The study presents a comprehensive coupled thermo-bio-chemo-hydraulic(T-BCH)modeling framework for stabilizing soils using microbially induced calcite precipitation(MICP).The numerical model considers relevant multiph...The study presents a comprehensive coupled thermo-bio-chemo-hydraulic(T-BCH)modeling framework for stabilizing soils using microbially induced calcite precipitation(MICP).The numerical model considers relevant multiphysics involved in MICP,such as bacterial ureolytic activities,biochemical reactions,multiphase and multicomponent transport,and alteration of the porosity and permeability.The model incorporates multiphysical coupling effects through well-established constitutive relations that connect parameters and variables from different physical fields.It was implemented in the open-source finite element code OpenGeoSys(OGS),and a semi-staggered solution strategy was designed to solve the couplings,allowing for flexible model settings.Therefore,the developed model can be easily adapted to simulate MICP applications in different scenarios.The numerical model was employed to analyze the effect of various factors,including temperature,injection strategies,and application scales.Besides,a TBCH modeling study was conducted on the laboratory-scale domain to analyze the effects of temperature on urease activity and precipitated calcium carbonate.To understand the scale dependency of MICP treatment,a large-scale heterogeneous domain was subjected to variable biochemical injection strategies.The simulations conducted at the field-scale guided the selection of an injection strategy to achieve the desired type and amount of precipitation.Additionally,the study emphasized the potential of numerical models as reliable tools for optimizing future developments in field-scale MICP treatment.The present study demonstrates the potential of this numerical framework for designing and optimizing the MICP applications in laboratory-,prototype-,and field-scale scenarios.展开更多
Erosion-corrosion(EC)-induced damage is a primary contributor to premature failures in hydraulic transport structures involving sudden changes in flow patterns,especially the hydraulic pipeline(tee,reducer,pipe bend,e...Erosion-corrosion(EC)-induced damage is a primary contributor to premature failures in hydraulic transport structures involving sudden changes in flow patterns,especially the hydraulic pipeline(tee,reducer,pipe bend,etc.),pumps,and valves.A comprehensive exploration of EC behavior of steels subjected to high tensile stress was provided,as most engineering structures are operated under high stress.The stress-accelerated erosion(SAE)and stress-accelerated corrosion(SAC)behaviors of highly stressed steel and their synergistic effect were mainly focused.SAE,SAC,and their synergistic mechanisms,existing debate,and possible reasons,as well as available analytic models with their advantages and limitations,are thoroughly discussed.The multiphysics simulation methods for modeling EC interactions with both static and cyclic stresses are also summarized,and EC mitigation strategies,especially the bionics-based strategies,were also summarized in detail.展开更多
The increasing integration of small-scale structures in engineering,particularly in Micro-Electro-Mechanical Systems(MEMS),necessitates advanced modeling approaches to accurately capture their complex mechanical behav...The increasing integration of small-scale structures in engineering,particularly in Micro-Electro-Mechanical Systems(MEMS),necessitates advanced modeling approaches to accurately capture their complex mechanical behavior.Classical continuum theories are inadequate at micro-and nanoscales,particularly concerning size effects,singularities,and phenomena like strain softening or phase transitions.This limitation follows from their lack of intrinsic length scale parameters,crucial for representingmicrostructural features.Theoretical and experimental findings emphasize the critical role of these parameters on small scales.This review thoroughly examines various strain gradient elasticity(SGE)theories commonly employed in literature to capture these size-dependent effects on the elastic response.Given the complexity arising from numerous SGE frameworks available in the literature,including first-and second-order gradient theories,we conduct a comprehensive and comparative analysis of common SGE models.This analysis highlights their unique physical interpretations and compares their effectiveness in modeling the size-dependent behavior of low-dimensional structures.A brief discussion on estimating additional material constants,such as intrinsic length scales,is also included to improve the practical relevance of SGE.Following this theoretical treatment,the review covers analytical and numerical methods for solving the associated higher-order governing differential equations.Finally,we present a detailed overview of strain gradient applications in multiscale andmultiphysics response of solids.Interesting research on exploring the relevance of SGE for reduced-order modeling of complex macrostructures,a universal multiphysics coupling in low-dimensional structures without being restricted to limited material symmetries(as in the case of microstructures),is also presented here for interested readers.Finally,we briefly discuss alternative nonlocal elasticity approaches(integral and integro-differential)for incorporating size effects,and conclude with some potential areas for future research on strain gradients.This review aims to provide a clear understanding of strain gradient theories and their broad applicability beyond classical elasticity.展开更多
基金support from the OpenGeoSys communitypartially funded by the Prime Minister Research Fellowship,Ministry of Education,Government of India with the project number SB21221901CEPMRF008347.
文摘The study presents a comprehensive coupled thermo-bio-chemo-hydraulic(T-BCH)modeling framework for stabilizing soils using microbially induced calcite precipitation(MICP).The numerical model considers relevant multiphysics involved in MICP,such as bacterial ureolytic activities,biochemical reactions,multiphase and multicomponent transport,and alteration of the porosity and permeability.The model incorporates multiphysical coupling effects through well-established constitutive relations that connect parameters and variables from different physical fields.It was implemented in the open-source finite element code OpenGeoSys(OGS),and a semi-staggered solution strategy was designed to solve the couplings,allowing for flexible model settings.Therefore,the developed model can be easily adapted to simulate MICP applications in different scenarios.The numerical model was employed to analyze the effect of various factors,including temperature,injection strategies,and application scales.Besides,a TBCH modeling study was conducted on the laboratory-scale domain to analyze the effects of temperature on urease activity and precipitated calcium carbonate.To understand the scale dependency of MICP treatment,a large-scale heterogeneous domain was subjected to variable biochemical injection strategies.The simulations conducted at the field-scale guided the selection of an injection strategy to achieve the desired type and amount of precipitation.Additionally,the study emphasized the potential of numerical models as reliable tools for optimizing future developments in field-scale MICP treatment.The present study demonstrates the potential of this numerical framework for designing and optimizing the MICP applications in laboratory-,prototype-,and field-scale scenarios.
基金This project was supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.52301339 and U2005216)the Natural Science Foundation of Fujian Province(Nos.2021J05004 and 2020J01010)+1 种基金State Key Laboratory of Hydraulic Engineering Intelligent Construction and Operation opening Fund(HESS-2402)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(20720240038).
文摘Erosion-corrosion(EC)-induced damage is a primary contributor to premature failures in hydraulic transport structures involving sudden changes in flow patterns,especially the hydraulic pipeline(tee,reducer,pipe bend,etc.),pumps,and valves.A comprehensive exploration of EC behavior of steels subjected to high tensile stress was provided,as most engineering structures are operated under high stress.The stress-accelerated erosion(SAE)and stress-accelerated corrosion(SAC)behaviors of highly stressed steel and their synergistic effect were mainly focused.SAE,SAC,and their synergistic mechanisms,existing debate,and possible reasons,as well as available analytic models with their advantages and limitations,are thoroughly discussed.The multiphysics simulation methods for modeling EC interactions with both static and cyclic stresses are also summarized,and EC mitigation strategies,especially the bionics-based strategies,were also summarized in detail.
基金support from the Anusandhan National Research Foundation(ANRF),erstwhile Science and Engineering Research Board(SERB),India,under the startup research grant program(SRG/2022/000566).
文摘The increasing integration of small-scale structures in engineering,particularly in Micro-Electro-Mechanical Systems(MEMS),necessitates advanced modeling approaches to accurately capture their complex mechanical behavior.Classical continuum theories are inadequate at micro-and nanoscales,particularly concerning size effects,singularities,and phenomena like strain softening or phase transitions.This limitation follows from their lack of intrinsic length scale parameters,crucial for representingmicrostructural features.Theoretical and experimental findings emphasize the critical role of these parameters on small scales.This review thoroughly examines various strain gradient elasticity(SGE)theories commonly employed in literature to capture these size-dependent effects on the elastic response.Given the complexity arising from numerous SGE frameworks available in the literature,including first-and second-order gradient theories,we conduct a comprehensive and comparative analysis of common SGE models.This analysis highlights their unique physical interpretations and compares their effectiveness in modeling the size-dependent behavior of low-dimensional structures.A brief discussion on estimating additional material constants,such as intrinsic length scales,is also included to improve the practical relevance of SGE.Following this theoretical treatment,the review covers analytical and numerical methods for solving the associated higher-order governing differential equations.Finally,we present a detailed overview of strain gradient applications in multiscale andmultiphysics response of solids.Interesting research on exploring the relevance of SGE for reduced-order modeling of complex macrostructures,a universal multiphysics coupling in low-dimensional structures without being restricted to limited material symmetries(as in the case of microstructures),is also presented here for interested readers.Finally,we briefly discuss alternative nonlocal elasticity approaches(integral and integro-differential)for incorporating size effects,and conclude with some potential areas for future research on strain gradients.This review aims to provide a clear understanding of strain gradient theories and their broad applicability beyond classical elasticity.
