BACKGROUND The accurate prediction of lymph node metastasis(LNM)is crucial for managing locally advanced(T3/T4)colorectal cancer(CRC).However,both traditional histopathology and standard slide-level deep learning ofte...BACKGROUND The accurate prediction of lymph node metastasis(LNM)is crucial for managing locally advanced(T3/T4)colorectal cancer(CRC).However,both traditional histopathology and standard slide-level deep learning often fail to capture the sparse and diagnostically critical features of metastatic potential.AIM To develop and validate a case-level multiple-instance learning(MIL)framework mimicking a pathologist's comprehensive review and improve T3/T4 CRC LNM prediction.METHODS The whole-slide images of 130 patients with T3/T4 CRC were retrospectively collected.A case-level MIL framework utilising the CONCH v1.5 and UNI2-h deep learning models was trained on features from all haematoxylin and eosinstained primary tumour slides for each patient.These pathological features were subsequently integrated with clinical data,and model performance was evaluated using the area under the curve(AUC).RESULTS The case-level framework demonstrated superior LNM prediction over slide-level training,with the CONCH v1.5 model achieving a mean AUC(±SD)of 0.899±0.033 vs 0.814±0.083,respectively.Integrating pathology features with clinical data further enhanced performance,yielding a top model with a mean AUC of 0.904±0.047,in sharp contrast to a clinical-only model(mean AUC 0.584±0.084).Crucially,a pathologist’s review confirmed that the model-identified high-attention regions correspond to known high-risk histopathological features.CONCLUSION A case-level MIL framework provides a superior approach for predicting LNM in advanced CRC.This method shows promise for risk stratification and therapy decisions,requiring further validation.展开更多
A hybrid feature selection and classification strategy was proposed based on the simulated annealing genetic algonthrn and multiple instance learning （MIL）. The band selection method was proposed from subspace decom...A hybrid feature selection and classification strategy was proposed based on the simulated annealing genetic algonthrn and multiple instance learning （MIL）. The band selection method was proposed from subspace decomposition, which combines the simulated annealing algorithm with the genetic algorithm in choosing different cross-over and mutation probabilities, as well as mutation individuals. Then MIL was combined with image segmentation, clustering and support vector machine algorithms to classify hyperspectral image. The experimental results show that this proposed method can get high classification accuracy of 93.13% at small training samples and the weaknesses of the conventional methods are overcome.展开更多
Osteoporosis is a systemic disease characterized by low bone mass,impaired bone microstruc-ture,increased bone fragility,and a higher risk of fractures.It commonly affects postmenopausal women and the elderly.Orthopan...Osteoporosis is a systemic disease characterized by low bone mass,impaired bone microstruc-ture,increased bone fragility,and a higher risk of fractures.It commonly affects postmenopausal women and the elderly.Orthopantomography,also known as panoramic radiography,is a widely used imaging technique in dental examinations due to its low cost and easy accessibility.Previous studies have shown that the mandibular cortical index(MCI)derived from orthopantomography can serve as an important indicator of osteoporosis risk.To address this,this study proposes a parallel Transformer network based on multiple instance learning.By introducing parallel modules that alleviate optimization issues and integrating multiple-instance learning with the Transformer architecture,our model effectively extracts information from image patches.Our model achieves an accuracy of 86%and an AUC score of 0.963 on an osteoporosis dataset,which demonstrates its promising and competitive performance.展开更多
基金Supported by Chongqing Medical Scientific Research Project(Joint Project of Chongqing Health Commission and Science and Technology Bureau),No.2023MSXM060.
文摘BACKGROUND The accurate prediction of lymph node metastasis(LNM)is crucial for managing locally advanced(T3/T4)colorectal cancer(CRC).However,both traditional histopathology and standard slide-level deep learning often fail to capture the sparse and diagnostically critical features of metastatic potential.AIM To develop and validate a case-level multiple-instance learning(MIL)framework mimicking a pathologist's comprehensive review and improve T3/T4 CRC LNM prediction.METHODS The whole-slide images of 130 patients with T3/T4 CRC were retrospectively collected.A case-level MIL framework utilising the CONCH v1.5 and UNI2-h deep learning models was trained on features from all haematoxylin and eosinstained primary tumour slides for each patient.These pathological features were subsequently integrated with clinical data,and model performance was evaluated using the area under the curve(AUC).RESULTS The case-level framework demonstrated superior LNM prediction over slide-level training,with the CONCH v1.5 model achieving a mean AUC(±SD)of 0.899±0.033 vs 0.814±0.083,respectively.Integrating pathology features with clinical data further enhanced performance,yielding a top model with a mean AUC of 0.904±0.047,in sharp contrast to a clinical-only model(mean AUC 0.584±0.084).Crucially,a pathologist’s review confirmed that the model-identified high-attention regions correspond to known high-risk histopathological features.CONCLUSION A case-level MIL framework provides a superior approach for predicting LNM in advanced CRC.This method shows promise for risk stratification and therapy decisions,requiring further validation.
文摘A hybrid feature selection and classification strategy was proposed based on the simulated annealing genetic algonthrn and multiple instance learning （MIL）. The band selection method was proposed from subspace decomposition, which combines the simulated annealing algorithm with the genetic algorithm in choosing different cross-over and mutation probabilities, as well as mutation individuals. Then MIL was combined with image segmentation, clustering and support vector machine algorithms to classify hyperspectral image. The experimental results show that this proposed method can get high classification accuracy of 93.13% at small training samples and the weaknesses of the conventional methods are overcome.
文摘Osteoporosis is a systemic disease characterized by low bone mass,impaired bone microstruc-ture,increased bone fragility,and a higher risk of fractures.It commonly affects postmenopausal women and the elderly.Orthopantomography,also known as panoramic radiography,is a widely used imaging technique in dental examinations due to its low cost and easy accessibility.Previous studies have shown that the mandibular cortical index(MCI)derived from orthopantomography can serve as an important indicator of osteoporosis risk.To address this,this study proposes a parallel Transformer network based on multiple instance learning.By introducing parallel modules that alleviate optimization issues and integrating multiple-instance learning with the Transformer architecture,our model effectively extracts information from image patches.Our model achieves an accuracy of 86%and an AUC score of 0.963 on an osteoporosis dataset,which demonstrates its promising and competitive performance.
