Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD) is the most common cause of chronic liver disease. NAFLD includes a wide spectrum of liver conditions ranging from simple steatosis to nonalcoholic steatohepatitis and advanced ...Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD) is the most common cause of chronic liver disease. NAFLD includes a wide spectrum of liver conditions ranging from simple steatosis to nonalcoholic steatohepatitis and advanced hepatic fibrosis. NAFLD has been recognized as a hepatic manifestation of metabolic syndrome linked with insulin resistance. NAFLD should be considered not only a liver specific disease but also an early mediator of systemic diseases. Therefore, NAFLD is usually associated with cardiovascular disease, chronic kidney disease, type 2 diabetes, obesity, and dyslipidemia. NAFLD is highly prevalent in the general population and is associated with increased cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. The underlying mechanisms and pathogenesis of NAFLD with regard to other medical disorders are not yet fully understood. This review focuses on pathogenesis of NAFLD and its relation with other systemic diseases.展开更多
Children are infected with Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), but they are asymptomatic or suffer a mild disease compared to adults. However, the post-infectious immune dysregulation may res...Children are infected with Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), but they are asymptomatic or suffer a mild disease compared to adults. However, the post-infectious immune dysregulation may result in the Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Children (MIS-C). The most common presentations of MIS are fever, gastrointestinal (diarrhea, vomiting, abdominal pain), cardiovascular, mucocutaneous (rash, mucus membrane changes, conjunctival injection), respiratory (including sore throat), headache, limb and periorbital edema, and elevated inflammation markers. Some clinical and laboratory features of MIS-C are similar to other systemic diseases of childhood as Kawasaki disease and Toxic Shock Syndrome. Here are reported three cases in children with MIS-C, Kawasaki disease and Toxic Shock Syndrome to highlight the similarities and differences of these diseases.展开更多
This contribution discusses the concept of Reliability-Adaptive Systems （RAS） to multi-system operation. A fleet of independently operating systems and a single maintenance unit axe considered. It is the objective i...This contribution discusses the concept of Reliability-Adaptive Systems （RAS） to multi-system operation. A fleet of independently operating systems and a single maintenance unit axe considered. It is the objective in this paper to increase overall performance or workload respectively by avoiding delay due to busy maintenance units. This is achieved by concerted and coordinated derating of individual system performance, which increases reliability. Quantification is carried out by way of a convolution-based approach. The approach is tailored to fleets of ships, aeroplanes, spacecraft, and vehicles （trains, trams, buses, cars, trucks, etc.） - Finally, the effectiveness of derating is validated using different criteria. The RAS concept makes sense if average system output loss due to lowered performance level （yielding longer time to failure） is smaller than average loss due to waiting for maintenance in a non-adaptive case.展开更多
This editorial is a commentary on the article by Ni et al,which was published in the World Journal of Clinical Cases.The article discusses the diagnostic and therapeutic challenges of melioidosis caused by Burkholderi...This editorial is a commentary on the article by Ni et al,which was published in the World Journal of Clinical Cases.The article discusses the diagnostic and therapeutic challenges of melioidosis caused by Burkholderia pseudomallei.The case study highlights a rare instance of multisystemic melioidosis in a female patient who did not have a travel history,emphasizing the significance of recognizing this condition in non-endemic regions.Diagnostic complexities and therapeutic strategies are addressed,emphasizing the need for heightened clinical suspicion,comprehensive evaluation,and multidisciplinary collaboration.The editorial delves into the clinical presentation,diagnostic dilemmas,therapeutic approaches,and their implications for patient care in managing multi-systemic melioidosis.展开更多
Empirical studies have shown a distinct relationship between academic performance and food insecurity in college students. Specifically, food-insecure students are more likely to report a lower grade point average tha...Empirical studies have shown a distinct relationship between academic performance and food insecurity in college students. Specifically, food-insecure students are more likely to report a lower grade point average than their food secure counterparts. Since the Great Recession, more attention has been given to the topic of hunger and food insecurity among college students;however, the literature still lacks a comprehensive examination of various issues facing today’s college students. Using a multi-systems life course (MSLC) perspective, this paper provides a conceptual explanation of the lived experience of college students by offering a better understanding of the unique challenges faced by this population. Findings from this study will assist researchers, practitioners, and university administrators in their efforts to address hunger among this population.展开更多
Hand,foot,and mouth disease(HFMD)is a prevalent infectious affliction primarily affecting children,with a small portion of cases progressing to neurological complications.Notably,in a subset of severe HFMD cases,neuro...Hand,foot,and mouth disease(HFMD)is a prevalent infectious affliction primarily affecting children,with a small portion of cases progressing to neurological complications.Notably,in a subset of severe HFMD cases,neurological manifestations may result in significant sequelae and pose a risk of mortality.We systematically conducted literature retrieval from the databases PubMed(1957–2023),Embase(1957–2023),and Web of Science(1957–2023),in addition to consulting authoritative guidelines.Subsequently,we rigorously selected the most relevant articles within the scope of this review for comprehensive analysis.It is widely recognized that the severity of HFMD is attributed to a multifaceted array of pathophysiological mechanisms.The implication of multi-system dysfunction appears to be perturbances of the human defense system;therefore,it contributes to the severity of HFMD.In this review,we provide an overview and analysis of recent insights into the molecular mechanisms contributing to the severity of HFMD,with a particular focus on cytokine release syndrome,the involvement of the renin-angiotensin system,regional immunity,endothelial dysfunction,catecholamine storm,viral invasion,and the molecular mechanisms of neurological damage.We speculate that the domino effect of diverse physiological systems,initiated by damage to the central nervous system,serve as the primary mechanisms governing the severity of HFMD.Simultaneously,we emphasize the knowledge gaps and research urgently required to delineate a quick roadmap for ongoing and essential studies on HFMD.展开更多
文摘Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD) is the most common cause of chronic liver disease. NAFLD includes a wide spectrum of liver conditions ranging from simple steatosis to nonalcoholic steatohepatitis and advanced hepatic fibrosis. NAFLD has been recognized as a hepatic manifestation of metabolic syndrome linked with insulin resistance. NAFLD should be considered not only a liver specific disease but also an early mediator of systemic diseases. Therefore, NAFLD is usually associated with cardiovascular disease, chronic kidney disease, type 2 diabetes, obesity, and dyslipidemia. NAFLD is highly prevalent in the general population and is associated with increased cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. The underlying mechanisms and pathogenesis of NAFLD with regard to other medical disorders are not yet fully understood. This review focuses on pathogenesis of NAFLD and its relation with other systemic diseases.
文摘Children are infected with Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), but they are asymptomatic or suffer a mild disease compared to adults. However, the post-infectious immune dysregulation may result in the Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Children (MIS-C). The most common presentations of MIS are fever, gastrointestinal (diarrhea, vomiting, abdominal pain), cardiovascular, mucocutaneous (rash, mucus membrane changes, conjunctival injection), respiratory (including sore throat), headache, limb and periorbital edema, and elevated inflammation markers. Some clinical and laboratory features of MIS-C are similar to other systemic diseases of childhood as Kawasaki disease and Toxic Shock Syndrome. Here are reported three cases in children with MIS-C, Kawasaki disease and Toxic Shock Syndrome to highlight the similarities and differences of these diseases.
文摘This contribution discusses the concept of Reliability-Adaptive Systems （RAS） to multi-system operation. A fleet of independently operating systems and a single maintenance unit axe considered. It is the objective in this paper to increase overall performance or workload respectively by avoiding delay due to busy maintenance units. This is achieved by concerted and coordinated derating of individual system performance, which increases reliability. Quantification is carried out by way of a convolution-based approach. The approach is tailored to fleets of ships, aeroplanes, spacecraft, and vehicles （trains, trams, buses, cars, trucks, etc.） - Finally, the effectiveness of derating is validated using different criteria. The RAS concept makes sense if average system output loss due to lowered performance level （yielding longer time to failure） is smaller than average loss due to waiting for maintenance in a non-adaptive case.
文摘This editorial is a commentary on the article by Ni et al,which was published in the World Journal of Clinical Cases.The article discusses the diagnostic and therapeutic challenges of melioidosis caused by Burkholderia pseudomallei.The case study highlights a rare instance of multisystemic melioidosis in a female patient who did not have a travel history,emphasizing the significance of recognizing this condition in non-endemic regions.Diagnostic complexities and therapeutic strategies are addressed,emphasizing the need for heightened clinical suspicion,comprehensive evaluation,and multidisciplinary collaboration.The editorial delves into the clinical presentation,diagnostic dilemmas,therapeutic approaches,and their implications for patient care in managing multi-systemic melioidosis.
文摘Empirical studies have shown a distinct relationship between academic performance and food insecurity in college students. Specifically, food-insecure students are more likely to report a lower grade point average than their food secure counterparts. Since the Great Recession, more attention has been given to the topic of hunger and food insecurity among college students;however, the literature still lacks a comprehensive examination of various issues facing today’s college students. Using a multi-systems life course (MSLC) perspective, this paper provides a conceptual explanation of the lived experience of college students by offering a better understanding of the unique challenges faced by this population. Findings from this study will assist researchers, practitioners, and university administrators in their efforts to address hunger among this population.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(YJ.,No.82002147 and No.82372229,GD.,No.82273695,and SC.,No.82073618)China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(YJ.,No.2024T170246 and No.2024M750815)+2 种基金Open Research Fund of National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Birth Defects Prevention&Henan Key Laboratory of Population Defects Prevention(YJ.,No.ZD202301)Open Grant from the Pingyuan Laboratory(YJ.,No.2023PY-OP-0202)Open Project of Henan Province Engineering Research Center of Diagnosis and Treatment of Pediatric Infection and Critical Care(YJ.,No.ERC202302)。
文摘Hand,foot,and mouth disease(HFMD)is a prevalent infectious affliction primarily affecting children,with a small portion of cases progressing to neurological complications.Notably,in a subset of severe HFMD cases,neurological manifestations may result in significant sequelae and pose a risk of mortality.We systematically conducted literature retrieval from the databases PubMed(1957–2023),Embase(1957–2023),and Web of Science(1957–2023),in addition to consulting authoritative guidelines.Subsequently,we rigorously selected the most relevant articles within the scope of this review for comprehensive analysis.It is widely recognized that the severity of HFMD is attributed to a multifaceted array of pathophysiological mechanisms.The implication of multi-system dysfunction appears to be perturbances of the human defense system;therefore,it contributes to the severity of HFMD.In this review,we provide an overview and analysis of recent insights into the molecular mechanisms contributing to the severity of HFMD,with a particular focus on cytokine release syndrome,the involvement of the renin-angiotensin system,regional immunity,endothelial dysfunction,catecholamine storm,viral invasion,and the molecular mechanisms of neurological damage.We speculate that the domino effect of diverse physiological systems,initiated by damage to the central nervous system,serve as the primary mechanisms governing the severity of HFMD.Simultaneously,we emphasize the knowledge gaps and research urgently required to delineate a quick roadmap for ongoing and essential studies on HFMD.
