Based on a coupled ocean-atmosphere model, the response of the Indian Ocean Dipole (IOD) mode to global warming is investigated with a six member ensemble of simulations for the period 1850-2100. The model can simulat...Based on a coupled ocean-atmosphere model, the response of the Indian Ocean Dipole (IOD) mode to global warming is investigated with a six member ensemble of simulations for the period 1850-2100. The model can simulate the IOD features rea-listically, including the east-west dipole pattern and the phase locking in boreal autumn. The ensemble analysis suppresses internal variability and isolates the radiative forced response. In response to increasing greenhouse gases, a weakening of the Walker circula-tion leads to the easterly wind anomalies in the equatorial Indian Ocean and the shoaling thermocline in the eastern equatorial Indian Ocean (EEIO), and sea surface temperature and precipitation changes show an IOD-like pattern in the equatorial Indian Ocean. Al-though the thermocline feedback intensifies with shoaling, the interannual variability of the IOD mode surprisingly weakens under global warming. The zonal wind feedback of IOD is found to weaken as well, due to decreased precipitation in the EEIO. Therefore, the atmospheric feedback decreases much more than the oceanic feedback increases, causing the decreased IOD variance in this model.展开更多
1 Multi-member Deposits An ore deposit is generally composed of one type of deposits. For example,quartz vein deposits consist of quartz type of vein deposits; porphyry type of depositconsists of porphyry deposits. Ho...1 Multi-member Deposits An ore deposit is generally composed of one type of deposits. For example,quartz vein deposits consist of quartz type of vein deposits; porphyry type of depositconsists of porphyry deposits. However, exceptions also exist: a deposit can becomposed of two or three types of deposits which are genetically linked. This typeof deposit is named here multi-member deposit. In multi-member deposits, a展开更多
基金supported by the National Basic Research Program of China(2012CB955603)the Natural Science Foundation of China(41106010,41176006)+1 种基金the 111 Project(B07036)the Qianren Program
文摘Based on a coupled ocean-atmosphere model, the response of the Indian Ocean Dipole (IOD) mode to global warming is investigated with a six member ensemble of simulations for the period 1850-2100. The model can simulate the IOD features rea-listically, including the east-west dipole pattern and the phase locking in boreal autumn. The ensemble analysis suppresses internal variability and isolates the radiative forced response. In response to increasing greenhouse gases, a weakening of the Walker circula-tion leads to the easterly wind anomalies in the equatorial Indian Ocean and the shoaling thermocline in the eastern equatorial Indian Ocean (EEIO), and sea surface temperature and precipitation changes show an IOD-like pattern in the equatorial Indian Ocean. Al-though the thermocline feedback intensifies with shoaling, the interannual variability of the IOD mode surprisingly weakens under global warming. The zonal wind feedback of IOD is found to weaken as well, due to decreased precipitation in the EEIO. Therefore, the atmospheric feedback decreases much more than the oceanic feedback increases, causing the decreased IOD variance in this model.
基金Project supported by the Doctor's Foundation of the National Education Committee of China the National Natural Science Foundation of China.
文摘1 Multi-member Deposits An ore deposit is generally composed of one type of deposits. For example,quartz vein deposits consist of quartz type of vein deposits; porphyry type of depositconsists of porphyry deposits. However, exceptions also exist: a deposit can becomposed of two or three types of deposits which are genetically linked. This typeof deposit is named here multi-member deposit. In multi-member deposits, a
文摘针对多站无源雷达背景下多起伏目标同时检测和跟踪的问题,该文提出一种基于多目标多伯努利(Me MBer)滤波器的多起伏目标检测前跟踪(TBD)算法。由于起伏目标的平均信噪比(SNR)未知使得目标的回波幅度似然函数不确定,该文假定包络检波器的输出平均SNR服从先验的均匀分布,并对可能取值区间进行边缘化处理,得到一个估计的似然函数,基于该估计的似然函数,融合中心利用所有收发对的幅度观测信息对Me MBer滤波器的各个预测分量进行更新。仿真结果表明,该算法能够有效地同时检测和跟踪多起伏目标,并且在平均SNR大于9 d B时,其性能与平均SNR已知情况下的性能近似。
