To explore the impact of partial centralization on supply chain performance,this study constructs a two-period game model of a closed-loop supply chain involving a manufacturer and an online retail platform participat...To explore the impact of partial centralization on supply chain performance,this study constructs a two-period game model of a closed-loop supply chain involving a manufacturer and an online retail platform participating in the trade-in strategy.Through mathematical modeling and numerical simulation methods,the optimal decisions were analyzed under conditions where the manufacturer partially owns the retail platform’s partial equity.This study finds that partial centralization yields the highest profits,followed by full centralization,with decentralized decisions yielding the lowest profits.Moderate centralization enhances overall profits by optimizing incentive mechanisms,whereas excessive ownership concentration reduces the flexibility of the retail platform,leading to a decline in profits.Additionally,product durability and trade-in subsidy significantly influence supply chain profitability:high-durability products reduce renewal frequency,while trade-in subsidy effectively stimulates consumer demand and increase overall profits.This study provides theoretical support and practical guidance for companies implementing the trade-in strategy.展开更多
Unlike the traditional decentralized channel,the drop-shipping channel entails a retailer relaying consumers’orders to the manufacturer,which proceeds to stock the orders and directly ship them to the consumers.This ...Unlike the traditional decentralized channel,the drop-shipping channel entails a retailer relaying consumers’orders to the manufacturer,which proceeds to stock the orders and directly ship them to the consumers.This study explores supply chain coordination and product quality in drop-shipping and traditional channels.Specifically,we analyze the performance of both channels under wholesale price and revenue-sharing contracts.Our study yields several key findings.First,the revenue-sharing contract can coordinate both traditional and drop-shipping channels,effectively increasing supply chain performance.Second,given the channel structure,the retailer prefers the wholesale price contract,whereas the manufacturer prefers the revenue-sharing contract.Third,product quality is higher in the drop-shipping channel when demand uncertainty is high.Finally,the implementation of the revenue-sharing contract increases product quality in the traditional channel,whereas it keeps product quality unchanged in the drop-shipping channel.展开更多
The competition and cooperation between traditional telecom operators and resale operators in the supply chain are discussed, when the telecom industry developed telecommunication resale service. Supply chain contract...The competition and cooperation between traditional telecom operators and resale operators in the supply chain are discussed, when the telecom industry developed telecommunication resale service. Supply chain contract is an effective way to coordinate the supply chain. This paper analyzes the revenue-sharing contract between telecom operators and resale operators. The study shows that by setting up a rational revenue-sharing ratio and wholesale price, a revenue-sharing contract can coordinate this supply chain, and telecom operators and resale operators can achieve a 'win-win' solution.展开更多
A two-level supply chain model involving one supplier and one retailer with linear demand is developed, and supply chain coordination mechanisms under asymmetric information （the retailer＇ s cost structure is asymme...A two-level supply chain model involving one supplier and one retailer with linear demand is developed, and supply chain coordination mechanisms under asymmetric information （the retailer＇ s cost structure is asymmetric information） are proposed by employing game theory in two scenarios： coordination mechanisms under asymmetric information in a regular scenario （without disruption）; and coordination mechanisms under asymmetric information in an irregular scenario （ with retailer cost disruptions）. It is optimal for the supply chain to maintain the original production plan and to guarantee a steadily running system if variations of retailer costs are sufficiently low and do not exceed an upper bound. This shows that the original production plan has certain robustness under disruptions. Decisions must be re-made if a retailer＇ s cost change is greater and exceeds an upper bound. Impacts of retailer cost disruptions on the order quantity, the retail price, the wholesale price and each party＇ s as well as the system＇ s expected profits are investigated through numerical analyses.展开更多
To align customer demand with suppliers for reducing work in process and supply costs and increasing re sp onsiveness to customer requirements, a real time collaborative supply chain mana gement system is essential...To align customer demand with suppliers for reducing work in process and supply costs and increasing re sp onsiveness to customer requirements, a real time collaborative supply chain mana gement system is essential. A solution to the realization of supply chain manage ment capable of timely responding to customer requirements is proposed. Workflow automation is used to manage process interaction across enterprises; Agents can be automatically invoked by supply chain workflow process and are used to pro mote the flexibility and reconfigurability by providing the mechanism in support of distributed compution in an enterprises to meet the requirements of performa nce and business dynamics. An approach that supports agent based workflow proce ss in a supply chain is proposed. And the coordination mechanism between agents is also discussed.展开更多
Considering participators' risk bias,which is measured by the method of value at risk,the risk constraints in a two-echelon supply chain coordination under buy-back contract is equal to giving the order of an uppe...Considering participators' risk bias,which is measured by the method of value at risk,the risk constraints in a two-echelon supply chain coordination under buy-back contract is equal to giving the order of an upper bound.With a risk-averse dominant enterprise(M)and a risk-neutral non-dominant one(R),the coordination which optimizes the supply chain under the risk constraints is achieved by a penalty mechanism L to reduce R's order.With risk-neutral M and risk-averse R,M can motivate R to increase his order by providing a risk subsidy K,and two cases are discussed.If the risk constraints of R cannot satisfy M's participation constraint to offer K,M will prefer to accept R's order to obtain a sub-optimization solution of the supply chain.Or else,with M's K,R's optimal order just coordinates the supply chain,which is equal to the case without risk bias,and in this situation R's risk bias only affects the profit distribution between the participators.展开更多
The coordination problem of a supply chain comprising one supplier and one retailer under market demand disruption is studied in this article. A novel exponential demand function is adopted, and the penalty cost is in...The coordination problem of a supply chain comprising one supplier and one retailer under market demand disruption is studied in this article. A novel exponential demand function is adopted, and the penalty cost is introduced explicitly to capture the deviation production cost caused by the market demand disruption. The optimal strategies are obtained for different disruption scale under the centralized mode. For the decentralized mode, it is proved that the supply chain can be fully coordinated by adjusting the price discount policy appropriately when disruption occurs. Furthermore, the authors point out that similar results can be established for more general demand functions that represent different market circumstances if certain assumptions are satisfied.展开更多
In supply chain management,an important research direction is to coordinate the supply chain through introducing flexible contracts.A supply chain contract is flexible if it can satisfy two conditions at the same time...In supply chain management,an important research direction is to coordinate the supply chain through introducing flexible contracts.A supply chain contract is flexible if it can satisfy two conditions at the same time：the supply chain is coordinated,and the total profit of the supply chain can be arbitrarily divided between the supply chain members.This paper puts out two contracts,a flexible return contract and a flexible wholesale price discount contract.In contrast to many of literature,the supply chain contracts with an endogenous wholesale price is specifically considered,and a detailed sensitivity analysis of the contract parameters is given.The paper also discusses the application of the contract in vendor-managed inventory（VMI） mode.The results show that the supply chain＇s performance is improved after introducing above contracts.All the findings are illustrated by numerical examples.展开更多
This paper investigates the problem of how to handling demand disruptions ina one-supplier-one-retailer supply chain,where production cost is a convex function of productionquantity andprice-demand relationship is lin...This paper investigates the problem of how to handling demand disruptions ina one-supplier-one-retailer supply chain,where production cost is a convex function of productionquantity andprice-demand relationship is linear.Our results show that,ifdemand is disrupted,underthe new price-demand relationship,all-unit wholesale quantity discount policies combiningcapacitated linear pricingpolicies can also fully coordinate the supply chain.展开更多
Supply chain finance(SCF) is concerned because of its service efficiency for the real economy. Beside the bank, some enterprises have provided the SCF service. E-commerce platform firms develop small and micro loan sy...Supply chain finance(SCF) is concerned because of its service efficiency for the real economy. Beside the bank, some enterprises have provided the SCF service. E-commerce platform firms develop small and micro loan system in China. A given small enterprise can apply for a loan through its platform. Based on the latest SCF developments and the relevant literature, this study focuses on the coordination mechanism of SCF. We construct a game theory model including supplier, retailer and financial service provider to analyze the decision making of them. We find the optimal solution to the supplier, retailer and financial service provider.展开更多
The research of cluster supply chains is a new direction and a hotspot of the industrial cluster theory. On the condition of the coordination game, the enterprises may be stuck on the non-efficient equilibrium status,...The research of cluster supply chains is a new direction and a hotspot of the industrial cluster theory. On the condition of the coordination game, the enterprises may be stuck on the non-efficient equilibrium status, which becomes an important problem that must be considered on cluster supply chains. A symmetrical coordination game model is constituted to describe the competition and cooperation relationship of the same-quality manufacturers on cluster supply chains. The methods of the non-cooperation game theory and the evolutionary game theory are respectively used to analyze the model, whose parameters＇ influences under each method are then compared. It can be concluded that the analysis of the evolutionary game theory is more realistic and practical. Finally, three approaches are considered to break away from being path-dependence locked-in non-efficient status during this coordination game evolutionary process, which provide the development of cluster supply chains with an effective forecasting and Pareto optimizing method.展开更多
In order to study supply chain of the telecom value-added service,a multi-leaders and multi-followers Stackelberg game model with multiple telecom operators and multiple service providers whose income is composed of i...In order to study supply chain of the telecom value-added service,a multi-leaders and multi-followers Stackelberg game model with multiple telecom operators and multiple service providers whose income is composed of information fee division and advertisement was constructed.Then a demonstration was simulated,and the results were compared with the situation of service providers' income only from information fee division.The simulated and compared results indicate that,the enterprises in the supply chain have the nature of pursuing the maximum profits in capital markets;meanwhile,first-mover advantages and some enterprise can get more profits with the information asymmetry.展开更多
A new dinuclear Y（3＋） coordination polymer{[Y2（H2O）2（C（14）H8O4）3（C（12）H8N2）2]·3 H2O}n （1, C（14）H8 O4 = 2,2＇-biphenyldicarboxylate, phen = 1,10-phenanthroline）, has been obtained by means of a mi...A new dinuclear Y（3＋） coordination polymer{[Y2（H2O）2（C（14）H8O4）3（C（12）H8N2）2]·3 H2O}n （1, C（14）H8 O4 = 2,2＇-biphenyldicarboxylate, phen = 1,10-phenanthroline）, has been obtained by means of a mixed-solvothermal method using ethylene glycol and water as solvent. The compound was characterized by elemental analysis, energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy（EDS）, IR spectrum and single-crystal X-ray diffraction. The results reveal that 1 belongs to monoclinic system, space group C2/c with a = 24.249（3）, b = 12.069（48）, c = 22.7304（08） A, β = 113.480（7）°, Z = 4, V = 6102（2） A3, Dc = 1.462 g·cm^-3, F（000） = 2728, μ = 1.968 mm（-1）, the final R = 0.0673, w R = 0.1508 and S = 1.085. Its structure can be regarded as a 1-D coordination polymer constructed by Y^3＋ cations, 2,2A-biphenyldicarboxylate, 1,10-phenanthroline and water molecules. The compound not only contains two kinds of organic ligands, but also exhibits interesting wave-like infinite chains and 18-MR windows with the diameter of 4.070（7）A × 5.326（9）A. The structure is further stabilized by means of O–H…O hydrogen bonds and π-π stacking interactions. Furthermore, the luminescent properties（including emission spectrum, CIE chromaticity coordinate and decay curve） of 1 were also investigated in the solid-state at room temperature.展开更多
This paper took the buyer-biased electronic market as an example, where multiple suppliers selling short-life-cycle products are bidding for an order from a powerful buyer with stochastic customer demand. It used a si...This paper took the buyer-biased electronic market as an example, where multiple suppliers selling short-life-cycle products are bidding for an order from a powerful buyer with stochastic customer demand. It used a single period newsvendor model to analyze the decision of supplied and buyers to do or not do business online. The results suggest that lack of Incentive is the key factor of B2B electronic markets failure. At the same time, it designed a revenue sharing contract to coordinate the E-supply chain in order to prevent failure of E-market.展开更多
A new AgO） coordination polymer, {[Ag（1,3-BIP）（H20）][Ag（1,3- BIP）（PMA）0.5.- 4H20}n （PMA = 1,2,4,5-benzenetricarboxylic acid, 1,3-BIP = 1,3-bis（imidazole）propane）, have been synthesized and characterized b...A new AgO） coordination polymer, {[Ag（1,3-BIP）（H20）][Ag（1,3- BIP）（PMA）0.5.- 4H20}n （PMA = 1,2,4,5-benzenetricarboxylic acid, 1,3-BIP = 1,3-bis（imidazole）propane）, have been synthesized and characterized by single-crystal X-ray diffraction, powder XRD, FTIR, TGA and elemental analysis techniques. The single-crystal X-ray diffraction reveals that the title complex is formed by 1D polymeric cationic chains of [Ag（1,3-BIP）（H2O）]n^n＋ and 2D polymetric anionic layer of [Ag（1,3-BIP）（PMA）0.5]n^n-, which are further linked by intermolecular H-bonding to form a 3D supramolecular framework. In addition, the photoluminescence property of the title complex in the solid state at room temperature was also investigated.展开更多
A new 2D Ca（II） coordination polymer, [Ca（H2btc）（H20）2]n （1, H4btc = biphenyl- 3,3＇,5,5＇-tetracarboxylic acid）, has been synthesized using the hydrothermal method and cha- racterized by single-crystal X-ray ...A new 2D Ca（II） coordination polymer, [Ca（H2btc）（H20）2]n （1, H4btc = biphenyl- 3,3＇,5,5＇-tetracarboxylic acid）, has been synthesized using the hydrothermal method and cha- racterized by single-crystal X-ray diffraction, elemental analysis, IR, thermogravimetric analysis, and photoluminescent analysis. Complex 1 crystallizes in the monoclinic system, space group C2/c with a = 17.5676（15）, b = 11.4496（8）, c = 7.6197（8） A,β= 102.787（2）°, V= 1494.6（2） A3, Z = 4, Dc = 1.797 Mg·m-3,μ= 0.483 mm-1, F（000） = 832, the final R = 0.0348 and wR = 0.0915 for 1521 observed reflections with I 〉 2a（I）. Complex 1 has a 2D network containing 1D calcium-oxygen chains. These 2D networks are further connected by O-H……O hydrogen bonding interactions to generate a 3D supramolecular structure.展开更多
Two novel coordination polymers with helical chains, {[Zn（L）（H2O）]·H2O}n（1） and {[Zn（L）（p-bix）]·3.5H2O}n（2）, where H2 L = 5-（4-hydroxypyridinium-1-ylmethyl） isophthalic acid and p-bix = 1,4-bis...Two novel coordination polymers with helical chains, {[Zn（L）（H2O）]·H2O}n（1） and {[Zn（L）（p-bix）]·3.5H2O}n（2）, where H2 L = 5-（4-hydroxypyridinium-1-ylmethyl） isophthalic acid and p-bix = 1,4-bis（imidazol-1-ylmethyl）benzene, have been hydrothermally synthesized, and charac-terized by elemental analysis, powder X-ray diffraction（PXRD）, IR, thermal gravimetric analyses（TGA） and also by single-crystal X-ray diffraction. Both complexes 1 and 2 crystallize inmonoclinic, space group P21/c. Compound 1 displays a two-dimensional（2D） structure with two distinct types of helical chains; 2 shows a layered coordination polymer with two types of helical chains and features an interesting 2D→3D interdigitated architecture. Meanwhile, the luminescent properties of 1 and 2 have also been investigated in detail.展开更多
The reaction of zinc carbonate with o-phthalic acid and imidazole in an aqueous-alcohol solution led to the formation of colorless crystals of [Zn(-phth)(imi)2]∞. Single-crystal X-ray analysis has revealed that the c...The reaction of zinc carbonate with o-phthalic acid and imidazole in an aqueous-alcohol solution led to the formation of colorless crystals of [Zn(-phth)(imi)2]∞. Single-crystal X-ray analysis has revealed that the complex crystallizes in a monoclinic system, space group Pn with a = 8.394(2), b = 9.976(3), c = 9.959(3) ? ?= 104.409(4)? V = 807.6(4) ?, Z = 2, C14H12N4O4Zn, Mr = 365.65, Dc = 1.504 g/cm3, ?= 1.544 mm-1, F(000) = 372, the final R = 0.0466 and wR = 0.1171 for 1834 reflections with I >2(I). The complex displays a zigzag infinite chain structure in which each zinc (Ⅱ) center is coordinated by two oxygen atoms and two nitrogen atoms to generate a ZnN2O2 distorted tetrahedral geometry. The neighboring zinc atoms are bridged by the o-phthalate ligand. Each chain is linked by hydrogen bonds with its neighbors to form a three-dimensional coordination polymer.展开更多
A complex of silver nitrate with 1.8-bis（8’-quinolyloxy）-3.6-dioxaoctane （noted as ligand L） was synthesized. The results of element analysis show that it consists of the calculated values of [Ag<sub>4</...A complex of silver nitrate with 1.8-bis（8’-quinolyloxy）-3.6-dioxaoctane （noted as ligand L） was synthesized. The results of element analysis show that it consists of the calculated values of [Ag<sub>4</sub>L<sub>3</sub>]（NO<sub>3</sub>）<sub>4</sub>. It is clear from the IR, UV and ’HNMR spectra that the ligand L coordinated to Ag<sup>+</sup> ion with its N and 0 atoms which connected with the terminal quinolyloxy group.展开更多
This study is designed to solve supply chain inefficiencies caused by some members’financial problems,such as capital shortages and financing restrictions in a stochastic environment.To this end,we have established a...This study is designed to solve supply chain inefficiencies caused by some members’financial problems,such as capital shortages and financing restrictions in a stochastic environment.To this end,we have established a supply chain finance framework by designing two novel coordinating contracts based on trade credit financing for different problem settings.These contracts are modeled in the form of multi-leader Stackelberg games that address horizontal and vertical competition in a supply chain consisting of multiple suppliers and a financially constrained manufacturer.However,previous studies in the trade credit literature have addressed only simple vertical competition,that is,seller-buyer competition.To solve the proposed models,two algorithms were developed by combining population-based metaheuristics,the Nash-domination concept,and the Nikaido-Isoda function.The results demonstrate that the proposed supply chain finance framework can eliminate supply chain inefficiencies and make a large profit for suppliers,as well as the financially constrained manufacturer.Furthermore,the results of the contracts’analysis showed that if the manufacturer is required to settle its payments to suppliers before the end of the period,the trade credit contract cannot coordinate the supply chain because of a lack of incentive for suppliers.However,if the manufacturer is allowed to extend its payments to the end of the period,the proposed trade credit financing contract can coordinate the supply chain.Finally,the sensitivity analysis results indicate that the worse the financial status of the manufacturer,the more bargaining power suppliers have in determining the contract parameters for more profit.展开更多
文摘To explore the impact of partial centralization on supply chain performance,this study constructs a two-period game model of a closed-loop supply chain involving a manufacturer and an online retail platform participating in the trade-in strategy.Through mathematical modeling and numerical simulation methods,the optimal decisions were analyzed under conditions where the manufacturer partially owns the retail platform’s partial equity.This study finds that partial centralization yields the highest profits,followed by full centralization,with decentralized decisions yielding the lowest profits.Moderate centralization enhances overall profits by optimizing incentive mechanisms,whereas excessive ownership concentration reduces the flexibility of the retail platform,leading to a decline in profits.Additionally,product durability and trade-in subsidy significantly influence supply chain profitability:high-durability products reduce renewal frequency,while trade-in subsidy effectively stimulates consumer demand and increase overall profits.This study provides theoretical support and practical guidance for companies implementing the trade-in strategy.
基金supported by the Key Fund Project for Youth Innovation of USTC(WK2040000042).
文摘Unlike the traditional decentralized channel,the drop-shipping channel entails a retailer relaying consumers’orders to the manufacturer,which proceeds to stock the orders and directly ship them to the consumers.This study explores supply chain coordination and product quality in drop-shipping and traditional channels.Specifically,we analyze the performance of both channels under wholesale price and revenue-sharing contracts.Our study yields several key findings.First,the revenue-sharing contract can coordinate both traditional and drop-shipping channels,effectively increasing supply chain performance.Second,given the channel structure,the retailer prefers the wholesale price contract,whereas the manufacturer prefers the revenue-sharing contract.Third,product quality is higher in the drop-shipping channel when demand uncertainty is high.Finally,the implementation of the revenue-sharing contract increases product quality in the traditional channel,whereas it keeps product quality unchanged in the drop-shipping channel.
文摘The competition and cooperation between traditional telecom operators and resale operators in the supply chain are discussed, when the telecom industry developed telecommunication resale service. Supply chain contract is an effective way to coordinate the supply chain. This paper analyzes the revenue-sharing contract between telecom operators and resale operators. The study shows that by setting up a rational revenue-sharing ratio and wholesale price, a revenue-sharing contract can coordinate this supply chain, and telecom operators and resale operators can achieve a 'win-win' solution.
基金The National Natural Science Foundation of China(No70671021)Jiangsu Postdoctoral Foundation (No0601015C)
文摘A two-level supply chain model involving one supplier and one retailer with linear demand is developed, and supply chain coordination mechanisms under asymmetric information （the retailer＇ s cost structure is asymmetric information） are proposed by employing game theory in two scenarios： coordination mechanisms under asymmetric information in a regular scenario （without disruption）; and coordination mechanisms under asymmetric information in an irregular scenario （ with retailer cost disruptions）. It is optimal for the supply chain to maintain the original production plan and to guarantee a steadily running system if variations of retailer costs are sufficiently low and do not exceed an upper bound. This shows that the original production plan has certain robustness under disruptions. Decisions must be re-made if a retailer＇ s cost change is greater and exceeds an upper bound. Impacts of retailer cost disruptions on the order quantity, the retail price, the wholesale price and each party＇ s as well as the system＇ s expected profits are investigated through numerical analyses.
文摘To align customer demand with suppliers for reducing work in process and supply costs and increasing re sp onsiveness to customer requirements, a real time collaborative supply chain mana gement system is essential. A solution to the realization of supply chain manage ment capable of timely responding to customer requirements is proposed. Workflow automation is used to manage process interaction across enterprises; Agents can be automatically invoked by supply chain workflow process and are used to pro mote the flexibility and reconfigurability by providing the mechanism in support of distributed compution in an enterprises to meet the requirements of performa nce and business dynamics. An approach that supports agent based workflow proce ss in a supply chain is proposed. And the coordination mechanism between agents is also discussed.
基金The National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.70671025)the National Key Technology R&D Program of China during the 11th Five-Year Plan Period(No.2006BAH02A06)
文摘Considering participators' risk bias,which is measured by the method of value at risk,the risk constraints in a two-echelon supply chain coordination under buy-back contract is equal to giving the order of an upper bound.With a risk-averse dominant enterprise(M)and a risk-neutral non-dominant one(R),the coordination which optimizes the supply chain under the risk constraints is achieved by a penalty mechanism L to reduce R's order.With risk-neutral M and risk-averse R,M can motivate R to increase his order by providing a risk subsidy K,and two cases are discussed.If the risk constraints of R cannot satisfy M's participation constraint to offer K,M will prefer to accept R's order to obtain a sub-optimization solution of the supply chain.Or else,with M's K,R's optimal order just coordinates the supply chain,which is equal to the case without risk bias,and in this situation R's risk bias only affects the profit distribution between the participators.
基金This research was supported by National Science Foundation of China (60274048)
文摘The coordination problem of a supply chain comprising one supplier and one retailer under market demand disruption is studied in this article. A novel exponential demand function is adopted, and the penalty cost is introduced explicitly to capture the deviation production cost caused by the market demand disruption. The optimal strategies are obtained for different disruption scale under the centralized mode. For the decentralized mode, it is proved that the supply chain can be fully coordinated by adjusting the price discount policy appropriately when disruption occurs. Furthermore, the authors point out that similar results can be established for more general demand functions that represent different market circumstances if certain assumptions are satisfied.
基金supported by the Science and Technology Project of Zhejiang Province (2009C110262009C35007)
文摘In supply chain management,an important research direction is to coordinate the supply chain through introducing flexible contracts.A supply chain contract is flexible if it can satisfy two conditions at the same time：the supply chain is coordinated,and the total profit of the supply chain can be arbitrarily divided between the supply chain members.This paper puts out two contracts,a flexible return contract and a flexible wholesale price discount contract.In contrast to many of literature,the supply chain contracts with an endogenous wholesale price is specifically considered,and a detailed sensitivity analysis of the contract parameters is given.The paper also discusses the application of the contract in vendor-managed inventory（VMI） mode.The results show that the supply chain＇s performance is improved after introducing above contracts.All the findings are illustrated by numerical examples.
文摘This paper investigates the problem of how to handling demand disruptions ina one-supplier-one-retailer supply chain,where production cost is a convex function of productionquantity andprice-demand relationship is linear.Our results show that,ifdemand is disrupted,underthe new price-demand relationship,all-unit wholesale quantity discount policies combiningcapacitated linear pricingpolicies can also fully coordinate the supply chain.
基金the National Social Science Foundation of China(No.11CGL031)the China Scholarship Foundation(No.201208310194)+1 种基金the Shanghai Normal University Outstanding Teacher Project(No.B-6001-12-309013)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.71371139 and 71471117)
文摘Supply chain finance(SCF) is concerned because of its service efficiency for the real economy. Beside the bank, some enterprises have provided the SCF service. E-commerce platform firms develop small and micro loan system in China. A given small enterprise can apply for a loan through its platform. Based on the latest SCF developments and the relevant literature, this study focuses on the coordination mechanism of SCF. We construct a game theory model including supplier, retailer and financial service provider to analyze the decision making of them. We find the optimal solution to the supplier, retailer and financial service provider.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China (60374023)the Natural ScienceFoundation of Guangdong Province (011629).
文摘The research of cluster supply chains is a new direction and a hotspot of the industrial cluster theory. On the condition of the coordination game, the enterprises may be stuck on the non-efficient equilibrium status, which becomes an important problem that must be considered on cluster supply chains. A symmetrical coordination game model is constituted to describe the competition and cooperation relationship of the same-quality manufacturers on cluster supply chains. The methods of the non-cooperation game theory and the evolutionary game theory are respectively used to analyze the model, whose parameters＇ influences under each method are then compared. It can be concluded that the analysis of the evolutionary game theory is more realistic and practical. Finally, three approaches are considered to break away from being path-dependence locked-in non-efficient status during this coordination game evolutionary process, which provide the development of cluster supply chains with an effective forecasting and Pareto optimizing method.
基金supported by Research Start Fund of Northwest A&F University and Youth Fund of Communication University of China under Grant No.XNG1035partly performed in the project"On-line Multi-attribute Procurement Auction Mechanism Design and Multi-agent System Implementation"supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant No.71001009
文摘In order to study supply chain of the telecom value-added service,a multi-leaders and multi-followers Stackelberg game model with multiple telecom operators and multiple service providers whose income is composed of information fee division and advertisement was constructed.Then a demonstration was simulated,and the results were compared with the situation of service providers' income only from information fee division.The simulated and compared results indicate that,the enterprises in the supply chain have the nature of pursuing the maximum profits in capital markets;meanwhile,first-mover advantages and some enterprise can get more profits with the information asymmetry.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.21601095)the Youth Project of Nanyang Normal University(No.QN2017065)the Opening Laboratory Project of Nanyang Normal University(No.SYKF2016075)
文摘A new dinuclear Y（3＋） coordination polymer{[Y2（H2O）2（C（14）H8O4）3（C（12）H8N2）2]·3 H2O}n （1, C（14）H8 O4 = 2,2＇-biphenyldicarboxylate, phen = 1,10-phenanthroline）, has been obtained by means of a mixed-solvothermal method using ethylene glycol and water as solvent. The compound was characterized by elemental analysis, energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy（EDS）, IR spectrum and single-crystal X-ray diffraction. The results reveal that 1 belongs to monoclinic system, space group C2/c with a = 24.249（3）, b = 12.069（48）, c = 22.7304（08） A, β = 113.480（7）°, Z = 4, V = 6102（2） A3, Dc = 1.462 g·cm^-3, F（000） = 2728, μ = 1.968 mm（-1）, the final R = 0.0673, w R = 0.1508 and S = 1.085. Its structure can be regarded as a 1-D coordination polymer constructed by Y^3＋ cations, 2,2A-biphenyldicarboxylate, 1,10-phenanthroline and water molecules. The compound not only contains two kinds of organic ligands, but also exhibits interesting wave-like infinite chains and 18-MR windows with the diameter of 4.070（7）A × 5.326（9）A. The structure is further stabilized by means of O–H…O hydrogen bonds and π-π stacking interactions. Furthermore, the luminescent properties（including emission spectrum, CIE chromaticity coordinate and decay curve） of 1 were also investigated in the solid-state at room temperature.
文摘This paper took the buyer-biased electronic market as an example, where multiple suppliers selling short-life-cycle products are bidding for an order from a powerful buyer with stochastic customer demand. It used a single period newsvendor model to analyze the decision of supplied and buyers to do or not do business online. The results suggest that lack of Incentive is the key factor of B2B electronic markets failure. At the same time, it designed a revenue sharing contract to coordinate the E-supply chain in order to prevent failure of E-market.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.21373132)the Science Foundation of Shaanxi University of Technology(No.SLGKY-36)
文摘A new AgO） coordination polymer, {[Ag（1,3-BIP）（H20）][Ag（1,3- BIP）（PMA）0.5.- 4H20}n （PMA = 1,2,4,5-benzenetricarboxylic acid, 1,3-BIP = 1,3-bis（imidazole）propane）, have been synthesized and characterized by single-crystal X-ray diffraction, powder XRD, FTIR, TGA and elemental analysis techniques. The single-crystal X-ray diffraction reveals that the title complex is formed by 1D polymeric cationic chains of [Ag（1,3-BIP）（H2O）]n^n＋ and 2D polymetric anionic layer of [Ag（1,3-BIP）（PMA）0.5]n^n-, which are further linked by intermolecular H-bonding to form a 3D supramolecular framework. In addition, the photoluminescence property of the title complex in the solid state at room temperature was also investigated.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.21373178)the Natural Scientific Research Foundation of Shaanxi Provincial Education Office of China(No.13JS124)
文摘A new 2D Ca（II） coordination polymer, [Ca（H2btc）（H20）2]n （1, H4btc = biphenyl- 3,3＇,5,5＇-tetracarboxylic acid）, has been synthesized using the hydrothermal method and cha- racterized by single-crystal X-ray diffraction, elemental analysis, IR, thermogravimetric analysis, and photoluminescent analysis. Complex 1 crystallizes in the monoclinic system, space group C2/c with a = 17.5676（15）, b = 11.4496（8）, c = 7.6197（8） A,β= 102.787（2）°, V= 1494.6（2） A3, Z = 4, Dc = 1.797 Mg·m-3,μ= 0.483 mm-1, F（000） = 832, the final R = 0.0348 and wR = 0.0915 for 1521 observed reflections with I 〉 2a（I）. Complex 1 has a 2D network containing 1D calcium-oxygen chains. These 2D networks are further connected by O-H……O hydrogen bonding interactions to generate a 3D supramolecular structure.
基金supported by Education Chamber of Henan Province(No.15A150068)
文摘Two novel coordination polymers with helical chains, {[Zn（L）（H2O）]·H2O}n（1） and {[Zn（L）（p-bix）]·3.5H2O}n（2）, where H2 L = 5-（4-hydroxypyridinium-1-ylmethyl） isophthalic acid and p-bix = 1,4-bis（imidazol-1-ylmethyl）benzene, have been hydrothermally synthesized, and charac-terized by elemental analysis, powder X-ray diffraction（PXRD）, IR, thermal gravimetric analyses（TGA） and also by single-crystal X-ray diffraction. Both complexes 1 and 2 crystallize inmonoclinic, space group P21/c. Compound 1 displays a two-dimensional（2D） structure with two distinct types of helical chains; 2 shows a layered coordination polymer with two types of helical chains and features an interesting 2D→3D interdigitated architecture. Meanwhile, the luminescent properties of 1 and 2 have also been investigated in detail.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (29872037) and the Natural Science Foundation of Fujian province (C0120002)
文摘The reaction of zinc carbonate with o-phthalic acid and imidazole in an aqueous-alcohol solution led to the formation of colorless crystals of [Zn(-phth)(imi)2]∞. Single-crystal X-ray analysis has revealed that the complex crystallizes in a monoclinic system, space group Pn with a = 8.394(2), b = 9.976(3), c = 9.959(3) ? ?= 104.409(4)? V = 807.6(4) ?, Z = 2, C14H12N4O4Zn, Mr = 365.65, Dc = 1.504 g/cm3, ?= 1.544 mm-1, F(000) = 372, the final R = 0.0466 and wR = 0.1171 for 1834 reflections with I >2(I). The complex displays a zigzag infinite chain structure in which each zinc (Ⅱ) center is coordinated by two oxygen atoms and two nitrogen atoms to generate a ZnN2O2 distorted tetrahedral geometry. The neighboring zinc atoms are bridged by the o-phthalate ligand. Each chain is linked by hydrogen bonds with its neighbors to form a three-dimensional coordination polymer.
基金The project supported by the Natural Science Foundation of both Jiangxi and Zhejiang Provinces
文摘A complex of silver nitrate with 1.8-bis（8’-quinolyloxy）-3.6-dioxaoctane （noted as ligand L） was synthesized. The results of element analysis show that it consists of the calculated values of [Ag<sub>4</sub>L<sub>3</sub>]（NO<sub>3</sub>）<sub>4</sub>. It is clear from the IR, UV and ’HNMR spectra that the ligand L coordinated to Ag<sup>+</sup> ion with its N and 0 atoms which connected with the terminal quinolyloxy group.
文摘This study is designed to solve supply chain inefficiencies caused by some members’financial problems,such as capital shortages and financing restrictions in a stochastic environment.To this end,we have established a supply chain finance framework by designing two novel coordinating contracts based on trade credit financing for different problem settings.These contracts are modeled in the form of multi-leader Stackelberg games that address horizontal and vertical competition in a supply chain consisting of multiple suppliers and a financially constrained manufacturer.However,previous studies in the trade credit literature have addressed only simple vertical competition,that is,seller-buyer competition.To solve the proposed models,two algorithms were developed by combining population-based metaheuristics,the Nash-domination concept,and the Nikaido-Isoda function.The results demonstrate that the proposed supply chain finance framework can eliminate supply chain inefficiencies and make a large profit for suppliers,as well as the financially constrained manufacturer.Furthermore,the results of the contracts’analysis showed that if the manufacturer is required to settle its payments to suppliers before the end of the period,the trade credit contract cannot coordinate the supply chain because of a lack of incentive for suppliers.However,if the manufacturer is allowed to extend its payments to the end of the period,the proposed trade credit financing contract can coordinate the supply chain.Finally,the sensitivity analysis results indicate that the worse the financial status of the manufacturer,the more bargaining power suppliers have in determining the contract parameters for more profit.
