Distribution networks denote important public infrastructure necessary for people’s livelihoods.However,extreme natural disasters,such as earthquakes,typhoons,and mudslides,severely threaten the safe and stable opera...Distribution networks denote important public infrastructure necessary for people’s livelihoods.However,extreme natural disasters,such as earthquakes,typhoons,and mudslides,severely threaten the safe and stable operation of distribution networks and power supplies needed for daily life.Therefore,considering the requirements for distribution network disaster prevention and mitigation,there is an urgent need for in-depth research on risk assessment methods of distribution networks under extreme natural disaster conditions.This paper accessesmultisource data,presents the data quality improvement methods of distribution networks,and conducts data-driven active fault diagnosis and disaster damage analysis and evaluation using data-driven theory.Furthermore,the paper realizes real-time,accurate access to distribution network disaster information.The proposed approach performs an accurate and rapid assessment of cross-sectional risk through case study.The minimal average annual outage time can be reduced to 3 h/a in the ring network through case study.The approach proposed in this paper can provide technical support to the further improvement of the ability of distribution networks to cope with extreme natural disasters.展开更多
The used water for human consumption must be free of microorganisms and chemicals that cause risk in the human health. In this study, water quality of 18 rural area of Abarkouh was determined and compared the conventi...The used water for human consumption must be free of microorganisms and chemicals that cause risk in the human health. In this study, water quality of 18 rural area of Abarkouh was determined and compared the conventional monitoring method (According to ISIR (Institute of Standards and Industrial Research of Iran), 1053 and 4208) and use of electronic system method (Patent in industrial property general office of Iran, 77815). Free chlorine monitoring and pH test done by health workers in the conventional method and the results will be sent to the Health Network monthly. Sampling for microbiological testing is done monthly based on population (According to ISIR, 4208). On the electronic system, the procedure is also done by health workers, but the result will be sent to the receiver device by using a cell phone. According to the chlorine test results if the free chlorine residual reported zero, microbiological sampling was done by a health expert. Finally, the number of chlorine test and microbiological sampling and the results of these experiments collected in the both methods and recorded in SPSS 22 then were analyzed by using chi-square test and Fisher exact test. The result of microbiological experiments shows that the sampling rate decreased 29% in using of electronic system method in comparison to the conventional monitoring method while the number of microbial defect detection increased 19% in drinking water networks monitoring by electronic system. Using of electronic system monitoring can reduce the rate and cost of microbiological sampling and its experiments and increase accuracy of these tests, in this way it will increase the quality and safety of drinking water in distribution network in small and dispersed rural communities.展开更多
In order to improve the voltage quality of rural power distribution network, the series capacitor in distribution lines is proposed. The principle of series capacitor compensation technology to improve the quality of ...In order to improve the voltage quality of rural power distribution network, the series capacitor in distribution lines is proposed. The principle of series capacitor compensation technology to improve the quality of rural power distribution lines voltage is analyzed. The real rural power distribution network simulation model is established by Power System Power System Analysis Software Package (PSASP). Simulation analysis the effect of series capacitor compensation technology to improve the voltage quality of rural power distribution network, The simulation results show that the series capacitor compensation can effectively improve the voltage quality and reduce network losses and improve the transmission capacity of rural power distribution network.展开更多
Traditional seawater desalination requires high amounts of energy, with correspondingly high costs and limited benefits, hindering wider applications of the process. To further improve the comprehensive economic benef...Traditional seawater desalination requires high amounts of energy, with correspondingly high costs and limited benefits, hindering wider applications of the process. To further improve the comprehensive economic benefits of seawater desalination, the desalination load can be combined with renewable energy sources such as solar energy, wind energy, and ocean energy or with the power grid to ensure its effective regulation. Utilizing energy internet(EI) technology, energy balance demand of the regional power grid, and coordinated control between coastal multi-source multi-load and regional distribution network with desalination load is reviewed herein. Several key technologies, including coordinated control of coastal multi-source multi-load system with seawater desalination load, flexible interaction between seawater desalination and regional distribution network, and combined control of coastal multi-source multi-load storage system with seawater desalination load, are discussed in detail. Adoption of the flexible interaction between seawater desalination and regional distribution networks is beneficial for solving water resource problems, improving the ability to dissipate distributed renewable energy, balancing and increasing grid loads, improving the safety and economy of coastal power grids, and achieving coordinated and comprehensive application of power grids, renewable energy sources, and coastal loads.展开更多
The volatile and intermittent nature of distributed generators(DGs) in active distribution networks(ADNs) increases the uncertainty of operating states. The introduction of distribution phasor measurement units(D-PMUs...The volatile and intermittent nature of distributed generators(DGs) in active distribution networks(ADNs) increases the uncertainty of operating states. The introduction of distribution phasor measurement units(D-PMUs) enhances the monitoring level. The trade-offs of computational performance and robustness of state estimation in monitoring the network states are of great significance for ADNs with D-PMUs and DGs. This paper proposes a second-order cone programming(SOCP) based robust state estimation(RSE) method considering multi-source measurements. Firstly, a linearized state estimation model related to the SOCP state variables is formulated. The phase angle measurements of D-PMUs are converted to equivalent power measurements. Then, a revised SOCP-based RSE method with the weighted least absolute value estimator is proposed to enhance the convergence and bad data identification. Multi-time slots of D-PMU measurements are utilized to improve the estimation accuracy of RSE. Finally, the effectiveness of the proposed method is illustrated in the modified IEEE 33-node and IEEE 123-node systems.展开更多
近年来,洪水、台风等极端灾害的频率和强度显著增加,给网架结构相对薄弱的农村配电网(distribution network,DN)造成了严重影响,导致出现大范围、长时间的停电现象。针对农村地区远离电源、供电半径长和负荷分布分散等特点,在重要农村...近年来,洪水、台风等极端灾害的频率和强度显著增加,给网架结构相对薄弱的农村配电网(distribution network,DN)造成了严重影响,导致出现大范围、长时间的停电现象。针对农村地区远离电源、供电半径长和负荷分布分散等特点,在重要农村用户区域利用分布式电源、移动储能(mobile energy storage,MES)等部署微电网(microgrid,MG),是提升农村电网韧性的有效手段。为此,本文构建一种配电网与微电网协同的两阶段优化模型。在灾前阶段,通过预防布置移动储能,保障局部重要用户的应急供电;在灾后阶段,构建考虑移动储能和施工队的恢复资源调度模型。同时,考虑资源调度与电网运行的差异性,将该模型构建为双层混合整数线性优化问题,并利用列与约束生成(column and constraint generation,C&CG)法迭代求解,得到灾前和灾后两阶段的配-微电网协同优化运行策略。算例表明,该方法能够在极端灾害下有效保障农村负荷的持续供电,显著缩短供电恢复时间,从而大幅提升农村电网韧性。展开更多
文摘Distribution networks denote important public infrastructure necessary for people’s livelihoods.However,extreme natural disasters,such as earthquakes,typhoons,and mudslides,severely threaten the safe and stable operation of distribution networks and power supplies needed for daily life.Therefore,considering the requirements for distribution network disaster prevention and mitigation,there is an urgent need for in-depth research on risk assessment methods of distribution networks under extreme natural disaster conditions.This paper accessesmultisource data,presents the data quality improvement methods of distribution networks,and conducts data-driven active fault diagnosis and disaster damage analysis and evaluation using data-driven theory.Furthermore,the paper realizes real-time,accurate access to distribution network disaster information.The proposed approach performs an accurate and rapid assessment of cross-sectional risk through case study.The minimal average annual outage time can be reduced to 3 h/a in the ring network through case study.The approach proposed in this paper can provide technical support to the further improvement of the ability of distribution networks to cope with extreme natural disasters.
文摘The used water for human consumption must be free of microorganisms and chemicals that cause risk in the human health. In this study, water quality of 18 rural area of Abarkouh was determined and compared the conventional monitoring method (According to ISIR (Institute of Standards and Industrial Research of Iran), 1053 and 4208) and use of electronic system method (Patent in industrial property general office of Iran, 77815). Free chlorine monitoring and pH test done by health workers in the conventional method and the results will be sent to the Health Network monthly. Sampling for microbiological testing is done monthly based on population (According to ISIR, 4208). On the electronic system, the procedure is also done by health workers, but the result will be sent to the receiver device by using a cell phone. According to the chlorine test results if the free chlorine residual reported zero, microbiological sampling was done by a health expert. Finally, the number of chlorine test and microbiological sampling and the results of these experiments collected in the both methods and recorded in SPSS 22 then were analyzed by using chi-square test and Fisher exact test. The result of microbiological experiments shows that the sampling rate decreased 29% in using of electronic system method in comparison to the conventional monitoring method while the number of microbial defect detection increased 19% in drinking water networks monitoring by electronic system. Using of electronic system monitoring can reduce the rate and cost of microbiological sampling and its experiments and increase accuracy of these tests, in this way it will increase the quality and safety of drinking water in distribution network in small and dispersed rural communities.
文摘In order to improve the voltage quality of rural power distribution network, the series capacitor in distribution lines is proposed. The principle of series capacitor compensation technology to improve the quality of rural power distribution lines voltage is analyzed. The real rural power distribution network simulation model is established by Power System Power System Analysis Software Package (PSASP). Simulation analysis the effect of series capacitor compensation technology to improve the voltage quality of rural power distribution network, The simulation results show that the series capacitor compensation can effectively improve the voltage quality and reduce network losses and improve the transmission capacity of rural power distribution network.
基金supported by the State Grid Science and Technology Project, “Study on Multi-source and Multiload Coordination and Optimization Technology Considering Desalination of Sea Water” (No. SGTJDK00DWJS1800011)
文摘Traditional seawater desalination requires high amounts of energy, with correspondingly high costs and limited benefits, hindering wider applications of the process. To further improve the comprehensive economic benefits of seawater desalination, the desalination load can be combined with renewable energy sources such as solar energy, wind energy, and ocean energy or with the power grid to ensure its effective regulation. Utilizing energy internet(EI) technology, energy balance demand of the regional power grid, and coordinated control between coastal multi-source multi-load and regional distribution network with desalination load is reviewed herein. Several key technologies, including coordinated control of coastal multi-source multi-load system with seawater desalination load, flexible interaction between seawater desalination and regional distribution network, and combined control of coastal multi-source multi-load storage system with seawater desalination load, are discussed in detail. Adoption of the flexible interaction between seawater desalination and regional distribution networks is beneficial for solving water resource problems, improving the ability to dissipate distributed renewable energy, balancing and increasing grid loads, improving the safety and economy of coastal power grids, and achieving coordinated and comprehensive application of power grids, renewable energy sources, and coastal loads.
基金supported by the National Key R&D Program of China (No. 2020YFB0906000 and 2020YFB0906001)。
文摘The volatile and intermittent nature of distributed generators(DGs) in active distribution networks(ADNs) increases the uncertainty of operating states. The introduction of distribution phasor measurement units(D-PMUs) enhances the monitoring level. The trade-offs of computational performance and robustness of state estimation in monitoring the network states are of great significance for ADNs with D-PMUs and DGs. This paper proposes a second-order cone programming(SOCP) based robust state estimation(RSE) method considering multi-source measurements. Firstly, a linearized state estimation model related to the SOCP state variables is formulated. The phase angle measurements of D-PMUs are converted to equivalent power measurements. Then, a revised SOCP-based RSE method with the weighted least absolute value estimator is proposed to enhance the convergence and bad data identification. Multi-time slots of D-PMU measurements are utilized to improve the estimation accuracy of RSE. Finally, the effectiveness of the proposed method is illustrated in the modified IEEE 33-node and IEEE 123-node systems.
文摘近年来,洪水、台风等极端灾害的频率和强度显著增加,给网架结构相对薄弱的农村配电网(distribution network,DN)造成了严重影响,导致出现大范围、长时间的停电现象。针对农村地区远离电源、供电半径长和负荷分布分散等特点,在重要农村用户区域利用分布式电源、移动储能(mobile energy storage,MES)等部署微电网(microgrid,MG),是提升农村电网韧性的有效手段。为此,本文构建一种配电网与微电网协同的两阶段优化模型。在灾前阶段,通过预防布置移动储能,保障局部重要用户的应急供电;在灾后阶段,构建考虑移动储能和施工队的恢复资源调度模型。同时,考虑资源调度与电网运行的差异性,将该模型构建为双层混合整数线性优化问题,并利用列与约束生成(column and constraint generation,C&CG)法迭代求解,得到灾前和灾后两阶段的配-微电网协同优化运行策略。算例表明,该方法能够在极端灾害下有效保障农村负荷的持续供电,显著缩短供电恢复时间,从而大幅提升农村电网韧性。
