Beyond-5G(B5G)aims to meet the growing demands of mobile traffic and expand the communication space.Considering that intelligent applications to B5G wireless communications will involve security issues regarding user ...Beyond-5G(B5G)aims to meet the growing demands of mobile traffic and expand the communication space.Considering that intelligent applications to B5G wireless communications will involve security issues regarding user data and operational data,this paper analyzes the maximum capacity of the multi-watermarking method for multimedia signal hiding as a means of alleviating the information security problem of B5G.The multiwatermarking process employs spread transform dither modulation.During the watermarking procedure,Gram-Schmidt orthogonalization is used to obtain the multiple spreading vectors.Consequently,multiple watermarks can be simultaneously embedded into the same position of a multimedia signal.Moreover,the multiple watermarks can be extracted without affecting one another during the extraction process.We analyze the effect of the size of the spreading vector on the unit maximum capacity,and consequently derive the theoretical relationship between the size of the spreading vector and the unit maximum capacity.A number of experiments are conducted to determine the optimal parameter values for maximum robustness on the premise of high capacity and good imperceptibility.展开更多
Image watermarking is a powerful tool for media protection and can provide promising results when combined with other defense mechanisms.Image watermarking can be used to protect the copyright of digital media by embe...Image watermarking is a powerful tool for media protection and can provide promising results when combined with other defense mechanisms.Image watermarking can be used to protect the copyright of digital media by embedding a unique identifier that identifies the owner of the content.Image watermarking can also be used to verify the authenticity of digital media,such as images or videos,by ascertaining the watermark information.In this paper,a mathematical chaos-based image watermarking technique is proposed using discrete wavelet transform(DWT),chaotic map,and Laplacian operator.The DWT can be used to decompose the image into its frequency components,chaos is used to provide extra security defense by encrypting the watermark signal,and the Laplacian operator with optimization is applied to the mid-frequency bands to find the sharp areas in the image.These mid-frequency bands are used to embed the watermarks by modifying the coefficients in these bands.The mid-sub-band maintains the invisible property of the watermark,and chaos combined with the second-order derivative Laplacian is vulnerable to attacks.Comprehensive experiments demonstrate that this approach is effective for common signal processing attacks,i.e.,compression,noise addition,and filtering.Moreover,this approach also maintains image quality through peak signal-to-noise ratio(PSNR)and structural similarity index metrics(SSIM).The highest achieved PSNR and SSIM values are 55.4 dB and 1.In the same way,normalized correlation(NC)values are almost 10%–20%higher than comparative research.These results support assistance in copyright protection in multimedia content.展开更多
With the fast development of multimedia social platforms,content dissemination on social media platforms is becomingmore popular.Social image sharing can also raise privacy concerns.Image encryption can protect social...With the fast development of multimedia social platforms,content dissemination on social media platforms is becomingmore popular.Social image sharing can also raise privacy concerns.Image encryption can protect social images.However,most existing image protection methods cannot be applied to multimedia social platforms because of encryption in the spatial domain.In this work,the authors propose a secure social image-sharing method with watermarking/fingerprinting and encryption.First,the fingerprint code with a hierarchical community structure is designed based on social network analysis.Then,discrete wavelet transform(DWT)from block discrete cosine transform(DCT)directly is employed.After that,all codeword segments are embedded into the LL,LH,and HL subbands,respectively.The selected subbands are confused based on Game of Life(GoL),and then all subbands are diffused with singular value decomposition(SVD).Experimental results and security analysis demonstrate the security,invisibility,and robustness of our method.Further,the superiority of the technique is elaborated through comparison with some related image security algorithms.The solution not only performs the fast transformation from block DCT to one-level DWT but also protects users’privacy in multimedia social platforms.With the proposed method,JPEG image secure sharing in multimedia social platforms can be ensured.展开更多
Image forging is the alteration of a digital image to conceal some of the necessary or helpful information.It cannot be easy to distinguish themodified region fromthe original image in somecircumstances.The demand for...Image forging is the alteration of a digital image to conceal some of the necessary or helpful information.It cannot be easy to distinguish themodified region fromthe original image in somecircumstances.The demand for authenticity and the integrity of the image drive the detection of a fabricated image.There have been cases of ownership infringements or fraudulent actions by counterfeiting multimedia files,including re-sampling or copy-moving.This work presents a high-level view of the forensics of digital images and their possible detection approaches.This work presents a thorough analysis of digital image forgery detection techniques with their steps and effectiveness.These methods have identified forgery and its type and compared it with state of the art.This work will help us to find the best forgery detection technique based on the different environments.It also shows the current issues in other methods,which can help researchers find future scope for further research in this field.展开更多
In the era of internet proliferation,safeguarding digital media copyright and integrity,especially for images,is imperative.Digital watermarking stands out as a pivotal solution for image security.With the advent of d...In the era of internet proliferation,safeguarding digital media copyright and integrity,especially for images,is imperative.Digital watermarking stands out as a pivotal solution for image security.With the advent of deep learning,watermarking has seen significant advancements.Our review focuses on the innovative deep watermarking approaches that employ neural networks to identify robust embedding spaces,resilient to various attacks.These methods,characterized by a streamlined encoder-decoder architecture,have shown enhanced performance through the incorporation of novel training modules.This article offers an in-depth analysis of deep watermarking’s core technologies,current status,and prospective trajectories,evaluating recent scholarly contributions across diverse frameworks.It concludes with an overview of the technical hurdles and prospects,providing essential insights for ongoing and future research endeavors in digital image watermarking.展开更多
Watermariding system is a complex system requiring both expertise and specialized techniques with security concems.Thus to relieve the multimedia manufactures of the complexities of desgning complicated watermarking s...Watermariding system is a complex system requiring both expertise and specialized techniques with security concems.Thus to relieve the multimedia manufactures of the complexities of desgning complicated watermarking systems,this paper presents a new watermarking model in which watermaiking is provided as a kind of service by the specialized watermarking companies.In order to make this service model work,a simple permutation scheme to hide the true contents is proposed.The paper also proves the security of the scheme against the attacks from the watermarking companies.Finally ,the effectiveness of the scheme is demonstrated through experiments.展开更多
This paper proposes a video watermarking technology to hide copyright information by a slight modification of the motion vector in MPEG-2 video bitstream. In this method, the watermark is embedded in the motion residu...This paper proposes a video watermarking technology to hide copyright information by a slight modification of the motion vector in MPEG-2 video bitstream. In this method, the watermark is embedded in the motion residual of the large value motion vector, then the motion residual is regularized into a modified bitstream, from which the watermark information can be retrieved easily and exactly. From the experimental results, this technology has the advantage of little influence on the MPEG decoding speed, degrading the perceptive effect little, and the capability to embed watermark in a short video sequence, and can be used to watermark directly on the compressed and uncompressed video sequence.展开更多
This paper presents a new spatial steganography model for covert communications over voice over internet protocol(Vo IP), providing a solution to the issue of increasing the capacity of covert Vo IP channels without c...This paper presents a new spatial steganography model for covert communications over voice over internet protocol(Vo IP), providing a solution to the issue of increasing the capacity of covert Vo IP channels without compromising the imperceptibility of the channels. Drawing from Orthogonal Modulation Theory in communications, the model introduced two concepts, orthogonal data hiding features and data hiding vectors, to covert Vo IP communications. By taking into account the variation characteristics of Vo IP audio streams in the time domain, a hiding vector negotiation mechanism was suggested to achieve dynamic self-adaptive steganography in media streams. Experimental results on Vo IP steganography show that the proposed steganographic method effectively depicted the spatial and temporal characteristics of Vo IP audio streams, and enhanced robustness against detection of steganalysis tools, thereby improving the security of covert Vo IP communications.展开更多
基金funded by The National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant(No.62273108,62306081)The Youth Project of Guangdong Artificial Intelligence and Digital Economy Laboratory(Guangzhou)(PZL2022KF0006)+3 种基金The National Key Research and Development Program of China(2022YFB3604502)Special Fund Project of GuangzhouScience and Technology Innovation Development(202201011307)Guangdong Province Industrial Internet Identity Analysis and Construction Guidance Fund Secondary Node Project(1746312)Special Projects in Key Fields of General Colleges and Universities in Guangdong Province(2021ZDZX1016).
文摘Beyond-5G(B5G)aims to meet the growing demands of mobile traffic and expand the communication space.Considering that intelligent applications to B5G wireless communications will involve security issues regarding user data and operational data,this paper analyzes the maximum capacity of the multi-watermarking method for multimedia signal hiding as a means of alleviating the information security problem of B5G.The multiwatermarking process employs spread transform dither modulation.During the watermarking procedure,Gram-Schmidt orthogonalization is used to obtain the multiple spreading vectors.Consequently,multiple watermarks can be simultaneously embedded into the same position of a multimedia signal.Moreover,the multiple watermarks can be extracted without affecting one another during the extraction process.We analyze the effect of the size of the spreading vector on the unit maximum capacity,and consequently derive the theoretical relationship between the size of the spreading vector and the unit maximum capacity.A number of experiments are conducted to determine the optimal parameter values for maximum robustness on the premise of high capacity and good imperceptibility.
基金supported by the researcher supporting Project number(RSPD2025R636),King Saud University,Riyadh,Saudi Arabia.
文摘Image watermarking is a powerful tool for media protection and can provide promising results when combined with other defense mechanisms.Image watermarking can be used to protect the copyright of digital media by embedding a unique identifier that identifies the owner of the content.Image watermarking can also be used to verify the authenticity of digital media,such as images or videos,by ascertaining the watermark information.In this paper,a mathematical chaos-based image watermarking technique is proposed using discrete wavelet transform(DWT),chaotic map,and Laplacian operator.The DWT can be used to decompose the image into its frequency components,chaos is used to provide extra security defense by encrypting the watermark signal,and the Laplacian operator with optimization is applied to the mid-frequency bands to find the sharp areas in the image.These mid-frequency bands are used to embed the watermarks by modifying the coefficients in these bands.The mid-sub-band maintains the invisible property of the watermark,and chaos combined with the second-order derivative Laplacian is vulnerable to attacks.Comprehensive experiments demonstrate that this approach is effective for common signal processing attacks,i.e.,compression,noise addition,and filtering.Moreover,this approach also maintains image quality through peak signal-to-noise ratio(PSNR)and structural similarity index metrics(SSIM).The highest achieved PSNR and SSIM values are 55.4 dB and 1.In the same way,normalized correlation(NC)values are almost 10%–20%higher than comparative research.These results support assistance in copyright protection in multimedia content.
基金funded by NSFC Grants 61502154,61972136,the NSF of Hubei Province(2023AFB004,2024AFB544)Hubei Provincial Department of Education Project(No.Q20232206)Project of Hubei University of Economics(No.T201410).
文摘With the fast development of multimedia social platforms,content dissemination on social media platforms is becomingmore popular.Social image sharing can also raise privacy concerns.Image encryption can protect social images.However,most existing image protection methods cannot be applied to multimedia social platforms because of encryption in the spatial domain.In this work,the authors propose a secure social image-sharing method with watermarking/fingerprinting and encryption.First,the fingerprint code with a hierarchical community structure is designed based on social network analysis.Then,discrete wavelet transform(DWT)from block discrete cosine transform(DCT)directly is employed.After that,all codeword segments are embedded into the LL,LH,and HL subbands,respectively.The selected subbands are confused based on Game of Life(GoL),and then all subbands are diffused with singular value decomposition(SVD).Experimental results and security analysis demonstrate the security,invisibility,and robustness of our method.Further,the superiority of the technique is elaborated through comparison with some related image security algorithms.The solution not only performs the fast transformation from block DCT to one-level DWT but also protects users’privacy in multimedia social platforms.With the proposed method,JPEG image secure sharing in multimedia social platforms can be ensured.
文摘Image forging is the alteration of a digital image to conceal some of the necessary or helpful information.It cannot be easy to distinguish themodified region fromthe original image in somecircumstances.The demand for authenticity and the integrity of the image drive the detection of a fabricated image.There have been cases of ownership infringements or fraudulent actions by counterfeiting multimedia files,including re-sampling or copy-moving.This work presents a high-level view of the forensics of digital images and their possible detection approaches.This work presents a thorough analysis of digital image forgery detection techniques with their steps and effectiveness.These methods have identified forgery and its type and compared it with state of the art.This work will help us to find the best forgery detection technique based on the different environments.It also shows the current issues in other methods,which can help researchers find future scope for further research in this field.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.62072465,62102425)the Science and Technology Innovation Program of Hunan Province(Nos.2022RC3061,2023RC3027).
文摘In the era of internet proliferation,safeguarding digital media copyright and integrity,especially for images,is imperative.Digital watermarking stands out as a pivotal solution for image security.With the advent of deep learning,watermarking has seen significant advancements.Our review focuses on the innovative deep watermarking approaches that employ neural networks to identify robust embedding spaces,resilient to various attacks.These methods,characterized by a streamlined encoder-decoder architecture,have shown enhanced performance through the incorporation of novel training modules.This article offers an in-depth analysis of deep watermarking’s core technologies,current status,and prospective trajectories,evaluating recent scholarly contributions across diverse frameworks.It concludes with an overview of the technical hurdles and prospects,providing essential insights for ongoing and future research endeavors in digital image watermarking.
基金the National Research Fund for the Doctoral Programof Higher Education of China under Grant No.20020248024
文摘Watermariding system is a complex system requiring both expertise and specialized techniques with security concems.Thus to relieve the multimedia manufactures of the complexities of desgning complicated watermarking systems,this paper presents a new watermarking model in which watermaiking is provided as a kind of service by the specialized watermarking companies.In order to make this service model work,a simple permutation scheme to hide the true contents is proposed.The paper also proves the security of the scheme against the attacks from the watermarking companies.Finally ,the effectiveness of the scheme is demonstrated through experiments.
文摘This paper proposes a video watermarking technology to hide copyright information by a slight modification of the motion vector in MPEG-2 video bitstream. In this method, the watermark is embedded in the motion residual of the large value motion vector, then the motion residual is regularized into a modified bitstream, from which the watermark information can be retrieved easily and exactly. From the experimental results, this technology has the advantage of little influence on the MPEG decoding speed, degrading the perceptive effect little, and the capability to embed watermark in a short video sequence, and can be used to watermark directly on the compressed and uncompressed video sequence.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.61271392U1405254&61272469)the British Government(Grant No.ktp008263)
文摘This paper presents a new spatial steganography model for covert communications over voice over internet protocol(Vo IP), providing a solution to the issue of increasing the capacity of covert Vo IP channels without compromising the imperceptibility of the channels. Drawing from Orthogonal Modulation Theory in communications, the model introduced two concepts, orthogonal data hiding features and data hiding vectors, to covert Vo IP communications. By taking into account the variation characteristics of Vo IP audio streams in the time domain, a hiding vector negotiation mechanism was suggested to achieve dynamic self-adaptive steganography in media streams. Experimental results on Vo IP steganography show that the proposed steganographic method effectively depicted the spatial and temporal characteristics of Vo IP audio streams, and enhanced robustness against detection of steganalysis tools, thereby improving the security of covert Vo IP communications.
