Numerous arthropods evolve and optimize sensory systems, enabling them to effectively adapt complex and competitive habitats. Typically, scorpions can precisely perceive the prey location with the lowest metabolic rat...Numerous arthropods evolve and optimize sensory systems, enabling them to effectively adapt complex and competitive habitats. Typically, scorpions can precisely perceive the prey location with the lowest metabolic rate among invertebrates. This biological phenomenon contrasts sharply with engineered systems, which generally associates high accuracy with substantial energy consumption. Inspired by the Scorpion Compound Slit Sensilla (SCSS) with a stress field modulation strategy, a bionic positioning sensor with superior precision and minimal power consumption is developed for the first time, which utilizes the particular Minimum Positioning Units (MPUs) to efficiently locate vibration signals. The single MPU of the SCSS can recognize the direction of collinear loads by regulating the stress field distribution and further, the coupling action of three MPUs can realize all-angle vibration monitoring in plane. Experiments demonstrate that the bionic positioning sensor achieves 1.43 degrees of angle-error-free accuracy without additional energy supply. As a proof of concept, two bionic positioning sensors and machine learning algorithm are integrated to provide centimeter (cm)-accuracy target localization, ideally suited for the man-machine interaction. The novel design offers a new mechanism for the design of traditional positioning devices, improving precision and efficiency in both the meta-universe and real-world Internet-connected systems.展开更多
Protein synthesis is essential for cells to perform life metabolic processes.Pathological alterations of protein content can lead to particular diseases.Cells have an intrinsic array of mechanisms and pathways that ar...Protein synthesis is essential for cells to perform life metabolic processes.Pathological alterations of protein content can lead to particular diseases.Cells have an intrinsic array of mechanisms and pathways that are activated when protein misfolding,accumulation,aggregation or mislocalization occur.Some of them(like the unfolded protein response)represent complex interactions between endoplasmic reticulum sensors and elongation factors that tend to increase expression of chaperone proteins and/or repress translation in order to restore protein homeostasis(also known as proteostasis).This is even more important in neurons,as they are very susceptible to harmful effects associated with protein overload and proteostatic mechanisms are less effective with age.Several neurodegenerative pathologies such as Alzheimer’s,Parkinson’s,and Huntington’s diseases,amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and frontotemporal dementia exhibit a particular molecular signature of distinct,unbalanced protein overload.In amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and frontotemporal dementia,the majority of cases present intracellular inclusions of ubiquitinated transactive response DNA-binding protein of 43 kDa(TDP-43).TDP-43 is an RNA binding protein that participates in RNA metabolism,among other functions.Dysregulation of TDP-43(e.g.aggregation and mislocalization)can dramatically affect neurons,and this has been linked to disease development.Expression of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis/frontotemporal dementia TDP-43-related mutations in cellular and animal models has been shown to recapitulate key features of the amyotrophic lateral sclerosis/frontotemporal dementia disease spectrum.These variants can be causative of degeneration onset and progression.Most neurodegenerative diseases(including amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and frontotemporal dementia)have no cure at the moment;however,modulating translation has recently emerged as an attractive approach that can be performed at several steps(i.e.regulating activation of initiation and elongation factors,inhibiting unfolded protein response activation or inducing chaperone expression and activity).This review focuses on the features of protein imbalance in neurodegenerative disorders and the relevance of developing therapeutical compounds aiming at restoring proteostasis.We strive to highlight the importance of research on drugs that,not only restore protein imbalance without compromising translational activity of cells,but are also as safe as possible for the patients.展开更多
The unsupervised multi-modal image translation is an emerging domain of computer vision whose goal is to transform an image from the source domain into many diverse styles in the target domain.However,the multi-genera...The unsupervised multi-modal image translation is an emerging domain of computer vision whose goal is to transform an image from the source domain into many diverse styles in the target domain.However,the multi-generator mechanism is employed among the advanced approaches available to model different domain mappings,which results in inefficient training of neural networks and pattern collapse,leading to inefficient generation of image diversity.To address this issue,this paper introduces a multi-modal unsupervised image translation framework that uses a generator to perform multi-modal image translation.Specifically,firstly,the domain code is introduced in this paper to explicitly control the different generation tasks.Secondly,this paper brings in the squeeze-and-excitation(SE)mechanism and feature attention(FA)module.Finally,the model integrates multiple optimization objectives to ensure efficient multi-modal translation.This paper performs qualitative and quantitative experiments on multiple non-paired benchmark image translation datasets while demonstrating the benefits of the proposed method over existing technologies.Overall,experimental results have shown that the proposed method is versatile and scalable.展开更多
Sodium ion batteries(SIBs)have been regarded as one of the alternatives to lithium ion batteries owing to their wide availability and significantly low cost of sodium sources.However,they face serious challenges of lo...Sodium ion batteries(SIBs)have been regarded as one of the alternatives to lithium ion batteries owing to their wide availability and significantly low cost of sodium sources.However,they face serious challenges of low energy&power density and short cycling lifespan owing to the heavy mass and large radius of Na^(+).Vanadium-based polyanionic compounds have advantageous characteristic of high operating voltage,high ionic conductivity and robust structural framework,which is conducive to their high energy&power density and long lifespan for SIBs.In this review,we will overview the latest V-based polyanionic compounds,along with the respective characteristic from the intrinsic crystal structure to performance presentation and improvement for SIBs.One of the most important aspect is to discover the essential problems existed in the present V-based polyanionic compounds for high-energy&power applications,and point out most suitable solutions from the crystal structure modulation,interface tailoring and electrode configuration design.Moreover,some scientific issues of V-based polyanionic compounds shall be also proposed and related future direction shall be provided.We believe that this review can serve as a motivation for further development of novel V-based polyanionic compounds and drive them toward high energy&power applications in the near future.展开更多
Multi-mode fiber(MMF)links are expected to greatly enhance capacity to cope with rapidly increasing data traffic in optical short-reach systems and networks.Recently,mode division multiplexing(MDM)over MMF has been pr...Multi-mode fiber(MMF)links are expected to greatly enhance capacity to cope with rapidly increasing data traffic in optical short-reach systems and networks.Recently,mode division multiplexing(MDM)over MMF has been proposed,in which different modes in MMF are utilized as spatial channels for data transmission.Stronglycoupled MDM techniques utilizing coherent detection and multiplex-input-multiplex-output(MIMO)digital signal processing(DSP)are complex and expensive for shortreach transmission.So the weakly-coupled approach by significantly suppressing mode coupling in the fiber and optical components has been proposed.In this way,the signals in each mode can be independently transmitted and received using conventional intensity modulation and direct detection(IM-DD).In this paper,we elaborate the key technologies to realize weakly-coupled MDM transmission over conventional MMF,including mode characteristic in MMF and weakly-coupled mode multiplexer/ demultiplexer(MUX/DEMUX).We also present the upto-date experimental results for weakly-coupled MDM transmission over conventional OM3 MMF.We show that weakly-coupled MDM scheme is promising for high-speed optical interconnections and bandwidth upgrade of already-deployed MMF links.展开更多
Obesity driven by high-sugar and high-fat dietary patterns has become a major global health challenge and is closely associated with metabolic syndrome,diabetes,and cardiovascular disorders.Growing evidence indicates ...Obesity driven by high-sugar and high-fat dietary patterns has become a major global health challenge and is closely associated with metabolic syndrome,diabetes,and cardiovascular disorders.Growing evidence indicates that junk food disrupts lipid metabolism,alters gut microbiota,and triggers chronic inflammation,leading to systemic metabolic dysfunction.Traditional Chinese medicine(TCM),rooted in holistic regulation of organ systems,blood circulation,and energy balance,offers multi-target plant-based strategies for modulating obesity.This review summarizes key mechanisms through which Chinese medicinal plants counteract obesity,including appetite suppression,regulation of lipid metabolism,activation of thermogenesis,modulation of gut microbiota,and anti-oxidative and anti-inflammatory actions.Representative herbs such as Panax ginseng,Nelumbo nucifera,Cinnamomum cassia,Gynostemma pentaphyllum,and Pueraria lobata exhibit lipid-lowering,glucose-regulating,and inflammation-modulating activity in experimental and clinical studies.Overall,TCM herbal therapies provide a holistic and safe approach to correcting metabolic imbalance through multi-pathway regulation.However,standardized formulation,mechanistic validation,and large-scale clinical trials are urgently required to establish their efficacy and translational value.Future work integrating traditional knowledge with biomedical research will help position TCM-based phytotherapy as a scientifically grounded strategy for obesity prevention and management.展开更多
Neuropathic pain(NP)represents a considerable clinical challenge,profoundly impacting patients'quality of life.Presently,pharmacotherapy serves as a primary approach for NP alleviation,yet its efficacy often remai...Neuropathic pain(NP)represents a considerable clinical challenge,profoundly impacting patients'quality of life.Presently,pharmacotherapy serves as a primary approach for NP alleviation,yet its efficacy often remains suboptimal.Melatonin(MLT),a biologically active compound secreted by the pineal gland,has long been associated with promoting and maintaining sleep.Although recent studies suggest analgesic effects of MLT,the underlying mechanism remains largely unknown,particularly its impact on the cortex In this study,we induced an NP model in mice through spared nerve injury(SNI)and observed a considerable,dose-dependent alleviation in NP symptoms following intraperitoneal or anterior cingulate cortex(ACC)administration of MLT.Our findings further indicated that the NP management of MLT is selectively mediated by MLT-related receptor 2(MT_(2)R),rather than MT_(1)R,on neurons and microglia within the ACC.Transcriptome sequencing,complemented by bioinformatics analysis,implicated MLT in the modulation of Ga(i)and immune-inflammatory signals.Specifically,MLT inhibited the excitability level of pyramidal cells in the ACC by activating the Ga(i)signaling pathway.Simultaneously,MLT attenuated M,polarization and promoted M_(2)polarization of microglia,thereby mitigating the inflammatory response and type Il interferon response within the Acc.These findings unveil a hitherto unrecognized molecular mechanism:an MLT-mediated neuroimmune modulation pathway in the ACC mediated by MT_(2)R.This elucidation sheds light on the regulatory character of MLT in chronic nociceptive pain conditions,offering a prospective therapeutic strategy for NP management.展开更多
目的观察复方苦参注射液联合同步放化疗治疗局部晚期胃癌的近期临床效果。方法将65例局部晚期胃癌初治患者随机分为治疗组33例和对照组32例。对照组采用适形调强放疗同步卡培他滨化疗,治疗组在对照组基础上同时给予复方苦参注射液20 m L...目的观察复方苦参注射液联合同步放化疗治疗局部晚期胃癌的近期临床效果。方法将65例局部晚期胃癌初治患者随机分为治疗组33例和对照组32例。对照组采用适形调强放疗同步卡培他滨化疗,治疗组在对照组基础上同时给予复方苦参注射液20 m L/次,1次/d,连续5周。观察2组患者近期疗效、生活质量、不良反应。结果治疗组近期疗效有效率为66.67%(22/33),对照组为40.63%(13/32),差异有统计学意义(P=0.031)。血液毒性不良反应中,治疗组白细胞下降发生率为30.30%(10/33),对照组为65.63%(21/32),差异有统计学意义(P=0.004)。治疗组卡氏评分升高26例(78.79%),对照组升高18例(56.25%),差异有统计学意义(P=0.046)。结论复方苦参注射液联合同步放化疗治疗局部晚期胃癌近期效果较好,可减轻不良反应、改善生活质量。展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.52175269)the Foundation for Innovative Research Groups of the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.52021003)+2 种基金Science and Technology Research Project of Education Department of Jilin Province(JJKH20231146KJ,JJKH20241262KJ)Project ZR2024ME104 supported by Shandong Provincial Natural Science FoundationChina Postdoctoral Science Foundation(No.2024M751086).
文摘Numerous arthropods evolve and optimize sensory systems, enabling them to effectively adapt complex and competitive habitats. Typically, scorpions can precisely perceive the prey location with the lowest metabolic rate among invertebrates. This biological phenomenon contrasts sharply with engineered systems, which generally associates high accuracy with substantial energy consumption. Inspired by the Scorpion Compound Slit Sensilla (SCSS) with a stress field modulation strategy, a bionic positioning sensor with superior precision and minimal power consumption is developed for the first time, which utilizes the particular Minimum Positioning Units (MPUs) to efficiently locate vibration signals. The single MPU of the SCSS can recognize the direction of collinear loads by regulating the stress field distribution and further, the coupling action of three MPUs can realize all-angle vibration monitoring in plane. Experiments demonstrate that the bionic positioning sensor achieves 1.43 degrees of angle-error-free accuracy without additional energy supply. As a proof of concept, two bionic positioning sensors and machine learning algorithm are integrated to provide centimeter (cm)-accuracy target localization, ideally suited for the man-machine interaction. The novel design offers a new mechanism for the design of traditional positioning devices, improving precision and efficiency in both the meta-universe and real-world Internet-connected systems.
基金supported by research grants to LMI from University of Buenos Aires(UBACyT)the Agencia Nacional de Promoción Científica y Tecnológica(ANPCyT)under grants PICT 2015-0975 and PICT 2017-2140。
文摘Protein synthesis is essential for cells to perform life metabolic processes.Pathological alterations of protein content can lead to particular diseases.Cells have an intrinsic array of mechanisms and pathways that are activated when protein misfolding,accumulation,aggregation or mislocalization occur.Some of them(like the unfolded protein response)represent complex interactions between endoplasmic reticulum sensors and elongation factors that tend to increase expression of chaperone proteins and/or repress translation in order to restore protein homeostasis(also known as proteostasis).This is even more important in neurons,as they are very susceptible to harmful effects associated with protein overload and proteostatic mechanisms are less effective with age.Several neurodegenerative pathologies such as Alzheimer’s,Parkinson’s,and Huntington’s diseases,amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and frontotemporal dementia exhibit a particular molecular signature of distinct,unbalanced protein overload.In amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and frontotemporal dementia,the majority of cases present intracellular inclusions of ubiquitinated transactive response DNA-binding protein of 43 kDa(TDP-43).TDP-43 is an RNA binding protein that participates in RNA metabolism,among other functions.Dysregulation of TDP-43(e.g.aggregation and mislocalization)can dramatically affect neurons,and this has been linked to disease development.Expression of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis/frontotemporal dementia TDP-43-related mutations in cellular and animal models has been shown to recapitulate key features of the amyotrophic lateral sclerosis/frontotemporal dementia disease spectrum.These variants can be causative of degeneration onset and progression.Most neurodegenerative diseases(including amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and frontotemporal dementia)have no cure at the moment;however,modulating translation has recently emerged as an attractive approach that can be performed at several steps(i.e.regulating activation of initiation and elongation factors,inhibiting unfolded protein response activation or inducing chaperone expression and activity).This review focuses on the features of protein imbalance in neurodegenerative disorders and the relevance of developing therapeutical compounds aiming at restoring proteostasis.We strive to highlight the importance of research on drugs that,not only restore protein imbalance without compromising translational activity of cells,but are also as safe as possible for the patients.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.61976080)the Academic Degrees&Graduate Education Reform Project of Henan Province(No.2021SJGLX195Y)+1 种基金the Teaching Reform Research and Practice Project of Henan Undergraduate Universities(No.2022SYJXLX008)the Key Project on Research and Practice of Henan University Graduate Education and Teaching Reform(No.YJSJG2023XJ006)。
文摘The unsupervised multi-modal image translation is an emerging domain of computer vision whose goal is to transform an image from the source domain into many diverse styles in the target domain.However,the multi-generator mechanism is employed among the advanced approaches available to model different domain mappings,which results in inefficient training of neural networks and pattern collapse,leading to inefficient generation of image diversity.To address this issue,this paper introduces a multi-modal unsupervised image translation framework that uses a generator to perform multi-modal image translation.Specifically,firstly,the domain code is introduced in this paper to explicitly control the different generation tasks.Secondly,this paper brings in the squeeze-and-excitation(SE)mechanism and feature attention(FA)module.Finally,the model integrates multiple optimization objectives to ensure efficient multi-modal translation.This paper performs qualitative and quantitative experiments on multiple non-paired benchmark image translation datasets while demonstrating the benefits of the proposed method over existing technologies.Overall,experimental results have shown that the proposed method is versatile and scalable.
基金financial support from the Strategic Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(XDA21070500)the DNL Cooperation Fund,CAS(DNL201914)。
文摘Sodium ion batteries(SIBs)have been regarded as one of the alternatives to lithium ion batteries owing to their wide availability and significantly low cost of sodium sources.However,they face serious challenges of low energy&power density and short cycling lifespan owing to the heavy mass and large radius of Na^(+).Vanadium-based polyanionic compounds have advantageous characteristic of high operating voltage,high ionic conductivity and robust structural framework,which is conducive to their high energy&power density and long lifespan for SIBs.In this review,we will overview the latest V-based polyanionic compounds,along with the respective characteristic from the intrinsic crystal structure to performance presentation and improvement for SIBs.One of the most important aspect is to discover the essential problems existed in the present V-based polyanionic compounds for high-energy&power applications,and point out most suitable solutions from the crystal structure modulation,interface tailoring and electrode configuration design.Moreover,some scientific issues of V-based polyanionic compounds shall be also proposed and related future direction shall be provided.We believe that this review can serve as a motivation for further development of novel V-based polyanionic compounds and drive them toward high energy&power applications in the near future.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.61771024,61627814,61505002,61690194 and 61605004)Fundamental Research Project of Shenzhen Science and Technology Foundation(Nos.JCYJ 20170412153729436 and 20170307172513653).
文摘Multi-mode fiber(MMF)links are expected to greatly enhance capacity to cope with rapidly increasing data traffic in optical short-reach systems and networks.Recently,mode division multiplexing(MDM)over MMF has been proposed,in which different modes in MMF are utilized as spatial channels for data transmission.Stronglycoupled MDM techniques utilizing coherent detection and multiplex-input-multiplex-output(MIMO)digital signal processing(DSP)are complex and expensive for shortreach transmission.So the weakly-coupled approach by significantly suppressing mode coupling in the fiber and optical components has been proposed.In this way,the signals in each mode can be independently transmitted and received using conventional intensity modulation and direct detection(IM-DD).In this paper,we elaborate the key technologies to realize weakly-coupled MDM transmission over conventional MMF,including mode characteristic in MMF and weakly-coupled mode multiplexer/ demultiplexer(MUX/DEMUX).We also present the upto-date experimental results for weakly-coupled MDM transmission over conventional OM3 MMF.We show that weakly-coupled MDM scheme is promising for high-speed optical interconnections and bandwidth upgrade of already-deployed MMF links.
文摘Obesity driven by high-sugar and high-fat dietary patterns has become a major global health challenge and is closely associated with metabolic syndrome,diabetes,and cardiovascular disorders.Growing evidence indicates that junk food disrupts lipid metabolism,alters gut microbiota,and triggers chronic inflammation,leading to systemic metabolic dysfunction.Traditional Chinese medicine(TCM),rooted in holistic regulation of organ systems,blood circulation,and energy balance,offers multi-target plant-based strategies for modulating obesity.This review summarizes key mechanisms through which Chinese medicinal plants counteract obesity,including appetite suppression,regulation of lipid metabolism,activation of thermogenesis,modulation of gut microbiota,and anti-oxidative and anti-inflammatory actions.Representative herbs such as Panax ginseng,Nelumbo nucifera,Cinnamomum cassia,Gynostemma pentaphyllum,and Pueraria lobata exhibit lipid-lowering,glucose-regulating,and inflammation-modulating activity in experimental and clinical studies.Overall,TCM herbal therapies provide a holistic and safe approach to correcting metabolic imbalance through multi-pathway regulation.However,standardized formulation,mechanistic validation,and large-scale clinical trials are urgently required to establish their efficacy and translational value.Future work integrating traditional knowledge with biomedical research will help position TCM-based phytotherapy as a scientifically grounded strategy for obesity prevention and management.
基金supported by grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(32192410 and 32071000 to T.Chen,and 81620108008 and 82130034 to Y.L.)the National Science and Technology Innovation 2030 Major Program(2021ZD0204403 to Y.L.and 2021ZD0203200-02 to L.Zhang).
文摘Neuropathic pain(NP)represents a considerable clinical challenge,profoundly impacting patients'quality of life.Presently,pharmacotherapy serves as a primary approach for NP alleviation,yet its efficacy often remains suboptimal.Melatonin(MLT),a biologically active compound secreted by the pineal gland,has long been associated with promoting and maintaining sleep.Although recent studies suggest analgesic effects of MLT,the underlying mechanism remains largely unknown,particularly its impact on the cortex In this study,we induced an NP model in mice through spared nerve injury(SNI)and observed a considerable,dose-dependent alleviation in NP symptoms following intraperitoneal or anterior cingulate cortex(ACC)administration of MLT.Our findings further indicated that the NP management of MLT is selectively mediated by MLT-related receptor 2(MT_(2)R),rather than MT_(1)R,on neurons and microglia within the ACC.Transcriptome sequencing,complemented by bioinformatics analysis,implicated MLT in the modulation of Ga(i)and immune-inflammatory signals.Specifically,MLT inhibited the excitability level of pyramidal cells in the ACC by activating the Ga(i)signaling pathway.Simultaneously,MLT attenuated M,polarization and promoted M_(2)polarization of microglia,thereby mitigating the inflammatory response and type Il interferon response within the Acc.These findings unveil a hitherto unrecognized molecular mechanism:an MLT-mediated neuroimmune modulation pathway in the ACC mediated by MT_(2)R.This elucidation sheds light on the regulatory character of MLT in chronic nociceptive pain conditions,offering a prospective therapeutic strategy for NP management.
文摘目的观察复方苦参注射液联合同步放化疗治疗局部晚期胃癌的近期临床效果。方法将65例局部晚期胃癌初治患者随机分为治疗组33例和对照组32例。对照组采用适形调强放疗同步卡培他滨化疗,治疗组在对照组基础上同时给予复方苦参注射液20 m L/次,1次/d,连续5周。观察2组患者近期疗效、生活质量、不良反应。结果治疗组近期疗效有效率为66.67%(22/33),对照组为40.63%(13/32),差异有统计学意义(P=0.031)。血液毒性不良反应中,治疗组白细胞下降发生率为30.30%(10/33),对照组为65.63%(21/32),差异有统计学意义(P=0.004)。治疗组卡氏评分升高26例(78.79%),对照组升高18例(56.25%),差异有统计学意义(P=0.046)。结论复方苦参注射液联合同步放化疗治疗局部晚期胃癌近期效果较好,可减轻不良反应、改善生活质量。
