS can search for feasible solutioll in design model. CPDS is demonstrated to be useful in the domains of preliminary designs of cable-stayed bridges in this paper.
