The power Internet of Things(IoT)is a significant trend in technology and a requirement for national strategic development.With the deepening digital transformation of the power grid,China’s power system has initiall...The power Internet of Things(IoT)is a significant trend in technology and a requirement for national strategic development.With the deepening digital transformation of the power grid,China’s power system has initially built a power IoT architecture comprising a perception,network,and platform application layer.However,owing to the structural complexity of the power system,the construction of the power IoT continues to face problems such as complex access management of massive heterogeneous equipment,diverse IoT protocol access methods,high concurrency of network communications,and weak data security protection.To address these issues,this study optimizes the existing architecture of the power IoT and designs an integrated management framework for the access of multi-source heterogeneous data in the power IoT,comprising cloud,pipe,edge,and terminal parts.It further reviews and analyzes the key technologies involved in the power IoT,such as the unified management of the physical model,high concurrent access,multi-protocol access,multi-source heterogeneous data storage management,and data security control,to provide a more flexible,efficient,secure,and easy-to-use solution for multi-source heterogeneous data access in the power IoT.展开更多
Due to the development of cloud computing and machine learning,users can upload their data to the cloud for machine learning model training.However,dishonest clouds may infer user data,resulting in user data leakage.P...Due to the development of cloud computing and machine learning,users can upload their data to the cloud for machine learning model training.However,dishonest clouds may infer user data,resulting in user data leakage.Previous schemes have achieved secure outsourced computing,but they suffer from low computational accuracy,difficult-to-handle heterogeneous distribution of data from multiple sources,and high computational cost,which result in extremely poor user experience and expensive cloud computing costs.To address the above problems,we propose amulti-precision,multi-sourced,andmulti-key outsourcing neural network training scheme.Firstly,we design a multi-precision functional encryption computation based on Euclidean division.Second,we design the outsourcing model training algorithm based on a multi-precision functional encryption with multi-sourced heterogeneity.Finally,we conduct experiments on three datasets.The results indicate that our framework achieves an accuracy improvement of 6%to 30%.Additionally,it offers a memory space optimization of 1.0×2^(24) times compared to the previous best approach.展开更多
In the heterogeneous power internet of things(IoT)environment,data signals are acquired to support different business systems to realize advanced intelligent applications,with massive,multi-source,heterogeneous and ot...In the heterogeneous power internet of things(IoT)environment,data signals are acquired to support different business systems to realize advanced intelligent applications,with massive,multi-source,heterogeneous and other characteristics.Reliable perception of information and efficient transmission of energy in multi-source heterogeneous environments are crucial issues.Compressive sensing(CS),as an effective method of signal compression and transmission,can accurately recover the original signal only by very few sampling.In this paper,we study a new method of multi-source heterogeneous data signal reconstruction of power IoT based on compressive sensing technology.Based on the traditional compressive sensing technology to directly recover multi-source heterogeneous signals,we fully use the interference subspace information to design the measurement matrix,which directly and effectively eliminates the interference while making the measurement.The measure matrix is optimized by minimizing the average cross-coherence of the matrix,and the reconstruction performance of the new method is further improved.Finally,the effectiveness of the new method with different parameter settings under different multi-source heterogeneous data signal cases is verified by using orthogonal matching pursuit(OMP)and sparsity adaptive matching pursuit(SAMP)for considering the actual environment with prior information utilization of signal sparsity and no prior information utilization of signal sparsity.展开更多
Currently,the demand for electromagnetic wave(EMW)absorbing materials with specific functions and capable of withstanding harsh environments is becoming increasingly urgent.Multi-component interface engineering is con...Currently,the demand for electromagnetic wave(EMW)absorbing materials with specific functions and capable of withstanding harsh environments is becoming increasingly urgent.Multi-component interface engineering is considered an effective means to achieve high-efficiency EMW absorption.However,interface modulation engineering has not been fully discussed and has great potential in the field of EMW absorption.In this study,multi-component tin compound fiber composites based on carbon fiber(CF)substrate were prepared by electrospinning,hydrothermal synthesis,and high-temperature thermal reduction.By utilizing the different properties of different substances,rich heterogeneous interfaces are constructed.This effectively promotes charge transfer and enhances interfacial polarization and conduction loss.The prepared SnS/SnS_(2)/SnO_(2)/CF composites with abundant heterogeneous interfaces have and exhibit excellent EMW absorption properties at a loading of 50 wt%in epoxy resin.The minimum reflection loss(RL)is−46.74 dB and the maximum effective absorption bandwidth is 5.28 GHz.Moreover,SnS/SnS_(2)/SnO_(2)/CF epoxy composite coatings exhibited long-term corrosion resistance on Q235 steel surfaces.Therefore,this study provides an effective strategy for the design of high-efficiency EMW absorbing materials in complex and harsh environments.展开更多
Heterogeneous metal-catalyzed chemical conversions with a recyclable catalyst are very ideal and challenging for sustainable organic synthesis.A new bipyridyl-Mo(IV)-carbon nitride(CN-K/Mo-Bpy)was prepared by supporti...Heterogeneous metal-catalyzed chemical conversions with a recyclable catalyst are very ideal and challenging for sustainable organic synthesis.A new bipyridyl-Mo(IV)-carbon nitride(CN-K/Mo-Bpy)was prepared by supporting molybdenum complex on C_(3)N_(4)-K and characterized by FT-IR,XRD,SEM,XPS and ICP-OES.Heterogeneous CN–Mo-Bpy catalyst can be applied to the direct amination of nitroarenes and arylboronic acid,thus constructing various valuable diarylamines in high to excellent yields with a wide substrate scope and good functional group tolerance.It is worth noting that this heterogeneous catalyst has high chemical stability and can be recycled for at least five times without reducing its activity.展开更多
In scenarios such as vehicle radiation monitoring and unmanned aerial vehicle radiation detection,rapid measurements using a NaI(Tl)detector often result in low photon counts,weak characteristic peaks,and significant ...In scenarios such as vehicle radiation monitoring and unmanned aerial vehicle radiation detection,rapid measurements using a NaI(Tl)detector often result in low photon counts,weak characteristic peaks,and significant statistical fluctuations.These issues can lead to potential failures in peak-searching-based identification methods.To address the low precision associated with short-duration measurements of radionuclides,this paper proposes an identification algorithm that leverages heterogeneous spectral transfer to develop a low-count energy spectral identification model.Comparative experiments demonstrated that transferring samples from 26 classes of simulated heterogeneous gamma spectra aids in creating a reliable model for measured gamma spectra.With only 10%of target domain samples used for training,the accuracy on real low-count spectral samples was 95.56%.This performance shows a significant improvement over widely employed full-spectrum analysis methods trained on target domain samples.The proposed method also exhibits strong generalization capabilities,effectively mitigating overfitting issues in low-count energy spectral classification under short-duration measurements.展开更多
Dynamic structuralcolors can change in response todifferent environmental stimuli.This ability remains effectiveeven when the size of the speciesresponsible for the structural coloris reduced to a few micrometers,prov...Dynamic structuralcolors can change in response todifferent environmental stimuli.This ability remains effectiveeven when the size of the speciesresponsible for the structural coloris reduced to a few micrometers,providing a promising sensingmechanism for solving microenvironmentalsensing problems inmicro-robotics and microfluidics.However, the lack of dynamicstructural colors that can encoderapidly, easily integrate, and accuratelyreflect changes in physical quantities hinders their use in microscale sensing applications. Herein, we present a 2.5-dimensionaldynamic structural color based on nanogratings of heterogeneous materials, which were obtained by interweaving a pH-responsive hydrogelwith an IP-L photoresist. Transverse gratings printed with pH-responsive hydrogels elongated the period of longitudinal grating in the swollenstate, resulting in pH-tuned structural colors at a 45° incidence. Moreover, the patterned encoding and array printing of dynamic structuralcolors were achieved using grayscale stripe images to accurately encode the periods and heights of the nanogrid structures. Overall, dynamicstructural color networks exhibit promising potential for applications in information encryption and in situ sensing for microfluidic chips.展开更多
Current research on heterogeneous advanced oxidation processes(HAOPs)predominantly emphasizes catalyst iteration and innovation.Significant efforts have been made to regulate the electron structure and optimize the el...Current research on heterogeneous advanced oxidation processes(HAOPs)predominantly emphasizes catalyst iteration and innovation.Significant efforts have been made to regulate the electron structure and optimize the electron distribution,thereby increasing the catalytic activity.However,this focus often overshadows an equally essential aspect of HAOPs:the adsorption effect.Adsorption is a critical initiator for triggering the interaction of oxidants and contaminants with heterogeneous catalysts.The efficacy of these interactions is influenced by a variety of physicochemical properties,including surface chemistry and pore sizes,which determine the affinities between contaminants and material surfaces.This dispar ity in affinity is pivotal because it underpins the selective removal of contaminants,especially in complex waste streams containing diverse contaminants and competing matrices.Consequently,understanding and mastering these interfacial interactions is fundamentally indispensable not only for improving pro cess efficiency but also for enhancing the selectivity of contaminant removal.Herein,we highlight the importance of adsorption-driven interfacial interactions for fundamentally elucidating the catalytic mechanisms of HAOPs.Such interactions dictate the overall performance of the treatment processes by balancing the adsorption,reaction,and desorption rates on the catalyst surfaces.Elucidating the adsorption effect not only shifts the paradigm in understanding HAOPs but also improves their practical ity in water treatment and wastewater decontamination.Overall,we propose that revisiting adsorption driven interfacial interactions holds great promise for optimizing catalytic processes to develop effective HAOP strategies.展开更多
Developing alloys with exceptional strength-ductility combinations across a broad temperature range is crucial for advanced structural applications.The emerging face-centered cubic medium-entropy alloys(MEAs)demonstra...Developing alloys with exceptional strength-ductility combinations across a broad temperature range is crucial for advanced structural applications.The emerging face-centered cubic medium-entropy alloys(MEAs)demonstrate outstanding mechanical properties at both ambient and cryogenic temperatures.They are anticipated to extend their applicability to elevated temperatures,owing to their inherent advantages in leveraging multiple strengthening and deformation mechanisms.Here,a dual heterostructure,comprising of heterogeneous grain structure with heterogeneous distribution of the micro-scale Nb-rich Laves phases,is introduced in a CrCoNi-based MEA through thermo-mechanical processing.Additionally,a high-density nano-coherentγ’phase is introduced within the grains through isothermal aging treatments.The superior thermal stability of the heterogeneously distributed precipitates enables the dual heterostructure to persist at temperatures up to 1073 K,allowing the MEA to maintain excellent mechanical properties across a wide temperature range.The yield strength of the dual-heterogeneous-structured MEA reaches up to 1.2 GPa,1.1 GPa,0.8 GPa,and 0.6 GPa,coupled with total elongation values of 28.6%,28.4%,12.6%,and 6.1%at 93 K,298 K,873 K,and 1073 K,respectively.The high yield strength primar-ily stems from precipitation strengthening and hetero-deformation-induced strengthening.The high flow stress and low stacking fault energy of the dual-heterogeneous-structured MEA promote the formation of high-density stacking faults and nanotwins during deformation from 93 K to 1073 K,and their density increase with decreasing deformation temperature.This greatly contributes to the enhanced strainhardening capability and ductility across a wide temperature range.This study offers a practical solution for designing dual-heterogeneous-structured MEAs with both high yield strength and large ductility across a wide temperature range.展开更多
In this work,a heterogeneous structure(HS)with an alternating distribution of coarse and fineαlamella is fabricated in bimodal Ti6242 alloy via insufficient diffusion of alloying elements induced by fast heat-ing tre...In this work,a heterogeneous structure(HS)with an alternating distribution of coarse and fineαlamella is fabricated in bimodal Ti6242 alloy via insufficient diffusion of alloying elements induced by fast heat-ing treatment.Instead of a distinct interface between the primaryα_(p)hase(α_(p))andβ_(t)ransformation microstructure(β_(t))in the equiaxed microstructure(EM),allα_(p)/β_(t)interfaces are eliminated in the HS,and the largeα_(p)phases are replaced by coarseαlamella.Compared to the EM alloy,the heterostruc-tured alloy exhibits a superior strength-ductility combination.The enhanced strength is predominantly attributed to the increased interfaces ofα/βplates and hetero-deformation induced(HDI)strengthening caused by back stress.Meanwhile,good ductility is ascribed to its uniform distribution of coarse and fineαlamella,which effectively inhibits strain localization and generates an extra HDI hardening.This can be evidenced by the accumulated geometrically necessary dislocations(GNDs)induced by strain partitioning of the heterostructure.Significantly,the HDI causes extra<c+a>dislocations piling up in the coarseαlamella,which generates an extra strain hardening to further improve the ductility.Such hetero-interface coordinated deformation mechanism sheds light on a new perspective for tailoring bimodal titanium al-loys with excellent mechanical properties.展开更多
Protein arginine methyltransferase-6 participates in a range of biological functions,particularly RNA processing,transcription,chromatin remodeling,and endosomal trafficking.However,it remains unclear whether protein ...Protein arginine methyltransferase-6 participates in a range of biological functions,particularly RNA processing,transcription,chromatin remodeling,and endosomal trafficking.However,it remains unclear whether protein arginine methyl transferase-6 modifies neuropathic pain and,if so,what the mechanisms of this effect.In this study,protein arginine methyltransferase-6 expression levels and its effect on neuropathic pain were investigated in the spared nerve injury model,chronic constriction injury model and bone cancer pain model,using immunohistochemistry,western blotting,immunoprecipitation,and label-free proteomic analysis.The results showed that protein arginine methyltransferase-6 mostly co-localized withβ-tubulinⅢin the dorsal root ganglion,and that its expression decreased following spared nerve injury,chronic constriction injury and bone cancer pain.In addition,PRMT6 knockout(Prmt6~(-/-))mice exhibited pain hypersensitivity.Furthermore,the development of spared nerve injury-induced hypersensitivity to mechanical pain was attenuated by blocking the decrease in protein arginine methyltransferase-6 expression.Moreover,when protein arginine methyltransferase-6 expression was downregulated in the dorsal root ganglion in mice without spared nerve injury,increased levels of phosphorylated extracellular signal-regulated kinases were observed in the ipsilateral dorsal horn,and the response to mechanical stimuli was enhanced.Mechanistically,protein arginine methyltransferase-6 appeared to contribute to spared nerve injury-induced neuropathic pain by regulating the expression of heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein-F.Additionally,protein arginine methyltransfe rase-6-mediated modulation of hete rogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein-F expression required amino atids 319 to 388,but not classical H3R2 methylation.These findings indicated that protein arginine methyltransferase-6 is a potential therapeutic target fo r the treatment of peripheral neuro pathic pain.展开更多
Homogeneous C-H and C-X borylation via transition-metal-catalysis have undergone rapid development in the past decades and become one of the most practical methods for the synthesis of organoboron compounds.However,th...Homogeneous C-H and C-X borylation via transition-metal-catalysis have undergone rapid development in the past decades and become one of the most practical methods for the synthesis of organoboron compounds.However,the catalysts employed in homogeneous catalysis are generally expensive,sensitive,and difficult to separate from the reaction mixture and reuse.With the rapid development of heterogeneous catalysis,heterogeneous C-H and C-X borylation have emerged as highly efficient and sustainable approaches towards the synthesis of organoboron compounds.This review aims to highlight the recent advances in the synthesis of organoboron compounds employing heterogeneous C-H and C-X borylation strategies.We endeavor to shed light on new perspectives and inspire further research and applications in this emerging area.展开更多
Tight glutenite reservoirs are known for strong heterogeneity,complex wettability,and challenging development.Gas-Assisted Gravity Drainage(GAGD)technology has the potential to significantly improve recovery efficienc...Tight glutenite reservoirs are known for strong heterogeneity,complex wettability,and challenging development.Gas-Assisted Gravity Drainage(GAGD)technology has the potential to significantly improve recovery efficiency in glutenite reservoir.However,there is currently limited research on GAGD processes specifically designed for glutenite reservoirs,and there is a lack of relevant dimensionless numbers for predicting recovery efficiency.In this study,we developed a theoretical model based on the characteristics of glutenite reservoirs and used phase-field method to track the oil-gas interface for numerical simulations of dynamic GAGD processes.To explore the factors influencing gas-driven recovery,we simulated the effects of strong heterogeneity and dynamic wettability on the construction process under gravity assistance.Additionally,we introduced multiple dimensionless numbers(including capillary number,viscosity ratio,and Bond number)and conducted a series of numerical simulations.The results demonstrate that gravity enhances the stability of the oil-gas interface but causes unstable pressure fluctuations when passing through different-sized throat regions,particularly leading to front advancement in smaller throats.Although strong heterogeneity has negative impacts on GAGD,they can be mitigated by reducing injection velocity.Increasing oil-wettability promotes oil displacement by overcoming capillary forces,particularly in narrower pores,allowing residual oils to be expelled.Among the dimensionless numbers,the recovery efficiency is directly proportional to the Bond number and inversely proportional to the capillary number and viscosity ratio.Through sensitivity analysis of the dimensionless numbers’impact on the recovery efficiency,a new dimensionless N_(Glu) considering heterogeneity is proposed to accurately predict GAGD recovery of tight glutenite reservoirs.展开更多
To elucidate the fracturing mechanism of deep hard rock under complex disturbance environments,this study investigates the dynamic failure behavior of pre-damaged granite subjected to multi-source dynamic disturbances...To elucidate the fracturing mechanism of deep hard rock under complex disturbance environments,this study investigates the dynamic failure behavior of pre-damaged granite subjected to multi-source dynamic disturbances.Blasting vibration monitoring was conducted in a deep-buried drill-and-blast tunnel to characterize in-situ dynamic loading conditions.Subsequently,true triaxial compression tests incorporating multi-source disturbances were performed using a self-developed wide-low-frequency true triaxial system to simulate disturbance accumulation and damage evolution in granite.The results demonstrate that combined dynamic disturbances and unloading damage significantly accelerate strength degradation and trigger shear-slip failure along preferentially oriented blast-induced fractures,with strength reductions up to 16.7%.Layered failure was observed on the free surface of pre-damaged granite under biaxial loading,indicating a disturbance-induced fracture localization mechanism.Time-stress-fracture-energy coupling fields were constructed to reveal the spatiotemporal characteristics of fracture evolution.Critical precursor frequency bands(105-150,185-225,and 300-325 kHz)were identified,which serve as diagnostic signatures of impending failure.A dynamic instability mechanism driven by multi-source disturbance superposition and pre-damage evolution was established.Furthermore,a grouting-based wave-absorption control strategy was proposed to mitigate deep dynamic disasters by attenuating disturbance amplitude and reducing excitation frequency.展开更多
The SiO_(2) inverse opal photonic crystals(PC)with a three-dimensional macroporous structure were fabricated by the sacrificial template method,followed by infiltration of a pyrene derivative,1-(pyren-8-yl)but-3-en-1-...The SiO_(2) inverse opal photonic crystals(PC)with a three-dimensional macroporous structure were fabricated by the sacrificial template method,followed by infiltration of a pyrene derivative,1-(pyren-8-yl)but-3-en-1-amine(PEA),to achieve a formaldehyde(FA)-sensitive and fluorescence-enhanced sensing film.Utilizing the specific Aza-Cope rearrangement reaction of allylamine of PEA and FA to generate a strong fluorescent product emitted at approximately 480 nm,we chose a PC whose blue band edge of stopband overlapped with the fluorescence emission wavelength.In virtue of the fluorescence enhancement property derived from slow photon effect of PC,FA was detected highly selectively and sensitively.The limit of detection(LoD)was calculated to be 1.38 nmol/L.Furthermore,the fast detection of FA(within 1 min)is realized due to the interconnected three-dimensional macroporous structure of the inverse opal PC and its high specific surface area.The prepared sensing film can be used for the detection of FA in air,aquatic products and living cells.The very close FA content in indoor air to the result from FA detector,the recovery rate of 101.5%for detecting FA in aquatic products and fast fluorescence imaging in 2 min for living cells demonstrate the reliability and accuracy of our method in practical applications.展开更多
This paper deeply discusses the causes of gear howling noise,the identification and analysis of multi-source excitation,the transmission path of dynamic noise,simulation and experimental research,case analysis,optimiz...This paper deeply discusses the causes of gear howling noise,the identification and analysis of multi-source excitation,the transmission path of dynamic noise,simulation and experimental research,case analysis,optimization effect,etc.,aiming to better provide a certain guideline and reference for relevant researchers.展开更多
Approximately 30%of the global population struggles with access to potable water,and 60%lacks adequate sanitation.Effective disinfection is crucial,however,heterogeneous systems,despite their benefits,often exhibit lo...Approximately 30%of the global population struggles with access to potable water,and 60%lacks adequate sanitation.Effective disinfection is crucial,however,heterogeneous systems,despite their benefits,often exhibit lower efficacy compared to homogeneous method,presenting a significant challenge[1].In heterogeneous catalysis,photocatalytic disinfection holds immense promise for various applications.However,two key factors significantly impact the efficacy of photocatalytic disinfection:the generation of reactive oxygen species(ROSs)by the photocatalyst and the interaction between ROS and bacteria.展开更多
Photoredox catalysis has made significant advances in stateof-the-art chemical synthesis,drawing energy from inexhaustible light and enabling various organic transformations to occur under mild reaction conditions.Ove...Photoredox catalysis has made significant advances in stateof-the-art chemical synthesis,drawing energy from inexhaustible light and enabling various organic transformations to occur under mild reaction conditions.Over the past few years,a variety of homogeneous and heterogeneous photocatalysts have been applied in the photoredox catalysis.Heterogeneous photoredox catalysis offers advantages such as easy separation and superior recyclability compared to homogeneous counterparts,although homogenous catalysts are usually associated with higher activities and selectivity.From a practical perspective,an optimal photoredox catalytic system would integrate the advantages of both homogeneous and heterogeneous cases.展开更多
This paper mainly focuses on the velocity-constrained consensus problem of discrete-time heterogeneous multi-agent systems with nonconvex constraints and arbitrarily switching topologies,where each agent has first-ord...This paper mainly focuses on the velocity-constrained consensus problem of discrete-time heterogeneous multi-agent systems with nonconvex constraints and arbitrarily switching topologies,where each agent has first-order or second-order dynamics.To solve this problem,a distributed algorithm is proposed based on a contraction operator.By employing the properties of the stochastic matrix,it is shown that all agents’position states could converge to a common point and second-order agents’velocity states could remain in corresponding nonconvex constraint sets and converge to zero as long as the joint communication topology has one directed spanning tree.Finally,the numerical simulation results are provided to verify the effectiveness of the proposed algorithms.展开更多
With the rapid development of the world economy,complex air pollution has increasingly become a serious threat;for example,with haze events occurring frequently in various regions of the globe.Recent evidence has indi...With the rapid development of the world economy,complex air pollution has increasingly become a serious threat;for example,with haze events occurring frequently in various regions of the globe.Recent evidence has indicated that secondary aerosols play an important role in haze formation,and that heterogeneous processes are among the main forces driving their explosive growth.In this regard,this paper reviews recent advances in the understanding of the impact of heterogeneous processes on haze chemistry,including the impact on NO_(2)chemistry,marine aerosols,and the hygroscopicity and optical properties of atmospheric aerosols.It is distinguished from past reviews on this topic by focusing mainly on new insights from the past five years.We summarize the main findings of the impacts of heterogeneous processes on NO_(2)chemistry,marine aerosols,and the physicochemical properties of atmospheric aerosols,and propose several future research directions.展开更多
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(grant number 2019YFE0123600)。
文摘The power Internet of Things(IoT)is a significant trend in technology and a requirement for national strategic development.With the deepening digital transformation of the power grid,China’s power system has initially built a power IoT architecture comprising a perception,network,and platform application layer.However,owing to the structural complexity of the power system,the construction of the power IoT continues to face problems such as complex access management of massive heterogeneous equipment,diverse IoT protocol access methods,high concurrency of network communications,and weak data security protection.To address these issues,this study optimizes the existing architecture of the power IoT and designs an integrated management framework for the access of multi-source heterogeneous data in the power IoT,comprising cloud,pipe,edge,and terminal parts.It further reviews and analyzes the key technologies involved in the power IoT,such as the unified management of the physical model,high concurrent access,multi-protocol access,multi-source heterogeneous data storage management,and data security control,to provide a more flexible,efficient,secure,and easy-to-use solution for multi-source heterogeneous data access in the power IoT.
基金supported by Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.62303126,62362008,author Z.Z,https://www.nsfc.gov.cn/,accessed on 20 December 2024)Major Scientific and Technological Special Project of Guizhou Province([2024]014)+2 种基金Guizhou Provincial Science and Technology Projects(No.ZK[2022]General149) ,author Z.Z,https://kjt.guizhou.gov.cn/,accessed on 20 December 2024)The Open Project of the Key Laboratory of Computing Power Network and Information Security,Ministry of Education under Grant 2023ZD037,author Z.Z,https://www.gzu.edu.cn/,accessed on 20 December 2024)Open Research Project of the State Key Laboratory of Industrial Control Technology,Zhejiang University,China(No.ICT2024B25),author Z.Z,https://www.gzu.edu.cn/,accessed on 20 December 2024).
文摘Due to the development of cloud computing and machine learning,users can upload their data to the cloud for machine learning model training.However,dishonest clouds may infer user data,resulting in user data leakage.Previous schemes have achieved secure outsourced computing,but they suffer from low computational accuracy,difficult-to-handle heterogeneous distribution of data from multiple sources,and high computational cost,which result in extremely poor user experience and expensive cloud computing costs.To address the above problems,we propose amulti-precision,multi-sourced,andmulti-key outsourcing neural network training scheme.Firstly,we design a multi-precision functional encryption computation based on Euclidean division.Second,we design the outsourcing model training algorithm based on a multi-precision functional encryption with multi-sourced heterogeneity.Finally,we conduct experiments on three datasets.The results indicate that our framework achieves an accuracy improvement of 6%to 30%.Additionally,it offers a memory space optimization of 1.0×2^(24) times compared to the previous best approach.
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(12174350)Science and Technology Project of State Grid Henan Electric Power Company(5217Q0240008).
文摘In the heterogeneous power internet of things(IoT)environment,data signals are acquired to support different business systems to realize advanced intelligent applications,with massive,multi-source,heterogeneous and other characteristics.Reliable perception of information and efficient transmission of energy in multi-source heterogeneous environments are crucial issues.Compressive sensing(CS),as an effective method of signal compression and transmission,can accurately recover the original signal only by very few sampling.In this paper,we study a new method of multi-source heterogeneous data signal reconstruction of power IoT based on compressive sensing technology.Based on the traditional compressive sensing technology to directly recover multi-source heterogeneous signals,we fully use the interference subspace information to design the measurement matrix,which directly and effectively eliminates the interference while making the measurement.The measure matrix is optimized by minimizing the average cross-coherence of the matrix,and the reconstruction performance of the new method is further improved.Finally,the effectiveness of the new method with different parameter settings under different multi-source heterogeneous data signal cases is verified by using orthogonal matching pursuit(OMP)and sparsity adaptive matching pursuit(SAMP)for considering the actual environment with prior information utilization of signal sparsity and no prior information utilization of signal sparsity.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.52377026 and No.52301192)Taishan Scholars and Young Experts Program of Shandong Province(No.tsqn202103057)+4 种基金Postdoctoral Fellowship Program of CPSF under Grant Number(No.GZB20240327)Shandong Postdoctoral Science Foundation(No.SDCXZG-202400275)Qingdao Postdoctoral Application Research Project(No.QDBSH20240102023)China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(No.2024M751563)the Qingchuang Talents Induction Program of Shandong Higher Education Institution(Research and Innovation Team of Structural-Functional Polymer Composites).
文摘Currently,the demand for electromagnetic wave(EMW)absorbing materials with specific functions and capable of withstanding harsh environments is becoming increasingly urgent.Multi-component interface engineering is considered an effective means to achieve high-efficiency EMW absorption.However,interface modulation engineering has not been fully discussed and has great potential in the field of EMW absorption.In this study,multi-component tin compound fiber composites based on carbon fiber(CF)substrate were prepared by electrospinning,hydrothermal synthesis,and high-temperature thermal reduction.By utilizing the different properties of different substances,rich heterogeneous interfaces are constructed.This effectively promotes charge transfer and enhances interfacial polarization and conduction loss.The prepared SnS/SnS_(2)/SnO_(2)/CF composites with abundant heterogeneous interfaces have and exhibit excellent EMW absorption properties at a loading of 50 wt%in epoxy resin.The minimum reflection loss(RL)is−46.74 dB and the maximum effective absorption bandwidth is 5.28 GHz.Moreover,SnS/SnS_(2)/SnO_(2)/CF epoxy composite coatings exhibited long-term corrosion resistance on Q235 steel surfaces.Therefore,this study provides an effective strategy for the design of high-efficiency EMW absorbing materials in complex and harsh environments.
基金support for this work by Hebei Education Department(No.JZX2024004)Central Guidance on Local Science and Technology Development Fund of Hebei Province(No.236Z1404G)+3 种基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.22301060 and 21272053)China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(No.2023M730914)the Natural Science Foundation of Hebei Province(Biopharmaceutical Joint Fund No.B2022206008)Project of Science and Technology Department of Hebei Province(No.22567622H)。
文摘Heterogeneous metal-catalyzed chemical conversions with a recyclable catalyst are very ideal and challenging for sustainable organic synthesis.A new bipyridyl-Mo(IV)-carbon nitride(CN-K/Mo-Bpy)was prepared by supporting molybdenum complex on C_(3)N_(4)-K and characterized by FT-IR,XRD,SEM,XPS and ICP-OES.Heterogeneous CN–Mo-Bpy catalyst can be applied to the direct amination of nitroarenes and arylboronic acid,thus constructing various valuable diarylamines in high to excellent yields with a wide substrate scope and good functional group tolerance.It is worth noting that this heterogeneous catalyst has high chemical stability and can be recycled for at least five times without reducing its activity.
基金supported by the National Defense Fundamental Research Project(No.JCKY2022404C005)the Nuclear Energy Development Project(No.23ZG6106)+1 种基金the Sichuan Scientific and Technological Achievements Transfer and Transformation Demonstration Project(No.2023ZHCG0026)the Mianyang Applied Technology Research and Development Project(No.2021ZYZF1005)。
文摘In scenarios such as vehicle radiation monitoring and unmanned aerial vehicle radiation detection,rapid measurements using a NaI(Tl)detector often result in low photon counts,weak characteristic peaks,and significant statistical fluctuations.These issues can lead to potential failures in peak-searching-based identification methods.To address the low precision associated with short-duration measurements of radionuclides,this paper proposes an identification algorithm that leverages heterogeneous spectral transfer to develop a low-count energy spectral identification model.Comparative experiments demonstrated that transferring samples from 26 classes of simulated heterogeneous gamma spectra aids in creating a reliable model for measured gamma spectra.With only 10%of target domain samples used for training,the accuracy on real low-count spectral samples was 95.56%.This performance shows a significant improvement over widely employed full-spectrum analysis methods trained on target domain samples.The proposed method also exhibits strong generalization capabilities,effectively mitigating overfitting issues in low-count energy spectral classification under short-duration measurements.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.61925307).
文摘Dynamic structuralcolors can change in response todifferent environmental stimuli.This ability remains effectiveeven when the size of the speciesresponsible for the structural coloris reduced to a few micrometers,providing a promising sensingmechanism for solving microenvironmentalsensing problems inmicro-robotics and microfluidics.However, the lack of dynamicstructural colors that can encoderapidly, easily integrate, and accuratelyreflect changes in physical quantities hinders their use in microscale sensing applications. Herein, we present a 2.5-dimensionaldynamic structural color based on nanogratings of heterogeneous materials, which were obtained by interweaving a pH-responsive hydrogelwith an IP-L photoresist. Transverse gratings printed with pH-responsive hydrogels elongated the period of longitudinal grating in the swollenstate, resulting in pH-tuned structural colors at a 45° incidence. Moreover, the patterned encoding and array printing of dynamic structuralcolors were achieved using grayscale stripe images to accurately encode the periods and heights of the nanogrid structures. Overall, dynamicstructural color networks exhibit promising potential for applications in information encryption and in situ sensing for microfluidic chips.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2022YFC3205300)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(22176124).
文摘Current research on heterogeneous advanced oxidation processes(HAOPs)predominantly emphasizes catalyst iteration and innovation.Significant efforts have been made to regulate the electron structure and optimize the electron distribution,thereby increasing the catalytic activity.However,this focus often overshadows an equally essential aspect of HAOPs:the adsorption effect.Adsorption is a critical initiator for triggering the interaction of oxidants and contaminants with heterogeneous catalysts.The efficacy of these interactions is influenced by a variety of physicochemical properties,including surface chemistry and pore sizes,which determine the affinities between contaminants and material surfaces.This dispar ity in affinity is pivotal because it underpins the selective removal of contaminants,especially in complex waste streams containing diverse contaminants and competing matrices.Consequently,understanding and mastering these interfacial interactions is fundamentally indispensable not only for improving pro cess efficiency but also for enhancing the selectivity of contaminant removal.Herein,we highlight the importance of adsorption-driven interfacial interactions for fundamentally elucidating the catalytic mechanisms of HAOPs.Such interactions dictate the overall performance of the treatment processes by balancing the adsorption,reaction,and desorption rates on the catalyst surfaces.Elucidating the adsorption effect not only shifts the paradigm in understanding HAOPs but also improves their practical ity in water treatment and wastewater decontamination.Overall,we propose that revisiting adsorption driven interfacial interactions holds great promise for optimizing catalytic processes to develop effective HAOP strategies.
基金supported by the Tianjin Science and Technology Plan Project(No.22JCQNJC01280)the Central Funds Guiding the Local Science and Technology Development of Hebei Province(Nos.226Z1001G and 226Z1012G)+1 种基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.52002109,52071124)the Young Elite Scientists Sponsorship Program by CAST(No.2022QNRC001).
文摘Developing alloys with exceptional strength-ductility combinations across a broad temperature range is crucial for advanced structural applications.The emerging face-centered cubic medium-entropy alloys(MEAs)demonstrate outstanding mechanical properties at both ambient and cryogenic temperatures.They are anticipated to extend their applicability to elevated temperatures,owing to their inherent advantages in leveraging multiple strengthening and deformation mechanisms.Here,a dual heterostructure,comprising of heterogeneous grain structure with heterogeneous distribution of the micro-scale Nb-rich Laves phases,is introduced in a CrCoNi-based MEA through thermo-mechanical processing.Additionally,a high-density nano-coherentγ’phase is introduced within the grains through isothermal aging treatments.The superior thermal stability of the heterogeneously distributed precipitates enables the dual heterostructure to persist at temperatures up to 1073 K,allowing the MEA to maintain excellent mechanical properties across a wide temperature range.The yield strength of the dual-heterogeneous-structured MEA reaches up to 1.2 GPa,1.1 GPa,0.8 GPa,and 0.6 GPa,coupled with total elongation values of 28.6%,28.4%,12.6%,and 6.1%at 93 K,298 K,873 K,and 1073 K,respectively.The high yield strength primar-ily stems from precipitation strengthening and hetero-deformation-induced strengthening.The high flow stress and low stacking fault energy of the dual-heterogeneous-structured MEA promote the formation of high-density stacking faults and nanotwins during deformation from 93 K to 1073 K,and their density increase with decreasing deformation temperature.This greatly contributes to the enhanced strainhardening capability and ductility across a wide temperature range.This study offers a practical solution for designing dual-heterogeneous-structured MEAs with both high yield strength and large ductility across a wide temperature range.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.52161019 and 52271054)the Science and Technology Project of Guizhou Province,China(No.[2023]047)+1 种基金the GuiZhou DIIT Innovation Project(No.[2023]153)the One Hundred Person Project of Guizhou Province,China(No.[2020]6006).
文摘In this work,a heterogeneous structure(HS)with an alternating distribution of coarse and fineαlamella is fabricated in bimodal Ti6242 alloy via insufficient diffusion of alloying elements induced by fast heat-ing treatment.Instead of a distinct interface between the primaryα_(p)hase(α_(p))andβ_(t)ransformation microstructure(β_(t))in the equiaxed microstructure(EM),allα_(p)/β_(t)interfaces are eliminated in the HS,and the largeα_(p)phases are replaced by coarseαlamella.Compared to the EM alloy,the heterostruc-tured alloy exhibits a superior strength-ductility combination.The enhanced strength is predominantly attributed to the increased interfaces ofα/βplates and hetero-deformation induced(HDI)strengthening caused by back stress.Meanwhile,good ductility is ascribed to its uniform distribution of coarse and fineαlamella,which effectively inhibits strain localization and generates an extra HDI hardening.This can be evidenced by the accumulated geometrically necessary dislocations(GNDs)induced by strain partitioning of the heterostructure.Significantly,the HDI causes extra<c+a>dislocations piling up in the coarseαlamella,which generates an extra strain hardening to further improve the ductility.Such hetero-interface coordinated deformation mechanism sheds light on a new perspective for tailoring bimodal titanium al-loys with excellent mechanical properties.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China,Nos.82001178(to LW),81901129(to LH),82001175(to FX)Shanghai Sailing Program,No.20YF1439200(to LW)+1 种基金the Natural Science Foundation of Shanghai,China,No.23ZR1450800(to LH)and the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities,No.YG2023LC15(to ZX)。
文摘Protein arginine methyltransferase-6 participates in a range of biological functions,particularly RNA processing,transcription,chromatin remodeling,and endosomal trafficking.However,it remains unclear whether protein arginine methyl transferase-6 modifies neuropathic pain and,if so,what the mechanisms of this effect.In this study,protein arginine methyltransferase-6 expression levels and its effect on neuropathic pain were investigated in the spared nerve injury model,chronic constriction injury model and bone cancer pain model,using immunohistochemistry,western blotting,immunoprecipitation,and label-free proteomic analysis.The results showed that protein arginine methyltransferase-6 mostly co-localized withβ-tubulinⅢin the dorsal root ganglion,and that its expression decreased following spared nerve injury,chronic constriction injury and bone cancer pain.In addition,PRMT6 knockout(Prmt6~(-/-))mice exhibited pain hypersensitivity.Furthermore,the development of spared nerve injury-induced hypersensitivity to mechanical pain was attenuated by blocking the decrease in protein arginine methyltransferase-6 expression.Moreover,when protein arginine methyltransferase-6 expression was downregulated in the dorsal root ganglion in mice without spared nerve injury,increased levels of phosphorylated extracellular signal-regulated kinases were observed in the ipsilateral dorsal horn,and the response to mechanical stimuli was enhanced.Mechanistically,protein arginine methyltransferase-6 appeared to contribute to spared nerve injury-induced neuropathic pain by regulating the expression of heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein-F.Additionally,protein arginine methyltransfe rase-6-mediated modulation of hete rogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein-F expression required amino atids 319 to 388,but not classical H3R2 methylation.These findings indicated that protein arginine methyltransferase-6 is a potential therapeutic target fo r the treatment of peripheral neuro pathic pain.
基金supported by grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.22271313,21602096)the Fund for Academic Innovation Teams of South-Central Minzu University(No.XTZ24015)South-Central Minzu University.
文摘Homogeneous C-H and C-X borylation via transition-metal-catalysis have undergone rapid development in the past decades and become one of the most practical methods for the synthesis of organoboron compounds.However,the catalysts employed in homogeneous catalysis are generally expensive,sensitive,and difficult to separate from the reaction mixture and reuse.With the rapid development of heterogeneous catalysis,heterogeneous C-H and C-X borylation have emerged as highly efficient and sustainable approaches towards the synthesis of organoboron compounds.This review aims to highlight the recent advances in the synthesis of organoboron compounds employing heterogeneous C-H and C-X borylation strategies.We endeavor to shed light on new perspectives and inspire further research and applications in this emerging area.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(U22B2075)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(2024ZKPYSB03)support from Beijing University of Science and Technology.
文摘Tight glutenite reservoirs are known for strong heterogeneity,complex wettability,and challenging development.Gas-Assisted Gravity Drainage(GAGD)technology has the potential to significantly improve recovery efficiency in glutenite reservoir.However,there is currently limited research on GAGD processes specifically designed for glutenite reservoirs,and there is a lack of relevant dimensionless numbers for predicting recovery efficiency.In this study,we developed a theoretical model based on the characteristics of glutenite reservoirs and used phase-field method to track the oil-gas interface for numerical simulations of dynamic GAGD processes.To explore the factors influencing gas-driven recovery,we simulated the effects of strong heterogeneity and dynamic wettability on the construction process under gravity assistance.Additionally,we introduced multiple dimensionless numbers(including capillary number,viscosity ratio,and Bond number)and conducted a series of numerical simulations.The results demonstrate that gravity enhances the stability of the oil-gas interface but causes unstable pressure fluctuations when passing through different-sized throat regions,particularly leading to front advancement in smaller throats.Although strong heterogeneity has negative impacts on GAGD,they can be mitigated by reducing injection velocity.Increasing oil-wettability promotes oil displacement by overcoming capillary forces,particularly in narrower pores,allowing residual oils to be expelled.Among the dimensionless numbers,the recovery efficiency is directly proportional to the Bond number and inversely proportional to the capillary number and viscosity ratio.Through sensitivity analysis of the dimensionless numbers’impact on the recovery efficiency,a new dimensionless N_(Glu) considering heterogeneity is proposed to accurately predict GAGD recovery of tight glutenite reservoirs.
基金supported by the National Key R&D Program of China(No.2023YFB2603602)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.52222810 and 52178383).
文摘To elucidate the fracturing mechanism of deep hard rock under complex disturbance environments,this study investigates the dynamic failure behavior of pre-damaged granite subjected to multi-source dynamic disturbances.Blasting vibration monitoring was conducted in a deep-buried drill-and-blast tunnel to characterize in-situ dynamic loading conditions.Subsequently,true triaxial compression tests incorporating multi-source disturbances were performed using a self-developed wide-low-frequency true triaxial system to simulate disturbance accumulation and damage evolution in granite.The results demonstrate that combined dynamic disturbances and unloading damage significantly accelerate strength degradation and trigger shear-slip failure along preferentially oriented blast-induced fractures,with strength reductions up to 16.7%.Layered failure was observed on the free surface of pre-damaged granite under biaxial loading,indicating a disturbance-induced fracture localization mechanism.Time-stress-fracture-energy coupling fields were constructed to reveal the spatiotemporal characteristics of fracture evolution.Critical precursor frequency bands(105-150,185-225,and 300-325 kHz)were identified,which serve as diagnostic signatures of impending failure.A dynamic instability mechanism driven by multi-source disturbance superposition and pre-damage evolution was established.Furthermore,a grouting-based wave-absorption control strategy was proposed to mitigate deep dynamic disasters by attenuating disturbance amplitude and reducing excitation frequency.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(21663032 and 22061041)the Open Sharing Platform for Scientific and Technological Resources of Shaanxi Province(2021PT-004)the National Innovation and Entrepreneurship Training Program for College Students of China(S202110719044)。
文摘The SiO_(2) inverse opal photonic crystals(PC)with a three-dimensional macroporous structure were fabricated by the sacrificial template method,followed by infiltration of a pyrene derivative,1-(pyren-8-yl)but-3-en-1-amine(PEA),to achieve a formaldehyde(FA)-sensitive and fluorescence-enhanced sensing film.Utilizing the specific Aza-Cope rearrangement reaction of allylamine of PEA and FA to generate a strong fluorescent product emitted at approximately 480 nm,we chose a PC whose blue band edge of stopband overlapped with the fluorescence emission wavelength.In virtue of the fluorescence enhancement property derived from slow photon effect of PC,FA was detected highly selectively and sensitively.The limit of detection(LoD)was calculated to be 1.38 nmol/L.Furthermore,the fast detection of FA(within 1 min)is realized due to the interconnected three-dimensional macroporous structure of the inverse opal PC and its high specific surface area.The prepared sensing film can be used for the detection of FA in air,aquatic products and living cells.The very close FA content in indoor air to the result from FA detector,the recovery rate of 101.5%for detecting FA in aquatic products and fast fluorescence imaging in 2 min for living cells demonstrate the reliability and accuracy of our method in practical applications.
文摘This paper deeply discusses the causes of gear howling noise,the identification and analysis of multi-source excitation,the transmission path of dynamic noise,simulation and experimental research,case analysis,optimization effect,etc.,aiming to better provide a certain guideline and reference for relevant researchers.
基金supported by the Taishan Scholar Project of Shandong Province(tsqn202211168)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(52422213,52272212)the Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province(ZR2022JQ20).
文摘Approximately 30%of the global population struggles with access to potable water,and 60%lacks adequate sanitation.Effective disinfection is crucial,however,heterogeneous systems,despite their benefits,often exhibit lower efficacy compared to homogeneous method,presenting a significant challenge[1].In heterogeneous catalysis,photocatalytic disinfection holds immense promise for various applications.However,two key factors significantly impact the efficacy of photocatalytic disinfection:the generation of reactive oxygen species(ROSs)by the photocatalyst and the interaction between ROS and bacteria.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.22271060),The Department of Chemistry at Fudan University and College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering at Ningxia University is gratefully acknowledged.
文摘Photoredox catalysis has made significant advances in stateof-the-art chemical synthesis,drawing energy from inexhaustible light and enabling various organic transformations to occur under mild reaction conditions.Over the past few years,a variety of homogeneous and heterogeneous photocatalysts have been applied in the photoredox catalysis.Heterogeneous photoredox catalysis offers advantages such as easy separation and superior recyclability compared to homogeneous counterparts,although homogenous catalysts are usually associated with higher activities and selectivity.From a practical perspective,an optimal photoredox catalytic system would integrate the advantages of both homogeneous and heterogeneous cases.
基金2024 Jiangsu Province Youth Science and Technology Talent Support Project2024 Yancheng Key Research and Development Plan(Social Development)projects,“Research and Application of Multi Agent Offline Distributed Trust Perception Virtual Wireless Sensor Network Algorithm”and“Research and Application of a New Type of Fishery Ship Safety Production Monitoring Equipment”。
文摘This paper mainly focuses on the velocity-constrained consensus problem of discrete-time heterogeneous multi-agent systems with nonconvex constraints and arbitrarily switching topologies,where each agent has first-order or second-order dynamics.To solve this problem,a distributed algorithm is proposed based on a contraction operator.By employing the properties of the stochastic matrix,it is shown that all agents’position states could converge to a common point and second-order agents’velocity states could remain in corresponding nonconvex constraint sets and converge to zero as long as the joint communication topology has one directed spanning tree.Finally,the numerical simulation results are provided to verify the effectiveness of the proposed algorithms.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(No.2022YFC3701000)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.42130606 and 41931287)+1 种基金the Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences(BNLMS-CXXM-202011)the Youth Innovation Promotion Association of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(No.Y2021013).
文摘With the rapid development of the world economy,complex air pollution has increasingly become a serious threat;for example,with haze events occurring frequently in various regions of the globe.Recent evidence has indicated that secondary aerosols play an important role in haze formation,and that heterogeneous processes are among the main forces driving their explosive growth.In this regard,this paper reviews recent advances in the understanding of the impact of heterogeneous processes on haze chemistry,including the impact on NO_(2)chemistry,marine aerosols,and the hygroscopicity and optical properties of atmospheric aerosols.It is distinguished from past reviews on this topic by focusing mainly on new insights from the past five years.We summarize the main findings of the impacts of heterogeneous processes on NO_(2)chemistry,marine aerosols,and the physicochemical properties of atmospheric aerosols,and propose several future research directions.
