An automatic feeding mechanism consisting of a timing shaft,an actuating device and a clutch for feeding paper pot seedlings from a horizontal slat type chain conveyor to a horizontal pusher type chain conveyor of a v...An automatic feeding mechanism consisting of a timing shaft,an actuating device and a clutch for feeding paper pot seedlings from a horizontal slat type chain conveyor to a horizontal pusher type chain conveyor of a vegetable transplanter,was developed.The slat type chain conveyor carried the pot seedlings in upright orientation in the form of a rectangular array with each linear array of pot seedlings on a slat.The pusher type chain conveyor received a linear array of pot seedlings and delivered them to the seedling drop tube.Feeding of each linear array of pot seedlings to the pusher type conveyor at appropriate times was done using an automatic feeding mechanism.The laboratory evaluation indicated that the feeding rate of 33 to 50 pot seedlings per minute can be achieved with single set of conveyors.The feeding mechanism also worked effectively under actual field conditions with 98%to 99%of all the pot seedlings,which were properly separated and fed for planting when the forward speed of the vegetable transplanter was 0.9 km/h.The feeding mechanism has the general application of singulating rectangular array of items on the slat type chain conveyor in any industry and machine in motion on a level surface.展开更多
This research aimed to solve current problems in the process of maize transplanting in China such as large labor intensity,low working efficiency and poor quality.On the basis of the structure of a seedling-sprouting ...This research aimed to solve current problems in the process of maize transplanting in China such as large labor intensity,low working efficiency and poor quality.On the basis of the structure of a seedling-sprouting tray made of maize straw and the agronomic requirements of maize production,this study developed a new feeding device for such a sprouting tray,determined the dimensions of the key components in a virtual environment via Solid Edge software and obtained optimal working parameters in combination with Matlab.Some tests on field validation and maize production were conducted as well.The test results showed the importance of the working parameters on an upright degree in descending order(as well as the best working parameters)to be the vertical angle of seedling planting(13.14°),the forward speed of locomotion(0.57 m/s),and the horizontal angle of the seedling box(22.5°).The standard deviation of the field validation was 6.04%,which was within the allowable range to meet the requirements of maize transplanting.Compared with maize transplanting machines(and manual transplanting operations)on the current market,the labor inputs,as well as the rates of spacing and upright degree qualification,omitted planting and the yield using the new feeding device for automatic transplanter with maize straw seedling-sprouting trays increased 0(6.9%),0(3.1%),0(4.5%)and 0(−1.0%),respectively;whereas,the manufacturing cost was reduced by 35.5%.The results can provide a technical basis and reference for subsequent development of automatic transplanters with maize straw seedling-sprouting trays.展开更多
The rotary plug seedling pick-up mechanism for vegetable automatic transplanter is the technical bottleneck to improve the mechanization level of vegetable planting in China.In order to solve the problems of rotary se...The rotary plug seedling pick-up mechanism for vegetable automatic transplanter is the technical bottleneck to improve the mechanization level of vegetable planting in China.In order to solve the problems of rotary seedling pick-up mechanism proposed in previous study,such as low success ratio of seedling pick-up at high speed,and interference between the seedling bowl and the end of the other seedling pick-up arm,a novel kind of rotary seedling pick-up mechanism of planetary gear train with combined type gears of incomplete denatured-eccentric-circular and non-circular gears was proposed.Through kinematic analysis of the seedling pick-up mechanism,the kinematics model was established.The computer-aided analysis and optimization software with human-computer interaction method was developed to realize parameters optimization of the seedling pick-up mechanism.Three-dimensional parametric design system of seedling pick-up mechanisms with combined non-circular gear transmission was developed for mechanism virtual simulation to verify the correctness of theoretical model and design results of the mechanism.The physical prototype of the mechanism was manufactured,and high-speed camera kinematics tests of the mechanism were conducted in the laboratory to study its kinematic characteristics.Laboratory seedling pick-up tests were carried out.The mechanism has the success ratio of seedling pick-up 96.3%without interference during seedling transporting when the rotation speed of the mechanism is 50 r/min and the seedling transplanting efficiency is 100 plants/min per row,showing that the novel mechanism has better working performance than the original one and could be applied in vegetable plug seedling transplanter.展开更多
In China,low degree of automation seriously affects the working efficiency and quality in vegetable transplanting.As one of the most important vegetables in China even in the world,tomato was taken as the research obj...In China,low degree of automation seriously affects the working efficiency and quality in vegetable transplanting.As one of the most important vegetables in China even in the world,tomato was taken as the research object in this study.An automatic single-row transplanting device was designed,based on the statistical analysis of the physical and mechanical properties of tomato seedlings of a typical variety.Based on the technology of mechatronics,the device integrated the functions of transporting seedling tray,automatic seedling extraction and mechanical planting.The kinematics orthogonality solution combined with the dynamic sequence solution method was used to optimize and analyze the kinematic parameters of the automatic seeding mechanism,and the“sickle”trajectory was obtained.According to the position and movement requirement for taking and dropping seedling,the mechanical conditions and the working parameters of key execution parts were obtained by using analytic drawing method to analyze the mechanical condition of seedling collecting mechanism.The transplanting experiment was conducted at room temperature of 25°C,and the age and moisture content of the seedlings were 40 d and 55%,respectively.The results showed that the highest success rate was 92.59%,and the lowest rate of leakage was 23.13%,when the transplanting frequency was 60 plants/min.The lowest success rate was 77.78%,and the highest rate of leakage was 38.75%,when transplanting frequency was 120 plants/min.When the transplanting frequency is between 60-90 plants/min,the device can meet the requirement of high speed transplanting for potted vegetable seedling.展开更多
文摘An automatic feeding mechanism consisting of a timing shaft,an actuating device and a clutch for feeding paper pot seedlings from a horizontal slat type chain conveyor to a horizontal pusher type chain conveyor of a vegetable transplanter,was developed.The slat type chain conveyor carried the pot seedlings in upright orientation in the form of a rectangular array with each linear array of pot seedlings on a slat.The pusher type chain conveyor received a linear array of pot seedlings and delivered them to the seedling drop tube.Feeding of each linear array of pot seedlings to the pusher type conveyor at appropriate times was done using an automatic feeding mechanism.The laboratory evaluation indicated that the feeding rate of 33 to 50 pot seedlings per minute can be achieved with single set of conveyors.The feeding mechanism also worked effectively under actual field conditions with 98%to 99%of all the pot seedlings,which were properly separated and fed for planting when the forward speed of the vegetable transplanter was 0.9 km/h.The feeding mechanism has the general application of singulating rectangular array of items on the slat type chain conveyor in any industry and machine in motion on a level surface.
基金This study was funded by Scientific and Technological Project(Grant Number:2014BAD06 B01-1)Universities Science and Technology Innovation Team(Project Number:2014TD010)in Heilongjiang Province and Heilongjiang Land Reclamation Bureau Project(HNK125B-06-02A).
文摘This research aimed to solve current problems in the process of maize transplanting in China such as large labor intensity,low working efficiency and poor quality.On the basis of the structure of a seedling-sprouting tray made of maize straw and the agronomic requirements of maize production,this study developed a new feeding device for such a sprouting tray,determined the dimensions of the key components in a virtual environment via Solid Edge software and obtained optimal working parameters in combination with Matlab.Some tests on field validation and maize production were conducted as well.The test results showed the importance of the working parameters on an upright degree in descending order(as well as the best working parameters)to be the vertical angle of seedling planting(13.14°),the forward speed of locomotion(0.57 m/s),and the horizontal angle of the seedling box(22.5°).The standard deviation of the field validation was 6.04%,which was within the allowable range to meet the requirements of maize transplanting.Compared with maize transplanting machines(and manual transplanting operations)on the current market,the labor inputs,as well as the rates of spacing and upright degree qualification,omitted planting and the yield using the new feeding device for automatic transplanter with maize straw seedling-sprouting trays increased 0(6.9%),0(3.1%),0(4.5%)and 0(−1.0%),respectively;whereas,the manufacturing cost was reduced by 35.5%.The results can provide a technical basis and reference for subsequent development of automatic transplanters with maize straw seedling-sprouting trays.
基金The authors thank the editors and the anonymous reviewers whose constructive comments have notably contributed to the improved quality and clarity of this paper.This article was supported in part by the Zhejiang Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.LZ16E05003)the Natural Key Research and Development Program of China(Project No.2017YFD0700800)and the Science Foundation of Zhejiang Sci-Tech University(Grant No.15022011-Y).
文摘The rotary plug seedling pick-up mechanism for vegetable automatic transplanter is the technical bottleneck to improve the mechanization level of vegetable planting in China.In order to solve the problems of rotary seedling pick-up mechanism proposed in previous study,such as low success ratio of seedling pick-up at high speed,and interference between the seedling bowl and the end of the other seedling pick-up arm,a novel kind of rotary seedling pick-up mechanism of planetary gear train with combined type gears of incomplete denatured-eccentric-circular and non-circular gears was proposed.Through kinematic analysis of the seedling pick-up mechanism,the kinematics model was established.The computer-aided analysis and optimization software with human-computer interaction method was developed to realize parameters optimization of the seedling pick-up mechanism.Three-dimensional parametric design system of seedling pick-up mechanisms with combined non-circular gear transmission was developed for mechanism virtual simulation to verify the correctness of theoretical model and design results of the mechanism.The physical prototype of the mechanism was manufactured,and high-speed camera kinematics tests of the mechanism were conducted in the laboratory to study its kinematic characteristics.Laboratory seedling pick-up tests were carried out.The mechanism has the success ratio of seedling pick-up 96.3%without interference during seedling transporting when the rotation speed of the mechanism is 50 r/min and the seedling transplanting efficiency is 100 plants/min per row,showing that the novel mechanism has better working performance than the original one and could be applied in vegetable plug seedling transplanter.
基金The work was sponsored by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.51505130)the National Key Research and Development Program of China Sub-project(No.2017YFD0700800)+1 种基金the Innovation Scientists and Technicians Troop Construction Projects of Henan Province(No.184200510017)the key scientific and technological projects of Henan Province(No.172102110021).
文摘In China,low degree of automation seriously affects the working efficiency and quality in vegetable transplanting.As one of the most important vegetables in China even in the world,tomato was taken as the research object in this study.An automatic single-row transplanting device was designed,based on the statistical analysis of the physical and mechanical properties of tomato seedlings of a typical variety.Based on the technology of mechatronics,the device integrated the functions of transporting seedling tray,automatic seedling extraction and mechanical planting.The kinematics orthogonality solution combined with the dynamic sequence solution method was used to optimize and analyze the kinematic parameters of the automatic seeding mechanism,and the“sickle”trajectory was obtained.According to the position and movement requirement for taking and dropping seedling,the mechanical conditions and the working parameters of key execution parts were obtained by using analytic drawing method to analyze the mechanical condition of seedling collecting mechanism.The transplanting experiment was conducted at room temperature of 25°C,and the age and moisture content of the seedlings were 40 d and 55%,respectively.The results showed that the highest success rate was 92.59%,and the lowest rate of leakage was 23.13%,when the transplanting frequency was 60 plants/min.The lowest success rate was 77.78%,and the highest rate of leakage was 38.75%,when transplanting frequency was 120 plants/min.When the transplanting frequency is between 60-90 plants/min,the device can meet the requirement of high speed transplanting for potted vegetable seedling.
