Installing internal bulkheads in a composite bucket foundation alters the rotational symmetry characteristic of a single-compartment bucket foundation,consequently influencing the stress distribution within the bucket...Installing internal bulkheads in a composite bucket foundation alters the rotational symmetry characteristic of a single-compartment bucket foundation,consequently influencing the stress distribution within the bucket and surrounding soil.During the seabed penetration of a spudcan from a jack-up wind turbine installation vessel,an angle may form between the spudcan’s axis and the axis of symmetry of the adjacent composite bucket foundation in the horizontal plane.Such a misalignment may affect load distribution and the non-uniform interaction between the foundation,soil,and spudcan,ultimately influencing the foundation’s stability.This study employs physical model tests to ascertain the trends in end resistance during spudcan penetration in sand,the extent of soil disturbance,and the backflow condition.The finite element coupled Eulerian-Lagrangian method is validated and utilized to determine the range of penetration angles that induce alterations in the maximum vertical displacement and tilt rate of the composite bucket foundation in sand.The differential contact stress distribution at the base of the bucket is analyzed,with qualitative criteria for sand backflow provided.Findings demonstrate that the maximum vertical displacement and tilt rate of the composite bucket foundation display a“wave-like”variation with the increasing spudcan penetration angle,peaking when the angle between the spudcan and bulkhead is the smallest.Stress distribution is predominantly concentrated at the base and apex of the bucket,becoming increasingly uneven as the penetration angle deviates from the foundation’s symmetry axis.The maximum stress gradually shifts to the junction of the bulkhead and bucket bottom on the side with the shortest net distance from the spudcan.Considering the in-place stability and stress state of the composite bucket foundation is therefore imperative,and particular attention should be paid to the foundation’s state when the angle between the spudcan and bulkhead is small.展开更多
A composite anti-disturbance predictive control strategy employing a Multi-dimensional Taylor Network(MTN)is presented for unmanned systems subject to time-delay and multi-source disturbances.First,the multi-source di...A composite anti-disturbance predictive control strategy employing a Multi-dimensional Taylor Network(MTN)is presented for unmanned systems subject to time-delay and multi-source disturbances.First,the multi-source disturbances are addressed according to their specific characteristics as follows:(A)an MTN data-driven model,which is used for uncertainty description,is designed accompanied with the mechanism model to represent the unmanned systems;(B)an adaptive MTN filter is used to remove the influence of the internal disturbance;(C)an MTN disturbance observer is constructed to estimate and compensate for the influence of the external disturbance;(D)the Extended Kalman Filter(EKF)algorithm is utilized as the learning mechanism for MTNs.Second,to address the time-delay effect,a recursiveτstep-ahead MTN predictive model is designed utilizing recursive technology,aiming to mitigate the impact of time-delay,and the EKF algorithm is employed as its learning mechanism.Then,the MTN predictive control law is designed based on the quadratic performance index.By implementing the proposed composite controller to unmanned systems,simultaneous feedforward compensation and feedback suppression to the multi-source disturbances are conducted.Finally,the convergence of the MTN and the stability of the closed-loop system are established utilizing the Lyapunov theorem.Two exemplary applications of unmanned systems involving unmanned vehicle and rigid spacecraft are presented to validate the effectiveness of the proposed approach.展开更多
AIM:To identify topographic determinants of the anterior chamber angle(ACA)in patients with keratoconus(KCN).METHODS:Four hundred and ten eyes of 294 patients with KCN were recruited for this study.First,complete ocul...AIM:To identify topographic determinants of the anterior chamber angle(ACA)in patients with keratoconus(KCN).METHODS:Four hundred and ten eyes of 294 patients with KCN were recruited for this study.First,complete ocular examinations were performed for all patients,including visual acuity measurement,refraction,and slit-lamp biomicroscopy.Then,all participants underwent corneal imaging by the Oculus Pentacam HR.RESULTS:The mean age of the participants was 32.40±8.52y(15-60y)and 69.5%of them were male.The mean ACA was 38.47°±5.75°(range:14.40°to 56.50°)in the whole sample,38.24°±6.00°in males,and 38.98°±5.11°in females(P=0.447).The mean ACA was significantly different among different groups of cone morphology,as patients with nipple cones showed the lowest mean ACA.Moreover,there were statistically significant differences in the mean ACA among different groups of cone locations,with patients having central cones exhibiting the lowest mean ACA(P<0.001).Anterior and posterior Q values were significantly,directly correlated with ACA(anterior Q:r=0.122,P=0.014,posterior Q:r=0.192,P<0.001).CONCLUSION:This study provides critical insights into the risk factors for ACA narrowing in KCN patients,which is essential for planning intraocular surgeries.Patients with nipple and central cones exhibited the most significant ACA narrowing.Additionally,more negative Q-values are associated with increased ACA narrowing,highlighting the need for targeted diagnostic and therapeutic strategies.展开更多
To improve the vertical axis wind turbine(VAWT)design,the angle of attack(AOA)and airfoil data must be treated correctly.The present paper develops a method for determining AOA on a VAWT based on computational fluid d...To improve the vertical axis wind turbine(VAWT)design,the angle of attack(AOA)and airfoil data must be treated correctly.The present paper develops a method for determining AOA on a VAWT based on computational fluid dynamics(CFD)analysis.First,a CFD analysis of a two-bladed VAWT equipped with a NACA 0012 airfoil is conducted.The thrust and power coefficients are validated through experiments.Second,the blade force and velocity data at monitoring points are collected.The AOA at different azimuth angles is determined by removing the blade self-induction at the monitoring point.Then,the lift and drag coefficients as a function of AOA are extracted.Results show that this method is independent of the monitoring points selection located at certain distance to the blades and the extracted dynamic stall hysteresis is more precise than the one with the“usual”method without considering the self-induction from bound vortices.展开更多
Unsteady aerodynamic characteristics at high angles of attack are of great importance to the design and development of advanced fighter aircraft, which are characterized by post-stall maneuverability with multiple Deg...Unsteady aerodynamic characteristics at high angles of attack are of great importance to the design and development of advanced fighter aircraft, which are characterized by post-stall maneuverability with multiple Degrees-of-Freedom(multi-DOF) and complex flow field structure.In this paper, a special kind of cable-driven parallel mechanism is firstly utilized as a new suspension method to conduct unsteady dynamic wind tunnel tests at high angles of attack, thereby providing experimental aerodynamic data. These tests include a wide range of multi-DOF coupled oscillatory motions with various amplitudes and frequencies. Then, for aerodynamic modeling and analysis, a novel data-driven Feature-Level Attention Recurrent neural network(FLAR) is proposed. This model incorporates a specially designed feature-level attention module that focuses on the state variables affecting the aerodynamic coefficients, thereby enhancing the physical interpretability of the aerodynamic model. Subsequently, spin maneuver simulations, using a mathematical model as the baseline, are conducted to validate the effectiveness of the FLAR. Finally, the results on wind tunnel data reveal that the FLAR accurately predicts aerodynamic coefficients, and observations through the visualization of attention scores identify the key state variables that affect the aerodynamic coefficients. It is concluded that the proposed FLAR enhances the interpretability of the aerodynamic model while achieving good prediction accuracy and generalization capability for multi-DOF coupling motion at high angles of attack.展开更多
To examine the effect of bedding angle upon burst proneness in terms of energy,phyllites with seven various bedding angles are selected for conventional uniaxial compression and single-cyclic loading eunloading uniaxi...To examine the effect of bedding angle upon burst proneness in terms of energy,phyllites with seven various bedding angles are selected for conventional uniaxial compression and single-cyclic loading eunloading uniaxial compression tests.The ejection and failure during compression process of phyllites are monitored in real-time by high-speed camera system.The results demonstrate that the phyllites with different bedding angles all consistently follow the linear energy storage and dissipation(LESD)law during compression.The ultimate energy storage of phyllites with varying bedding angles can be calculated precisely via using the LESD law.Based on this,four kinds of energy-based rockburst indices are applied to quantitatively assess the burst proneness for phyllites.Combined with the recorded images of high-speed camera system,ejection distance,and mass of rock fragments and powder,the burst proneness for phyllites with various bedding angles is qualitatively evaluated adopting the far-field ejection mass ratio.Next,burst proneness of anisotropic phyllites is assessed quantitatively and qualitatively.It is found that phyllites with bedding angles of 0°,15°,and 90°have a high burst proneness,and that with bedding angle of 30°has a medium burst proneness,whereas the ones with bedding angles of 45°,60°,and 75°have a low burst proneness.Finally,the published experimental data of shale and sandstone specimens with different bedding angles are extracted,and it is preliminarily verified that the bedding angle does not change the LESD law of rocks.展开更多
In this study,to better decide the effect of coal seam dip angle upon the dynamic change of the crossfusion in gas transport and storage areas during the progress of working face in the high gas thick coal seam,a two-...In this study,to better decide the effect of coal seam dip angle upon the dynamic change of the crossfusion in gas transport and storage areas during the progress of working face in the high gas thick coal seam,a two-dimensional physical simulation experiment regarded as the theoretical research was conducted to properly explore the variation law of overburden fracture.The results demonstrated that the boundary of the gas transport zone was located in the region of fracture separation.The boundary of the gas storage area was located in the abrupt penetration zone.Also,according to the information theory,the state of the gas transport and storage areas was determined by the changing trend of the fracture rate and fracture entropy.The mathematical representation model of the dip effect in gas transport and storage areas was established.The criteria upon which the regional location of the gas transport area and gas storage area can be based were put forward.The cross-fusion evolution process of the dip effect in gas transport and storage areas was revealed as well.The research results could provide guidance for realising directional and accurate gas extraction.展开更多
AIM:To investigate how angles kappa and alpha affect postoperative visual quality in patients with multifocal intraocular lens(mIOLs)implantation.METHODS:Retrospective cases series.A total of 46 patients(46 eyes)who u...AIM:To investigate how angles kappa and alpha affect postoperative visual quality in patients with multifocal intraocular lens(mIOLs)implantation.METHODS:Retrospective cases series.A total of 46 patients(46 eyes)who underwent phacoemulsification were subsumed.The correlation between Preoperative angles kappa and alpha,wave-front aberrations and objective visual quality of cornea,internal,and total eye after surgery were analyzed using iTrace.RESULTS:The magnitude of angle kappa was negatively correlated with internal and total modulation transfer function(MTF)at 3 mm;the magnitude of angle kappa was positively correlated with astigmatism,trefoil,higher-order aberrations(HOAs)of both internal and total eye at 3 mm.The magnitude of angle alpha was negatively correlated with total MTF and total Strehl ratio at 3 mm.The magnitude of angle alpha was positively correlated with corneal coma at 5 mm,internal astigmatism at both 3 mm and 5 mm,and total spherical aberration(SA)at 3 mm.Multivariate linear regression analysis showed that,among candidate independent variables(kappa,alpha,astigmatism,SA,coma,trefoil,and HOAs),astigmatism is the only independent factor for altering corneal MTF at 3 mm and 5 mm;astigmatism and HOAs emerged as independent factors for altering internal MTF at 3 mm and 5 mm,and total MTF at 3 mm;astigmatism,SA and HOAs emerged as independent factors for altering total MTF at 5 mm.CONCLUSION:With greater preoperative angle kappa or angle alpha,patients who accept mIOL implantation tend to have larger internal astigmatism and HOAs,which resulting in poor visual quality,especially those with small pupil size.展开更多
The ancient tacit knowledge behind the logic system permeated the culture and promoted numerous impactful inventions throughout the history. Traditional Chinese medicine with its effectiveness should also have stemmed...The ancient tacit knowledge behind the logic system permeated the culture and promoted numerous impactful inventions throughout the history. Traditional Chinese medicine with its effectiveness should also have stemmed out from such logic system. This article aims to rearticulate the underlying lucid multi-dimensional logic system, which faded in obscurity only because of time-out loss of the mid-right concept. Retracing this past tacit but important concept could uncover a multi-dimensional system over a point relating to all matters while capturing the central core of the matter. The seemingly unmanageable multidimensional logic was strengthened by verification processes which affirmed its further extensions, and made up the language of the people, the concepts of yin-yang(阴阳), and the development of extensions of Ba Gua(八卦) derivatives, which furthered the interpretation of the space-time properties and Chinese medicine.展开更多
AIM:To explore the effect of Alpha angle and Kappa angle before multifocal intraocular lenses(MIOLs)implantation on postoperative visual quality of patients.METHODS:Before and 3mo after cataract surgery,Alpha angle an...AIM:To explore the effect of Alpha angle and Kappa angle before multifocal intraocular lenses(MIOLs)implantation on postoperative visual quality of patients.METHODS:Before and 3mo after cataract surgery,Alpha angle and Kappa angle were collected using IOL Master 700,iTrace,and Pentacam for clinical observation.Postoperative visual quality indicators,including high-order aberrations(HOA),modulation transfer function(MTF)and point spread function(PSF),were collected using iTrace.multiple linear regression analysis was used to analyze the correlation of the Kappa angle and the Alpha angle with age,axial length(AL),anterior chamber depth(ACD),keratometry(K),lens thickness(LT)and corneal white to white distance(WTW).Pearson correlation coefficient was used to analyze the correlation between Alpha angle and Kappa angle;Bland Altman analysis was used to evaluate the consistency of pairwise detection results of three instruments.RESULTS:The Alpha angle was modeled as Alpha=2.230+0.003×age-0.036×AL-0.025×K-0.058×WTW and the Kappa angle was modeled as Kappa=0.685+0.003×age-0.013×K-0.061×WTW.The correlation between the total Alpha angle and Kappa angle of the three instruments was weakly positive(r=0.291,P=0.000).Comparing the measurement of Alpha angle and Kappa angle using three instruments,only IOL Master 700 and iTrace showed good consistency in measuring Kappa angle(P=0.4254).After 3mo of surgery,the Alpha angle and Kappa angle significantly decreased(P=0.011,0.018;P=0.008,0.036).△Kappa=1.136-0.021×AL-0.013×K.Kappa angle could positively predict HOA(β=0.18,P=0.000),MTF(β=0.171,P=0.000),PSF(β=0.088,P=0.000),Alpha angle cannot(P>0.05).CONCLUSION:The patients with older age,flatter K and shorter WTW should be alert to the possibility of larger Alpha angle and Kappa angle.Alpha angle should also consider the factor of AL.When selecting patients with MIOLs implantation,there is no need to consider the Alpha angle.Careful consideration should be given to the Kappa angle,and the preoperative standard of<0.5 mm can refer to△Kappa=1.136-0.021×AL-0.013×K and be appropriately relaxed.展开更多
Stress accumulation is a key factor leading to sodium storage performance deterioration for NiSe_(2)-based anodes.Therefore,inhibiting the concentrated local stress during the sodiataion/desodiation process is crucial...Stress accumulation is a key factor leading to sodium storage performance deterioration for NiSe_(2)-based anodes.Therefore,inhibiting the concentrated local stress during the sodiataion/desodiation process is crucial for acquiring stable NiSe2-based materials for sodium-ion batteries(SIBs),Herein,a stress dissipation strategy driven by architecture engineering is proposed,which can achieve ultrafast and ultralong sodium storage properties.Different from the conventional sphere-like or rod-like architecture,the three-dimensional(3D)flower-like NiSe_(2)@C composite is delicately designed and assembled with onedimensional nanorods and carbon framework.More importantly,the fundamental mechanism of improved structure stability is unveiled by simulations and experimental results simultaneously.It demonstrates that this designed multidimensional flower-like architecture with dispersed nanorods can balance the structural mismatch,avoid concentrated local strain,and relax the internal stress,mainly induced by the unavoidable volume variation during the repeated conversion processes.Moreover,it can provide more Na^(+)-storage sites and multi-directional migration pathways,leading to a fast Na^(+)-migration channel with boosted reaction kinetic.As expected,it delivers superior rate performance(441 mA h g^(-1)at 5.0 A g^(-1))and long cycling stability(563 mA h g^(-1)at 1.0 A g^(-1)over 1000 cycles)for SIBs.This work provides useful insights for designing high-performance conversion-based anode materials for SIBs.展开更多
This paper explores whole-process engineering consulting,including its application models in public buildings and elderly-friendly projects,such as service integration and whole lifecycle management.It also addresses ...This paper explores whole-process engineering consulting,including its application models in public buildings and elderly-friendly projects,such as service integration and whole lifecycle management.It also addresses the construction of multi-dimensional collaborative theoretical models,public space streamline organization,and other aspects,emphasizing the importance of multi-dimensional collaboration.Additionally,it highlights the role of talent cultivation and digital transformation in enhancing project efficiency.展开更多
Dear Editor,X-linked retinoschisis(XLRS)is a rare X-linked recessive disorder predominantly afflicting young males.The schisis of the retinal layers is a result of deleterious mutations in the RS1 gene.Insufficient ep...Dear Editor,X-linked retinoschisis(XLRS)is a rare X-linked recessive disorder predominantly afflicting young males.The schisis of the retinal layers is a result of deleterious mutations in the RS1 gene.Insufficient epidemiological data has caused significant variation in reported global prevalence,with estimates fluctuating between 1 in 5000 and 1 in 30000 individuals[1].A large follow-up multicenter study recently published has yielded noteworthy findings concerning the phenotypic spectrum,long-term natural history,and genotype of XLRS.The investigation revealed a significant variability in visual function and disease progression,with particular variants of the RS1 gene displaying diverse phenotypic expressions,suggesting the intricate genetic basis underlying this disorder[2].The range of visual impairments associated with XLRS is extensive,varying from minor to severe.This condition is also characterized by specific retinal abnormalities,including radial streaks emanating from a divided central fovea,schisis affecting the inner layers of the retina in peripheral areas,and a diminished amplitude ratio of b-to a-wave,or even an electronegative electroretinography(ERG)[3].At their initial consultation,the majority of individuals with XLRS exhibit visual acuity(VA)levels between 20/60 and 20/120.However,there is a significant diversity in the condition’s presentation and progression,even among relatives,with VA levels spanning from near-normal to complete loss of sight[4-5].While vision tends to be reasonably consistent over several years for those with XLRS,there is documentation of a more rapid decline in later adulthood,specifically during the fourth and fifth decades,due to central retinal degeneration[5-7].Moreover,those with XLRS face an elevated risk for serious visual issues,such as retinal detachment,vitreous hemorrhages,and neovascular glaucoma[4].Female carriers could be found with slightly abnormal retinal changes without clinical symptoms[5].Even within the same family,the manifestation and progression of the condition can vary greatly,with individuals experiencing anything from nearly normal vision to complete loss of sight[8-9].Earlier investigations have revealed that retinoschisisrelated cystoid degeneration can impact multiple layers of the retina,beginning at the retinal nerve fiber zone and continuing to the nuclear stratum,with considerable fluctuation in the severity of the schisis[10-13].展开更多
The multi-dimensional interactive teaching model significantly enhances the effectiveness of college English instruction by emphasizing dynamic engagement between teachers and students,as well as among students themse...The multi-dimensional interactive teaching model significantly enhances the effectiveness of college English instruction by emphasizing dynamic engagement between teachers and students,as well as among students themselves.This paper explores practical strategies for implementing this model,focusing on four key aspects:deepening teachers’understanding of the model through continuous learning,innovating interactive methods such as questioning techniques and practical activities,leveraging modern technology to integrate resources and track learning progress,and establishing a communication platform that centers on student participation.By adopting these approaches,the model fosters a student-centered classroom environment,improves comprehensive English application skills,and optimizes overall teaching quality.展开更多
During the critical transformation period of landscape architecture major after the adjustment of disciplinary structure and the changes in market demand,private colleges and universities,as important places for culti...During the critical transformation period of landscape architecture major after the adjustment of disciplinary structure and the changes in market demand,private colleges and universities,as important places for cultivating local talents,have pain points such as uneven quality of teachers and students and weak innovation and practice.The practice system with“multi-dimensional Integration”integrates four dimensions:interdisciplinary integration,spatial and temporal intersection,historical inheritance,and behavioral activity,deepens the disciplinary connotation,and integrates the three elements of nature,humanity,and technology,aiming to provide a new path for private colleges and universities to cultivate application-oriented and compound talents with innovative capabilities.In terms of optimizing talent cultivation and adapting to industry changes,this system provides thinking and reference for landscape architecture major,helping the major reshape its core competitiveness and promoting educational innovation and industry development.展开更多
This paper proposes a reliability evaluation model for a multi-dimensional network system,which has potential to be applied to the internet of things or other practical networks.A multi-dimensional network system with...This paper proposes a reliability evaluation model for a multi-dimensional network system,which has potential to be applied to the internet of things or other practical networks.A multi-dimensional network system with one source element and multiple sink elements is considered first.Each element can con-nect with other elements within a stochastic connection ranges.The system is regarded as successful as long as the source ele-ment remains connected with all sink elements.An importance measure is proposed to evaluate the performance of non-source elements.Furthermore,to calculate the system reliability and the element importance measure,a multi-valued decision diagram based approach is structured and its complexity is analyzed.Finally,a numerical example about the signal transfer station system is illustrated to analyze the system reliability and the ele-ment importance measure.展开更多
Constructing multi-dimensional hydrogen bond(H-bond)regulated single-molecule systems with multiemission remains a challenge.Herein,we report the design of a new excited-state intramolecular proton transfer(ESIPT)feat...Constructing multi-dimensional hydrogen bond(H-bond)regulated single-molecule systems with multiemission remains a challenge.Herein,we report the design of a new excited-state intramolecular proton transfer(ESIPT)featured chromophore(HBT-DPI)that shows flexible emission tunability via the multidimensional regulation of intra-and intermolecular H-bonds.The feature of switchable intramolecular Hbonds is induced via incorporating several hydrogen bond acceptors and donors into one single HBT-DPI molecule,allowing the“turn on/off”of ESIPT process by forming isomers with distinct intramolecular Hbonds configurations.In response to different external H-bonding environments,the obtained four types of crystal/cocrystals vary in the contents of isomers and the molecular packing modes,which are mainly guided by the intermolecular H-bonds,exhibiting non-emissive features or emissions ranging from green to orange.Utilizing the feature of intermolecular H-bond guided molecular packing,we demonstrate the utility of this fluorescent material for visualizing hydrophobic/hydrophilic areas on large-scale heterogeneous surfaces of modified poly(1,1-difluoroethylene)(PVDF)membranes and quantitatively estimating the surface hydrophobicity,providing a new approach for hydrophobicity/hydrophilicity monitoring and measurement.Overall,this study represents a new design strategy for constructing multi-dimensional hydrogen bond regulated ESIPT-based fluorescent materials that enable multiple emissions and unique applications.展开更多
Accurate target angle estimation is one of the chal-lenges for wideband radars due to the fact that target occupies multiple range bins,resulting in lower energy or signal to noise ratio in a single range bin.This pap...Accurate target angle estimation is one of the chal-lenges for wideband radars due to the fact that target occupies multiple range bins,resulting in lower energy or signal to noise ratio in a single range bin.This paper proposes a processing technique for enhanced accuracy of target angle estimates for wideband monopulse radars.Firstly,to accumulate the energy of the received echo signals from different scatterers on a target,the phase difference between different scatterers on a target is estimated using the minimum entropy phase estimation method combining with the correlation between adjacent pulses.Then,the monopulse ratio is obtained by using the signals from the accumulated sum and difference channels.The target angle is estimated by weighting the accumulated echo energy for accu-racy enhancement.Experimental results based on both numeri-cal simulation and measured data are presented to validate the effectiveness of the proposed technique.展开更多
Endodermal cells and starch-accumulating amyloplasts are well-known gravity sensors initiating shoot gravitropism in Arabidopsis thaliana.The transcription factors SHR and SGR1 regulate endodermal cell formation,while...Endodermal cells and starch-accumulating amyloplasts are well-known gravity sensors initiating shoot gravitropism in Arabidopsis thaliana.The transcription factors SHR and SGR1 regulate endodermal cell formation,while PGM has been demonstrated to regulate starch biosynthesis within chloroplasts,which eventually leads to starch accumulation in amyloplasts.However,the molecular mechanisms of gravity sensing in monocot shoots remain largely unexplored.In this study,we investigated the roles of these genes in rice(Oryza sativa),a model monocot,using CRISPR-Cas9 to generate single,double,and higher-order mutants.The rice genome harbors two orthologs each of SHR and SGR and a single ortholog of PGM.Our results revealed that single mutants of OsPGM,but not OsSHR or OsSGR,showed compromised shoot gravitropism.However,double mutants shr1shr2 and sgr1sgr2 displayed wider tiller angles and reduced gravity sensing,suggesting functional redundancy within each gene pair.Higher-order mutants exhibited progressively severe phenotypes,with quintuple mutants almost unresponsive to gravity stimulation.These findings suggest that these genes act additively through distinct but converging pathways in shoot gravitropism regulation.This study provides novel insights into the molecular mechanisms underlying gravity sensing in monocots and offers valuable knowledge for precision breeding to optimize rice architecture.展开更多
文摘Installing internal bulkheads in a composite bucket foundation alters the rotational symmetry characteristic of a single-compartment bucket foundation,consequently influencing the stress distribution within the bucket and surrounding soil.During the seabed penetration of a spudcan from a jack-up wind turbine installation vessel,an angle may form between the spudcan’s axis and the axis of symmetry of the adjacent composite bucket foundation in the horizontal plane.Such a misalignment may affect load distribution and the non-uniform interaction between the foundation,soil,and spudcan,ultimately influencing the foundation’s stability.This study employs physical model tests to ascertain the trends in end resistance during spudcan penetration in sand,the extent of soil disturbance,and the backflow condition.The finite element coupled Eulerian-Lagrangian method is validated and utilized to determine the range of penetration angles that induce alterations in the maximum vertical displacement and tilt rate of the composite bucket foundation in sand.The differential contact stress distribution at the base of the bucket is analyzed,with qualitative criteria for sand backflow provided.Findings demonstrate that the maximum vertical displacement and tilt rate of the composite bucket foundation display a“wave-like”variation with the increasing spudcan penetration angle,peaking when the angle between the spudcan and bulkhead is the smallest.Stress distribution is predominantly concentrated at the base and apex of the bucket,becoming increasingly uneven as the penetration angle deviates from the foundation’s symmetry axis.The maximum stress gradually shifts to the junction of the bulkhead and bucket bottom on the side with the shortest net distance from the spudcan.Considering the in-place stability and stress state of the composite bucket foundation is therefore imperative,and particular attention should be paid to the foundation’s state when the angle between the spudcan and bulkhead is small.
基金co-supported by the National Key R&D Program of China(No.2023YFB4704400)the Zhejiang Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China(No.LQ24F030012)the National Natural Science Foundation of China General Project(No.62373033)。
文摘A composite anti-disturbance predictive control strategy employing a Multi-dimensional Taylor Network(MTN)is presented for unmanned systems subject to time-delay and multi-source disturbances.First,the multi-source disturbances are addressed according to their specific characteristics as follows:(A)an MTN data-driven model,which is used for uncertainty description,is designed accompanied with the mechanism model to represent the unmanned systems;(B)an adaptive MTN filter is used to remove the influence of the internal disturbance;(C)an MTN disturbance observer is constructed to estimate and compensate for the influence of the external disturbance;(D)the Extended Kalman Filter(EKF)algorithm is utilized as the learning mechanism for MTNs.Second,to address the time-delay effect,a recursiveτstep-ahead MTN predictive model is designed utilizing recursive technology,aiming to mitigate the impact of time-delay,and the EKF algorithm is employed as its learning mechanism.Then,the MTN predictive control law is designed based on the quadratic performance index.By implementing the proposed composite controller to unmanned systems,simultaneous feedforward compensation and feedback suppression to the multi-source disturbances are conducted.Finally,the convergence of the MTN and the stability of the closed-loop system are established utilizing the Lyapunov theorem.Two exemplary applications of unmanned systems involving unmanned vehicle and rigid spacecraft are presented to validate the effectiveness of the proposed approach.
基金Supported by Iranian University of Medical Sciences(code:IR.IUMS.REC.1401.371).
文摘AIM:To identify topographic determinants of the anterior chamber angle(ACA)in patients with keratoconus(KCN).METHODS:Four hundred and ten eyes of 294 patients with KCN were recruited for this study.First,complete ocular examinations were performed for all patients,including visual acuity measurement,refraction,and slit-lamp biomicroscopy.Then,all participants underwent corneal imaging by the Oculus Pentacam HR.RESULTS:The mean age of the participants was 32.40±8.52y(15-60y)and 69.5%of them were male.The mean ACA was 38.47°±5.75°(range:14.40°to 56.50°)in the whole sample,38.24°±6.00°in males,and 38.98°±5.11°in females(P=0.447).The mean ACA was significantly different among different groups of cone morphology,as patients with nipple cones showed the lowest mean ACA.Moreover,there were statistically significant differences in the mean ACA among different groups of cone locations,with patients having central cones exhibiting the lowest mean ACA(P<0.001).Anterior and posterior Q values were significantly,directly correlated with ACA(anterior Q:r=0.122,P=0.014,posterior Q:r=0.192,P<0.001).CONCLUSION:This study provides critical insights into the risk factors for ACA narrowing in KCN patients,which is essential for planning intraocular surgeries.Patients with nipple and central cones exhibited the most significant ACA narrowing.Additionally,more negative Q-values are associated with increased ACA narrowing,highlighting the need for targeted diagnostic and therapeutic strategies.
文摘To improve the vertical axis wind turbine(VAWT)design,the angle of attack(AOA)and airfoil data must be treated correctly.The present paper develops a method for determining AOA on a VAWT based on computational fluid dynamics(CFD)analysis.First,a CFD analysis of a two-bladed VAWT equipped with a NACA 0012 airfoil is conducted.The thrust and power coefficients are validated through experiments.Second,the blade force and velocity data at monitoring points are collected.The AOA at different azimuth angles is determined by removing the blade self-induction at the monitoring point.Then,the lift and drag coefficients as a function of AOA are extracted.Results show that this method is independent of the monitoring points selection located at certain distance to the blades and the extracted dynamic stall hysteresis is more precise than the one with the“usual”method without considering the self-induction from bound vortices.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.12172315,12072304,11702232)the Fujian Provincial Natural Science Foundation,China(No.2021J01050)the Aeronautical Science Foundation of China(No.20220013068002).
文摘Unsteady aerodynamic characteristics at high angles of attack are of great importance to the design and development of advanced fighter aircraft, which are characterized by post-stall maneuverability with multiple Degrees-of-Freedom(multi-DOF) and complex flow field structure.In this paper, a special kind of cable-driven parallel mechanism is firstly utilized as a new suspension method to conduct unsteady dynamic wind tunnel tests at high angles of attack, thereby providing experimental aerodynamic data. These tests include a wide range of multi-DOF coupled oscillatory motions with various amplitudes and frequencies. Then, for aerodynamic modeling and analysis, a novel data-driven Feature-Level Attention Recurrent neural network(FLAR) is proposed. This model incorporates a specially designed feature-level attention module that focuses on the state variables affecting the aerodynamic coefficients, thereby enhancing the physical interpretability of the aerodynamic model. Subsequently, spin maneuver simulations, using a mathematical model as the baseline, are conducted to validate the effectiveness of the FLAR. Finally, the results on wind tunnel data reveal that the FLAR accurately predicts aerodynamic coefficients, and observations through the visualization of attention scores identify the key state variables that affect the aerodynamic coefficients. It is concluded that the proposed FLAR enhances the interpretability of the aerodynamic model while achieving good prediction accuracy and generalization capability for multi-DOF coupling motion at high angles of attack.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.42077244).
文摘To examine the effect of bedding angle upon burst proneness in terms of energy,phyllites with seven various bedding angles are selected for conventional uniaxial compression and single-cyclic loading eunloading uniaxial compression tests.The ejection and failure during compression process of phyllites are monitored in real-time by high-speed camera system.The results demonstrate that the phyllites with different bedding angles all consistently follow the linear energy storage and dissipation(LESD)law during compression.The ultimate energy storage of phyllites with varying bedding angles can be calculated precisely via using the LESD law.Based on this,four kinds of energy-based rockburst indices are applied to quantitatively assess the burst proneness for phyllites.Combined with the recorded images of high-speed camera system,ejection distance,and mass of rock fragments and powder,the burst proneness for phyllites with various bedding angles is qualitatively evaluated adopting the far-field ejection mass ratio.Next,burst proneness of anisotropic phyllites is assessed quantitatively and qualitatively.It is found that phyllites with bedding angles of 0°,15°,and 90°have a high burst proneness,and that with bedding angle of 30°has a medium burst proneness,whereas the ones with bedding angles of 45°,60°,and 75°have a low burst proneness.Finally,the published experimental data of shale and sandstone specimens with different bedding angles are extracted,and it is preliminarily verified that the bedding angle does not change the LESD law of rocks.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.5217-4205)Shaanxi Provincial Outstanding Youth Science Fund Project(No.2023-JC-JQ-40)+4 种基金National Key Research and Development Project(No.2023YFC3009004)Key Project of Shaanxi Provincial Department of Education(No.22JY040)Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region Key Research and Development Task Special Project(No.2022B01034-3)Key Laboratory of Green Coal Mining in Xinjiang,Ministry of Education(No.KLXGY-KA2404)Shaanxi Provincial Key Research and Development Task General Project(No.2024GX–YBXM-490)。
文摘In this study,to better decide the effect of coal seam dip angle upon the dynamic change of the crossfusion in gas transport and storage areas during the progress of working face in the high gas thick coal seam,a two-dimensional physical simulation experiment regarded as the theoretical research was conducted to properly explore the variation law of overburden fracture.The results demonstrated that the boundary of the gas transport zone was located in the region of fracture separation.The boundary of the gas storage area was located in the abrupt penetration zone.Also,according to the information theory,the state of the gas transport and storage areas was determined by the changing trend of the fracture rate and fracture entropy.The mathematical representation model of the dip effect in gas transport and storage areas was established.The criteria upon which the regional location of the gas transport area and gas storage area can be based were put forward.The cross-fusion evolution process of the dip effect in gas transport and storage areas was revealed as well.The research results could provide guidance for realising directional and accurate gas extraction.
文摘AIM:To investigate how angles kappa and alpha affect postoperative visual quality in patients with multifocal intraocular lens(mIOLs)implantation.METHODS:Retrospective cases series.A total of 46 patients(46 eyes)who underwent phacoemulsification were subsumed.The correlation between Preoperative angles kappa and alpha,wave-front aberrations and objective visual quality of cornea,internal,and total eye after surgery were analyzed using iTrace.RESULTS:The magnitude of angle kappa was negatively correlated with internal and total modulation transfer function(MTF)at 3 mm;the magnitude of angle kappa was positively correlated with astigmatism,trefoil,higher-order aberrations(HOAs)of both internal and total eye at 3 mm.The magnitude of angle alpha was negatively correlated with total MTF and total Strehl ratio at 3 mm.The magnitude of angle alpha was positively correlated with corneal coma at 5 mm,internal astigmatism at both 3 mm and 5 mm,and total spherical aberration(SA)at 3 mm.Multivariate linear regression analysis showed that,among candidate independent variables(kappa,alpha,astigmatism,SA,coma,trefoil,and HOAs),astigmatism is the only independent factor for altering corneal MTF at 3 mm and 5 mm;astigmatism and HOAs emerged as independent factors for altering internal MTF at 3 mm and 5 mm,and total MTF at 3 mm;astigmatism,SA and HOAs emerged as independent factors for altering total MTF at 5 mm.CONCLUSION:With greater preoperative angle kappa or angle alpha,patients who accept mIOL implantation tend to have larger internal astigmatism and HOAs,which resulting in poor visual quality,especially those with small pupil size.
文摘The ancient tacit knowledge behind the logic system permeated the culture and promoted numerous impactful inventions throughout the history. Traditional Chinese medicine with its effectiveness should also have stemmed out from such logic system. This article aims to rearticulate the underlying lucid multi-dimensional logic system, which faded in obscurity only because of time-out loss of the mid-right concept. Retracing this past tacit but important concept could uncover a multi-dimensional system over a point relating to all matters while capturing the central core of the matter. The seemingly unmanageable multidimensional logic was strengthened by verification processes which affirmed its further extensions, and made up the language of the people, the concepts of yin-yang(阴阳), and the development of extensions of Ba Gua(八卦) derivatives, which furthered the interpretation of the space-time properties and Chinese medicine.
基金Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.81902751).
文摘AIM:To explore the effect of Alpha angle and Kappa angle before multifocal intraocular lenses(MIOLs)implantation on postoperative visual quality of patients.METHODS:Before and 3mo after cataract surgery,Alpha angle and Kappa angle were collected using IOL Master 700,iTrace,and Pentacam for clinical observation.Postoperative visual quality indicators,including high-order aberrations(HOA),modulation transfer function(MTF)and point spread function(PSF),were collected using iTrace.multiple linear regression analysis was used to analyze the correlation of the Kappa angle and the Alpha angle with age,axial length(AL),anterior chamber depth(ACD),keratometry(K),lens thickness(LT)and corneal white to white distance(WTW).Pearson correlation coefficient was used to analyze the correlation between Alpha angle and Kappa angle;Bland Altman analysis was used to evaluate the consistency of pairwise detection results of three instruments.RESULTS:The Alpha angle was modeled as Alpha=2.230+0.003×age-0.036×AL-0.025×K-0.058×WTW and the Kappa angle was modeled as Kappa=0.685+0.003×age-0.013×K-0.061×WTW.The correlation between the total Alpha angle and Kappa angle of the three instruments was weakly positive(r=0.291,P=0.000).Comparing the measurement of Alpha angle and Kappa angle using three instruments,only IOL Master 700 and iTrace showed good consistency in measuring Kappa angle(P=0.4254).After 3mo of surgery,the Alpha angle and Kappa angle significantly decreased(P=0.011,0.018;P=0.008,0.036).△Kappa=1.136-0.021×AL-0.013×K.Kappa angle could positively predict HOA(β=0.18,P=0.000),MTF(β=0.171,P=0.000),PSF(β=0.088,P=0.000),Alpha angle cannot(P>0.05).CONCLUSION:The patients with older age,flatter K and shorter WTW should be alert to the possibility of larger Alpha angle and Kappa angle.Alpha angle should also consider the factor of AL.When selecting patients with MIOLs implantation,there is no need to consider the Alpha angle.Careful consideration should be given to the Kappa angle,and the preoperative standard of<0.5 mm can refer to△Kappa=1.136-0.021×AL-0.013×K and be appropriately relaxed.
基金the financial support from the Guangxi Natural Science Foundation(grant no.2021GXNSFDA075012,2023GXNSFGA026002)National Natural Science Foundation of China(52104298,22075073,52362027,52462029)Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(531107051077).
文摘Stress accumulation is a key factor leading to sodium storage performance deterioration for NiSe_(2)-based anodes.Therefore,inhibiting the concentrated local stress during the sodiataion/desodiation process is crucial for acquiring stable NiSe2-based materials for sodium-ion batteries(SIBs),Herein,a stress dissipation strategy driven by architecture engineering is proposed,which can achieve ultrafast and ultralong sodium storage properties.Different from the conventional sphere-like or rod-like architecture,the three-dimensional(3D)flower-like NiSe_(2)@C composite is delicately designed and assembled with onedimensional nanorods and carbon framework.More importantly,the fundamental mechanism of improved structure stability is unveiled by simulations and experimental results simultaneously.It demonstrates that this designed multidimensional flower-like architecture with dispersed nanorods can balance the structural mismatch,avoid concentrated local strain,and relax the internal stress,mainly induced by the unavoidable volume variation during the repeated conversion processes.Moreover,it can provide more Na^(+)-storage sites and multi-directional migration pathways,leading to a fast Na^(+)-migration channel with boosted reaction kinetic.As expected,it delivers superior rate performance(441 mA h g^(-1)at 5.0 A g^(-1))and long cycling stability(563 mA h g^(-1)at 1.0 A g^(-1)over 1000 cycles)for SIBs.This work provides useful insights for designing high-performance conversion-based anode materials for SIBs.
文摘This paper explores whole-process engineering consulting,including its application models in public buildings and elderly-friendly projects,such as service integration and whole lifecycle management.It also addresses the construction of multi-dimensional collaborative theoretical models,public space streamline organization,and other aspects,emphasizing the importance of multi-dimensional collaboration.Additionally,it highlights the role of talent cultivation and digital transformation in enhancing project efficiency.
基金Supported by Capital’s Funds for Health Improvement and Research(No.2024-2-4087)Central Guidance for Local Scientific and Technological Development Funding Projects(No.2022ZY0026).
文摘Dear Editor,X-linked retinoschisis(XLRS)is a rare X-linked recessive disorder predominantly afflicting young males.The schisis of the retinal layers is a result of deleterious mutations in the RS1 gene.Insufficient epidemiological data has caused significant variation in reported global prevalence,with estimates fluctuating between 1 in 5000 and 1 in 30000 individuals[1].A large follow-up multicenter study recently published has yielded noteworthy findings concerning the phenotypic spectrum,long-term natural history,and genotype of XLRS.The investigation revealed a significant variability in visual function and disease progression,with particular variants of the RS1 gene displaying diverse phenotypic expressions,suggesting the intricate genetic basis underlying this disorder[2].The range of visual impairments associated with XLRS is extensive,varying from minor to severe.This condition is also characterized by specific retinal abnormalities,including radial streaks emanating from a divided central fovea,schisis affecting the inner layers of the retina in peripheral areas,and a diminished amplitude ratio of b-to a-wave,or even an electronegative electroretinography(ERG)[3].At their initial consultation,the majority of individuals with XLRS exhibit visual acuity(VA)levels between 20/60 and 20/120.However,there is a significant diversity in the condition’s presentation and progression,even among relatives,with VA levels spanning from near-normal to complete loss of sight[4-5].While vision tends to be reasonably consistent over several years for those with XLRS,there is documentation of a more rapid decline in later adulthood,specifically during the fourth and fifth decades,due to central retinal degeneration[5-7].Moreover,those with XLRS face an elevated risk for serious visual issues,such as retinal detachment,vitreous hemorrhages,and neovascular glaucoma[4].Female carriers could be found with slightly abnormal retinal changes without clinical symptoms[5].Even within the same family,the manifestation and progression of the condition can vary greatly,with individuals experiencing anything from nearly normal vision to complete loss of sight[8-9].Earlier investigations have revealed that retinoschisisrelated cystoid degeneration can impact multiple layers of the retina,beginning at the retinal nerve fiber zone and continuing to the nuclear stratum,with considerable fluctuation in the severity of the schisis[10-13].
文摘The multi-dimensional interactive teaching model significantly enhances the effectiveness of college English instruction by emphasizing dynamic engagement between teachers and students,as well as among students themselves.This paper explores practical strategies for implementing this model,focusing on four key aspects:deepening teachers’understanding of the model through continuous learning,innovating interactive methods such as questioning techniques and practical activities,leveraging modern technology to integrate resources and track learning progress,and establishing a communication platform that centers on student participation.By adopting these approaches,the model fosters a student-centered classroom environment,improves comprehensive English application skills,and optimizes overall teaching quality.
基金Sponsored by the Quality Engineering Project of Education Department of Anhui Province(2022jyxm671)Research Team Project of Anhui Xinhua University(kytd202202)+1 种基金Key Project of Scientific Research(Natural Science)of Higher Education Institutions in Anhui Province(2022AH051861)Teaching Reform Research and Practice Quality Engineering Project of Anhui Xinhua University(2024jy035).
文摘During the critical transformation period of landscape architecture major after the adjustment of disciplinary structure and the changes in market demand,private colleges and universities,as important places for cultivating local talents,have pain points such as uneven quality of teachers and students and weak innovation and practice.The practice system with“multi-dimensional Integration”integrates four dimensions:interdisciplinary integration,spatial and temporal intersection,historical inheritance,and behavioral activity,deepens the disciplinary connotation,and integrates the three elements of nature,humanity,and technology,aiming to provide a new path for private colleges and universities to cultivate application-oriented and compound talents with innovative capabilities.In terms of optimizing talent cultivation and adapting to industry changes,this system provides thinking and reference for landscape architecture major,helping the major reshape its core competitiveness and promoting educational innovation and industry development.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(72101025,72271049),the Interdisciplinary Research Project for Young Teachers of USTB(Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities,FRF-IDRY-24-024)the Hebei Natural Science Foundation(F2023501011)+1 种基金the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(FRF-TP-20-073A1)the R&D Program of Beijing Municipal Education Commission(KM202411232015).
文摘This paper proposes a reliability evaluation model for a multi-dimensional network system,which has potential to be applied to the internet of things or other practical networks.A multi-dimensional network system with one source element and multiple sink elements is considered first.Each element can con-nect with other elements within a stochastic connection ranges.The system is regarded as successful as long as the source ele-ment remains connected with all sink elements.An importance measure is proposed to evaluate the performance of non-source elements.Furthermore,to calculate the system reliability and the element importance measure,a multi-valued decision diagram based approach is structured and its complexity is analyzed.Finally,a numerical example about the signal transfer station system is illustrated to analyze the system reliability and the ele-ment importance measure.
基金supported by the National Key R&D Program of China(No.2021YFC2103600)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.21878156,21978131,22275085,and 22278224)+2 种基金the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province(Nos.BK20200089 and BK20200691)the Project of Priority Academic Program Development of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions(PAPD)the State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering(No.KL21-08).
文摘Constructing multi-dimensional hydrogen bond(H-bond)regulated single-molecule systems with multiemission remains a challenge.Herein,we report the design of a new excited-state intramolecular proton transfer(ESIPT)featured chromophore(HBT-DPI)that shows flexible emission tunability via the multidimensional regulation of intra-and intermolecular H-bonds.The feature of switchable intramolecular Hbonds is induced via incorporating several hydrogen bond acceptors and donors into one single HBT-DPI molecule,allowing the“turn on/off”of ESIPT process by forming isomers with distinct intramolecular Hbonds configurations.In response to different external H-bonding environments,the obtained four types of crystal/cocrystals vary in the contents of isomers and the molecular packing modes,which are mainly guided by the intermolecular H-bonds,exhibiting non-emissive features or emissions ranging from green to orange.Utilizing the feature of intermolecular H-bond guided molecular packing,we demonstrate the utility of this fluorescent material for visualizing hydrophobic/hydrophilic areas on large-scale heterogeneous surfaces of modified poly(1,1-difluoroethylene)(PVDF)membranes and quantitatively estimating the surface hydrophobicity,providing a new approach for hydrophobicity/hydrophilicity monitoring and measurement.Overall,this study represents a new design strategy for constructing multi-dimensional hydrogen bond regulated ESIPT-based fluorescent materials that enable multiple emissions and unique applications.
文摘Accurate target angle estimation is one of the chal-lenges for wideband radars due to the fact that target occupies multiple range bins,resulting in lower energy or signal to noise ratio in a single range bin.This paper proposes a processing technique for enhanced accuracy of target angle estimates for wideband monopulse radars.Firstly,to accumulate the energy of the received echo signals from different scatterers on a target,the phase difference between different scatterers on a target is estimated using the minimum entropy phase estimation method combining with the correlation between adjacent pulses.Then,the monopulse ratio is obtained by using the signals from the accumulated sum and difference channels.The target angle is estimated by weighting the accumulated echo energy for accu-racy enhancement.Experimental results based on both numeri-cal simulation and measured data are presented to validate the effectiveness of the proposed technique.
基金supported by grants from the Biological Breeding-National Science and Technology Major Project(2024ZD04077)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(31801323)+1 种基金the Innovation Program of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciencesthe Science and Technology Innovation Project of the Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences(CXGC2023F14)。
文摘Endodermal cells and starch-accumulating amyloplasts are well-known gravity sensors initiating shoot gravitropism in Arabidopsis thaliana.The transcription factors SHR and SGR1 regulate endodermal cell formation,while PGM has been demonstrated to regulate starch biosynthesis within chloroplasts,which eventually leads to starch accumulation in amyloplasts.However,the molecular mechanisms of gravity sensing in monocot shoots remain largely unexplored.In this study,we investigated the roles of these genes in rice(Oryza sativa),a model monocot,using CRISPR-Cas9 to generate single,double,and higher-order mutants.The rice genome harbors two orthologs each of SHR and SGR and a single ortholog of PGM.Our results revealed that single mutants of OsPGM,but not OsSHR or OsSGR,showed compromised shoot gravitropism.However,double mutants shr1shr2 and sgr1sgr2 displayed wider tiller angles and reduced gravity sensing,suggesting functional redundancy within each gene pair.Higher-order mutants exhibited progressively severe phenotypes,with quintuple mutants almost unresponsive to gravity stimulation.These findings suggest that these genes act additively through distinct but converging pathways in shoot gravitropism regulation.This study provides novel insights into the molecular mechanisms underlying gravity sensing in monocots and offers valuable knowledge for precision breeding to optimize rice architecture.
