As the demand for versatile phosphors in lighting,security,and information display technologies continues to increase,achieving stable luminescence and adaptable multicolor outputs has become increasingly paramount an...As the demand for versatile phosphors in lighting,security,and information display technologies continues to increase,achieving stable luminescence and adaptable multicolor outputs has become increasingly paramount and urgent.In this study,a Dy^(3+)-Eu^(3+)energy transfer was constructed in a barium phosphate Ba5P6O20 matrix,allowing for tunable emission with the blue/yellow parts from Dy^(3+)(^(4)F_(9/2)→^(6)H_(15/2)/^(6)H_(13/2))and the red parts from Eu^(3+)(^(5)D_(0)→^(7)F_(2,3,4)).The energy transfer mechanism,color tunability,and heat-resistant ability were thoroughly elucidated.As a representative,the BPO:0.05Dy^(3+),0.08Eu^(3+)phosphor exhibits multicolor emission behavior under different excitations.Meanwhile,at temperatures up to 473 K,the luminescence intensity remains over 90%of the initial level.Subsequently,phosphor-based white lighting,latent fingerprint visualizatio n,and UV-responsive signage applications were successfully developed.These findings confirm the potential of Dy^(3+)-Eu^(3+)energy transfer method to obtain versatile phosphors.展开更多
An advanced nonlinear robust control scheme is proposed for multi-machine power systems equipped with thyristor-controlled series compensation (TCSC). First, a decentralized nonlinear robust control approach based on ...An advanced nonlinear robust control scheme is proposed for multi-machine power systems equipped with thyristor-controlled series compensation (TCSC). First, a decentralized nonlinear robust control approach based on the feedback linearization and H∞ theory is introduced to eliminate the nonlinearities and interconnections of the studied system, and to attenuate the exogenous disturbances that enter die system. Then, a system model is built up, which has considered all the generators’ and TCSC’s dynamics, and the effects of uncertainties such as disturbances. Next, a decentralized nonlinear robust coordinated control law is developed based on this model. Simulation results on a six-machine power system show that the transient stability of the power system is obviously improved and die power transfer capacity of long distance transmission lines is enhanced regardless of fault locations and system operation points. In addition, the control law has engineering practicality since all the variables in the expression of he control strategy can be measured locally.展开更多
In this study,the entropy weight method was used to measure the agricultural versatility of 30 provinces in China(excluding Tibet,Hong Kong region,Macao region,and Taiwan region of China)from 2008 to 2019.In addition,...In this study,the entropy weight method was used to measure the agricultural versatility of 30 provinces in China(excluding Tibet,Hong Kong region,Macao region,and Taiwan region of China)from 2008 to 2019.In addition,the Theil index method and kernel density estimation were used to analyze the spatiotemporal characteristics of the agricultural versatility in each province.The results show that the agricultural product supply and social security functions rapidly developed,but the economic development was weak.From 2008 to 2019,the total functional index of agriculture increased by 6.74%;the functional index of the agricultural product supply,social security,and ecological services increased by 12.72%,5.53%,and 2.05%,respectively;and the functional index of economic development decreased by 1.32%.The development of agricultural multifunctions in China is regionally heterogeneous.Based on the Theil index method,the differences in the agricultural functions of the three regions are mainly due to intragroup differences.The contribution of intragroup differences of the eight economic regions is significantly lower than that of the three regions.However,intragroup differences dominate the agricultural product supply,economic development,and social security functions and intergroup differences control the ecological service function.The kernel density estimation curve shows that the overall agricultural functional evaluation index increased,among which the agricultural product supply function increased the most.展开更多
Results of an investigation on the application of STATCOM for damping subsynchronous resonance (SSR) in a multi-machine system is presented in this paper. For a multi-machine system which has a set of identical parall...Results of an investigation on the application of STATCOM for damping subsynchronous resonance (SSR) in a multi-machine system is presented in this paper. For a multi-machine system which has a set of identical parallel turbine-generators or non-identical turbine-generators having torsional modes of the same frequency, generators may suffer from the same mode of torsional interaction corresponding to a certain series compensation degrees. Generators in such system may have different oscillation behaviors when they are unequally loaded or have different shaft and electrical parameters. Serving as the grid-side equipment, the reactive power output of a STATCOM could have an impact on all generators electrical distance nearby. Thus a single STATCOM could be used to damp torsional interactions of multi-generators when additional proper control strategy is supplemented. In this paper, control strategy of using STATCOM to damp SSR in a multi-machine system is designed and its effectiveness is validated based on a modified IEEE second benchmark model.展开更多
BACKGROUND We have innovatively amalgamated membrane blood purification and centrifugal blood cell separation technologies to address the limitations of current artificial liver support(ALS)models,and develop a versat...BACKGROUND We have innovatively amalgamated membrane blood purification and centrifugal blood cell separation technologies to address the limitations of current artificial liver support(ALS)models,and develop a versatile plasma purification system(VPPS)through centrifugal plasma separation.AIM To investigate the influence of VPPS on long-term rehospitalization and mortality rates among patients with acute-on-chronic liver failure(ACLF).METHODS This real-world,prospective study recruited inpatients diagnosed with ACLF from the Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University between October 2021 and March 2024.Patients were categorized into the VPPS and non-VPPS groups based on the distinct ALS models administered to them.Self-administered questionnaires,clinical records,and self-reported data served as the primary methods for data collection.The laboratory results were evaluated at six distinct time points.All patients were subjected to follow-up assessments for>12 months.Kaplan-Meier survival analyses and Cox proportional hazards models were used to evaluate the risks of hospitalization and mortality during the follow-up period.RESULTS A cohort of 502 patients diagnosed with ACLF was recruited,with 260 assigned to the VPPS group.On comparing baseline characteristics,the VPPS group exhibited a significantly shorter length of stay,higher incidence of spontaneous peritonitis and pulmonary aspergillosis compared to the non-VPPS group(P<0.05).Agehazard ratio(HR=1.142,95%CI:1.01-1.23,P=0.018),peritonitis(HR=2.825,95%CI:1.07-6.382,P=0.026),albumin(HR=0.67,95%CI:0.46-0.942,P=0.023),total bilirubin(HR=1.26,95%CI:1.01-3.25,P=0.021),international normalized ratio(HR=1.97,95%CI:1.21-2.908,P=0.014),and VPPS/non-VPPS(HR=3.24,95%CI:2.152-4.76,P<0.001)were identified as significant independent predictors of mortality in both univariate and multivariate analyses throughout the follow-up period.Kaplan-Meier survival analyses demonstrated significantly higher rehospitalization and mortality rates in the non-VPPS group compared to the VPPS group during follow-up of≥2 years(log-rank test,P<0.001).CONCLUSION These findings suggest that VPPS is safe and has a positive influence on prognostic outcomes in patients with ACLF.展开更多
With digital coding technology,reconfigurable intelligent surfaces(RISs)become powerful real-time sys-tems for manipulating electromagnetic(EM)waves.However,most automatic RIS designs involve exten-sive numerical simu...With digital coding technology,reconfigurable intelligent surfaces(RISs)become powerful real-time sys-tems for manipulating electromagnetic(EM)waves.However,most automatic RIS designs involve exten-sive numerical simulations of the unit,including the passive pattern and active devices,requiring high data acquisition and training costs.In addition,for passive patterns,the widely employed random pixe-lated method presents design efficiency and effectiveness challenges due to the massive pixel combina-tions and blocked excitation current flow in discrete patterns.To overcome these two critical problems,we propose a versatile RIS design paradigm with efficient topology representation and a separate design architecture.First,a non-uniform rational B-spline(NURBS)is introduced to represent continuous pat-terns and solve excitation current flow issues.This representation makes it possible to finely tune con-tinuous patterns with several control points,greatly reducing the pattern solution space by 20-fold and facilitating RIS optimization.Then,employing multiport network theory to separate the passive pat-tern and active device from the unit,the separate design architecture significantly reduces the dataset acquisition cost by 62.5%.Through multistep multiport calculation,the multistate EM responses of the RIS under different structural combinations can be quickly obtained with only one prediction of pattern response,thereby achieving dataset and model reuse for different RIS designs.With a hybrid continuous-discrete optimization algorithm,three examples—including two typical high-performance RISs and an ultra-wideband multilayer RIS—are provided to validate the superiority of our paradigm.Our work offers an efficient solution for RIS automatic design,and the resulting structure is expected to boost RIS appli-cations in the fields of wireless communication and sensing.展开更多
This paper proposes an equivalent modeling method for photovoltaic(PV)power stations via a particle swarm optimization(PSO)K-means clustering(KMC)algorithm with passive filter parameter clustering to address the compl...This paper proposes an equivalent modeling method for photovoltaic(PV)power stations via a particle swarm optimization(PSO)K-means clustering(KMC)algorithm with passive filter parameter clustering to address the complexities,simulation time cost and convergence problems of detailed PV power station models.First,the amplitude–frequency curves of different filter parameters are analyzed.Based on the results,a grouping parameter set for characterizing the external filter characteristics is established.These parameters are further defined as clustering parameters.A single PV inverter model is then established as a prerequisite foundation.The proposed equivalent method combines the global search capability of PSO with the rapid convergence of KMC,effectively overcoming the tendency of KMC to become trapped in local optima.This approach enhances both clustering accuracy and numerical stability when determining equivalence for PV inverter units.Using the proposed clustering method,both a detailed PV power station model and an equivalent model are developed and compared.Simulation and hardwarein-loop(HIL)results based on the equivalent model verify that the equivalent method accurately represents the dynamic characteristics of PVpower stations and adapts well to different operating conditions.The proposed equivalent modeling method provides an effective analysis tool for future renewable energy integration research.展开更多
The novel graphitic nanomaterial of metal graphitic nanocapsules(MGNs) with superior stability, unique optical properties and biocompatibility possess great potential in biomedical and bioanalytical applications. The ...The novel graphitic nanomaterial of metal graphitic nanocapsules(MGNs) with superior stability, unique optical properties and biocompatibility possess great potential in biomedical and bioanalytical applications. The graphitic shell can quench the background fluorescence interference from external environments via a fluorescence resonance energy transfer(FRET) process and even avoid unnecessary reactions catalyzed by inner metal core. The graphitic shell with several characteristic Raman bands itself can act as Raman signal probe or internal standard(IS), especially the 2D-band within the cellular Raman-silent region helps to reduce the interference signals from external conditions. The present context attempts to give a comprehensive overview about the preparation and unique properties of MGNs as well as their applications in SERS biodetection and bioimaging.展开更多
A versatile peroxidase (VP-Peco60-7 ) was generated and purified from the liquid culture of Pleurotus eryngii. The purification procedure included ammonium sulfate precipitation, ion exchange chromatography, and gel c...A versatile peroxidase (VP-Peco60-7 ) was generated and purified from the liquid culture of Pleurotus eryngii. The purification procedure included ammonium sulfate precipitation, ion exchange chromatography, and gel chromatography. The molecular weight and isoelectric point (pI) of VP-Peco60-7 were determined to be approxi-mately 40 kDa and 4.1, respectively. By N-terminal sequence determination and peptide mapping analysis, VP-Peco60-7 was found to be similar to the versatile peroxidase isoenzyme VPL1, which was previously isolated from liquid cultures of the same species. However, the molecular weight and pI of VP-Peco60-7 were different from those of versatile peroxidases of liquid cultures, implying that the VP-Peco60-7 in this study is of a novel type. With 2,2′-azino-bis-(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonic acid) (ABTS) as a substrate, the maximal enzyme activity was obtained at 50 °C and pH 3.0. The catalysis of ABTS by VP-Peco60-7 was expressed by the Michaelis-Menten equa-tion. At 50 °C and pH 3.0, the maximum velocity (V max ) was 188.68 U·mg-1 and the michaelis constant (K m ) was 203.09 μmol·L-1 .展开更多
In this study,a versatile fluorine-bearing gel membrane with multi-scale nanofibers was rationally designed and synthesized via facile one-step blend electrospinning of nano-titanium dioxide(TiO_(2))particles and fluo...In this study,a versatile fluorine-bearing gel membrane with multi-scale nanofibers was rationally designed and synthesized via facile one-step blend electrospinning of nano-titanium dioxide(TiO_(2))particles and fluorinated poly-m-phenyleneisophthalamide(PMIA)polymer solution.The prepared multiscale TiO_(2)-assisted gel separator presented relatively high porosity,small aperture,giving rise to superior affinity to electrolyte and sufficient active sites to accelerate lithium ions migration.Meanwhile,the asfabricated multifunctional GPE also rendered outstanding heat-resistance and well-distributed lithiumions flux,and the mutual overlaps between the coarse fibers and the fine fibers within the multi-scale nanofiber membrane provided a strong skeleton support,which in turn laid a solid footing stone for high-security and dendrite-proof batteries.Particularly,the nano-TiO_(2) particles within PMIA membrane acted as"gatekeepers",which can not only resist the growth of lithium dendrites,but also intercept the dissolved polysulfide on cathode side.Based on these merits,the gel PMIA-based lithium cobalt(LCO)/lithium battery obtained the remarkably improved rate capability and cycle performances on account of superior ionic conductivity,steady anodic stability window and weakened polarization behavior.Meanwhile,the resultant lithium-sulfur cell also delivered the outstanding cycling stability with the aid of the greatly prevented"shuttle effect"of dissolved lithium polysulfides based on the physical trapping and chemical binding of the prepared GPE to polysulfides species.This work proved that the addition of functional inorganic nanoparticles similar with TiO_(2) in multi-scale gel PMIA membrane can enhance the lithium ions transport capability,resist the growth of lithium dendrites as well as inhibit the shuttle effect of polysulfides,which would prompt a great development for dendrite-blocking and polysulfideinhibiting lithium-metal cells.展开更多
Atmospheric simulation chambers,are unique tools for investigating atmospheric processes in the gas and heterogeneous phases.They can provide a controlled yet realistic environment that simulates atmospheric condition...Atmospheric simulation chambers,are unique tools for investigating atmospheric processes in the gas and heterogeneous phases.They can provide a controlled yet realistic environment that simulates atmospheric conditions.In the current study,a Teflon atmospheric simulation chamber of 600 L,named THALAMOS(thermally regulated atmospheric simulation chamber) has been developed and cross-validated.THALAMOS can be operated over the temperature range 233 to 373 K under both static and flow conditions.It is equipped with state of the art instrumentation(selective ion flow tube mass spectrometry(SIFT-MS),long path Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy(FTIR),gas chromatography-mass spectrometry(GC-MS),various analyzers) for the in-line monitoring of both reactants and products.THALAMOS was validated by measuring the rate coefficients of well documented reactions,i.e.the reaction of ethanol with OH radicals and the reaction of dichloromethane with Cl atoms,in a wide temperature range.Two different detection techniques were used in parallel,FTIR and SIFT-MS,to internally cross-validate the obtained results.The measured rate coefficients are in excellent agreement,both between each other and with the literature recommended values.Furthermore,the gas phase oxidation of toluene by Cl atoms(kinetics and product yields) was studied in the temperature range of 253 to 333 K.To the best of our knowledge,THALAMOS is a unique facility on national level and among a few smog chambers internationally that can be operated in such a wide temperature range providing the scientific community with a versatile tool to simulate both outdoor and indoor physicochemical processes.展开更多
We propose a versatile electrostatic trap scheme using several charged spherical electrodes and a bias electric held.We hrst give the two-ball scheme and derive the analytical solution of the electric held.In order to...We propose a versatile electrostatic trap scheme using several charged spherical electrodes and a bias electric held.We hrst give the two-ball scheme and derive the analytical solution of the electric held.In order to make a comparison,we also give the numerical solution calculated by the hnite element software（Ansoft Maxwell）.Considering the loading of cold polar molecules into the trap,we give the three-ball scheme.We hrst give the analytical and numerical solutions of the distribution of the electric held.Then we simulate the dynamic process of the loading and trapping cold molecules using the classical Monte Carlo method.We analyze the influence of the velocity of the incident molecular beam and the loading time on the loading efficiency.After that,we give the temperature of the trapped cold molecules.Our study shows that the loading efficiency can reach 82%,and the corresponding temperature of the trapped molecules is about 24.6 mK.At last,we show that the single well divides into two ones by increasing the bias electric held or decreasing the voltages applied to the spherical electrodes.展开更多
A new Chien search method for shortened Reed-Solomon （RS） code is proposed, based on this, a versatile RS decoder for correcting both errors and erasures is designed. Compared with the traditional RS decoder, the we...A new Chien search method for shortened Reed-Solomon （RS） code is proposed, based on this, a versatile RS decoder for correcting both errors and erasures is designed. Compared with the traditional RS decoder, the weighted coefficient of the Chien search method is calculated sequentially through the three pipelined stages of the decoder. And therefore, the computation of the errata locator polynomial and errata evaluator polynomial needs to be modified. The versatile RS decoder with minimum distance 21 has been synthesized in the Xilinx Virtex-Ⅱ series field programmable gate array （FPGA） xe2v1000-5 and is used by coneatenated coding system for satellite communication. Results show that the maximum data processing rate can be up to 1.3 Gbit/s.展开更多
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(22165031)Yunnan Fundamental Research Project(202401AS070128)+1 种基金Project of Yunnan Key Laboratory of Electromagnetic Materials and Devices(ZZ2024003)Undergraduate Innovation and Entrepreneurship Foundation in Yunnan Province(S202410673214)。
文摘As the demand for versatile phosphors in lighting,security,and information display technologies continues to increase,achieving stable luminescence and adaptable multicolor outputs has become increasingly paramount and urgent.In this study,a Dy^(3+)-Eu^(3+)energy transfer was constructed in a barium phosphate Ba5P6O20 matrix,allowing for tunable emission with the blue/yellow parts from Dy^(3+)(^(4)F_(9/2)→^(6)H_(15/2)/^(6)H_(13/2))and the red parts from Eu^(3+)(^(5)D_(0)→^(7)F_(2,3,4)).The energy transfer mechanism,color tunability,and heat-resistant ability were thoroughly elucidated.As a representative,the BPO:0.05Dy^(3+),0.08Eu^(3+)phosphor exhibits multicolor emission behavior under different excitations.Meanwhile,at temperatures up to 473 K,the luminescence intensity remains over 90%of the initial level.Subsequently,phosphor-based white lighting,latent fingerprint visualizatio n,and UV-responsive signage applications were successfully developed.These findings confirm the potential of Dy^(3+)-Eu^(3+)energy transfer method to obtain versatile phosphors.
基金This work was supported by Chinese National Natural Science Foundation(No.50377018)Chinese National Key Basic Research Fund(No.G1998020309)by New Energy and Industrial Technology Development Organization of Japan.
文摘An advanced nonlinear robust control scheme is proposed for multi-machine power systems equipped with thyristor-controlled series compensation (TCSC). First, a decentralized nonlinear robust control approach based on the feedback linearization and H∞ theory is introduced to eliminate the nonlinearities and interconnections of the studied system, and to attenuate the exogenous disturbances that enter die system. Then, a system model is built up, which has considered all the generators’ and TCSC’s dynamics, and the effects of uncertainties such as disturbances. Next, a decentralized nonlinear robust coordinated control law is developed based on this model. Simulation results on a six-machine power system show that the transient stability of the power system is obviously improved and die power transfer capacity of long distance transmission lines is enhanced regardless of fault locations and system operation points. In addition, the control law has engineering practicality since all the variables in the expression of he control strategy can be measured locally.
文摘In this study,the entropy weight method was used to measure the agricultural versatility of 30 provinces in China(excluding Tibet,Hong Kong region,Macao region,and Taiwan region of China)from 2008 to 2019.In addition,the Theil index method and kernel density estimation were used to analyze the spatiotemporal characteristics of the agricultural versatility in each province.The results show that the agricultural product supply and social security functions rapidly developed,but the economic development was weak.From 2008 to 2019,the total functional index of agriculture increased by 6.74%;the functional index of the agricultural product supply,social security,and ecological services increased by 12.72%,5.53%,and 2.05%,respectively;and the functional index of economic development decreased by 1.32%.The development of agricultural multifunctions in China is regionally heterogeneous.Based on the Theil index method,the differences in the agricultural functions of the three regions are mainly due to intragroup differences.The contribution of intragroup differences of the eight economic regions is significantly lower than that of the three regions.However,intragroup differences dominate the agricultural product supply,economic development,and social security functions and intergroup differences control the ecological service function.The kernel density estimation curve shows that the overall agricultural functional evaluation index increased,among which the agricultural product supply function increased the most.
文摘Results of an investigation on the application of STATCOM for damping subsynchronous resonance (SSR) in a multi-machine system is presented in this paper. For a multi-machine system which has a set of identical parallel turbine-generators or non-identical turbine-generators having torsional modes of the same frequency, generators may suffer from the same mode of torsional interaction corresponding to a certain series compensation degrees. Generators in such system may have different oscillation behaviors when they are unequally loaded or have different shaft and electrical parameters. Serving as the grid-side equipment, the reactive power output of a STATCOM could have an impact on all generators electrical distance nearby. Thus a single STATCOM could be used to damp torsional interactions of multi-generators when additional proper control strategy is supplemented. In this paper, control strategy of using STATCOM to damp SSR in a multi-machine system is designed and its effectiveness is validated based on a modified IEEE second benchmark model.
基金Supported by Natural Science Foundation of Hunan Province,China,No.2022JJ30842 and No.2024JJ6560Clinical Medical Research Center for Viral Hepatitis of Hunan Province,No.2023SK4009Beijing iGandan Foundation,No.RGGJJ-2021-017 and No.iGandanF-1082022-RGG023.
文摘BACKGROUND We have innovatively amalgamated membrane blood purification and centrifugal blood cell separation technologies to address the limitations of current artificial liver support(ALS)models,and develop a versatile plasma purification system(VPPS)through centrifugal plasma separation.AIM To investigate the influence of VPPS on long-term rehospitalization and mortality rates among patients with acute-on-chronic liver failure(ACLF).METHODS This real-world,prospective study recruited inpatients diagnosed with ACLF from the Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University between October 2021 and March 2024.Patients were categorized into the VPPS and non-VPPS groups based on the distinct ALS models administered to them.Self-administered questionnaires,clinical records,and self-reported data served as the primary methods for data collection.The laboratory results were evaluated at six distinct time points.All patients were subjected to follow-up assessments for>12 months.Kaplan-Meier survival analyses and Cox proportional hazards models were used to evaluate the risks of hospitalization and mortality during the follow-up period.RESULTS A cohort of 502 patients diagnosed with ACLF was recruited,with 260 assigned to the VPPS group.On comparing baseline characteristics,the VPPS group exhibited a significantly shorter length of stay,higher incidence of spontaneous peritonitis and pulmonary aspergillosis compared to the non-VPPS group(P<0.05).Agehazard ratio(HR=1.142,95%CI:1.01-1.23,P=0.018),peritonitis(HR=2.825,95%CI:1.07-6.382,P=0.026),albumin(HR=0.67,95%CI:0.46-0.942,P=0.023),total bilirubin(HR=1.26,95%CI:1.01-3.25,P=0.021),international normalized ratio(HR=1.97,95%CI:1.21-2.908,P=0.014),and VPPS/non-VPPS(HR=3.24,95%CI:2.152-4.76,P<0.001)were identified as significant independent predictors of mortality in both univariate and multivariate analyses throughout the follow-up period.Kaplan-Meier survival analyses demonstrated significantly higher rehospitalization and mortality rates in the non-VPPS group compared to the VPPS group during follow-up of≥2 years(log-rank test,P<0.001).CONCLUSION These findings suggest that VPPS is safe and has a positive influence on prognostic outcomes in patients with ACLF.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2023YFB3811502)the National Science Foundation of China(62225108)+5 种基金the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(2242022k60003)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(62288101 and 62201139)the Jiangsu Province Frontier Leading Technology Basic Research Project(BK20212002)the Jiangsu Provincial Scientific Research Center of Applied Mathematics(BK20233002)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(2242024RCB0005 and 2242024K30009)the 111 Project(111-2-05).
文摘With digital coding technology,reconfigurable intelligent surfaces(RISs)become powerful real-time sys-tems for manipulating electromagnetic(EM)waves.However,most automatic RIS designs involve exten-sive numerical simulations of the unit,including the passive pattern and active devices,requiring high data acquisition and training costs.In addition,for passive patterns,the widely employed random pixe-lated method presents design efficiency and effectiveness challenges due to the massive pixel combina-tions and blocked excitation current flow in discrete patterns.To overcome these two critical problems,we propose a versatile RIS design paradigm with efficient topology representation and a separate design architecture.First,a non-uniform rational B-spline(NURBS)is introduced to represent continuous pat-terns and solve excitation current flow issues.This representation makes it possible to finely tune con-tinuous patterns with several control points,greatly reducing the pattern solution space by 20-fold and facilitating RIS optimization.Then,employing multiport network theory to separate the passive pat-tern and active device from the unit,the separate design architecture significantly reduces the dataset acquisition cost by 62.5%.Through multistep multiport calculation,the multistate EM responses of the RIS under different structural combinations can be quickly obtained with only one prediction of pattern response,thereby achieving dataset and model reuse for different RIS designs.With a hybrid continuous-discrete optimization algorithm,three examples—including two typical high-performance RISs and an ultra-wideband multilayer RIS—are provided to validate the superiority of our paradigm.Our work offers an efficient solution for RIS automatic design,and the resulting structure is expected to boost RIS appli-cations in the fields of wireless communication and sensing.
基金supported by the Research Project of China Southern Power Grid(No.056200KK52222031).
文摘This paper proposes an equivalent modeling method for photovoltaic(PV)power stations via a particle swarm optimization(PSO)K-means clustering(KMC)algorithm with passive filter parameter clustering to address the complexities,simulation time cost and convergence problems of detailed PV power station models.First,the amplitude–frequency curves of different filter parameters are analyzed.Based on the results,a grouping parameter set for characterizing the external filter characteristics is established.These parameters are further defined as clustering parameters.A single PV inverter model is then established as a prerequisite foundation.The proposed equivalent method combines the global search capability of PSO with the rapid convergence of KMC,effectively overcoming the tendency of KMC to become trapped in local optima.This approach enhances both clustering accuracy and numerical stability when determining equivalence for PV inverter units.Using the proposed clustering method,both a detailed PV power station model and an equivalent model are developed and compared.Simulation and hardwarein-loop(HIL)results based on the equivalent model verify that the equivalent method accurately represents the dynamic characteristics of PVpower stations and adapts well to different operating conditions.The proposed equivalent modeling method provides an effective analysis tool for future renewable energy integration research.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 21522501)Hunan Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 2018JJ1007)Science and Technology Development Fund, Macao (No. 196/2017/A3)
文摘The novel graphitic nanomaterial of metal graphitic nanocapsules(MGNs) with superior stability, unique optical properties and biocompatibility possess great potential in biomedical and bioanalytical applications. The graphitic shell can quench the background fluorescence interference from external environments via a fluorescence resonance energy transfer(FRET) process and even avoid unnecessary reactions catalyzed by inner metal core. The graphitic shell with several characteristic Raman bands itself can act as Raman signal probe or internal standard(IS), especially the 2D-band within the cellular Raman-silent region helps to reduce the interference signals from external conditions. The present context attempts to give a comprehensive overview about the preparation and unique properties of MGNs as well as their applications in SERS biodetection and bioimaging.
基金Supported by the Special Funds for Major State Basic Research Program of China （2007CB707805） the Natural Science Foundation of Zhejiang Province （Y505334）
文摘A versatile peroxidase (VP-Peco60-7 ) was generated and purified from the liquid culture of Pleurotus eryngii. The purification procedure included ammonium sulfate precipitation, ion exchange chromatography, and gel chromatography. The molecular weight and isoelectric point (pI) of VP-Peco60-7 were determined to be approxi-mately 40 kDa and 4.1, respectively. By N-terminal sequence determination and peptide mapping analysis, VP-Peco60-7 was found to be similar to the versatile peroxidase isoenzyme VPL1, which was previously isolated from liquid cultures of the same species. However, the molecular weight and pI of VP-Peco60-7 were different from those of versatile peroxidases of liquid cultures, implying that the VP-Peco60-7 in this study is of a novel type. With 2,2′-azino-bis-(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonic acid) (ABTS) as a substrate, the maximal enzyme activity was obtained at 50 °C and pH 3.0. The catalysis of ABTS by VP-Peco60-7 was expressed by the Michaelis-Menten equa-tion. At 50 °C and pH 3.0, the maximum velocity (V max ) was 188.68 U·mg-1 and the michaelis constant (K m ) was 203.09 μmol·L-1 .
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(51678411)the National Key Technology R&D Program(2016YFB0303300)the Science and Technology Plans of Tianjin(Nos.19PTSYJC00010 and 18PTSYJC00180)。
文摘In this study,a versatile fluorine-bearing gel membrane with multi-scale nanofibers was rationally designed and synthesized via facile one-step blend electrospinning of nano-titanium dioxide(TiO_(2))particles and fluorinated poly-m-phenyleneisophthalamide(PMIA)polymer solution.The prepared multiscale TiO_(2)-assisted gel separator presented relatively high porosity,small aperture,giving rise to superior affinity to electrolyte and sufficient active sites to accelerate lithium ions migration.Meanwhile,the asfabricated multifunctional GPE also rendered outstanding heat-resistance and well-distributed lithiumions flux,and the mutual overlaps between the coarse fibers and the fine fibers within the multi-scale nanofiber membrane provided a strong skeleton support,which in turn laid a solid footing stone for high-security and dendrite-proof batteries.Particularly,the nano-TiO_(2) particles within PMIA membrane acted as"gatekeepers",which can not only resist the growth of lithium dendrites,but also intercept the dissolved polysulfide on cathode side.Based on these merits,the gel PMIA-based lithium cobalt(LCO)/lithium battery obtained the remarkably improved rate capability and cycle performances on account of superior ionic conductivity,steady anodic stability window and weakened polarization behavior.Meanwhile,the resultant lithium-sulfur cell also delivered the outstanding cycling stability with the aid of the greatly prevented"shuttle effect"of dissolved lithium polysulfides based on the physical trapping and chemical binding of the prepared GPE to polysulfides species.This work proved that the addition of functional inorganic nanoparticles similar with TiO_(2) in multi-scale gel PMIA membrane can enhance the lithium ions transport capability,resist the growth of lithium dendrites as well as inhibit the shuttle effect of polysulfides,which would prompt a great development for dendrite-blocking and polysulfideinhibiting lithium-metal cells.
基金part of the chemical and physical properties of the atmosphere(Ca PPA)project funded by the Agence Nationale de la Recherhe(ANR)through the programme d’investissements d’avenir PIA(No.ANR-11-LABX0005-01)the“Hauts-de-France”Regional Council and the European Regional Development Fund(ERDF)+4 种基金the Institut National des Sciences de L’univers(INSU)les Enveloppes Fluides et L’environnement Chimie de L’atmosphère(LEFE-CHAT)program for financial supportsupport from Labex Ca PPA for his graduate fellowshipsupport from Labex Ca PPA for his short term visit at the institute mines telecom(IMT)Lille Douaisupport from the project make our planet great again(MOPGA)for her short term visit at IMT Lille Douaithe Greek sate scholarships foundation(IKY)program that funds her PhD
文摘Atmospheric simulation chambers,are unique tools for investigating atmospheric processes in the gas and heterogeneous phases.They can provide a controlled yet realistic environment that simulates atmospheric conditions.In the current study,a Teflon atmospheric simulation chamber of 600 L,named THALAMOS(thermally regulated atmospheric simulation chamber) has been developed and cross-validated.THALAMOS can be operated over the temperature range 233 to 373 K under both static and flow conditions.It is equipped with state of the art instrumentation(selective ion flow tube mass spectrometry(SIFT-MS),long path Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy(FTIR),gas chromatography-mass spectrometry(GC-MS),various analyzers) for the in-line monitoring of both reactants and products.THALAMOS was validated by measuring the rate coefficients of well documented reactions,i.e.the reaction of ethanol with OH radicals and the reaction of dichloromethane with Cl atoms,in a wide temperature range.Two different detection techniques were used in parallel,FTIR and SIFT-MS,to internally cross-validate the obtained results.The measured rate coefficients are in excellent agreement,both between each other and with the literature recommended values.Furthermore,the gas phase oxidation of toluene by Cl atoms(kinetics and product yields) was studied in the temperature range of 253 to 333 K.To the best of our knowledge,THALAMOS is a unique facility on national level and among a few smog chambers internationally that can be operated in such a wide temperature range providing the scientific community with a versatile tool to simulate both outdoor and indoor physicochemical processes.
基金Project supported by the National Nature Science Foundation of China(Grant No.11504318)
文摘We propose a versatile electrostatic trap scheme using several charged spherical electrodes and a bias electric held.We hrst give the two-ball scheme and derive the analytical solution of the electric held.In order to make a comparison,we also give the numerical solution calculated by the hnite element software（Ansoft Maxwell）.Considering the loading of cold polar molecules into the trap,we give the three-ball scheme.We hrst give the analytical and numerical solutions of the distribution of the electric held.Then we simulate the dynamic process of the loading and trapping cold molecules using the classical Monte Carlo method.We analyze the influence of the velocity of the incident molecular beam and the loading time on the loading efficiency.After that,we give the temperature of the trapped cold molecules.Our study shows that the loading efficiency can reach 82%,and the corresponding temperature of the trapped molecules is about 24.6 mK.At last,we show that the single well divides into two ones by increasing the bias electric held or decreasing the voltages applied to the spherical electrodes.
基金Sponsored by the Ministerial Level Advanced Research Foundation (20304)
文摘A new Chien search method for shortened Reed-Solomon （RS） code is proposed, based on this, a versatile RS decoder for correcting both errors and erasures is designed. Compared with the traditional RS decoder, the weighted coefficient of the Chien search method is calculated sequentially through the three pipelined stages of the decoder. And therefore, the computation of the errata locator polynomial and errata evaluator polynomial needs to be modified. The versatile RS decoder with minimum distance 21 has been synthesized in the Xilinx Virtex-Ⅱ series field programmable gate array （FPGA） xe2v1000-5 and is used by coneatenated coding system for satellite communication. Results show that the maximum data processing rate can be up to 1.3 Gbit/s.
