The blood-brain barrier （BBB） forms a highly selective inter- face between blood and brain. Extensive research efforts have completely changed our view of the BBB in the last years, from a static, impermeable barrie...The blood-brain barrier （BBB） forms a highly selective inter- face between blood and brain. Extensive research efforts have completely changed our view of the BBB in the last years, from a static, impermeable barrier to a dynamic, highly regulated and specific cellular system. The BBB ultrastructurally consists of specialized brain microvascular endothelial cells （BMEC） characterized by low pinocytic activity,展开更多
As a major aspect of the ′China Model′, urbanization in China is being heatedly discussed in the Anglophone literature in the last two decades. By considering China′s urbanization as a ′testing ground′ of ′west...As a major aspect of the ′China Model′, urbanization in China is being heatedly discussed in the Anglophone literature in the last two decades. By considering China′s urbanization as a ′testing ground′ of ′western′ theories, these studies are important for the understanding of China′s ongoing urban restructuring and exchanging knowledge with ′western′ insights. Based on a survey of existing studies, this paper identifies various endogenous and exogenous concepts and explanations of China′s urbanization. It is suggested that China′s urbanization is mainly driven by a combination of political decentralization and neoliberalization with various forms of social stratification and mobility. However, it is argued that the distinctness of the ′China Model′, which is usually used to support the legitimacy of studies of China′s urbanization, has led to many controversial arguments and diminished the due contributions of Chinese scholars in the knowledge production of China′s urbanization. To consolidate the legitimacy of studies on China′s urbanization and enhance the roles of Chinese scholars, we suggest future studies to pay more attentions to the fundamental theories with looser constraints and ′true questions′ on China′s urbanization.展开更多
The damped Helmholtz-Duffing oscillator is a topic of great interest in many different fields of study due to its complex dynamics.By transitioning from conventional continuous differential equations to their fractal ...The damped Helmholtz-Duffing oscillator is a topic of great interest in many different fields of study due to its complex dynamics.By transitioning from conventional continuous differential equations to their fractal counterparts,one gains insights into the system's response under new mathematical frameworks.This paper presents a novel method for converting standard continuous differential equations into their fractal equivalents.This conversion occurs after the nonlinear system is transformed into its linear equivalent.Numerical analyses show that there are several resonance sites in the fractal system,which differ from the one resonance point found in the continuous system.One important finding is that the fractal system loses some of its stabilizing power when decaying behavior is transformed into a diffuse pattern.Interestingly,a decrease in the fractal order in resonance settings shows a stabilizing impact,highlighting the dynamics'complexity inside fractal systems.This endeavor to convert to fractals is a revolutionary technique that is being employed for the first time.展开更多
Objective:To assess the perspectives and barriers towards dengue preventive practices among the residents of Puducherry,India.Methods:A cross-sectional survey was conducted in 300 households in Puducherry,using a popu...Objective:To assess the perspectives and barriers towards dengue preventive practices among the residents of Puducherry,India.Methods:A cross-sectional survey was conducted in 300 households in Puducherry,using a population-proportionate(7:3)distribution from urban and rural areas by grid sampling.One adult interview per household was conducted and the participants were selected using a KISH grid.A semi-structured questionnaire based on the Health Belief Model(HBM)with additional questions on knowledge assessment was used.Knowledge was assessed based on the correctness of answers and the HBM scores were calculated on a 5-point Likert scale.Participants were categorized based on the median score under each domain.Logistic regression was used for adjusted analysis and models were built to predict the performances in each domain.Results:Four percent of the participants lacked basic knowledge regarding dengue transmission.While 208(69.3%)participants did not consider themselves at risk of contracting dengue within the next year,majority perceived dengue as a disease with low severity.Around 49.3%(148)were skeptical about the benefit of time and money spent on dengue prevention.Inadequate government efforts were stated as the major barrier(47.0%)and frequent reminders(142,47.3%)as the major cue to action.Age above 50 years(aOR 1.78,95%CI 1.04-3.06,P=0.037)and rural locality(aOR 2.68,95%CI 1.52-4.71,P=0.001)were found to be significantly associated with poor knowledge scores.Urban participants had a significantly higher chance to perceive low susceptibility as compared to the rural counterparts(aOR 1.74,95%CI 1.05-2.9,P=0.03).Participants with less than a high school education had low perceived benefits(aOR 2.46,95%CI 1.52-3.96,P<0.001)and low self-efficacy scores(aOR 2.66,95%CI 1.61-4.39,P<0.001).Conclusions:This study identifies key gaps in dengue prevention,including low perceived susceptibility,mild disease perception,limited knowledge of breeding sites,and overreliance on government efforts.Tailoring interventions to community needs,stratified to factors influencing the community perspectives can significantly improve dengue prevention efforts.展开更多
To stay competitive, the mobile telecommunication companies spend millions of Ghana cedi each year on building long-term relationships with their customers. Marketing managers are constantly challenged with the proble...To stay competitive, the mobile telecommunication companies spend millions of Ghana cedi each year on building long-term relationships with their customers. Marketing managers are constantly challenged with the problem of where to channel the limited resources in order to retain existing customers. This study approaches the customer retention problem in the mobile phone sector from a behavioural perspective, applying the Behavioural Perspective Model as the main analytical framework and further exploits some other factors that influence customer retention. The model includes a set of pre-behaviour and post-behaviour factors to study consumer choice, and explains its relevant drivers in a viable and comprehensive way, grounded in radical behaviourism. Data for the analysis were collected from tertiary students from Accra and Takoradi. Data collected were analysed using the multinomial regression technique. Analysis of the data revealed that the Behaviour setting factor is the only significant element in Behaviour Perspective Model. Further exploitation of behaviour situation revealed that the number of networks a customer uses, previous experience of a customer and customer’s intention are significant factors in determining customer retention in Ghana’s mobile telecommunication industry.展开更多
In this paper, we conduct research on the O2O model of the consumer behavior under the perspectives of culture and values.Electronic commerce is striding forward O2O will follow the pace of history. O2O mode obvious a...In this paper, we conduct research on the O2O model of the consumer behavior under the perspectives of culture and values.Electronic commerce is striding forward O2O will follow the pace of history. O2O mode obvious advantages, is helpful to promote thedevelopment of the electricity industry. O2O model development has quietly changed our life, is not only the change of consumption patterns,but also poses challenges to the traditional industry. O2O core is through the sale, to provide information and services, to push offl ine storesales promotion information to Internet users, and take them to the entity shop to consumer goods or enjoy. This paper integrates the consumerbehavior to propose the new O2O model which is innovative.展开更多
In this paper, we conduct research on the large precision instrument error correction model under the perspectives of stability androbustness. It is one of the effective methods to improve the instruments accuracy usi...In this paper, we conduct research on the large precision instrument error correction model under the perspectives of stability androbustness. It is one of the effective methods to improve the instruments accuracy using error correction technology, but at present, a lot of errorcorrection is limited to the system error modifi cation, only a small number of the instruments to an error in the dynamic error correction timely,device on the instrument precision sensors, apparently complicate the instrument structure. To fully system error correction that will affect theprecision of instrument mainly random error. Instrument is the main task of error correction is to use a certain method to compensate separableinstruments each component part of a deterministic system error, so the key problems of error correction as is the requirement of equipmentstructure stability is good, with this to ensure that the instrument error of the uncertainty, so that the fundamental fl aw. Under this basis, this paperproposes the novel countermeasure of the issues that is innovative.展开更多
In this paper, the authors present a modelling activity developed from a thematic project in the models and mathematical modelling class of the professional master＇s degree program in mathematics education at the Fed...In this paper, the authors present a modelling activity developed from a thematic project in the models and mathematical modelling class of the professional master＇s degree program in mathematics education at the Federal University of Ouro Preto. The students enrolled in the class chose to study the theme Brazilian Public Politics. After several debates regarding the theme, the students were separated into three groups and each group chose a subtheme to study. The themes were IDH （index of human development）, minimum wage and social security. As an example, a description of the thematic project about the minimum wage in Brazil is presented. The principal results obtained in the study of this theme include a discussion about the potentialities of the theme as a classroom activity in different levels of schooling. As an educational activity, the thematic project demonstrated itself to be greatly relevant, since not only did it provide the learning possibility of mathematics related to the issues studied, but also promoted various discussions regarding the theme, which, in our conception, contributes to the social-critical development of the students. Finally, from the point of view of applied mathematics and mathematics education, the development of a modelling activity from thematic projects showed itself to be a good source of researches.展开更多
With the rapid progress of science and technology, the process of globalization is accelerating, prompting more international exchanges between China and the West. In this situation, intercultural communication also p...With the rapid progress of science and technology, the process of globalization is accelerating, prompting more international exchanges between China and the West. In this situation, intercultural communication also put forward higher requirements and standards for the cultivation of talents. In order to cultivate high-level social talents, the cultivation of intercultural communicative competence falls naturally on college English teaching. In order to meet the development needs of the times, colleges and universities should build a cross-cultural perspective of college English teaching model, used to replace the traditional teaching, so as to better promote the development of students’ ability and personnel training. Therefore, this paper first introduces the concept of intercultural communication. In view of the present teaching model and teaching situation of college English teaching in China, the paper explores the construction of college English teaching model from the perspective of intercultural communication, in order to promote the reform of college English teaching and the cultivation of communicative talents.展开更多
English language learners' pragmatic competence is related to their success incross-cultural communication. Cognitive approaches, mainly the Noticing Hypothesis and Analysis/Control Model, have provided some insig...English language learners' pragmatic competence is related to their success incross-cultural communication. Cognitive approaches, mainly the Noticing Hypothesis and Analysis/Control Model, have provided some insights into the question of how to effectively develop second language(L2) learners' pragmatic competence. Empirical studies based on cognitive theoretical constructs suggest that pragmatic activitiesthat draw learners' attention and help them control attention to relevant and appropriate information and integrate those forms in real time of communication contribute to the development of interlanguage pragmatic competence.展开更多
Word sense disambiguation(WSD)is a fundamental but significant task in natural language processing,which directly affects the performance of upper applications.However,WSD is very challenging due to the problem of kno...Word sense disambiguation(WSD)is a fundamental but significant task in natural language processing,which directly affects the performance of upper applications.However,WSD is very challenging due to the problem of knowledge bottleneck,i.e.,it is hard to acquire abundant disambiguation knowledge,especially in Chinese.To solve this problem,this paper proposes a graph-based Chinese WSD method with multi-knowledge integration.Particularly,a graph model combining various Chinese and English knowledge resources by word sense mapping is designed.Firstly,the content words in a Chinese ambiguous sentence are extracted and mapped to English words with BabelNet.Then,English word similarity is computed based on English word embeddings and knowledge base.Chinese word similarity is evaluated with Chinese word embedding and HowNet,respectively.The weights of the three kinds of word similarity are optimized with simulated annealing algorithm so as to obtain their overall similarities,which are utilized to construct a disambiguation graph.The graph scoring algorithm evaluates the importance of each word sense node and judge the right senses of the ambiguous words.Extensive experimental results on SemEval dataset show that our proposed WSD method significantly outperforms the baselines.展开更多
Considering both the characteristics of construction scheme evaluation and the lack of consideration of index proportionality after introducing comprehensive evaluation of independent perspectives into construction sc...Considering both the characteristics of construction scheme evaluation and the lack of consideration of index proportionality after introducing comprehensive evaluation of independent perspectives into construction scheme evaluation, a construction scheme evaluation model of independent perspectives was put forward through the study and optimization of comprehensive evaluation of independent perspectives. The feasibility and rationality of the optimized method were illustrated through a case study and the evaluation results were compared between the optimized method and non-optimized method. The optimized method has the practical value in construction scheme comparison.展开更多
基金supported by Innovative Medizinische Forschung(I-RU211405 to TR and I-BI111316 to SB and SGM)by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft(SFB 1009)by the Genzyme Neuroimmunology Fellowship Program(to TR)
文摘The blood-brain barrier （BBB） forms a highly selective inter- face between blood and brain. Extensive research efforts have completely changed our view of the BBB in the last years, from a static, impermeable barrier to a dynamic, highly regulated and specific cellular system. The BBB ultrastructurally consists of specialized brain microvascular endothelial cells （BMEC） characterized by low pinocytic activity,
基金Under the auspices of National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.41271165,41130747)Humanities and Social Science Research Planning Fund,Ministry of Education of China(No.12YJAGJW007)
文摘As a major aspect of the ′China Model′, urbanization in China is being heatedly discussed in the Anglophone literature in the last two decades. By considering China′s urbanization as a ′testing ground′ of ′western′ theories, these studies are important for the understanding of China′s ongoing urban restructuring and exchanging knowledge with ′western′ insights. Based on a survey of existing studies, this paper identifies various endogenous and exogenous concepts and explanations of China′s urbanization. It is suggested that China′s urbanization is mainly driven by a combination of political decentralization and neoliberalization with various forms of social stratification and mobility. However, it is argued that the distinctness of the ′China Model′, which is usually used to support the legitimacy of studies of China′s urbanization, has led to many controversial arguments and diminished the due contributions of Chinese scholars in the knowledge production of China′s urbanization. To consolidate the legitimacy of studies on China′s urbanization and enhance the roles of Chinese scholars, we suggest future studies to pay more attentions to the fundamental theories with looser constraints and ′true questions′ on China′s urbanization.
文摘The damped Helmholtz-Duffing oscillator is a topic of great interest in many different fields of study due to its complex dynamics.By transitioning from conventional continuous differential equations to their fractal counterparts,one gains insights into the system's response under new mathematical frameworks.This paper presents a novel method for converting standard continuous differential equations into their fractal equivalents.This conversion occurs after the nonlinear system is transformed into its linear equivalent.Numerical analyses show that there are several resonance sites in the fractal system,which differ from the one resonance point found in the continuous system.One important finding is that the fractal system loses some of its stabilizing power when decaying behavior is transformed into a diffuse pattern.Interestingly,a decrease in the fractal order in resonance settings shows a stabilizing impact,highlighting the dynamics'complexity inside fractal systems.This endeavor to convert to fractals is a revolutionary technique that is being employed for the first time.
基金This work was supported intramurally by Student thesis funding for Masters in public Health Entomology(2022)from the Indian Council of Medical Research-Vector Control Research Centre,Puducherry.
文摘Objective:To assess the perspectives and barriers towards dengue preventive practices among the residents of Puducherry,India.Methods:A cross-sectional survey was conducted in 300 households in Puducherry,using a population-proportionate(7:3)distribution from urban and rural areas by grid sampling.One adult interview per household was conducted and the participants were selected using a KISH grid.A semi-structured questionnaire based on the Health Belief Model(HBM)with additional questions on knowledge assessment was used.Knowledge was assessed based on the correctness of answers and the HBM scores were calculated on a 5-point Likert scale.Participants were categorized based on the median score under each domain.Logistic regression was used for adjusted analysis and models were built to predict the performances in each domain.Results:Four percent of the participants lacked basic knowledge regarding dengue transmission.While 208(69.3%)participants did not consider themselves at risk of contracting dengue within the next year,majority perceived dengue as a disease with low severity.Around 49.3%(148)were skeptical about the benefit of time and money spent on dengue prevention.Inadequate government efforts were stated as the major barrier(47.0%)and frequent reminders(142,47.3%)as the major cue to action.Age above 50 years(aOR 1.78,95%CI 1.04-3.06,P=0.037)and rural locality(aOR 2.68,95%CI 1.52-4.71,P=0.001)were found to be significantly associated with poor knowledge scores.Urban participants had a significantly higher chance to perceive low susceptibility as compared to the rural counterparts(aOR 1.74,95%CI 1.05-2.9,P=0.03).Participants with less than a high school education had low perceived benefits(aOR 2.46,95%CI 1.52-3.96,P<0.001)and low self-efficacy scores(aOR 2.66,95%CI 1.61-4.39,P<0.001).Conclusions:This study identifies key gaps in dengue prevention,including low perceived susceptibility,mild disease perception,limited knowledge of breeding sites,and overreliance on government efforts.Tailoring interventions to community needs,stratified to factors influencing the community perspectives can significantly improve dengue prevention efforts.
文摘To stay competitive, the mobile telecommunication companies spend millions of Ghana cedi each year on building long-term relationships with their customers. Marketing managers are constantly challenged with the problem of where to channel the limited resources in order to retain existing customers. This study approaches the customer retention problem in the mobile phone sector from a behavioural perspective, applying the Behavioural Perspective Model as the main analytical framework and further exploits some other factors that influence customer retention. The model includes a set of pre-behaviour and post-behaviour factors to study consumer choice, and explains its relevant drivers in a viable and comprehensive way, grounded in radical behaviourism. Data for the analysis were collected from tertiary students from Accra and Takoradi. Data collected were analysed using the multinomial regression technique. Analysis of the data revealed that the Behaviour setting factor is the only significant element in Behaviour Perspective Model. Further exploitation of behaviour situation revealed that the number of networks a customer uses, previous experience of a customer and customer’s intention are significant factors in determining customer retention in Ghana’s mobile telecommunication industry.
文摘In this paper, we conduct research on the O2O model of the consumer behavior under the perspectives of culture and values.Electronic commerce is striding forward O2O will follow the pace of history. O2O mode obvious advantages, is helpful to promote thedevelopment of the electricity industry. O2O model development has quietly changed our life, is not only the change of consumption patterns,but also poses challenges to the traditional industry. O2O core is through the sale, to provide information and services, to push offl ine storesales promotion information to Internet users, and take them to the entity shop to consumer goods or enjoy. This paper integrates the consumerbehavior to propose the new O2O model which is innovative.
文摘In this paper, we conduct research on the large precision instrument error correction model under the perspectives of stability androbustness. It is one of the effective methods to improve the instruments accuracy using error correction technology, but at present, a lot of errorcorrection is limited to the system error modifi cation, only a small number of the instruments to an error in the dynamic error correction timely,device on the instrument precision sensors, apparently complicate the instrument structure. To fully system error correction that will affect theprecision of instrument mainly random error. Instrument is the main task of error correction is to use a certain method to compensate separableinstruments each component part of a deterministic system error, so the key problems of error correction as is the requirement of equipmentstructure stability is good, with this to ensure that the instrument error of the uncertainty, so that the fundamental fl aw. Under this basis, this paperproposes the novel countermeasure of the issues that is innovative.
文摘In this paper, the authors present a modelling activity developed from a thematic project in the models and mathematical modelling class of the professional master＇s degree program in mathematics education at the Federal University of Ouro Preto. The students enrolled in the class chose to study the theme Brazilian Public Politics. After several debates regarding the theme, the students were separated into three groups and each group chose a subtheme to study. The themes were IDH （index of human development）, minimum wage and social security. As an example, a description of the thematic project about the minimum wage in Brazil is presented. The principal results obtained in the study of this theme include a discussion about the potentialities of the theme as a classroom activity in different levels of schooling. As an educational activity, the thematic project demonstrated itself to be greatly relevant, since not only did it provide the learning possibility of mathematics related to the issues studied, but also promoted various discussions regarding the theme, which, in our conception, contributes to the social-critical development of the students. Finally, from the point of view of applied mathematics and mathematics education, the development of a modelling activity from thematic projects showed itself to be a good source of researches.
文摘With the rapid progress of science and technology, the process of globalization is accelerating, prompting more international exchanges between China and the West. In this situation, intercultural communication also put forward higher requirements and standards for the cultivation of talents. In order to cultivate high-level social talents, the cultivation of intercultural communicative competence falls naturally on college English teaching. In order to meet the development needs of the times, colleges and universities should build a cross-cultural perspective of college English teaching model, used to replace the traditional teaching, so as to better promote the development of students’ ability and personnel training. Therefore, this paper first introduces the concept of intercultural communication. In view of the present teaching model and teaching situation of college English teaching in China, the paper explores the construction of college English teaching model from the perspective of intercultural communication, in order to promote the reform of college English teaching and the cultivation of communicative talents.
文摘English language learners' pragmatic competence is related to their success incross-cultural communication. Cognitive approaches, mainly the Noticing Hypothesis and Analysis/Control Model, have provided some insights into the question of how to effectively develop second language(L2) learners' pragmatic competence. Empirical studies based on cognitive theoretical constructs suggest that pragmatic activitiesthat draw learners' attention and help them control attention to relevant and appropriate information and integrate those forms in real time of communication contribute to the development of interlanguage pragmatic competence.
基金The research work is supported by National Key R&D Program of China under Grant No.2018YFC0831704National Nature Science Foundation of China under Grant No.61502259+1 种基金Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province under Grant No.ZR2017MF056Taishan Scholar Program of Shandong Province in China(Directed by Prof.Yinglong Wang).
文摘Word sense disambiguation(WSD)is a fundamental but significant task in natural language processing,which directly affects the performance of upper applications.However,WSD is very challenging due to the problem of knowledge bottleneck,i.e.,it is hard to acquire abundant disambiguation knowledge,especially in Chinese.To solve this problem,this paper proposes a graph-based Chinese WSD method with multi-knowledge integration.Particularly,a graph model combining various Chinese and English knowledge resources by word sense mapping is designed.Firstly,the content words in a Chinese ambiguous sentence are extracted and mapped to English words with BabelNet.Then,English word similarity is computed based on English word embeddings and knowledge base.Chinese word similarity is evaluated with Chinese word embedding and HowNet,respectively.The weights of the three kinds of word similarity are optimized with simulated annealing algorithm so as to obtain their overall similarities,which are utilized to construct a disambiguation graph.The graph scoring algorithm evaluates the importance of each word sense node and judge the right senses of the ambiguous words.Extensive experimental results on SemEval dataset show that our proposed WSD method significantly outperforms the baselines.
文摘Considering both the characteristics of construction scheme evaluation and the lack of consideration of index proportionality after introducing comprehensive evaluation of independent perspectives into construction scheme evaluation, a construction scheme evaluation model of independent perspectives was put forward through the study and optimization of comprehensive evaluation of independent perspectives. The feasibility and rationality of the optimized method were illustrated through a case study and the evaluation results were compared between the optimized method and non-optimized method. The optimized method has the practical value in construction scheme comparison.
