The demand for flexible electric heating devices has increased due to technology advancement and improved living standards.These devices have various applications including personal thermal management,hyperthermia,def...The demand for flexible electric heating devices has increased due to technology advancement and improved living standards.These devices have various applications including personal thermal management,hyperthermia,defrosting,agricultural heating film,and oil-water separation.Joule heat,generated by electric currents,is commonly used in electrical appliances.To incorporate Joule heating into flexible electronics,new materials with excellent mechanical properties are necessary.Traditional polymers,used as reinforcements,limit the continuity of conductive networks in composites.Therefore,there is a need to develop flexible Joule thermal composite materials with enhanced mechanical strength and conductivity.Cellulose,a widely available renewable resource,is attracting attention for its excellent mechanical properties.It can be used as a dispersant and reinforcing agent for conductive fillers in cellulose-based composites,creating highly conductive networks.Various forms of cellulose,such as wood,nanocellulose,pulp fiber,bacterial cellulose,cellulose paper,textile clothing,and aramid fiber,have been utilized to achieve high-performance Joule thermal composites.Researchers have achieved excellent mechanical properties and developed efficient electric heating devices by designing cellulose-based composites with different structures.The scalable production methods enable large-scale application of cellulose-based devices,each with unique advantages in 1D,2D,and 3D structures.This review summarizes recent advancements in cellulose-based Joule thermal composites,providing insights into different structural devices,and discussing prospects and challenges in the field.展开更多
Objectives:Schizophrenia is a profoundly stigmatized mental health condition,characterized by misconceptions that affect societal attitudes,policy development,and the lived experiences of individuals with the conditio...Objectives:Schizophrenia is a profoundly stigmatized mental health condition,characterized by misconceptions that affect societal attitudes,policy development,and the lived experiences of individuals with the condition.This study aimed to develop and validate a multidimensional scale for assessing societal stigma towards schizophrenia,while exploring how demographic factors influence such attitudes.Methods:Drawing on an extensive literature review and consultations,the study identified five domains of stigma:Workplace Capability,Intimate Relationships,Autonomy,Risk Perception,and Recovery.Using a two-phase methodology,a preliminary 38-itemscale was administered to 729 participants from the general Spanish population,refining the measure through descriptive and exploratory factor analysis.Subsequently,a revised 34-item scale was validated through confirmatory factor analysis with an independent sample of 417 participants.Results:The final model showed good fit(RMSEA=0.056,CFI=0.938,TLI=0.933)and strong internal consistency(α=0.73–0.86).Findings revealed that stigma was most pronounced in the domain of Autonomy(Mean=2.83,SD=0.91),reflecting pervasive doubts about individuals’ability to live independently and achieve meaningful integration into society.Stigma varied significantly across demographic variables,with higher levels reported among men,older individuals,married participants,and those outside health professions(p<0.01).Conversely,healthcare professionals,younger individuals,and those familiar with someone with schizophrenia generally reported less stigma(p<0.01).Conclusion:This study developed and validated a robust multidimensional scale for assessing societal stigma toward schizophrenia.The five-factor model—Workplace Capability,Intimate Relationships,Autonomy,Risk Perception,and Recovery—was empirically supported.Autonomy and Recovery emerged as themost stigmatized domains across the Spanish general population.The scale demonstrated strong psychometric properties and effectively captured stigma patterns linked to key sociodemographic variables.展开更多
BACKGROUND Post-endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography(ERCP)pancreatitis is a common complication of the procedure.The effective prevention of post-ERCP pancreatitis(PEP)remains a key focus of clinical researc...BACKGROUND Post-endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography(ERCP)pancreatitis is a common complication of the procedure.The effective prevention of post-ERCP pancreatitis(PEP)remains a key focus of clinical research.AIM To develop a prediction model for PEP based on multidimensional clinical indicators and evaluate its clinical application value.METHODS We retrospectively analyzed 183 patients with biliary tract diseases who underwent ERCP at Xuzhou Medical University from January 2020 to June 2023,divided into non-PEP(n=159)and PEP(n=24)groups based on PEP development.Baseline and intraoperative data were compared,and PEP-related factors examined via univariate and multivariate logistic regression.Using R,70%of patients were assigned to training and 30%to testing sets for PEP prediction model development.Model accuracy was evaluated using a calibration curve and receiver operating characteristic(ROC)area under the curve(AUC).RESULTS Age,total cholesterol level,history of pancreatitis,pancreatic ductography,bleeding,and intubation time differed significantly between the two groups when baseline data and intraoperative conditions were compared(P<0.05).Multifactorial logistic regression analysis demonstrated that age[odds ratio(OR)=0.192,95%confidence interval(CI):0.053-0.698],total cholesterol(OR=0.324,95%CI:0.152-0.694),history of pancreatitis(OR=6.159,95%CI:1.770-21.434),pancreatography(OR=3.726,95%CI:1.028-13.507),and bleeding(OR=3.059,95%CI:1.001-9.349)were independently associated with acute pancreatitis after ERCP.The predictive probabilities from the calibration curves had mean errors of 0.021 and 0.030,with ROC AUCs of 0.840 and 0.797 in the training and test sets,respectively.CONCLUSION Age,total cholesterol,pancreatitis history,pancreatic ductography,and bleeding influence the risk of acute PEP.A model incorporating these factors may aid early detection and intervention.展开更多
The study of plant diversity is often hindered by the challenge of integrating data from different sources and different data types.A standardized data system would facilitate detailed exploration of plant distributio...The study of plant diversity is often hindered by the challenge of integrating data from different sources and different data types.A standardized data system would facilitate detailed exploration of plant distribution patterns and dynamics for botanists,ecologists,conservation biologists,and biogeographers.This study proposes a gridded vector data integration method,combining grid-based techniques with vectorization to integrate diverse data types from multiple sources into grids of the same scale.Here we demonstrate the methodology by creating a comprehensive 1°×1°database of western China that includes plant distribution information and environmental factor data.This approach addresses the need for a standardized data system to facilitate exploration of plant distribution patterns and dynamic changes in the region.展开更多
Spectral and polarization information are crucial for characterizing the composition and surface morphology of various materials.However,traditional spectral and polarization detection systems are hampered by bulky,si...Spectral and polarization information are crucial for characterizing the composition and surface morphology of various materials.However,traditional spectral and polarization detection systems are hampered by bulky,single-function optical components and complex configurations,hindering the portable,low-cost,and multifunctional applications in compact,field-deployable devices.In this study,we introduce a miniaturized near-infrared(NIR)spectro-polarimetric detection device utilizing a group of meta-spectro-polarimeters(MSPs),which support quasi-bound states in the continuum(QBIC)under specific incident polarization,significantly reducing the spatial footprint and improving the design scalability.By precisely adjusting the high quality resonances and polarization sensitive radiation behavior of MSPs,we not only extend the number of spectral waveband to 20 that greatly surpassing traditional division-of-amplitude or division-of-time schemes,but also ensure an average spectral resolution power(SRP,λ/Δλ)of 71.03.We achieve high accuracy multidimensional spectro-polarization detection,resulting in the angle of linear polarization(AoLP)with an average error of 4.67°and precise spectrum reconstruction in a machine-learning free way,avoiding the huge computational power and energy during the training process.Additionally,we demonstrate the high spectro-polarimetric imaging performance of our system in different experimental scene.Such multidimensional detection device holds great promise for adoption in fields like aerospace,chemical detection,machine vision,and so on.展开更多
As multi-discipline coupling and components interference often affect the aircraft configuration decision-making and analysis during conceptual design process, this article presents an approach of multidimensional gam...As multi-discipline coupling and components interference often affect the aircraft configuration decision-making and analysis during conceptual design process, this article presents an approach of multidimensional game theory based on aircraft compo- nents to deal with this problem. The idea is that the configuration decision-making process is regarded as the game for different disciplines and technologies, and the aircraft components are players. The payoff function with highest total gain means that ac- cording to the game protocols and multidimensional theory, the optimal aircraft configuration within the strategy set will be cho- sen. The decision-making model is applied to conceptual design process of the high altitude long endurance （HALE） unmanned aerial vehicle （UAV） based on the assessment of technological risk. The obtained optimum configuration is quite consistent with the current HALE UAV development trends. Thus, taking into account the coupling and interference factors, the multidimensional gaming model based on aircraft components will be an effective analysis method in the decision-making process of aircraft optimum configuration.展开更多
A multiplexer with a low-distortion high-bandwidth analog switch is presented. The gate-to-source voltage of the switch is set by the combined on-voltage of a pMOS and an nMOS,and the difference between its gate-sourc...A multiplexer with a low-distortion high-bandwidth analog switch is presented. The gate-to-source voltage of the switch is set by the combined on-voltage of a pMOS and an nMOS,and the difference between its gate-source voltage and the threshold voltage （VGST） is guaranteed to be constant with input variation. Thus, the body effect is nearly canceled. Implemented in a TSMC 0.18μm CMOS process, results from HSPICE simulation show that the VGST is nearly constant with an input range from 0.3 to 1.7V,and the - 3dB bandwidth is larger than 10GHz;the SFDR （spurious free dynamic range） of the output is 67. lldB with 1GHz input frequency; the turn-on time is 2.98ns,and the turn-off time is 1.35ns, which indicates a break-before-make action of the multiplexer. The proposed structure can be applied to high speed signal transmission.展开更多
Many variables affect the sealing performance, and their distribution characteristics are difficult to obtain with probabilistic methods owing to the high cost involved. Numerous problems in engineering are similar du...Many variables affect the sealing performance, and their distribution characteristics are difficult to obtain with probabilistic methods owing to the high cost involved. Numerous problems in engineering are similar due to the appearance of small-sample parameters. In this study, the sealing reliability of an aviation seal was defined as the research object, and an interval uncertainty method and multidimensional response surface were proposed to calculate the sealing reliability.Based on this, we first analyzed the failure mechanism of the aviation seal and established a leakage rate model. Then, based on the non-probabilistic interval model, an interval uncertainty method was proposed to construct the analytical model. With reference to the limit state equation from the structural reliability theory, the multidimensional response surface was used for fast calculation.Then, we chose the single-cylinder gas steering gear used in aircraft as the case study, its sealing reliability in working and non-working statuses were calculated, and the results were verified with the actual maintenance records. By analyzing the sensitivity of some variables, we can improve the sealing reliability of the aviation seal by improving the surface roughness only if the cost allows.Finally, we consider that the method proposed in this study realizes the application of smallsample uncertainty analysis in reliability analysis, and could provide a feasible way to solve the similar problems in engineering with multidimensional and small-sample parameters.展开更多
Exploring the spatio-temporal dynamics of poverty is important for research on sustainable poverty reduction in China. Based on the perspective of development geography, this paper proposes a panel vector autoregressi...Exploring the spatio-temporal dynamics of poverty is important for research on sustainable poverty reduction in China. Based on the perspective of development geography, this paper proposes a panel vector autoregressive(PVAR) model that combines the human development approach with the global indicator framework for Sustainable Development Goals(SDGs) to identify the poverty-causing and the poverty-reducing factors in China. The aim is to measure the multidimensional poverty index(MPI) of China’s provinces from 2007 to 2017, and use the exploratory spatio-temporal data analysis(ESTDA) method to reveal the characteristics of the spatio-temporal dynamics of multidimensional poverty. The results show the following:(1) The poverty-causing factors in China include the high social gross dependency ratio and crop-to-disaster ratio, and the poverty-reducing factors include the high per capita GDP, per capita social security expenditure, per capita public health expenditure, number of hospitals per 10,000 people, rate of participation in the new rural cooperative medical scheme, vegetation coverage, per capita education expenditure, number of universities, per capita research and development(R&D) expenditure, and funding per capita for cultural undertakings.(2) From 2007 to 2017, provincial income poverty(IP), health poverty(HP), cultural poverty(CP), and multidimensional poverty have been significantly reduced in China, and the overall national poverty has dropped by 5.67% annually. there is a differentiation in poverty along different dimensions in certain provinces.(3) During the study period, the local spatial pattern of multidimensional poverty between provinces showed strong spatial dynamics, and a trend of increase from the eastern to the central and western regions was noted. The MPI among provinces exhibited a strong spatial dependence over time to form a pattern of decrease from northwestern and northeastern China to the surrounding areas.(4) The spatio-temporal networks of multidimensional poverty in adjacent provinces were mainly negatively correlated, with only Shaanxi and Henan, Shaanxi and Ningxia, Qinghai and Gansu, Hubei and Anhui, Sichuan and Guizhou, and Hainan and Guangdong forming spatially strong cooperative poverty reduction relationships. These results have important reference value for the implementation of China’s poverty alleviation strategy.展开更多
National and international research on regional development has matured from the use of single elements and indicators to the application of comprehensive multi-element and multi-indicator measures. We selected 12 ind...National and international research on regional development has matured from the use of single elements and indicators to the application of comprehensive multi-element and multi-indicator measures. We selected 12 indicators from six dimensions for analysis in this study, including income, consumption, education, population urbanization, traffic, and indoor living facilities. We then proposed the polyhedron method to comprehensively measure levels of regional multidimensional development. We also enhanced the polygon and vector sum methods to render them more suitable for studying the status of regional multidimensional development. Finally, we measured levels of regional multidimensional development at county, city, and provincial scales across China and analyzed spatial differences using the three methods above and the weighted sum method applied widely. The results of this study reveal the presence of remarkable regional differences at the county scale across China in terms of single and multidimensional levels of regional development. Analyses show that values of the regional multidimensional development index （RMDI） are high in eastern coastal areas, intermediate in the midlands and in northern border regions, and low in the southwest and in western border regions. Districts characterized by enhanced and the highest levels of this index are distributed in eastern coastal areas, including cities in central and western regions, as well as areas characterized by the development of energy and mineral resources. The regional distribution of reduced and the lowest levels of this index is consistent with concentrations of areas that have always been impoverished. Correlation analyses of the results generated by the four methods at provincial, city, and county scales show that all are equivalent in practical application and can be used to generate satisfactory measures for regional multidimensional development. Additiona~ correlation analyses between RMDI values calculated using the polyhedron method and per capita gross domestic product （GDP） demonstrate that the latter is not a meaningful proxy for the level of regional multidimensional development.展开更多
In the travel process of urban residents,travelers will take a series of activities such as imitation and exclusion by observing other people’s travel modes,which affects their following trips.This process can be see...In the travel process of urban residents,travelers will take a series of activities such as imitation and exclusion by observing other people’s travel modes,which affects their following trips.This process can be seen as a repeated game between members of the travelers.Based on the analysis of this game and its evolution trend,a multi-dimensional game model of low-carbon travel for residents is established.The two dimensional game strategies include whether to accept the low-carbon concept and whether to choose low-carbon travel.Combined with evolutionary game theory,the low-carbon travel choices of residents in different cities are simulated,and the evolutionary stability strategies are obtained.Finally,the influences of the main parameters of the model on the evolution process and stability strategies are discussed.The results show that travelers would develop towards two trends.Cities with more developed public traffic system have a higher proportion of receiving low-carbon concept and choosing low-carbon travel.Cities with underdeveloped public transport system could increase this proportion by some measures such as encouraging residents to choose slow transport and increasing the propaganda of low-carbon travel,but the positive effects of the measures like propaganda have a limited impact on the proportion.展开更多
In order to exchange and share information among the conceptual models of data warehouse, and to build a solid base for the integration and share of metadata, a new multidimensional concept model is presented based on...In order to exchange and share information among the conceptual models of data warehouse, and to build a solid base for the integration and share of metadata, a new multidimensional concept model is presented based on XML and its DTD is defined, which can perfectly describe various semantic characteristics of multidimensional conceptual model. According to the multidimensional conceptual modeling technique which is based on UML, the mapping algorithm between the multidimensional conceptual model is described based on XML and UML class diagram, and an application base for the wide use of this technique is given.展开更多
In the case of Z＋^d（d ≥ 2）-the positive d-dimensional lattice points with partial ordering ≤, {Xk,k∈ Z＋^d} i.i.d, random variables with mean 0, Sn =∑k≤nXk and Vn^2 = ∑j≤nXj^2, the precise asymptotics for ∑...In the case of Z＋^d（d ≥ 2）-the positive d-dimensional lattice points with partial ordering ≤, {Xk,k∈ Z＋^d} i.i.d, random variables with mean 0, Sn =∑k≤nXk and Vn^2 = ∑j≤nXj^2, the precise asymptotics for ∑n1/｜n｜（log｜n｜dP（｜Sn/Vn｜≥ε√log log｜n｜） and ∑n（logn｜）b/｜n｜（log｜n｜）^d-1P（｜Sn/Vn｜≥ε√log n）,as ε↓0,is established.展开更多
Lithium–sulfur batteries(LSBs)are regarded as promising candidates for the next-generation energy storage devices owing to their high-theoretical capacity(1675 mAh g^(−1))and affordable cost.However,several limitatio...Lithium–sulfur batteries(LSBs)are regarded as promising candidates for the next-generation energy storage devices owing to their high-theoretical capacity(1675 mAh g^(−1))and affordable cost.However,several limitations of LSBs such as the lithium polysulfide shuttle,large volume expansion,and low electrical conductivity of sulfur need to be resolved for practical applications.To address these limitations,herein,a multidimensional architectured hybrid(Co@CNT/nG),where Co_(3)O_(4) nanoparticles are encapsulated into threedimensional(3D)porous N-doped reduced graphene oxide interconnected with carbon nanotube(CNT)branches,is synthesized through a simple pyrolysis method.The synergistic effect achieved through the homogeneously distributed and encapsulated Co_(3)O_(4) nanoparticles,the interconnected CNT branches,and the 3D hierarchical porous structure and N-doping of Co@CNT/nG significantly suppresses the shuttle effect of lithium polysulfides and enhances the conversion redox kinetics for the improved sulfur utilization.We validate this effect through various measurements including symmetric cells,Li_(2)S nucleation,shuttle currents,Tafel slopes,diffusion coefficients,and post-mortem analyses.Importantly,Co@CNT/nG-70S-based LSB cells achieve a high-specific capacity of 1193.1 mAh g^(−1) at 0.1 C and a low capacity decay rate of 0.030%per cycle for 700 cycles at 5 C,delivering a high areal capacity of 5.62 mAh cm^(−2) even with a loading of 6.5 mg cm^(−2).展开更多
To realize efficient and sustainable poverty alleviation,this study firstly investigated the identification of multidimensional poverty and relative poverty,and then explored relevant poverty alleviation pathways.Pove...To realize efficient and sustainable poverty alleviation,this study firstly investigated the identification of multidimensional poverty and relative poverty,and then explored relevant poverty alleviation pathways.Poverty levels in 31 provinces including the autonomous regions and municipalities of China were identified at the county level using the average nighttime light index(ANLI),county multidimensional development index(CMDI),and a method combining multidimensional poverty index and relative poverty standards.Poverty alleviation pathways for poverty-stricken counties were explored from the aspects of industry,education,tourism and agriculture.The results revealed that nearly 60% of counties in China were primarily under relative poverty,most of which were corresponded to light relative poverty.In terms of ANLI and CMDI,63% and 79% of the national poverty-stricken counties,as of 2018,could be identified,suggesting that CMDI had a higher performance for identifying poverty at the county level.In terms of poverty alleviation pathways,414,172,442,and 298 poverty-stricken counties were receptive to industry poverty alleviation,education poverty alleviation,tourism poverty alleviation,and agriculture poverty alleviation,and 61%of counties had more poverty-causing factors,implying that multidimensional poverty alleviation is suitable in most of the counties.展开更多
To achieve rational and precise seismic response predictions of large span spatial structures(LSSSs),the inherent non-uniformity and multidimensionality characteristics of earthquake ground motions should be properly ...To achieve rational and precise seismic response predictions of large span spatial structures(LSSSs),the inherent non-uniformity and multidimensionality characteristics of earthquake ground motions should be properly taken into consideration.However,due to the limitations of available earthquake stations to record seismic rotational components,the effects of rocking and torsional earthquake components are commonly neglected in the seismic analyses of LSSSs.In this study,a newly developed method to extract the rocking and torsion components at any point along the area of a deployed dense array from the translational earthquake recordings is applied to obtain the rotational seismic inputs for a LSSS.The numerical model of an actual LSSS,the Dalian International Conference Center(DICC),is developed to study the influences of multi-support and multidimensional excitations on the seismic responses of LSSSs.The numerical results reveal that the non-uniformity and multidimensionality of ground motion input can considerably affect the dynamic response of the DICC.The specific degree of influence on the overall and local structural displacements,deformations and forces are comprehensively investigated and discussed.展开更多
OBJECTIVE To identify the bioactive anti-angiogenic constitutes targeting tumor endothelial cells(TECs)in Shenmai Injection(SMI).METHEODS For pharmacokinetic(PK)studies,Balb/c mice harboring human colorectal cancer(Lo...OBJECTIVE To identify the bioactive anti-angiogenic constitutes targeting tumor endothelial cells(TECs)in Shenmai Injection(SMI).METHEODS For pharmacokinetic(PK)studies,Balb/c mice harboring human colorectal cancer(LoVo)xenografts were treated with SMI 10 mL·kg^-1 daily for 1 or 8 d.Multidimensional PK profiles of ginsenosides in plasma,subcutaneous tumors,and TECs were investigated.For PD studies,the tumor-bearing mice Intravital multi-photon imaging and CD31 immunofluorescence staining were used to evaluate the number of microves⁃sels and braches.Double staining of CD31 and α-SMA was performed to evaluate pericytes coverage ratios around vessels.ELISA was performed to determine the concentrations of VEGF and FGF in tumor tissues.For synergistic anti-tumor study,the tumor-bearing mice were treated with SMI 10 mL·kg^-1 daily,Rd 5 mg·kg^-1 daily with or without 5-FU 15 mg·kg^-1 every 3 d for 20 d.HPLC-MS/MS was used to determine the concentrations of 5-FU in plasma and tumor tissues.RESULTS SMI decreased the number of microvessels(P<0.05)and vessel branches(P<0.05)and improved vascular pericytes coverage(P<0.05).PK studies showed that the concentrations of protopanaxadiol-type(PPD)ginsenosides(Rb1,Rb2/Rb3,Rc,and Rd)in both,plasma and tumors,were higher than those of protopanaxatriol-type(Rg1 and Re)and oleanane-type(Ro)ginsenosides.Among PPD ginsenosides,Rd exhibited the greatest concentrations in tumors and TECs after repeated injection.In fact,the proportion of Rd in the detectable components of SMI gradually increased in the following order:SMI formula(2.8%),plasma(16.0%),tumor tissues(34.3%),and TECs(40.3%).In vivo bioactivity results showed that Rd 5 mg·kg^-1 daily significantly decreased the number of microvessels(P<0.05)and vessel branches(P<0.05)and increased pericytes coverage(P<0.05)while Rd 0.5 mg·kg^-1 daily,Rb1 and Rg1 had no significant effect on them.Rd 5 mg·kg^-1 suppressed the expression of VEGF and FGF simultaneously.Rd 5 mg·kg^-1 enhanced the antitumor effect of 5-FU via increasing the distribution of 5-FU in tumor tissues(P<0.05)in xenograft mice.CONCLUSION Ginsenoside Rd may be the major bioactive anti-angiogenic constituent targeting TECs after SMI treatment.展开更多
Consider a multidimensional renewal risk model, in which the claim sizes {Xk, k ≥1} form a sequence of independent and identically distributed random vectors with nonnegative components that are allowed to be depende...Consider a multidimensional renewal risk model, in which the claim sizes {Xk, k ≥1} form a sequence of independent and identically distributed random vectors with nonnegative components that are allowed to be dependent on each other. The univariate marginal distributions of these vectors have consistently varying tails and finite means. Suppose that the claim sizes and inter-arrival times correspondingly form a sequence of independent and identically distributed random pairs, with each pair obeying a dependence structure. A precise large deviation for the multidimensional renewal risk model is obtained.展开更多
Due to the designability of their proton transport channels,high-performance long-lasting composite proton exchange membranes(PEMs)are currently the subject of extensive research.However,the compatibility and channel ...Due to the designability of their proton transport channels,high-performance long-lasting composite proton exchange membranes(PEMs)are currently the subject of extensive research.However,the compatibility and channel order of the internal components of the composite membranes are still challenging.In this work,hollow polypyrrole(PPy)nanotube structures were obtained to provide a nitrogen source and to act as a skeleton to confine and separate cobalt nanoparticles on the surface of PPy nanotubes.Finally,zeolitic imidazolate framework material-67(ZIF-67)was attached to the surface.By using this method,PPy@ZIF-67 filler can minimize the particle size and inhibit Co^(2+)ions from aggregating,thus constructing a reasonably distributed transport channel and improving the proton transport capacity.As a result,the synthesized polymer nanotubes loaded metal-organic framework(MOF)nanofiber network can enhance the physicochemical properties and stability of the membrane by providing a more extensive interfacial interaction.In addition,the composite membrane has excellent ionic conductivity and power density,reaching 233.7 mS cm^(–1) and 837 mW cm^(–2) at 80℃ and 100%humidity.It indicates that the nanofibrous MOF structure not only improves the compatibility with the substrate but also provides sufficient leap points for proton transport via the interfacial conduction pathway between the PPy@ZIF-67 filler and the substrate,thus allowing the resulting composite membrane to facilitate proton transfer via the Vehicle and Grotthuss mechanisms synergistically.展开更多
To solve the arrearage problem that puzzled most of the mobile corporations, we propose an approach to forecast and evaluate the credits for mobile clients, devising a method that is of the coalescence of genetic algo...To solve the arrearage problem that puzzled most of the mobile corporations, we propose an approach to forecast and evaluate the credits for mobile clients, devising a method that is of the coalescence of genetic algorithm and multidimensional distinguishing model. In the end of this paper, a result of a testing application in Zhuhai Branch, GMCC was provided. The precision of the forecasting and evaluation of the client’s credit is near 90%. This study is very significant to the mobile communication corporation at all levels. The popularization of the techniques and the result would produce great benefits of both society and economy.展开更多
基金supported by the fund of the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.22378249,22078184,and 22171170)the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(No.2019M653853XB)the Natural Science Advance Research Foundation of Shaanxi University of Science and Technology(No.2018QNBJ-03).
文摘The demand for flexible electric heating devices has increased due to technology advancement and improved living standards.These devices have various applications including personal thermal management,hyperthermia,defrosting,agricultural heating film,and oil-water separation.Joule heat,generated by electric currents,is commonly used in electrical appliances.To incorporate Joule heating into flexible electronics,new materials with excellent mechanical properties are necessary.Traditional polymers,used as reinforcements,limit the continuity of conductive networks in composites.Therefore,there is a need to develop flexible Joule thermal composite materials with enhanced mechanical strength and conductivity.Cellulose,a widely available renewable resource,is attracting attention for its excellent mechanical properties.It can be used as a dispersant and reinforcing agent for conductive fillers in cellulose-based composites,creating highly conductive networks.Various forms of cellulose,such as wood,nanocellulose,pulp fiber,bacterial cellulose,cellulose paper,textile clothing,and aramid fiber,have been utilized to achieve high-performance Joule thermal composites.Researchers have achieved excellent mechanical properties and developed efficient electric heating devices by designing cellulose-based composites with different structures.The scalable production methods enable large-scale application of cellulose-based devices,each with unique advantages in 1D,2D,and 3D structures.This review summarizes recent advancements in cellulose-based Joule thermal composites,providing insights into different structural devices,and discussing prospects and challenges in the field.
文摘Objectives:Schizophrenia is a profoundly stigmatized mental health condition,characterized by misconceptions that affect societal attitudes,policy development,and the lived experiences of individuals with the condition.This study aimed to develop and validate a multidimensional scale for assessing societal stigma towards schizophrenia,while exploring how demographic factors influence such attitudes.Methods:Drawing on an extensive literature review and consultations,the study identified five domains of stigma:Workplace Capability,Intimate Relationships,Autonomy,Risk Perception,and Recovery.Using a two-phase methodology,a preliminary 38-itemscale was administered to 729 participants from the general Spanish population,refining the measure through descriptive and exploratory factor analysis.Subsequently,a revised 34-item scale was validated through confirmatory factor analysis with an independent sample of 417 participants.Results:The final model showed good fit(RMSEA=0.056,CFI=0.938,TLI=0.933)and strong internal consistency(α=0.73–0.86).Findings revealed that stigma was most pronounced in the domain of Autonomy(Mean=2.83,SD=0.91),reflecting pervasive doubts about individuals’ability to live independently and achieve meaningful integration into society.Stigma varied significantly across demographic variables,with higher levels reported among men,older individuals,married participants,and those outside health professions(p<0.01).Conversely,healthcare professionals,younger individuals,and those familiar with someone with schizophrenia generally reported less stigma(p<0.01).Conclusion:This study developed and validated a robust multidimensional scale for assessing societal stigma toward schizophrenia.The five-factor model—Workplace Capability,Intimate Relationships,Autonomy,Risk Perception,and Recovery—was empirically supported.Autonomy and Recovery emerged as themost stigmatized domains across the Spanish general population.The scale demonstrated strong psychometric properties and effectively captured stigma patterns linked to key sociodemographic variables.
文摘BACKGROUND Post-endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography(ERCP)pancreatitis is a common complication of the procedure.The effective prevention of post-ERCP pancreatitis(PEP)remains a key focus of clinical research.AIM To develop a prediction model for PEP based on multidimensional clinical indicators and evaluate its clinical application value.METHODS We retrospectively analyzed 183 patients with biliary tract diseases who underwent ERCP at Xuzhou Medical University from January 2020 to June 2023,divided into non-PEP(n=159)and PEP(n=24)groups based on PEP development.Baseline and intraoperative data were compared,and PEP-related factors examined via univariate and multivariate logistic regression.Using R,70%of patients were assigned to training and 30%to testing sets for PEP prediction model development.Model accuracy was evaluated using a calibration curve and receiver operating characteristic(ROC)area under the curve(AUC).RESULTS Age,total cholesterol level,history of pancreatitis,pancreatic ductography,bleeding,and intubation time differed significantly between the two groups when baseline data and intraoperative conditions were compared(P<0.05).Multifactorial logistic regression analysis demonstrated that age[odds ratio(OR)=0.192,95%confidence interval(CI):0.053-0.698],total cholesterol(OR=0.324,95%CI:0.152-0.694),history of pancreatitis(OR=6.159,95%CI:1.770-21.434),pancreatography(OR=3.726,95%CI:1.028-13.507),and bleeding(OR=3.059,95%CI:1.001-9.349)were independently associated with acute pancreatitis after ERCP.The predictive probabilities from the calibration curves had mean errors of 0.021 and 0.030,with ROC AUCs of 0.840 and 0.797 in the training and test sets,respectively.CONCLUSION Age,total cholesterol,pancreatitis history,pancreatic ductography,and bleeding influence the risk of acute PEP.A model incorporating these factors may aid early detection and intervention.
基金supported by the Second Tibetan Plateau Scientific Expedition and Research(STEP)program(2019QZKK0502)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(32322006)+1 种基金the Major Program for Basic Research Project of Yunnan Province(202103AF140005 and 202101BC070002)the Practice Innovation Fund for Professional Degree Graduates of Yunnan University(ZC-22222401).
文摘The study of plant diversity is often hindered by the challenge of integrating data from different sources and different data types.A standardized data system would facilitate detailed exploration of plant distribution patterns and dynamics for botanists,ecologists,conservation biologists,and biogeographers.This study proposes a gridded vector data integration method,combining grid-based techniques with vectorization to integrate diverse data types from multiple sources into grids of the same scale.Here we demonstrate the methodology by creating a comprehensive 1°×1°database of western China that includes plant distribution information and environmental factor data.This approach addresses the need for a standardized data system to facilitate exploration of plant distribution patterns and dynamic changes in the region.
基金the National Key R&D Program of China(2021YFA1401200)Beijing Outstanding Young Scientist Program(BJJWZYJH01201910007022)+2 种基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.U21A20140,No.92050117)programBeijing Nova Program(No.20250484994)Beijing Natural Science Foundation(JQ24028).
文摘Spectral and polarization information are crucial for characterizing the composition and surface morphology of various materials.However,traditional spectral and polarization detection systems are hampered by bulky,single-function optical components and complex configurations,hindering the portable,low-cost,and multifunctional applications in compact,field-deployable devices.In this study,we introduce a miniaturized near-infrared(NIR)spectro-polarimetric detection device utilizing a group of meta-spectro-polarimeters(MSPs),which support quasi-bound states in the continuum(QBIC)under specific incident polarization,significantly reducing the spatial footprint and improving the design scalability.By precisely adjusting the high quality resonances and polarization sensitive radiation behavior of MSPs,we not only extend the number of spectral waveband to 20 that greatly surpassing traditional division-of-amplitude or division-of-time schemes,but also ensure an average spectral resolution power(SRP,λ/Δλ)of 71.03.We achieve high accuracy multidimensional spectro-polarization detection,resulting in the angle of linear polarization(AoLP)with an average error of 4.67°and precise spectrum reconstruction in a machine-learning free way,avoiding the huge computational power and energy during the training process.Additionally,we demonstrate the high spectro-polarimetric imaging performance of our system in different experimental scene.Such multidimensional detection device holds great promise for adoption in fields like aerospace,chemical detection,machine vision,and so on.
文摘As multi-discipline coupling and components interference often affect the aircraft configuration decision-making and analysis during conceptual design process, this article presents an approach of multidimensional game theory based on aircraft compo- nents to deal with this problem. The idea is that the configuration decision-making process is regarded as the game for different disciplines and technologies, and the aircraft components are players. The payoff function with highest total gain means that ac- cording to the game protocols and multidimensional theory, the optimal aircraft configuration within the strategy set will be cho- sen. The decision-making model is applied to conceptual design process of the high altitude long endurance （HALE） unmanned aerial vehicle （UAV） based on the assessment of technological risk. The obtained optimum configuration is quite consistent with the current HALE UAV development trends. Thus, taking into account the coupling and interference factors, the multidimensional gaming model based on aircraft components will be an effective analysis method in the decision-making process of aircraft optimum configuration.
文摘A multiplexer with a low-distortion high-bandwidth analog switch is presented. The gate-to-source voltage of the switch is set by the combined on-voltage of a pMOS and an nMOS,and the difference between its gate-source voltage and the threshold voltage （VGST） is guaranteed to be constant with input variation. Thus, the body effect is nearly canceled. Implemented in a TSMC 0.18μm CMOS process, results from HSPICE simulation show that the VGST is nearly constant with an input range from 0.3 to 1.7V,and the - 3dB bandwidth is larger than 10GHz;the SFDR （spurious free dynamic range） of the output is 67. lldB with 1GHz input frequency; the turn-on time is 2.98ns,and the turn-off time is 1.35ns, which indicates a break-before-make action of the multiplexer. The proposed structure can be applied to high speed signal transmission.
基金supported in part from the Fundamental Research Project funded by the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology of the People’s Republic of China
文摘Many variables affect the sealing performance, and their distribution characteristics are difficult to obtain with probabilistic methods owing to the high cost involved. Numerous problems in engineering are similar due to the appearance of small-sample parameters. In this study, the sealing reliability of an aviation seal was defined as the research object, and an interval uncertainty method and multidimensional response surface were proposed to calculate the sealing reliability.Based on this, we first analyzed the failure mechanism of the aviation seal and established a leakage rate model. Then, based on the non-probabilistic interval model, an interval uncertainty method was proposed to construct the analytical model. With reference to the limit state equation from the structural reliability theory, the multidimensional response surface was used for fast calculation.Then, we chose the single-cylinder gas steering gear used in aircraft as the case study, its sealing reliability in working and non-working statuses were calculated, and the results were verified with the actual maintenance records. By analyzing the sensitivity of some variables, we can improve the sealing reliability of the aviation seal by improving the surface roughness only if the cost allows.Finally, we consider that the method proposed in this study realizes the application of smallsample uncertainty analysis in reliability analysis, and could provide a feasible way to solve the similar problems in engineering with multidimensional and small-sample parameters.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.71974070, No.41501593National Key R&D Project,No.2016YFA0602500Humanities and Social Sciences Foundation of Ministry of Education of China,No.19YJCZH068。
文摘Exploring the spatio-temporal dynamics of poverty is important for research on sustainable poverty reduction in China. Based on the perspective of development geography, this paper proposes a panel vector autoregressive(PVAR) model that combines the human development approach with the global indicator framework for Sustainable Development Goals(SDGs) to identify the poverty-causing and the poverty-reducing factors in China. The aim is to measure the multidimensional poverty index(MPI) of China’s provinces from 2007 to 2017, and use the exploratory spatio-temporal data analysis(ESTDA) method to reveal the characteristics of the spatio-temporal dynamics of multidimensional poverty. The results show the following:(1) The poverty-causing factors in China include the high social gross dependency ratio and crop-to-disaster ratio, and the poverty-reducing factors include the high per capita GDP, per capita social security expenditure, per capita public health expenditure, number of hospitals per 10,000 people, rate of participation in the new rural cooperative medical scheme, vegetation coverage, per capita education expenditure, number of universities, per capita research and development(R&D) expenditure, and funding per capita for cultural undertakings.(2) From 2007 to 2017, provincial income poverty(IP), health poverty(HP), cultural poverty(CP), and multidimensional poverty have been significantly reduced in China, and the overall national poverty has dropped by 5.67% annually. there is a differentiation in poverty along different dimensions in certain provinces.(3) During the study period, the local spatial pattern of multidimensional poverty between provinces showed strong spatial dynamics, and a trend of increase from the eastern to the central and western regions was noted. The MPI among provinces exhibited a strong spatial dependence over time to form a pattern of decrease from northwestern and northeastern China to the surrounding areas.(4) The spatio-temporal networks of multidimensional poverty in adjacent provinces were mainly negatively correlated, with only Shaanxi and Henan, Shaanxi and Ningxia, Qinghai and Gansu, Hubei and Anhui, Sichuan and Guizhou, and Hainan and Guangdong forming spatially strong cooperative poverty reduction relationships. These results have important reference value for the implementation of China’s poverty alleviation strategy.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.41171449Knowledge Innovation Project of the Chinese Academy of Sciences,No.KZZD-EW-06
文摘National and international research on regional development has matured from the use of single elements and indicators to the application of comprehensive multi-element and multi-indicator measures. We selected 12 indicators from six dimensions for analysis in this study, including income, consumption, education, population urbanization, traffic, and indoor living facilities. We then proposed the polyhedron method to comprehensively measure levels of regional multidimensional development. We also enhanced the polygon and vector sum methods to render them more suitable for studying the status of regional multidimensional development. Finally, we measured levels of regional multidimensional development at county, city, and provincial scales across China and analyzed spatial differences using the three methods above and the weighted sum method applied widely. The results of this study reveal the presence of remarkable regional differences at the county scale across China in terms of single and multidimensional levels of regional development. Analyses show that values of the regional multidimensional development index （RMDI） are high in eastern coastal areas, intermediate in the midlands and in northern border regions, and low in the southwest and in western border regions. Districts characterized by enhanced and the highest levels of this index are distributed in eastern coastal areas, including cities in central and western regions, as well as areas characterized by the development of energy and mineral resources. The regional distribution of reduced and the lowest levels of this index is consistent with concentrations of areas that have always been impoverished. Correlation analyses of the results generated by the four methods at provincial, city, and county scales show that all are equivalent in practical application and can be used to generate satisfactory measures for regional multidimensional development. Additiona~ correlation analyses between RMDI values calculated using the polyhedron method and per capita gross domestic product （GDP） demonstrate that the latter is not a meaningful proxy for the level of regional multidimensional development.
基金Project(BK20160512)supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province,ChinaProject(16YJCZH027)supported by the Humanity and Social Science Youth Foundation of Ministry of Education of ChinaProject(15GLC004)supported by the Social Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province,China
文摘In the travel process of urban residents,travelers will take a series of activities such as imitation and exclusion by observing other people’s travel modes,which affects their following trips.This process can be seen as a repeated game between members of the travelers.Based on the analysis of this game and its evolution trend,a multi-dimensional game model of low-carbon travel for residents is established.The two dimensional game strategies include whether to accept the low-carbon concept and whether to choose low-carbon travel.Combined with evolutionary game theory,the low-carbon travel choices of residents in different cities are simulated,and the evolutionary stability strategies are obtained.Finally,the influences of the main parameters of the model on the evolution process and stability strategies are discussed.The results show that travelers would develop towards two trends.Cities with more developed public traffic system have a higher proportion of receiving low-carbon concept and choosing low-carbon travel.Cities with underdeveloped public transport system could increase this proportion by some measures such as encouraging residents to choose slow transport and increasing the propaganda of low-carbon travel,but the positive effects of the measures like propaganda have a limited impact on the proportion.
文摘In order to exchange and share information among the conceptual models of data warehouse, and to build a solid base for the integration and share of metadata, a new multidimensional concept model is presented based on XML and its DTD is defined, which can perfectly describe various semantic characteristics of multidimensional conceptual model. According to the multidimensional conceptual modeling technique which is based on UML, the mapping algorithm between the multidimensional conceptual model is described based on XML and UML class diagram, and an application base for the wide use of this technique is given.
文摘In the case of Z＋^d（d ≥ 2）-the positive d-dimensional lattice points with partial ordering ≤, {Xk,k∈ Z＋^d} i.i.d, random variables with mean 0, Sn =∑k≤nXk and Vn^2 = ∑j≤nXj^2, the precise asymptotics for ∑n1/｜n｜（log｜n｜dP（｜Sn/Vn｜≥ε√log log｜n｜） and ∑n（logn｜）b/｜n｜（log｜n｜）^d-1P（｜Sn/Vn｜≥ε√log n）,as ε↓0,is established.
基金supported by the National Research Foundation of Korea(NRF)grant funded by the Korea Government(MSIT)(NRF-2020R1A3B2079803),Republic of Korea.
文摘Lithium–sulfur batteries(LSBs)are regarded as promising candidates for the next-generation energy storage devices owing to their high-theoretical capacity(1675 mAh g^(−1))and affordable cost.However,several limitations of LSBs such as the lithium polysulfide shuttle,large volume expansion,and low electrical conductivity of sulfur need to be resolved for practical applications.To address these limitations,herein,a multidimensional architectured hybrid(Co@CNT/nG),where Co_(3)O_(4) nanoparticles are encapsulated into threedimensional(3D)porous N-doped reduced graphene oxide interconnected with carbon nanotube(CNT)branches,is synthesized through a simple pyrolysis method.The synergistic effect achieved through the homogeneously distributed and encapsulated Co_(3)O_(4) nanoparticles,the interconnected CNT branches,and the 3D hierarchical porous structure and N-doping of Co@CNT/nG significantly suppresses the shuttle effect of lithium polysulfides and enhances the conversion redox kinetics for the improved sulfur utilization.We validate this effect through various measurements including symmetric cells,Li_(2)S nucleation,shuttle currents,Tafel slopes,diffusion coefficients,and post-mortem analyses.Importantly,Co@CNT/nG-70S-based LSB cells achieve a high-specific capacity of 1193.1 mAh g^(−1) at 0.1 C and a low capacity decay rate of 0.030%per cycle for 700 cycles at 5 C,delivering a high areal capacity of 5.62 mAh cm^(−2) even with a loading of 6.5 mg cm^(−2).
基金Strategic Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences,No.XDA23070400National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.41901234,No.51909052。
文摘To realize efficient and sustainable poverty alleviation,this study firstly investigated the identification of multidimensional poverty and relative poverty,and then explored relevant poverty alleviation pathways.Poverty levels in 31 provinces including the autonomous regions and municipalities of China were identified at the county level using the average nighttime light index(ANLI),county multidimensional development index(CMDI),and a method combining multidimensional poverty index and relative poverty standards.Poverty alleviation pathways for poverty-stricken counties were explored from the aspects of industry,education,tourism and agriculture.The results revealed that nearly 60% of counties in China were primarily under relative poverty,most of which were corresponded to light relative poverty.In terms of ANLI and CMDI,63% and 79% of the national poverty-stricken counties,as of 2018,could be identified,suggesting that CMDI had a higher performance for identifying poverty at the county level.In terms of poverty alleviation pathways,414,172,442,and 298 poverty-stricken counties were receptive to industry poverty alleviation,education poverty alleviation,tourism poverty alleviation,and agriculture poverty alleviation,and 61%of counties had more poverty-causing factors,implying that multidimensional poverty alleviation is suitable in most of the counties.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant Nos.51738007,51808099the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities under Grant No.DUT20RC(3)005。
文摘To achieve rational and precise seismic response predictions of large span spatial structures(LSSSs),the inherent non-uniformity and multidimensionality characteristics of earthquake ground motions should be properly taken into consideration.However,due to the limitations of available earthquake stations to record seismic rotational components,the effects of rocking and torsional earthquake components are commonly neglected in the seismic analyses of LSSSs.In this study,a newly developed method to extract the rocking and torsion components at any point along the area of a deployed dense array from the translational earthquake recordings is applied to obtain the rotational seismic inputs for a LSSS.The numerical model of an actual LSSS,the Dalian International Conference Center(DICC),is developed to study the influences of multi-support and multidimensional excitations on the seismic responses of LSSSs.The numerical results reveal that the non-uniformity and multidimensionality of ground motion input can considerably affect the dynamic response of the DICC.The specific degree of influence on the overall and local structural displacements,deformations and forces are comprehensively investigated and discussed.
基金National Nature Science Foundation of China(81773989and 81530098)
文摘OBJECTIVE To identify the bioactive anti-angiogenic constitutes targeting tumor endothelial cells(TECs)in Shenmai Injection(SMI).METHEODS For pharmacokinetic(PK)studies,Balb/c mice harboring human colorectal cancer(LoVo)xenografts were treated with SMI 10 mL·kg^-1 daily for 1 or 8 d.Multidimensional PK profiles of ginsenosides in plasma,subcutaneous tumors,and TECs were investigated.For PD studies,the tumor-bearing mice Intravital multi-photon imaging and CD31 immunofluorescence staining were used to evaluate the number of microves⁃sels and braches.Double staining of CD31 and α-SMA was performed to evaluate pericytes coverage ratios around vessels.ELISA was performed to determine the concentrations of VEGF and FGF in tumor tissues.For synergistic anti-tumor study,the tumor-bearing mice were treated with SMI 10 mL·kg^-1 daily,Rd 5 mg·kg^-1 daily with or without 5-FU 15 mg·kg^-1 every 3 d for 20 d.HPLC-MS/MS was used to determine the concentrations of 5-FU in plasma and tumor tissues.RESULTS SMI decreased the number of microvessels(P<0.05)and vessel branches(P<0.05)and improved vascular pericytes coverage(P<0.05).PK studies showed that the concentrations of protopanaxadiol-type(PPD)ginsenosides(Rb1,Rb2/Rb3,Rc,and Rd)in both,plasma and tumors,were higher than those of protopanaxatriol-type(Rg1 and Re)and oleanane-type(Ro)ginsenosides.Among PPD ginsenosides,Rd exhibited the greatest concentrations in tumors and TECs after repeated injection.In fact,the proportion of Rd in the detectable components of SMI gradually increased in the following order:SMI formula(2.8%),plasma(16.0%),tumor tissues(34.3%),and TECs(40.3%).In vivo bioactivity results showed that Rd 5 mg·kg^-1 daily significantly decreased the number of microvessels(P<0.05)and vessel branches(P<0.05)and increased pericytes coverage(P<0.05)while Rd 0.5 mg·kg^-1 daily,Rb1 and Rg1 had no significant effect on them.Rd 5 mg·kg^-1 suppressed the expression of VEGF and FGF simultaneously.Rd 5 mg·kg^-1 enhanced the antitumor effect of 5-FU via increasing the distribution of 5-FU in tumor tissues(P<0.05)in xenograft mice.CONCLUSION Ginsenoside Rd may be the major bioactive anti-angiogenic constituent targeting TECs after SMI treatment.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.11571058&11301481)Humanities and Social Science Foundation of the Ministry of Education of China(No.17YJC910007)+1 种基金Zhejiang Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China(No.LY17A010004)Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(No.DUT17LK31)
文摘Consider a multidimensional renewal risk model, in which the claim sizes {Xk, k ≥1} form a sequence of independent and identically distributed random vectors with nonnegative components that are allowed to be dependent on each other. The univariate marginal distributions of these vectors have consistently varying tails and finite means. Suppose that the claim sizes and inter-arrival times correspondingly form a sequence of independent and identically distributed random pairs, with each pair obeying a dependence structure. A precise large deviation for the multidimensional renewal risk model is obtained.
基金The author would like to thank the National Key R&D Program of China(Project No.2021YFE0104700).
文摘Due to the designability of their proton transport channels,high-performance long-lasting composite proton exchange membranes(PEMs)are currently the subject of extensive research.However,the compatibility and channel order of the internal components of the composite membranes are still challenging.In this work,hollow polypyrrole(PPy)nanotube structures were obtained to provide a nitrogen source and to act as a skeleton to confine and separate cobalt nanoparticles on the surface of PPy nanotubes.Finally,zeolitic imidazolate framework material-67(ZIF-67)was attached to the surface.By using this method,PPy@ZIF-67 filler can minimize the particle size and inhibit Co^(2+)ions from aggregating,thus constructing a reasonably distributed transport channel and improving the proton transport capacity.As a result,the synthesized polymer nanotubes loaded metal-organic framework(MOF)nanofiber network can enhance the physicochemical properties and stability of the membrane by providing a more extensive interfacial interaction.In addition,the composite membrane has excellent ionic conductivity and power density,reaching 233.7 mS cm^(–1) and 837 mW cm^(–2) at 80℃ and 100%humidity.It indicates that the nanofibrous MOF structure not only improves the compatibility with the substrate but also provides sufficient leap points for proton transport via the interfacial conduction pathway between the PPy@ZIF-67 filler and the substrate,thus allowing the resulting composite membrane to facilitate proton transfer via the Vehicle and Grotthuss mechanisms synergistically.
基金Guangdong Mobile Communication Company Limited Key Item(2001 and 2002)
文摘To solve the arrearage problem that puzzled most of the mobile corporations, we propose an approach to forecast and evaluate the credits for mobile clients, devising a method that is of the coalescence of genetic algorithm and multidimensional distinguishing model. In the end of this paper, a result of a testing application in Zhuhai Branch, GMCC was provided. The precision of the forecasting and evaluation of the client’s credit is near 90%. This study is very significant to the mobile communication corporation at all levels. The popularization of the techniques and the result would produce great benefits of both society and economy.
