Succinonitrile(SN)-based polymer plastic crystal electrolytes(PPCEs)are regarded as promising candidates for lithium metal batteries but suffer from serious side reactions with Li metal.Herein,we propose a multi-dimen...Succinonitrile(SN)-based polymer plastic crystal electrolytes(PPCEs)are regarded as promising candidates for lithium metal batteries but suffer from serious side reactions with Li metal.Herein,we propose a multi-dimensional optimization strategy to alleviate the side reactions between SN and Li metal,and develop a highly stable poly-vinylethylene carbonate-based PPCE(PPCE-VEC).Moreover,we identify the intrinsic factors of multi-dimensional polymer structures on the electrolyte stability by three typical classes of polyesters.The PPCE-VEC constructed by in situ polymerization exhibits much better stability than poly-vinylene carbonate-based PPCE(PPCE-VCA)and poly-trifluoroethyl acrylate-based PPCE(PPCE-TFA),which is verified by its fewer SN-decomposition species in X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy(XPS)and outstanding full cell performance.The PPCE-VEC-enabled LiNi_(0.6)Co_(0.2)Mn_(0.2)O_(2)full cell achieve 73.7%capacity retention after 1400 cycles,which outperforms PPCE-VCA-and PPCE-TFA-enabled full cells(61.9%and 46.9%).Spectral analysis and theoretical calculation reveal that the high solvation ability of the carbonyl site,flexible polymer chain,and homogeneous electrolyte phase of PPCE-VEC are favorable to maximizing competition coordination with Li^(+)to weaken the Li^(+)–SN binding and shape an anion-rich solvation structure.This optimized polymer-involved Li^(+)solvation enhances SN stability and facilitates the formation of B/F enriched solid-electrolyte interphase(SEI),thus significantly improving PPCE stability.展开更多
A composite anti-disturbance predictive control strategy employing a Multi-dimensional Taylor Network(MTN)is presented for unmanned systems subject to time-delay and multi-source disturbances.First,the multi-source di...A composite anti-disturbance predictive control strategy employing a Multi-dimensional Taylor Network(MTN)is presented for unmanned systems subject to time-delay and multi-source disturbances.First,the multi-source disturbances are addressed according to their specific characteristics as follows:(A)an MTN data-driven model,which is used for uncertainty description,is designed accompanied with the mechanism model to represent the unmanned systems;(B)an adaptive MTN filter is used to remove the influence of the internal disturbance;(C)an MTN disturbance observer is constructed to estimate and compensate for the influence of the external disturbance;(D)the Extended Kalman Filter(EKF)algorithm is utilized as the learning mechanism for MTNs.Second,to address the time-delay effect,a recursiveτstep-ahead MTN predictive model is designed utilizing recursive technology,aiming to mitigate the impact of time-delay,and the EKF algorithm is employed as its learning mechanism.Then,the MTN predictive control law is designed based on the quadratic performance index.By implementing the proposed composite controller to unmanned systems,simultaneous feedforward compensation and feedback suppression to the multi-source disturbances are conducted.Finally,the convergence of the MTN and the stability of the closed-loop system are established utilizing the Lyapunov theorem.Two exemplary applications of unmanned systems involving unmanned vehicle and rigid spacecraft are presented to validate the effectiveness of the proposed approach.展开更多
Public environmental concern(PEC)is an important bottom-up force in building an environmentally sustainable society.Guided by attitude theory,this paper innovatively constructed a PEC evaluation index system,while int...Public environmental concern(PEC)is an important bottom-up force in building an environmentally sustainable society.Guided by attitude theory,this paper innovatively constructed a PEC evaluation index system,while introducing entropy weighted-TOPSIS(Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution)to realize the assessment of PEC.Exploratory spatial data analysis was used to portray the spatio-temporal evolution patterns of PEC in 362 Chinese cities at prefecture-level and above from 2011 to 2018.Furthermore,the Geodetector model was performed to identify the multi-dimensional determinants of PEC from the perspective of spatial heterogeneity.The results indicated that:1)PEC in China exhibited a fluctuating upward trend,consistent with the spatial distribution law of‘Heihe-Tengchong Line’and‘Bole-Taipei Line’;2)the driving effect of each factor varied dynamically,but in general,economic development level,population size,industrial wastewater,and education level were the dominant driving factors explaining the spatial variation of PEC;3)risk detection revealed that four factors,government environmental regulations,PM_(2.5),vegetation coverage,and natural resource endowment,had nonlinear effects on PEC;4)the interactions between factors all demonstrated an enhancement in explaining the spatial differentiation of PEC.PEC was driven by the comprehensive interaction of four-dimensional factors of economy,society,pollutant emissions,and ecology.Among them,population agglomeration accompanied by a high level of regional economy and information technology can explain the increase in PEC to the greatest extent.展开更多
The ancient tacit knowledge behind the logic system permeated the culture and promoted numerous impactful inventions throughout the history. Traditional Chinese medicine with its effectiveness should also have stemmed...The ancient tacit knowledge behind the logic system permeated the culture and promoted numerous impactful inventions throughout the history. Traditional Chinese medicine with its effectiveness should also have stemmed out from such logic system. This article aims to rearticulate the underlying lucid multi-dimensional logic system, which faded in obscurity only because of time-out loss of the mid-right concept. Retracing this past tacit but important concept could uncover a multi-dimensional system over a point relating to all matters while capturing the central core of the matter. The seemingly unmanageable multidimensional logic was strengthened by verification processes which affirmed its further extensions, and made up the language of the people, the concepts of yin-yang(阴阳), and the development of extensions of Ba Gua(八卦) derivatives, which furthered the interpretation of the space-time properties and Chinese medicine.展开更多
Stress accumulation is a key factor leading to sodium storage performance deterioration for NiSe_(2)-based anodes.Therefore,inhibiting the concentrated local stress during the sodiataion/desodiation process is crucial...Stress accumulation is a key factor leading to sodium storage performance deterioration for NiSe_(2)-based anodes.Therefore,inhibiting the concentrated local stress during the sodiataion/desodiation process is crucial for acquiring stable NiSe2-based materials for sodium-ion batteries(SIBs),Herein,a stress dissipation strategy driven by architecture engineering is proposed,which can achieve ultrafast and ultralong sodium storage properties.Different from the conventional sphere-like or rod-like architecture,the three-dimensional(3D)flower-like NiSe_(2)@C composite is delicately designed and assembled with onedimensional nanorods and carbon framework.More importantly,the fundamental mechanism of improved structure stability is unveiled by simulations and experimental results simultaneously.It demonstrates that this designed multidimensional flower-like architecture with dispersed nanorods can balance the structural mismatch,avoid concentrated local strain,and relax the internal stress,mainly induced by the unavoidable volume variation during the repeated conversion processes.Moreover,it can provide more Na^(+)-storage sites and multi-directional migration pathways,leading to a fast Na^(+)-migration channel with boosted reaction kinetic.As expected,it delivers superior rate performance(441 mA h g^(-1)at 5.0 A g^(-1))and long cycling stability(563 mA h g^(-1)at 1.0 A g^(-1)over 1000 cycles)for SIBs.This work provides useful insights for designing high-performance conversion-based anode materials for SIBs.展开更多
This paper explores whole-process engineering consulting,including its application models in public buildings and elderly-friendly projects,such as service integration and whole lifecycle management.It also addresses ...This paper explores whole-process engineering consulting,including its application models in public buildings and elderly-friendly projects,such as service integration and whole lifecycle management.It also addresses the construction of multi-dimensional collaborative theoretical models,public space streamline organization,and other aspects,emphasizing the importance of multi-dimensional collaboration.Additionally,it highlights the role of talent cultivation and digital transformation in enhancing project efficiency.展开更多
The multi-dimensional interactive teaching model significantly enhances the effectiveness of college English instruction by emphasizing dynamic engagement between teachers and students,as well as among students themse...The multi-dimensional interactive teaching model significantly enhances the effectiveness of college English instruction by emphasizing dynamic engagement between teachers and students,as well as among students themselves.This paper explores practical strategies for implementing this model,focusing on four key aspects:deepening teachers’understanding of the model through continuous learning,innovating interactive methods such as questioning techniques and practical activities,leveraging modern technology to integrate resources and track learning progress,and establishing a communication platform that centers on student participation.By adopting these approaches,the model fosters a student-centered classroom environment,improves comprehensive English application skills,and optimizes overall teaching quality.展开更多
During the critical transformation period of landscape architecture major after the adjustment of disciplinary structure and the changes in market demand,private colleges and universities,as important places for culti...During the critical transformation period of landscape architecture major after the adjustment of disciplinary structure and the changes in market demand,private colleges and universities,as important places for cultivating local talents,have pain points such as uneven quality of teachers and students and weak innovation and practice.The practice system with“multi-dimensional Integration”integrates four dimensions:interdisciplinary integration,spatial and temporal intersection,historical inheritance,and behavioral activity,deepens the disciplinary connotation,and integrates the three elements of nature,humanity,and technology,aiming to provide a new path for private colleges and universities to cultivate application-oriented and compound talents with innovative capabilities.In terms of optimizing talent cultivation and adapting to industry changes,this system provides thinking and reference for landscape architecture major,helping the major reshape its core competitiveness and promoting educational innovation and industry development.展开更多
This paper proposes a reliability evaluation model for a multi-dimensional network system,which has potential to be applied to the internet of things or other practical networks.A multi-dimensional network system with...This paper proposes a reliability evaluation model for a multi-dimensional network system,which has potential to be applied to the internet of things or other practical networks.A multi-dimensional network system with one source element and multiple sink elements is considered first.Each element can con-nect with other elements within a stochastic connection ranges.The system is regarded as successful as long as the source ele-ment remains connected with all sink elements.An importance measure is proposed to evaluate the performance of non-source elements.Furthermore,to calculate the system reliability and the element importance measure,a multi-valued decision diagram based approach is structured and its complexity is analyzed.Finally,a numerical example about the signal transfer station system is illustrated to analyze the system reliability and the ele-ment importance measure.展开更多
Constructing multi-dimensional hydrogen bond(H-bond)regulated single-molecule systems with multiemission remains a challenge.Herein,we report the design of a new excited-state intramolecular proton transfer(ESIPT)feat...Constructing multi-dimensional hydrogen bond(H-bond)regulated single-molecule systems with multiemission remains a challenge.Herein,we report the design of a new excited-state intramolecular proton transfer(ESIPT)featured chromophore(HBT-DPI)that shows flexible emission tunability via the multidimensional regulation of intra-and intermolecular H-bonds.The feature of switchable intramolecular Hbonds is induced via incorporating several hydrogen bond acceptors and donors into one single HBT-DPI molecule,allowing the“turn on/off”of ESIPT process by forming isomers with distinct intramolecular Hbonds configurations.In response to different external H-bonding environments,the obtained four types of crystal/cocrystals vary in the contents of isomers and the molecular packing modes,which are mainly guided by the intermolecular H-bonds,exhibiting non-emissive features or emissions ranging from green to orange.Utilizing the feature of intermolecular H-bond guided molecular packing,we demonstrate the utility of this fluorescent material for visualizing hydrophobic/hydrophilic areas on large-scale heterogeneous surfaces of modified poly(1,1-difluoroethylene)(PVDF)membranes and quantitatively estimating the surface hydrophobicity,providing a new approach for hydrophobicity/hydrophilicity monitoring and measurement.Overall,this study represents a new design strategy for constructing multi-dimensional hydrogen bond regulated ESIPT-based fluorescent materials that enable multiple emissions and unique applications.展开更多
To break the limitations of the multi-dimensional(M-D)vibration isolation(VI)platforms with the Stewart-Gough design,such as strongly coupling motions,excessive friction in connections,heavy weight,and limited workspa...To break the limitations of the multi-dimensional(M-D)vibration isolation(VI)platforms with the Stewart-Gough design,such as strongly coupling motions,excessive friction in connections,heavy weight,and limited workspace,this study processes a novel platform integrated by a stiffness-adjustable origami spring sub-structure and a parallel mechanism.The origami-based stiffness-adjustable spring realizes low-frequency VI,and the parallel mechanism symmetry design realizes motions decoupling.In the origami-based sub-leg,the parallel-stack-assembly(PSA)design mechanism with two Miura origami configurations is proposed to generate a symmetrical negative stiffness property.Paired with a linear positive stiffness spring,the origami-based sub-leg has wide-amplitude-high-static-low-dynamic stiffness(WA-HSLDS)characteristics in one direction.Then,with construction of the parallel mechanism connected with origami-based sub-legs,an M-D VI platform is achieved,whose motions in the vertical direction and yaw direction are decoupled with the motions in the other directions.Based on the dynamic model and incremental harmonic balance(IHB)with the arc-length continuation method,appropriate structural parameters in the parallel mechanism part are figured out,and the accurate transmissibility in different directions is defined,which gives the parametric influencing investigations for realization of low-frequency VI performances.Finally,experiments are conducted to validate the accuracy and feasibility of the theoretical methods,and to demonstrate the performance of M-D low-frequency isolation with load-carrying capacity of the proposed VI platform.The integration of the origami into the parallel mechanism results in a compact,efficient,and flexible platform with nonlinear adjustability,offering new possibilities for lightweight M-D VI,and developing the practical applications in high-precision platforms in ocean and aerospace environments.展开更多
Owing to intensified globalization and informatization,the structures of the urban scale hierarchy and urban networks between cities have become increasingly intertwined,resulting in different spatial effects.Therefor...Owing to intensified globalization and informatization,the structures of the urban scale hierarchy and urban networks between cities have become increasingly intertwined,resulting in different spatial effects.Therefore,this paper analyzes the spatial interaction between urban scale hierarchy and urban networks in China from 2019 to 2023,drawing on Baidu migration data and employing a spatial simultaneous equation model.The results reveal a significant positive spatial correlation between cities with higher hierarchy and those with greater network centrality.Within a static framework,we identify a positive interaction between urban scale hierarchy and urban network centrality,while their spatial cross-effects manifest as negative neighborhood interactions based on geographical distance and positive cross-scale interactions shaped by network connections.Within a dynamic framework,changes in urban scale hierarchy and urban networks are mutually reinforcing,thereby widening disparities within the urban hierarchy.Furthermore,an increase in a city’s network centrality had a dampening effect on the population growth of neighboring cities and network-connected cities.This study enhances understanding of the spatial organisation of urban systems and offers insights for coordinated regional development.展开更多
The suppression of ablative Rayleigh–Taylor instability(ARTI)by a spatially modulated laser in inertial confinement fusion(ICF)is studied through numerical simulations.The results show that in the acceleration phase ...The suppression of ablative Rayleigh–Taylor instability(ARTI)by a spatially modulated laser in inertial confinement fusion(ICF)is studied through numerical simulations.The results show that in the acceleration phase of ICF implosion,the growth of ARTI can be suppressed by using a short-wavelength spatially modulated laser.The ARTI growth rate decreases as the wavelength of the spatially modulated laser decreases,and ARTI is completely suppressed after a certain wavelength has been reached.A spatially uniform laser is introduced to keep the state of motion of the implosion fluid consistent,and it is found that the proportion of the spatially modulated laser required for complete suppression of ARTI decreases as the wavelength continues to decrease.We also optimize the spatial intensity distribution of the spatially modulated laser.In addition,as the duration of the spatially modulated laser decreases,the proportion required for completely suppressing ARTI increases,but the required energy decreases.When the perturbation wavenumber decreases,the wavelength of the spatially modulated laser required for complete suppression of ARTI becomes longer.In the case of multimode perturbation,ARTI can also be significantly suppressed by a spatially modulated laser,and the perturbation amplitude can be reduced to less than 10% of that without a spatially modulated laser.We believe that the conclusions drawn from our simulations can provide the basis for new approaches to control ARTI in ICF.展开更多
Alzheimer’s disease(AD)is the most common form of dementia.In addition to the lack of effective treatments,there are limitations in diagnostic capabilities.The complexity of AD itself,together with a variety of other...Alzheimer’s disease(AD)is the most common form of dementia.In addition to the lack of effective treatments,there are limitations in diagnostic capabilities.The complexity of AD itself,together with a variety of other diseases often observed in a patient’s history in addition to their AD diagnosis,make deciphering the molecular mechanisms that underlie AD,even more important.Large datasets of single-cell RNA sequencing,single-nucleus RNA-sequencing(snRNA-seq),and spatial transcriptomics(ST)have become essential in guiding and supporting new investigations into the cellular and regional susceptibility of AD.However,with unique technology,software,and larger databases emerging;a lack of integration of these data can contribute to ineffective use of valuable knowledge.Importantly,there was no specialized database that concentrates on ST in AD that offers comprehensive differential analyses under various conditions,such as sex-specific,region-specific,and comparisons between AD and control groups until the new Single-cell and Spatial RNA-seq databasE for Alzheimer’s Disease(ssREAD)database(Wang et al.,2024)was introduced to meet the scientific community’s growing demand for comprehensive,integrated,and accessible data analysis.展开更多
Excessive blasting-induced vibration during drilling-and-blasting excavation of deep tunnels can trigger geological hazards and compromise the stability of both the rock mass and support structures.This study focused ...Excessive blasting-induced vibration during drilling-and-blasting excavation of deep tunnels can trigger geological hazards and compromise the stability of both the rock mass and support structures.This study focused on the deep double-line Sejila Mountain tunnel to systematically analyze the spatial response of blasting-induced vibration and to develop a prediction model through field tests and numerical simulations.The results revealed that the presence of a cross passage significantly altered propagation paths and the spatial distribution of blasting-induced vibration velocity.The peak particle velocity(PPV)at the cross-passage corner was amplified by approximately 1.92 times due to wave reflection and geometric focusing.Blasting-induced vibration waves attenuated non-uniformly across the tunnel cross-section,where PPV on the blast-face side was 1.54–6.56 times higher than that on the opposite side.We propose an improved PPV attenuation model that accounts for the propagation path effect.This model significantly improved fitting accuracy and resolved anomalous parameter(k and a)estimates in traditional equations,thereby improving prediction reliability.Furthermore,based on the observed spatial distribution of blasting-induced vibration,optimal monitoring point placement and targeted vibration control measures for tunnel blasting were discussed.These findings provide a scientific basis for designing blasting schemes and vibration mitigation strategies in deep tunnels.展开更多
The brain's functions are governed by molecular metabolic networks.However,due to the sophisticated spatial organization and diverse activities of the brain,characterizing both the minute and large-scale metabolic...The brain's functions are governed by molecular metabolic networks.However,due to the sophisticated spatial organization and diverse activities of the brain,characterizing both the minute and large-scale metabolic activity across the entire brain and its numerous micro-regions remains incredibly challenging.Here,we offer a high-definition spatially resolved metabolomics technique to better understand the metabolic specialization and interconnection throughout the mouse brain using improved ambient mass spectrometry imaging.This method allows for the simultaneous mapping of thousands of metabolites at a 30 μm spatial resolution across the mouse brain,ranging from structural lipids to functional neurotransmitters.This approach effectively reveals the distribution patterns of delicate microregions and their distinctive metabolic characteristics.Using an integrated database,we annotated 259 metabolites,demonstrating that the metabolome and metabolic pathways are unique to each brain microregion.The distribution of metabolites,closely linked to functionally connected brain regions and their interactions,offers profound insights into the complexity of chemical processes and their roles in brain function.An initial dataset for future metabolomics research might be obtained from the high-definition mouse brain's spatial metabolome atlas.展开更多
The spatial offset of bridge has a significant impact on the safety,comfort,and durability of high-speed railway(HSR)operations,so it is crucial to rapidly and effectively detect the spatial offset of operational HSR ...The spatial offset of bridge has a significant impact on the safety,comfort,and durability of high-speed railway(HSR)operations,so it is crucial to rapidly and effectively detect the spatial offset of operational HSR bridges.Drive-by monitoring of bridge uneven settlement demonstrates significant potential due to its practicality,cost-effectiveness,and efficiency.However,existing drive-by methods for detecting bridge offset have limitations such as reliance on a single data source,low detection accuracy,and the inability to identify lateral deformations of bridges.This paper proposes a novel drive-by inspection method for spatial offset of HSR bridge based on multi-source data fusion of comprehensive inspection train.Firstly,dung beetle optimizer-variational mode decomposition was employed to achieve adaptive decomposition of non-stationary dynamic signals,and explore the hidden temporal relationships in the data.Subsequently,a long short-term memory neural network was developed to achieve feature fusion of multi-source signal and accurate prediction of spatial settlement of HSR bridge.A dataset of track irregularities and CRH380A high-speed train responses was generated using a 3D train-track-bridge interaction model,and the accuracy and effectiveness of the proposed hybrid deep learning model were numerically validated.Finally,the reliability of the proposed drive-by inspection method was further validated by analyzing the actual measurement data obtained from comprehensive inspection train.The research findings indicate that the proposed approach enables rapid and accurate detection of spatial offset in HSR bridge,ensuring the long-term operational safety of HSR bridges.展开更多
Successful ex situ conservation of plant populations requires a high degree of genetic representativeness.However,spatially biased sampling in ex situ conservation efforts may fail to capture all wild genetic clusters...Successful ex situ conservation of plant populations requires a high degree of genetic representativeness.However,spatially biased sampling in ex situ conservation efforts may fail to capture all wild genetic clusters for species with range-wide genetic structure.To investigate the extent of spatially biased sampling in living collections and the coverage of wild genetic clusters in plant populations under ex situ conservation worldwide,we combined a global synthesis of ex situ conservation efforts with a case study of an endangered riparian plant species,Myricaria laxiflora.Our analysis of ex situ conservation worldwide revealed that the majority(82.6%)of ex situ populations fail to cover all wild genetic clusters,largely due to spatially biased sampling with low geographic coverage.Our case study of M.laxiflora showed that genetic diversity differed between the ex situ and upstream populations,while it was comparable between ex situ populations and other wild populations.However,current ex situ populations did not cover all wild genetic clusters,as the upstream genetic cluster was previously uncollected.Our study suggests that the failure to cover all wild genetic clusters in ex situ populations is a widespread issue,and ex situ populations with high genetic diversity can also fail to cover all wild genetic clusters.In future ex situ conservation programs,both the importance of high genetic diversity and the high coverage of wild genetic clusters should be prioritized.展开更多
The spatial organization of urban-rural systems is fundamentally shaped by the agglomeration and diffusion effects inherent in human-Earth processes,giving rise to distinct gradient-based and hierarchical structures.U...The spatial organization of urban-rural systems is fundamentally shaped by the agglomeration and diffusion effects inherent in human-Earth processes,giving rise to distinct gradient-based and hierarchical structures.Understanding the complexity of these interactions and their multidimensional drivers is essential for deciphering the mechanisms of integrated urban-rural development.Here,we apply a novel hierarchical spatial system framework based on the human-Earth system,combining social network analysis and multi-level modeling,to examine the evolution of the socio-spatial structure in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region from 2000 to 2020.We developed a comprehensive evaluation system spanning economic,social,environmental,and infrastructural dimensions to characterize spatial patterns across multiple network levels,including city clusters,metropolitan areas,municipal-counties,towns,and villages.Our analysis reveals three key findings:First,the density of foundational network connections increased significantly,reflecting a trend toward spatial concentration driven by policy-led regional integration.Second,network structures at the city-cluster and metropolitan scales exhibited a pattern of“initial expansion followed by convergence”,accompanied by notable shifts in their spatial centers of gravity.In parallel,differentiated patterns of agglomeration and expansion were evident in the township-and village-level networks of Baoding,Tangshan,and Handan,while village-level networks in Anxin,Quyang,and other locations demonstrated distinct developmental trends.Third,community structures demonstrated strong functional homophily and interactive cohesion across multiple dimensions,with metropolitan and township communities undergoing restructuring that reflects a reconfiguration of cross-level influence and functional coupling.Spatially,the system manifests as a gradient structure of interwoven point,line,and area networks,establishing a mechanism for functional differentiation and transmission from rural to urban areas.This study provides theoretical foundations and methodological support for understanding the spatial organization logic of integrated urban-rural development,offering practical reference value for advancing regional coordination and rural revitalization in a scientifically informed manner.展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(22072048)the Guangdong Provincial Department of Science and Technology(2021A1515010128 and 2022A0505050013).
文摘Succinonitrile(SN)-based polymer plastic crystal electrolytes(PPCEs)are regarded as promising candidates for lithium metal batteries but suffer from serious side reactions with Li metal.Herein,we propose a multi-dimensional optimization strategy to alleviate the side reactions between SN and Li metal,and develop a highly stable poly-vinylethylene carbonate-based PPCE(PPCE-VEC).Moreover,we identify the intrinsic factors of multi-dimensional polymer structures on the electrolyte stability by three typical classes of polyesters.The PPCE-VEC constructed by in situ polymerization exhibits much better stability than poly-vinylene carbonate-based PPCE(PPCE-VCA)and poly-trifluoroethyl acrylate-based PPCE(PPCE-TFA),which is verified by its fewer SN-decomposition species in X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy(XPS)and outstanding full cell performance.The PPCE-VEC-enabled LiNi_(0.6)Co_(0.2)Mn_(0.2)O_(2)full cell achieve 73.7%capacity retention after 1400 cycles,which outperforms PPCE-VCA-and PPCE-TFA-enabled full cells(61.9%and 46.9%).Spectral analysis and theoretical calculation reveal that the high solvation ability of the carbonyl site,flexible polymer chain,and homogeneous electrolyte phase of PPCE-VEC are favorable to maximizing competition coordination with Li^(+)to weaken the Li^(+)–SN binding and shape an anion-rich solvation structure.This optimized polymer-involved Li^(+)solvation enhances SN stability and facilitates the formation of B/F enriched solid-electrolyte interphase(SEI),thus significantly improving PPCE stability.
基金co-supported by the National Key R&D Program of China(No.2023YFB4704400)the Zhejiang Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China(No.LQ24F030012)the National Natural Science Foundation of China General Project(No.62373033)。
文摘A composite anti-disturbance predictive control strategy employing a Multi-dimensional Taylor Network(MTN)is presented for unmanned systems subject to time-delay and multi-source disturbances.First,the multi-source disturbances are addressed according to their specific characteristics as follows:(A)an MTN data-driven model,which is used for uncertainty description,is designed accompanied with the mechanism model to represent the unmanned systems;(B)an adaptive MTN filter is used to remove the influence of the internal disturbance;(C)an MTN disturbance observer is constructed to estimate and compensate for the influence of the external disturbance;(D)the Extended Kalman Filter(EKF)algorithm is utilized as the learning mechanism for MTNs.Second,to address the time-delay effect,a recursiveτstep-ahead MTN predictive model is designed utilizing recursive technology,aiming to mitigate the impact of time-delay,and the EKF algorithm is employed as its learning mechanism.Then,the MTN predictive control law is designed based on the quadratic performance index.By implementing the proposed composite controller to unmanned systems,simultaneous feedforward compensation and feedback suppression to the multi-source disturbances are conducted.Finally,the convergence of the MTN and the stability of the closed-loop system are established utilizing the Lyapunov theorem.Two exemplary applications of unmanned systems involving unmanned vehicle and rigid spacecraft are presented to validate the effectiveness of the proposed approach.
基金Under the auspices of National Social Science Foundation of China(No.21BJY194)Natural Science Foundation of Hainan Province(No.722RC631)。
文摘Public environmental concern(PEC)is an important bottom-up force in building an environmentally sustainable society.Guided by attitude theory,this paper innovatively constructed a PEC evaluation index system,while introducing entropy weighted-TOPSIS(Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution)to realize the assessment of PEC.Exploratory spatial data analysis was used to portray the spatio-temporal evolution patterns of PEC in 362 Chinese cities at prefecture-level and above from 2011 to 2018.Furthermore,the Geodetector model was performed to identify the multi-dimensional determinants of PEC from the perspective of spatial heterogeneity.The results indicated that:1)PEC in China exhibited a fluctuating upward trend,consistent with the spatial distribution law of‘Heihe-Tengchong Line’and‘Bole-Taipei Line’;2)the driving effect of each factor varied dynamically,but in general,economic development level,population size,industrial wastewater,and education level were the dominant driving factors explaining the spatial variation of PEC;3)risk detection revealed that four factors,government environmental regulations,PM_(2.5),vegetation coverage,and natural resource endowment,had nonlinear effects on PEC;4)the interactions between factors all demonstrated an enhancement in explaining the spatial differentiation of PEC.PEC was driven by the comprehensive interaction of four-dimensional factors of economy,society,pollutant emissions,and ecology.Among them,population agglomeration accompanied by a high level of regional economy and information technology can explain the increase in PEC to the greatest extent.
文摘The ancient tacit knowledge behind the logic system permeated the culture and promoted numerous impactful inventions throughout the history. Traditional Chinese medicine with its effectiveness should also have stemmed out from such logic system. This article aims to rearticulate the underlying lucid multi-dimensional logic system, which faded in obscurity only because of time-out loss of the mid-right concept. Retracing this past tacit but important concept could uncover a multi-dimensional system over a point relating to all matters while capturing the central core of the matter. The seemingly unmanageable multidimensional logic was strengthened by verification processes which affirmed its further extensions, and made up the language of the people, the concepts of yin-yang(阴阳), and the development of extensions of Ba Gua(八卦) derivatives, which furthered the interpretation of the space-time properties and Chinese medicine.
基金the financial support from the Guangxi Natural Science Foundation(grant no.2021GXNSFDA075012,2023GXNSFGA026002)National Natural Science Foundation of China(52104298,22075073,52362027,52462029)Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(531107051077).
文摘Stress accumulation is a key factor leading to sodium storage performance deterioration for NiSe_(2)-based anodes.Therefore,inhibiting the concentrated local stress during the sodiataion/desodiation process is crucial for acquiring stable NiSe2-based materials for sodium-ion batteries(SIBs),Herein,a stress dissipation strategy driven by architecture engineering is proposed,which can achieve ultrafast and ultralong sodium storage properties.Different from the conventional sphere-like or rod-like architecture,the three-dimensional(3D)flower-like NiSe_(2)@C composite is delicately designed and assembled with onedimensional nanorods and carbon framework.More importantly,the fundamental mechanism of improved structure stability is unveiled by simulations and experimental results simultaneously.It demonstrates that this designed multidimensional flower-like architecture with dispersed nanorods can balance the structural mismatch,avoid concentrated local strain,and relax the internal stress,mainly induced by the unavoidable volume variation during the repeated conversion processes.Moreover,it can provide more Na^(+)-storage sites and multi-directional migration pathways,leading to a fast Na^(+)-migration channel with boosted reaction kinetic.As expected,it delivers superior rate performance(441 mA h g^(-1)at 5.0 A g^(-1))and long cycling stability(563 mA h g^(-1)at 1.0 A g^(-1)over 1000 cycles)for SIBs.This work provides useful insights for designing high-performance conversion-based anode materials for SIBs.
文摘This paper explores whole-process engineering consulting,including its application models in public buildings and elderly-friendly projects,such as service integration and whole lifecycle management.It also addresses the construction of multi-dimensional collaborative theoretical models,public space streamline organization,and other aspects,emphasizing the importance of multi-dimensional collaboration.Additionally,it highlights the role of talent cultivation and digital transformation in enhancing project efficiency.
文摘The multi-dimensional interactive teaching model significantly enhances the effectiveness of college English instruction by emphasizing dynamic engagement between teachers and students,as well as among students themselves.This paper explores practical strategies for implementing this model,focusing on four key aspects:deepening teachers’understanding of the model through continuous learning,innovating interactive methods such as questioning techniques and practical activities,leveraging modern technology to integrate resources and track learning progress,and establishing a communication platform that centers on student participation.By adopting these approaches,the model fosters a student-centered classroom environment,improves comprehensive English application skills,and optimizes overall teaching quality.
基金Sponsored by the Quality Engineering Project of Education Department of Anhui Province(2022jyxm671)Research Team Project of Anhui Xinhua University(kytd202202)+1 种基金Key Project of Scientific Research(Natural Science)of Higher Education Institutions in Anhui Province(2022AH051861)Teaching Reform Research and Practice Quality Engineering Project of Anhui Xinhua University(2024jy035).
文摘During the critical transformation period of landscape architecture major after the adjustment of disciplinary structure and the changes in market demand,private colleges and universities,as important places for cultivating local talents,have pain points such as uneven quality of teachers and students and weak innovation and practice.The practice system with“multi-dimensional Integration”integrates four dimensions:interdisciplinary integration,spatial and temporal intersection,historical inheritance,and behavioral activity,deepens the disciplinary connotation,and integrates the three elements of nature,humanity,and technology,aiming to provide a new path for private colleges and universities to cultivate application-oriented and compound talents with innovative capabilities.In terms of optimizing talent cultivation and adapting to industry changes,this system provides thinking and reference for landscape architecture major,helping the major reshape its core competitiveness and promoting educational innovation and industry development.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(72101025,72271049),the Interdisciplinary Research Project for Young Teachers of USTB(Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities,FRF-IDRY-24-024)the Hebei Natural Science Foundation(F2023501011)+1 种基金the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(FRF-TP-20-073A1)the R&D Program of Beijing Municipal Education Commission(KM202411232015).
文摘This paper proposes a reliability evaluation model for a multi-dimensional network system,which has potential to be applied to the internet of things or other practical networks.A multi-dimensional network system with one source element and multiple sink elements is considered first.Each element can con-nect with other elements within a stochastic connection ranges.The system is regarded as successful as long as the source ele-ment remains connected with all sink elements.An importance measure is proposed to evaluate the performance of non-source elements.Furthermore,to calculate the system reliability and the element importance measure,a multi-valued decision diagram based approach is structured and its complexity is analyzed.Finally,a numerical example about the signal transfer station system is illustrated to analyze the system reliability and the ele-ment importance measure.
基金supported by the National Key R&D Program of China(No.2021YFC2103600)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.21878156,21978131,22275085,and 22278224)+2 种基金the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province(Nos.BK20200089 and BK20200691)the Project of Priority Academic Program Development of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions(PAPD)the State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering(No.KL21-08).
文摘Constructing multi-dimensional hydrogen bond(H-bond)regulated single-molecule systems with multiemission remains a challenge.Herein,we report the design of a new excited-state intramolecular proton transfer(ESIPT)featured chromophore(HBT-DPI)that shows flexible emission tunability via the multidimensional regulation of intra-and intermolecular H-bonds.The feature of switchable intramolecular Hbonds is induced via incorporating several hydrogen bond acceptors and donors into one single HBT-DPI molecule,allowing the“turn on/off”of ESIPT process by forming isomers with distinct intramolecular Hbonds configurations.In response to different external H-bonding environments,the obtained four types of crystal/cocrystals vary in the contents of isomers and the molecular packing modes,which are mainly guided by the intermolecular H-bonds,exhibiting non-emissive features or emissions ranging from green to orange.Utilizing the feature of intermolecular H-bond guided molecular packing,we demonstrate the utility of this fluorescent material for visualizing hydrophobic/hydrophilic areas on large-scale heterogeneous surfaces of modified poly(1,1-difluoroethylene)(PVDF)membranes and quantitatively estimating the surface hydrophobicity,providing a new approach for hydrophobicity/hydrophilicity monitoring and measurement.Overall,this study represents a new design strategy for constructing multi-dimensional hydrogen bond regulated ESIPT-based fluorescent materials that enable multiple emissions and unique applications.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.U2441202,12372043,and 12372022)the Fundamental Research Funds for Central Universities。
文摘To break the limitations of the multi-dimensional(M-D)vibration isolation(VI)platforms with the Stewart-Gough design,such as strongly coupling motions,excessive friction in connections,heavy weight,and limited workspace,this study processes a novel platform integrated by a stiffness-adjustable origami spring sub-structure and a parallel mechanism.The origami-based stiffness-adjustable spring realizes low-frequency VI,and the parallel mechanism symmetry design realizes motions decoupling.In the origami-based sub-leg,the parallel-stack-assembly(PSA)design mechanism with two Miura origami configurations is proposed to generate a symmetrical negative stiffness property.Paired with a linear positive stiffness spring,the origami-based sub-leg has wide-amplitude-high-static-low-dynamic stiffness(WA-HSLDS)characteristics in one direction.Then,with construction of the parallel mechanism connected with origami-based sub-legs,an M-D VI platform is achieved,whose motions in the vertical direction and yaw direction are decoupled with the motions in the other directions.Based on the dynamic model and incremental harmonic balance(IHB)with the arc-length continuation method,appropriate structural parameters in the parallel mechanism part are figured out,and the accurate transmissibility in different directions is defined,which gives the parametric influencing investigations for realization of low-frequency VI performances.Finally,experiments are conducted to validate the accuracy and feasibility of the theoretical methods,and to demonstrate the performance of M-D low-frequency isolation with load-carrying capacity of the proposed VI platform.The integration of the origami into the parallel mechanism results in a compact,efficient,and flexible platform with nonlinear adjustability,offering new possibilities for lightweight M-D VI,and developing the practical applications in high-precision platforms in ocean and aerospace environments.
基金Under the auspices of the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.42371222,41971167)Fundamental Scientific Research Funds of Central China Normal University(No.CCNU24ZZ120)。
文摘Owing to intensified globalization and informatization,the structures of the urban scale hierarchy and urban networks between cities have become increasingly intertwined,resulting in different spatial effects.Therefore,this paper analyzes the spatial interaction between urban scale hierarchy and urban networks in China from 2019 to 2023,drawing on Baidu migration data and employing a spatial simultaneous equation model.The results reveal a significant positive spatial correlation between cities with higher hierarchy and those with greater network centrality.Within a static framework,we identify a positive interaction between urban scale hierarchy and urban network centrality,while their spatial cross-effects manifest as negative neighborhood interactions based on geographical distance and positive cross-scale interactions shaped by network connections.Within a dynamic framework,changes in urban scale hierarchy and urban networks are mutually reinforcing,thereby widening disparities within the urban hierarchy.Furthermore,an increase in a city’s network centrality had a dampening effect on the population growth of neighboring cities and network-connected cities.This study enhances understanding of the spatial organisation of urban systems and offers insights for coordinated regional development.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(NSFC)(Nos.12074399,12204500,and 12004403)the Key Projects of Intergovernmental International Scientific and Technological Innovation Cooperation(No.2021YFE0116700)+1 种基金the Shanghai Natural Science Foundation(No.20ZR1464400)the Shanghai Sailing Program(No.22YF1455300).
文摘The suppression of ablative Rayleigh–Taylor instability(ARTI)by a spatially modulated laser in inertial confinement fusion(ICF)is studied through numerical simulations.The results show that in the acceleration phase of ICF implosion,the growth of ARTI can be suppressed by using a short-wavelength spatially modulated laser.The ARTI growth rate decreases as the wavelength of the spatially modulated laser decreases,and ARTI is completely suppressed after a certain wavelength has been reached.A spatially uniform laser is introduced to keep the state of motion of the implosion fluid consistent,and it is found that the proportion of the spatially modulated laser required for complete suppression of ARTI decreases as the wavelength continues to decrease.We also optimize the spatial intensity distribution of the spatially modulated laser.In addition,as the duration of the spatially modulated laser decreases,the proportion required for completely suppressing ARTI increases,but the required energy decreases.When the perturbation wavenumber decreases,the wavelength of the spatially modulated laser required for complete suppression of ARTI becomes longer.In the case of multimode perturbation,ARTI can also be significantly suppressed by a spatially modulated laser,and the perturbation amplitude can be reduced to less than 10% of that without a spatially modulated laser.We believe that the conclusions drawn from our simulations can provide the basis for new approaches to control ARTI in ICF.
文摘Alzheimer’s disease(AD)is the most common form of dementia.In addition to the lack of effective treatments,there are limitations in diagnostic capabilities.The complexity of AD itself,together with a variety of other diseases often observed in a patient’s history in addition to their AD diagnosis,make deciphering the molecular mechanisms that underlie AD,even more important.Large datasets of single-cell RNA sequencing,single-nucleus RNA-sequencing(snRNA-seq),and spatial transcriptomics(ST)have become essential in guiding and supporting new investigations into the cellular and regional susceptibility of AD.However,with unique technology,software,and larger databases emerging;a lack of integration of these data can contribute to ineffective use of valuable knowledge.Importantly,there was no specialized database that concentrates on ST in AD that offers comprehensive differential analyses under various conditions,such as sex-specific,region-specific,and comparisons between AD and control groups until the new Single-cell and Spatial RNA-seq databasE for Alzheimer’s Disease(ssREAD)database(Wang et al.,2024)was introduced to meet the scientific community’s growing demand for comprehensive,integrated,and accessible data analysis.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.42577209 and U22A20239)the Key R&D Program of Hunan Province(No.2024WK2004)the Key Technologies for Accurate Diagnosis and Intelligent Prevention and Control of Slope Hazards in Open pit Mines,181 Major R&D projects of Metallurgical Corporation of China Ltd。
文摘Excessive blasting-induced vibration during drilling-and-blasting excavation of deep tunnels can trigger geological hazards and compromise the stability of both the rock mass and support structures.This study focused on the deep double-line Sejila Mountain tunnel to systematically analyze the spatial response of blasting-induced vibration and to develop a prediction model through field tests and numerical simulations.The results revealed that the presence of a cross passage significantly altered propagation paths and the spatial distribution of blasting-induced vibration velocity.The peak particle velocity(PPV)at the cross-passage corner was amplified by approximately 1.92 times due to wave reflection and geometric focusing.Blasting-induced vibration waves attenuated non-uniformly across the tunnel cross-section,where PPV on the blast-face side was 1.54–6.56 times higher than that on the opposite side.We propose an improved PPV attenuation model that accounts for the propagation path effect.This model significantly improved fitting accuracy and resolved anomalous parameter(k and a)estimates in traditional equations,thereby improving prediction reliability.Furthermore,based on the observed spatial distribution of blasting-induced vibration,optimal monitoring point placement and targeted vibration control measures for tunnel blasting were discussed.These findings provide a scientific basis for designing blasting schemes and vibration mitigation strategies in deep tunnels.
基金financial support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos.82473887 and 21927808)the Scientific and Technological Innovation Program of Shanghai (No.23DZ2202500)the CAMS Innovation Fund for Medical Sciences (No.2021-1-I2M-026)。
文摘The brain's functions are governed by molecular metabolic networks.However,due to the sophisticated spatial organization and diverse activities of the brain,characterizing both the minute and large-scale metabolic activity across the entire brain and its numerous micro-regions remains incredibly challenging.Here,we offer a high-definition spatially resolved metabolomics technique to better understand the metabolic specialization and interconnection throughout the mouse brain using improved ambient mass spectrometry imaging.This method allows for the simultaneous mapping of thousands of metabolites at a 30 μm spatial resolution across the mouse brain,ranging from structural lipids to functional neurotransmitters.This approach effectively reveals the distribution patterns of delicate microregions and their distinctive metabolic characteristics.Using an integrated database,we annotated 259 metabolites,demonstrating that the metabolome and metabolic pathways are unique to each brain microregion.The distribution of metabolites,closely linked to functionally connected brain regions and their interactions,offers profound insights into the complexity of chemical processes and their roles in brain function.An initial dataset for future metabolomics research might be obtained from the high-definition mouse brain's spatial metabolome atlas.
基金sponsored by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.52178100).
文摘The spatial offset of bridge has a significant impact on the safety,comfort,and durability of high-speed railway(HSR)operations,so it is crucial to rapidly and effectively detect the spatial offset of operational HSR bridges.Drive-by monitoring of bridge uneven settlement demonstrates significant potential due to its practicality,cost-effectiveness,and efficiency.However,existing drive-by methods for detecting bridge offset have limitations such as reliance on a single data source,low detection accuracy,and the inability to identify lateral deformations of bridges.This paper proposes a novel drive-by inspection method for spatial offset of HSR bridge based on multi-source data fusion of comprehensive inspection train.Firstly,dung beetle optimizer-variational mode decomposition was employed to achieve adaptive decomposition of non-stationary dynamic signals,and explore the hidden temporal relationships in the data.Subsequently,a long short-term memory neural network was developed to achieve feature fusion of multi-source signal and accurate prediction of spatial settlement of HSR bridge.A dataset of track irregularities and CRH380A high-speed train responses was generated using a 3D train-track-bridge interaction model,and the accuracy and effectiveness of the proposed hybrid deep learning model were numerically validated.Finally,the reliability of the proposed drive-by inspection method was further validated by analyzing the actual measurement data obtained from comprehensive inspection train.The research findings indicate that the proposed approach enables rapid and accurate detection of spatial offset in HSR bridge,ensuring the long-term operational safety of HSR bridges.
基金supported by National Key Research and Development Program of China(2024YFF1307400)Hubei Provincial Natural Science Foundation and Three Gorges Innovation Development Joint Fund(Grant No.2023AFD195)China Three Gorges Corporation(NBZZ202300130).
文摘Successful ex situ conservation of plant populations requires a high degree of genetic representativeness.However,spatially biased sampling in ex situ conservation efforts may fail to capture all wild genetic clusters for species with range-wide genetic structure.To investigate the extent of spatially biased sampling in living collections and the coverage of wild genetic clusters in plant populations under ex situ conservation worldwide,we combined a global synthesis of ex situ conservation efforts with a case study of an endangered riparian plant species,Myricaria laxiflora.Our analysis of ex situ conservation worldwide revealed that the majority(82.6%)of ex situ populations fail to cover all wild genetic clusters,largely due to spatially biased sampling with low geographic coverage.Our case study of M.laxiflora showed that genetic diversity differed between the ex situ and upstream populations,while it was comparable between ex situ populations and other wild populations.However,current ex situ populations did not cover all wild genetic clusters,as the upstream genetic cluster was previously uncollected.Our study suggests that the failure to cover all wild genetic clusters in ex situ populations is a widespread issue,and ex situ populations with high genetic diversity can also fail to cover all wild genetic clusters.In future ex situ conservation programs,both the importance of high genetic diversity and the high coverage of wild genetic clusters should be prioritized.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.42293270,42530712)the Young Scientists Fund of the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.42401334).
文摘The spatial organization of urban-rural systems is fundamentally shaped by the agglomeration and diffusion effects inherent in human-Earth processes,giving rise to distinct gradient-based and hierarchical structures.Understanding the complexity of these interactions and their multidimensional drivers is essential for deciphering the mechanisms of integrated urban-rural development.Here,we apply a novel hierarchical spatial system framework based on the human-Earth system,combining social network analysis and multi-level modeling,to examine the evolution of the socio-spatial structure in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region from 2000 to 2020.We developed a comprehensive evaluation system spanning economic,social,environmental,and infrastructural dimensions to characterize spatial patterns across multiple network levels,including city clusters,metropolitan areas,municipal-counties,towns,and villages.Our analysis reveals three key findings:First,the density of foundational network connections increased significantly,reflecting a trend toward spatial concentration driven by policy-led regional integration.Second,network structures at the city-cluster and metropolitan scales exhibited a pattern of“initial expansion followed by convergence”,accompanied by notable shifts in their spatial centers of gravity.In parallel,differentiated patterns of agglomeration and expansion were evident in the township-and village-level networks of Baoding,Tangshan,and Handan,while village-level networks in Anxin,Quyang,and other locations demonstrated distinct developmental trends.Third,community structures demonstrated strong functional homophily and interactive cohesion across multiple dimensions,with metropolitan and township communities undergoing restructuring that reflects a reconfiguration of cross-level influence and functional coupling.Spatially,the system manifests as a gradient structure of interwoven point,line,and area networks,establishing a mechanism for functional differentiation and transmission from rural to urban areas.This study provides theoretical foundations and methodological support for understanding the spatial organization logic of integrated urban-rural development,offering practical reference value for advancing regional coordination and rural revitalization in a scientifically informed manner.
