Accurate prediction of drug-target interactions(DTIs)plays a pivotal role in drug discovery,facilitating optimization of lead compounds,drug repurposing and elucidation of drug side effects.However,traditional DTI pre...Accurate prediction of drug-target interactions(DTIs)plays a pivotal role in drug discovery,facilitating optimization of lead compounds,drug repurposing and elucidation of drug side effects.However,traditional DTI prediction methods are often limited by incomplete biological data and insufficient representation of protein features.In this study,we proposed KG-CNNDTI,a novel knowledge graph-enhanced framework for DTI prediction,which integrates heterogeneous biological information to improve model generalizability and predictive performance.The proposed model utilized protein embeddings derived from a biomedical knowledge graph via the Node2Vec algorithm,which were further enriched with contextualized sequence representations obtained from ProteinBERT.For compound representation,multiple molecular fingerprint schemes alongside the Uni-Mol pre-trained model were evaluated.The fused representations served as inputs to both classical machine learning models and a convolutional neural network-based predictor.Experimental evaluations across benchmark datasets demonstrated that KG-CNNDTI achieved superior performance compared to state-of-the-art methods,particularly in terms of Precision,Recall,F1-Score and area under the precision-recall curve(AUPR).Ablation analysis highlighted the substantial contribution of knowledge graph-derived features.Moreover,KG-CNNDTI was employed for virtual screening of natural products against Alzheimer's disease,resulting in 40 candidate compounds.5 were supported by literature evidence,among which 3 were further validated in vitro assays.展开更多
We investigate the dynamics of pedestrian counter flow by using a multi-grid topological pedestrian counter flow model. In the model, each pedestrian occupies multi- rather than only one grid, and interacts with other...We investigate the dynamics of pedestrian counter flow by using a multi-grid topological pedestrian counter flow model. In the model, each pedestrian occupies multi- rather than only one grid, and interacts with others in the form of topological interaction, which means that a moving pedestrian interacts with a fixed number of those nearest neighbours coming from the opposite direction to determine his/her own moving direction. Thus the discretization of space and time are much finer, the decision making process of the pedestrian is more reliable, which all together makes the moving behaviour and boundary conditions much more realistic. When compared with field observations, it can be found that the modified model is able to reproduce well fitted pedestrian collective behaviour such as dynamical variation of lane formation, clustering of pedestrians in the same direction, etc. The fundamental diagram produced by the model fits also well with field data in thc frce flow region. Further analyses indicate that with the increase of the size of pedestrian counter flow system, it becomes harder for the system to transit into a jamming state, while the increase of interaction range does not change the transition point from free flow to jamming flow in the multi-grid topological counter flow model. It is also found that the asymmetry of the injection rate of pedestrians on the boundaries has direct influence on the process of transition from free flow to jamming flow, i.e., a symmetric injection makes it easier for the system to transit into jamming flow.展开更多
This study addresses security and ethical challenges in LLM-based Multi-Agent Systems, as exemplified in a blockchain fraud detection case study. Leveraging blockchain’s secure architecture, the framework involves sp...This study addresses security and ethical challenges in LLM-based Multi-Agent Systems, as exemplified in a blockchain fraud detection case study. Leveraging blockchain’s secure architecture, the framework involves specialized LLM Agents—ContractMining, Investigative, Ethics, and PerformanceMonitor, coordinated by a ManagerAgent. Baseline LLM models achieved 30% accuracy with a threshold method and 94% accuracy with a random-forest method. The Claude 3.5-powered LLM system reached an accuracy of 92%. Ethical evaluations revealed biases, highlighting the need for fairness-focused refinements. Our approach aims to develop trustworthy and reliable networks of agents capable of functioning even in adversarial environments. To our knowledge, no existing systems employ ethical LLM agents specifically designed to detect fraud, making this a novel contribution. Future work will focus on refining ethical frameworks, scaling the system, and benchmarking it against traditional methods to establish a robust, adaptable, and ethically grounded solution for blockchain fraud detection.展开更多
To dissect the genetic mechanism of multi-seed pod in peanut, we explored the QTL/gene controlling multi-seed pod and analyzed the interaction effect of QTL and environment. Two hundred and forty eight recombinant inb...To dissect the genetic mechanism of multi-seed pod in peanut, we explored the QTL/gene controlling multi-seed pod and analyzed the interaction effect of QTL and environment. Two hundred and forty eight recombinant inbred lines(RIL) from cross Silihong × Jinonghei 3 were used as experimental materials planted in 8 environments from 2012 to 2017. Three methods of analysis were performed. These included individual environment analysis, joint analysis in multiple environments, and epistatic interaction analysis for multi-seed pod QTL. Phenotypic data and best linear unbiased prediction(BLUP) value of the ratio of multi-seed pods per plant(RMSP) were used for QTL mapping. Seven QTL detected by the individual environmental mapping analysis and were distributed on linkage groups 1, 6, 9, 14, 19(2), and 21. Each QTL explained 4.42%–11.51% of the phenotypic variation in multi-seed pod, and synergistic alleles of5 QTL were from the Silihong parent. One QTL, explaining 4.93% of the phenotypic variation was detected using BLUP data, and this QTL mapped in the same interval as q RMSP19.1 detected in the individual environment analysis. Seventeen additive QTL were identified by joint analysis across multiple environments. A total of 43 epistatic QTL were detected by ICIM-EPI mapping in the multiple environment trials(MET) module, and involved 57 loci. Two main-effect QTL related to multi-seed pod in peanut were filtered. We also found that RMSP had a highly significant positive correlation with pod yield per plant(PY), and epistatic effects were much more important than additive effects. These results provide theoretical guidance for the genetic improvement of germplasm resources and further fine mapping of related genes in peanut.展开更多
Dear Editor,This letter proposes a novel Nash bargaining solution-based multiobjective model predictive control(MPC)scheme to deal with the interaction force control and the path-following problem of the constrained i...Dear Editor,This letter proposes a novel Nash bargaining solution-based multiobjective model predictive control(MPC)scheme to deal with the interaction force control and the path-following problem of the constrained interactive robot.Considering the elastic interaction force model,a mechanical trade-off always exists between the interaction force and position,which means that neither force nor path following can satisfy their desired demands completely.Based on this consideration,two irreconcilable control specifications,the force object function and the position track object function,are proposed,and a new multi-objective MPC scheme is then designed.展开更多
With the increasing of the elderly population and the growing hearth care cost, the role of service robots in aiding the disabled and the elderly is becoming important. Many researchers in the world have paid much att...With the increasing of the elderly population and the growing hearth care cost, the role of service robots in aiding the disabled and the elderly is becoming important. Many researchers in the world have paid much attention to heaRthcare robots and rehabilitation robots. To get natural and harmonious communication between the user and a service robot, the information perception/feedback ability, and interaction ability for service robots become more important in many key issues.展开更多
In multi-infeed HVDC system, the interactions and influences between DC systems AC systems are complex as the electrical distances among DC converter stations which are relatively short. Multi-infeed interaction facto...In multi-infeed HVDC system, the interactions and influences between DC systems AC systems are complex as the electrical distances among DC converter stations which are relatively short. Multi-infeed interaction factor (MIIF) can effectively reflect the interaction among DC systems. The paper theoretically analyzes the impact factors of MIIF like the electrical distances between two DC converter stations and the equivalent impedance of the receiving end AC system. By applying the Kirchhoff’s current law on the inverter AC bus, the paper deduces the analytical expressions for MIIF. From the expression, it is clear how the equivalent impedance of AC system and coupling impedance can affect MIIF. PSCAD simulations validate the effectiveness and the correctness of the proposed expression and some useful conclusions are drawn.展开更多
Modulated high frequency （HF） heating of the ionosphere provides a feasible means of artificially generating ex- tremely low frequency （ELF）/very low frequency （VLF） whistler waves, which can leak into the inner...Modulated high frequency （HF） heating of the ionosphere provides a feasible means of artificially generating ex- tremely low frequency （ELF）/very low frequency （VLF） whistler waves, which can leak into the inner magnetosphere and contribute to resonant interactions with high energy electrons. Combining the ray tracing method and test particle simulations, we evaluate the effects of energetic electron resonant scattering driven by the discrete, multi-frequency arti- ficially generated ELF/VLF waves. The simulation results indicate a stochastic behavior of electrons and a linear profile of pitch angle and kinetic energy variations averaged over all test electrons. These features are similar to those associated with single-frequency waves. The computed local diffusion coefficients show that, although the momentum diffusion of relativistic electrons due to artificial ELF/VLF whistlers with a nominal amplitude of ~ 1 pT is minor, the pitch angle scattering can be notably efficient at low pitch angles near the loss cone, which supports the feasibility of artificial triggering of multi-frequency ELF/VLF whistler waves for the removal of high energy electrons from the magnetosphere. We also investigate the dependences of diffusion coefficients on the frequency interval （△f） of the discrete, multi-frequency waves. We find that there is a threshold value of Af for which the net diffusion coefficient of multi-frequency whistlers is inversely proportional to △f （proportional to the frequency components Nw） when △f is below the threshold value but it remains unchanged with increasing Af when △f is larger than the threshold value. This is explained as being due to the fact that the resonant scattering effect of broadband waves is the sum of the effects of each frequency in the ＇effective frequency band＇. Our results suggest that the modulation frequency of HF heating of the ionosphere can be appropriately selected with reasonable frequency intervals so that better performance of controlled precipitation of high energy electrons in the plasmasphere by artificial ELF/VLF whistler waves can be achieved.展开更多
Multi-organ-on-a-chip(MOOC)technology represents a pivotal direction in the organ-on-a-chip field,seeking to emulate the complex interactions of multiple human organs in vitro through microfluidic systems.This technol...Multi-organ-on-a-chip(MOOC)technology represents a pivotal direction in the organ-on-a-chip field,seeking to emulate the complex interactions of multiple human organs in vitro through microfluidic systems.This technology overcomes the limitations of traditional single-organ models,providing a novel platform for investigating complex disease mechanisms and evaluating drug efficacy and toxicity.Although it demonstrates broad application prospects,its development still faces critical bottlenecks,including inadequate physiological coupling between organs,short functional maintenance durations,and limited real-time monitoring capabilities.Contemporary research is advancing along three key directions,including functional coupling,sensor integration,and full-process automation systems,to propel the technology toward enhanced levels of physiological relevance and predictive accuracy.展开更多
In this article,we discuss a method to control the long-range interactions between bosons in a threedimensional Bose-Fermi mixture with the help of optical lattices on fermions.We find the range and the peaked momentu...In this article,we discuss a method to control the long-range interactions between bosons in a threedimensional Bose-Fermi mixture with the help of optical lattices on fermions.We find the range and the peaked momentum of the fermion-mediated interactions can be tuned by the optical lattice depth and the fermion density.If the fermion density is close to half-filling,roton excitations can be generated with weak Bose-Fermi interactions.Further,if the fermions are not exact at half-filling,multi-roton structure may emerge,implying competing density orders.Therefore,tuning the lattice depth and the fermion density in a Bose-Fermi mixture serves as an effective way to control the interaction range and resonant momentum between bosons.展开更多
The potential energy curves for neutrals and multiply charged ions of carbon monosulfide are computed with highly correlated multi-reference configuration interaction wavefunctions.The correlations of inner-shell elec...The potential energy curves for neutrals and multiply charged ions of carbon monosulfide are computed with highly correlated multi-reference configuration interaction wavefunctions.The correlations of inner-shell electrons with the scalar relativistic effects are included in the present computations.The spectroscopic constants,dissociation energies,ionization energies for ground and low-lying excited states together with corresponding electronic configurations of ions are obtained,and a good agreement between the present work and existing experiments is found.No theoretical evidence is found for the adiabatically stable CSq＋（q〉2） ions according to the present ab initio calculations.The calculated values for 1st-6th ionization energies are 11.25,32.66,64.82,106.25,159.75,and 224.64 eV,respectively.The kinetic energy release data of fragments are provided by the present work for further experimental comparisons.展开更多
<strong>Background:</strong> The implementation of resilience engineering for an operating room is difficult;however, its study would become important for the surgeon’s personal and surgical team in order...<strong>Background:</strong> The implementation of resilience engineering for an operating room is difficult;however, its study would become important for the surgeon’s personal and surgical team in order to develop a new surgical safety management. An expert operator must perform an operation with his surgical team that includes an anesthetist, scrub nurse, and young assistant. However, there exist some gaps among these multi-professionals. <strong>Objective:</strong> From the viewpoint of an expert operator, to have an operation go well, we would describe how to reconcile their gaps. We will explain the gaps among the multi-professionals in a surgical team, such as hidden interactions between the operator and anesthetist, surgeon and scrub nurse, and expert operator and young assistant. <strong>Material and Methods:</strong> We assumed three types of interactions among the multi-professionals in the operating theater and we clarified how to bridge the gaps by revealing what the operator thinks, what the anesthetist thinks, what the scrub nurse thinks, and what the young assistant thinks in the surgical team, and by understanding how they perform during surgery. <strong>Outcomes:</strong> What the expert operator thinks and how he performs in surgery is summarized by the following three items: 1) safety is first, 2) achieving the operative purpose, and 3) fast surgery. We interviewed the surgical team members. In order for the surgery to go well, what the important thing is “safety first” for any surgical professionals. The sentence, “safety is first” is the magic words, such as “open sesame”. They can communicate with each other on the spot and build the team and system. To develop a strong and resilient surgical team, these four behaviors are important to improve the performance as a system: 1) sharing the same goal and same priority, 2) understanding gaps with clear verbal communication. Coming out from own professional boundaries (takotsubo), speaking in words, 3) all of us, having a strong will (iron heart), and learning anger management, and 4) improvising even in difficult situations. <strong>Conclusion:</strong> We would like to summarize the items learned from my three described scenes, which are 1) to develop a strong and resilient surgical team, 2) what we have to do, and how we have to perform, and 3) how we can develop a team and system.展开更多
The Hartree-Fock equation is non-linear and has, in principle, multiple solutions. The ωth HF extreme and its associated virtual spin-orbitals furnish an orthogonal base Bω of the full configuration interaction spac...The Hartree-Fock equation is non-linear and has, in principle, multiple solutions. The ωth HF extreme and its associated virtual spin-orbitals furnish an orthogonal base Bω of the full configuration interaction space. Although all Bω bases generate the same CI space, the corresponding configurations of each Bω base have distinct quantum-mechanical information contents. In previous works, we have introduced a multi-reference configuration interaction method, based on the multiple extremes of the Hartree-Fock problem. This method was applied to calculate the permanent electrical dipole and quadrupole moments of some small molecules using minimal and double, triple and polarized double-zeta bases. In all cases were possible, using a reduced number of configurations, to obtain dipole and quadrupole moments in close agreement with the experimental values and energies without compromising the energy of the state function. These results show the positive effect of the use of the multi-reference Hartree-Fock bases that allowed a better extraction of quantum mechanical information from the several Bω bases. But to extend these ideas for larger systems and atomic bases, it is necessary to develop criteria to build the multireference Hartree-Fock bases. In this project, we are beginning a study of the non-uniform distribution of quantum-mechanical information content of the Bω bases, searching identify the factors that allowed obtain the good results cited展开更多
A feasible method was proposed to improve the vibration intensity of screen surface via application of a new type elastic screen surface with multi degree of freedom(NTESSMDF). In the NTESSMDF, the primary robs were c...A feasible method was proposed to improve the vibration intensity of screen surface via application of a new type elastic screen surface with multi degree of freedom(NTESSMDF). In the NTESSMDF, the primary robs were coupled to the main screen structure with ends embedded into the elastomers, and the secondary robs were attached to adjacent two primary robs with elastic bands. The dynamic model of vibrating screen with NTESSMDF was established based on Lagrange's equation and the equivalent stiffnesses of the elastomer and elastic band were calculated. According to numerical simulation using the 4th order Runge-Kutta method, the vibration intensity of screen surface can be enhanced substantially with an averaged acceleration amplitude increasing ratio of 72.36%. The primary robs and secondary robs vibrate inversely in steady state, which would result in the friability of materials and avoid stoppage. The experimental results validate the dynamic characteristics with acceleration amplitude rising by62.93% on average, which demonstrates the feasibility of NTESSMDF.展开更多
The hydrodynamics of side-by-side barges are much more complex than those of a single barge in waves because of wave shielding, viscous effects and water resonance in the gap. In the present study, hydrodynamic coeffi...The hydrodynamics of side-by-side barges are much more complex than those of a single barge in waves because of wave shielding, viscous effects and water resonance in the gap. In the present study, hydrodynamic coefficients in the frequency domain were calculated for both the system of multiple bodies and the isolated body using both low-order and higher-order boundary-element methods with different element numbers. In these calculations, the damping-lid method was used to modify the free-surface boundary conditions in the gap and to make the hydrodynamic results more reasonable. Then far-field, mid-field and near-field methods were used to calculate wave-drift forces for both the multi-body system and the isolated body. The results show that the higher-order method has faster convergence speed than the low-order method for the multi-body case. Comparison of different methods of computing drift force showed that mid-field and far-field methods have better convergence than the near-field method. In addition, corresponding model tests were performed in the Deepwater Offshore Basin at Shanghai Jiao Tong University. Comparison between numerical and experimental results showed good agreement.展开更多
Identification of high-yielding stable promising rice lines and determination of suitable areas for rice lines would be done by additive main effects and multiplicative interaction(AMMI) model. Seven promising rice ge...Identification of high-yielding stable promising rice lines and determination of suitable areas for rice lines would be done by additive main effects and multiplicative interaction(AMMI) model. Seven promising rice genotypes plus two check varieties Shiroudi and 843 were analyzed using a randomized complete block design with three replications in three consecutive years(2012, 2013 and 2014). Homogenous error variance was indicated in the nine environments for grain yield. The combined analysis of variance indicated significant effects of environment, genotype and genotype × environment(GE) interactions on grain yield. The significant effect of GE interaction reflected on the differential response of genotypes in various environments and demonstrated that GE interaction had remarkable effect on genotypic performance in different environments. The application of AMMI model for partitioning the GE interaction effects showed that only the first two terms of AMMI were significant based on Gollob's Ftest. The lowest AMMI-1 was observed for G7, G2 and G6. G7 and G6 had higher grain yield. According to the first eigenvalue, which benefits only the first interaction principal component scores, G1, G6, G2 and G9 were the most stable genotypes. The values of the sum of first two interaction principal component scores could be useful in identifying genotype stability, and G6, G5 and G2 were the most dynamic stable genotypes. AMMI stability value introduced G6 as the most stable one. According to AMMI biplot view, G6 was high yielding and highly stable genotype. In conclusion, this study revealed that GE interactions were an important source of rice yield variation, and its AMMI biplots were forceful for visualizing the response of genotypes to environments.展开更多
The pylon structure of an airplane is very complex, and its high-fidelity analysis is quite time-consuming. If posterior preference optimization algorithm is used to solve this problem, the huge time consumption will ...The pylon structure of an airplane is very complex, and its high-fidelity analysis is quite time-consuming. If posterior preference optimization algorithm is used to solve this problem, the huge time consumption will be unacceptable in engineering practice due to the large amount of evaluation needed for the algorithm. So, a new interactive optimization algorithm-interactive multi-objective particle swarm optimization （IMOPSO） is presented. IMOPSO is efficient, simple and operable. The decision-maker can expediently determine the accurate preference in IMOPSO. IMOPSO is used to perform the pylon structure optimization design of an airplane, and a satisfactory design is achieved after only 12 generations of IMOPSO evolutions. Compared with original design, the maximum displacement of the satisfactory design is reduced, and the mass of the satisfactory design is decreased for 22%.展开更多
A rotor CFD solver is developed for simulating the aerodynamic interaction phenomenon among rotor, wing and fuselage of a tilt rotor aircraft in its helicopter mode. The unsteady Navier-Stokes equations are discretize...A rotor CFD solver is developed for simulating the aerodynamic interaction phenomenon among rotor, wing and fuselage of a tilt rotor aircraft in its helicopter mode. The unsteady Navier-Stokes equations are discretized in inertial frame and embedded grid system is adopted for describing the relative motion among blades and nacelle/wing/fuselage. A combination of multi-layer embedded grid and 'extended hole fringe' technique is complemented in original grid system to tackle grid assembly difficulties arising from the narrow space among different aerodynamic components, and to improve the interpolation precision by decreasing the cell volume discrepancy among different grid blocks. An overall donor cell searching and automatic hole cutting technique is used for grid assembly, and the solution processes are speeded up by introduction of OpenMP parallel method. Based on this solver, flow fields and aerodynamics of a tilt rotor aircraft in hover are simulated with several rotor collective angles, and the corresponding states of an isolated rotor and rotor/wing/fuselage model are also computed to obtain reference solution. Aerodynamic interference influences among the rotor and wing/fuselage/nacelle are analyzed, and some meaningful conclusions are drawn. (C) 2016 Chinese Society of Aeronautics and Astronautics. Production and hosting by Elsevier Ltd.展开更多
This paper presents a data fusion algorithm for dynamic system with multi-sensor and uncertain system models. The algorithm is mainly based on Kalman filter and interacting multiple model(IMM). It processes crosscorre...This paper presents a data fusion algorithm for dynamic system with multi-sensor and uncertain system models. The algorithm is mainly based on Kalman filter and interacting multiple model(IMM). It processes crosscorrelated sensor noises by using augmented fusion before model interacting. And eigenvalue decomposition is utilized to reduce calculation complexity and implement parallel computing. In simulation part, the feasibility of the algorithm was tested and verified, and the relationship between sensor number and the estimation precision was studied. Results show that simply increasing the number of sensor cannot always improve the performance of the estimation. Type and number of sensors should be optimized in practical applications.展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.82173746 and U23A20530)Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Optogenetic Techniques for Cell Metabolism(Shanghai Municipal Education Commission)。
文摘Accurate prediction of drug-target interactions(DTIs)plays a pivotal role in drug discovery,facilitating optimization of lead compounds,drug repurposing and elucidation of drug side effects.However,traditional DTI prediction methods are often limited by incomplete biological data and insufficient representation of protein features.In this study,we proposed KG-CNNDTI,a novel knowledge graph-enhanced framework for DTI prediction,which integrates heterogeneous biological information to improve model generalizability and predictive performance.The proposed model utilized protein embeddings derived from a biomedical knowledge graph via the Node2Vec algorithm,which were further enriched with contextualized sequence representations obtained from ProteinBERT.For compound representation,multiple molecular fingerprint schemes alongside the Uni-Mol pre-trained model were evaluated.The fused representations served as inputs to both classical machine learning models and a convolutional neural network-based predictor.Experimental evaluations across benchmark datasets demonstrated that KG-CNNDTI achieved superior performance compared to state-of-the-art methods,particularly in terms of Precision,Recall,F1-Score and area under the precision-recall curve(AUPR).Ablation analysis highlighted the substantial contribution of knowledge graph-derived features.Moreover,KG-CNNDTI was employed for virtual screening of natural products against Alzheimer's disease,resulting in 40 candidate compounds.5 were supported by literature evidence,among which 3 were further validated in vitro assays.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 50678164)the Program for New Century Excellent Talents in University (Grant No. NCET-08-0518)the National Science and Technology Pillar Program,China(Grant No. 2006BAK06B00)
文摘We investigate the dynamics of pedestrian counter flow by using a multi-grid topological pedestrian counter flow model. In the model, each pedestrian occupies multi- rather than only one grid, and interacts with others in the form of topological interaction, which means that a moving pedestrian interacts with a fixed number of those nearest neighbours coming from the opposite direction to determine his/her own moving direction. Thus the discretization of space and time are much finer, the decision making process of the pedestrian is more reliable, which all together makes the moving behaviour and boundary conditions much more realistic. When compared with field observations, it can be found that the modified model is able to reproduce well fitted pedestrian collective behaviour such as dynamical variation of lane formation, clustering of pedestrians in the same direction, etc. The fundamental diagram produced by the model fits also well with field data in thc frce flow region. Further analyses indicate that with the increase of the size of pedestrian counter flow system, it becomes harder for the system to transit into a jamming state, while the increase of interaction range does not change the transition point from free flow to jamming flow in the multi-grid topological counter flow model. It is also found that the asymmetry of the injection rate of pedestrians on the boundaries has direct influence on the process of transition from free flow to jamming flow, i.e., a symmetric injection makes it easier for the system to transit into jamming flow.
文摘This study addresses security and ethical challenges in LLM-based Multi-Agent Systems, as exemplified in a blockchain fraud detection case study. Leveraging blockchain’s secure architecture, the framework involves specialized LLM Agents—ContractMining, Investigative, Ethics, and PerformanceMonitor, coordinated by a ManagerAgent. Baseline LLM models achieved 30% accuracy with a threshold method and 94% accuracy with a random-forest method. The Claude 3.5-powered LLM system reached an accuracy of 92%. Ethical evaluations revealed biases, highlighting the need for fairness-focused refinements. Our approach aims to develop trustworthy and reliable networks of agents capable of functioning even in adversarial environments. To our knowledge, no existing systems employ ethical LLM agents specifically designed to detect fraud, making this a novel contribution. Future work will focus on refining ethical frameworks, scaling the system, and benchmarking it against traditional methods to establish a robust, adaptable, and ethically grounded solution for blockchain fraud detection.
基金supported by the China Agriculture Research System(CARS-13)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(31771833)+1 种基金the Hebei Province Science and Technology Support Program(16226301D)Key Projects of Science and Technology Research in Higher Education Institution of Hebei province(ZD2015056)
文摘To dissect the genetic mechanism of multi-seed pod in peanut, we explored the QTL/gene controlling multi-seed pod and analyzed the interaction effect of QTL and environment. Two hundred and forty eight recombinant inbred lines(RIL) from cross Silihong × Jinonghei 3 were used as experimental materials planted in 8 environments from 2012 to 2017. Three methods of analysis were performed. These included individual environment analysis, joint analysis in multiple environments, and epistatic interaction analysis for multi-seed pod QTL. Phenotypic data and best linear unbiased prediction(BLUP) value of the ratio of multi-seed pods per plant(RMSP) were used for QTL mapping. Seven QTL detected by the individual environmental mapping analysis and were distributed on linkage groups 1, 6, 9, 14, 19(2), and 21. Each QTL explained 4.42%–11.51% of the phenotypic variation in multi-seed pod, and synergistic alleles of5 QTL were from the Silihong parent. One QTL, explaining 4.93% of the phenotypic variation was detected using BLUP data, and this QTL mapped in the same interval as q RMSP19.1 detected in the individual environment analysis. Seventeen additive QTL were identified by joint analysis across multiple environments. A total of 43 epistatic QTL were detected by ICIM-EPI mapping in the multiple environment trials(MET) module, and involved 57 loci. Two main-effect QTL related to multi-seed pod in peanut were filtered. We also found that RMSP had a highly significant positive correlation with pod yield per plant(PY), and epistatic effects were much more important than additive effects. These results provide theoretical guidance for the genetic improvement of germplasm resources and further fine mapping of related genes in peanut.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(62303095)the Natural Science Foundation of Sichuan Province(2023NSFSC0872).
文摘Dear Editor,This letter proposes a novel Nash bargaining solution-based multiobjective model predictive control(MPC)scheme to deal with the interaction force control and the path-following problem of the constrained interactive robot.Considering the elastic interaction force model,a mechanical trade-off always exists between the interaction force and position,which means that neither force nor path following can satisfy their desired demands completely.Based on this consideration,two irreconcilable control specifications,the force object function and the position track object function,are proposed,and a new multi-objective MPC scheme is then designed.
文摘With the increasing of the elderly population and the growing hearth care cost, the role of service robots in aiding the disabled and the elderly is becoming important. Many researchers in the world have paid much attention to heaRthcare robots and rehabilitation robots. To get natural and harmonious communication between the user and a service robot, the information perception/feedback ability, and interaction ability for service robots become more important in many key issues.
文摘In multi-infeed HVDC system, the interactions and influences between DC systems AC systems are complex as the electrical distances among DC converter stations which are relatively short. Multi-infeed interaction factor (MIIF) can effectively reflect the interaction among DC systems. The paper theoretically analyzes the impact factors of MIIF like the electrical distances between two DC converter stations and the equivalent impedance of the receiving end AC system. By applying the Kirchhoff’s current law on the inverter AC bus, the paper deduces the analytical expressions for MIIF. From the expression, it is clear how the equivalent impedance of AC system and coupling impedance can affect MIIF. PSCAD simulations validate the effectiveness and the correctness of the proposed expression and some useful conclusions are drawn.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.41204120 and 41304130)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(Grant No.2042014kf0251)
文摘Modulated high frequency （HF） heating of the ionosphere provides a feasible means of artificially generating ex- tremely low frequency （ELF）/very low frequency （VLF） whistler waves, which can leak into the inner magnetosphere and contribute to resonant interactions with high energy electrons. Combining the ray tracing method and test particle simulations, we evaluate the effects of energetic electron resonant scattering driven by the discrete, multi-frequency arti- ficially generated ELF/VLF waves. The simulation results indicate a stochastic behavior of electrons and a linear profile of pitch angle and kinetic energy variations averaged over all test electrons. These features are similar to those associated with single-frequency waves. The computed local diffusion coefficients show that, although the momentum diffusion of relativistic electrons due to artificial ELF/VLF whistlers with a nominal amplitude of ~ 1 pT is minor, the pitch angle scattering can be notably efficient at low pitch angles near the loss cone, which supports the feasibility of artificial triggering of multi-frequency ELF/VLF whistler waves for the removal of high energy electrons from the magnetosphere. We also investigate the dependences of diffusion coefficients on the frequency interval （△f） of the discrete, multi-frequency waves. We find that there is a threshold value of Af for which the net diffusion coefficient of multi-frequency whistlers is inversely proportional to △f （proportional to the frequency components Nw） when △f is below the threshold value but it remains unchanged with increasing Af when △f is larger than the threshold value. This is explained as being due to the fact that the resonant scattering effect of broadband waves is the sum of the effects of each frequency in the ＇effective frequency band＇. Our results suggest that the modulation frequency of HF heating of the ionosphere can be appropriately selected with reasonable frequency intervals so that better performance of controlled precipitation of high energy electrons in the plasmasphere by artificial ELF/VLF whistler waves can be achieved.
基金supported by the Shenzhen Medical Research Fund(Grant No.A2303049)Guangdong Basic and Applied Basic Research(Grant No.2023A1515010647)+1 种基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.22004135)Shenzhen Science and Technology Program(Grant No.RCBS20210706092409020,GXWD20201231165807008,20200824162253002).
文摘Multi-organ-on-a-chip(MOOC)technology represents a pivotal direction in the organ-on-a-chip field,seeking to emulate the complex interactions of multiple human organs in vitro through microfluidic systems.This technology overcomes the limitations of traditional single-organ models,providing a novel platform for investigating complex disease mechanisms and evaluating drug efficacy and toxicity.Although it demonstrates broad application prospects,its development still faces critical bottlenecks,including inadequate physiological coupling between organs,short functional maintenance durations,and limited real-time monitoring capabilities.Contemporary research is advancing along three key directions,including functional coupling,sensor integration,and full-process automation systems,to propel the technology toward enhanced levels of physiological relevance and predictive accuracy.
基金Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant Nos.11604225,11734010Beijing Natural Science Foundation(Z180013)Foundation of Beijing Education Committees under Grant No.KM201710028004
文摘In this article,we discuss a method to control the long-range interactions between bosons in a threedimensional Bose-Fermi mixture with the help of optical lattices on fermions.We find the range and the peaked momentum of the fermion-mediated interactions can be tuned by the optical lattice depth and the fermion density.If the fermion density is close to half-filling,roton excitations can be generated with weak Bose-Fermi interactions.Further,if the fermions are not exact at half-filling,multi-roton structure may emerge,implying competing density orders.Therefore,tuning the lattice depth and the fermion density in a Bose-Fermi mixture serves as an effective way to control the interaction range and resonant momentum between bosons.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 31,271,979 and No. 31,571,825)the Natural Science Foundation of Tianjin (No.15JCYBJC30100)
基金Project supported by the National Magnetic Confinement Fusion Science Program of China (Grant No. 2010GB104003)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities,China (Grant No. 450060481375)
文摘The potential energy curves for neutrals and multiply charged ions of carbon monosulfide are computed with highly correlated multi-reference configuration interaction wavefunctions.The correlations of inner-shell electrons with the scalar relativistic effects are included in the present computations.The spectroscopic constants,dissociation energies,ionization energies for ground and low-lying excited states together with corresponding electronic configurations of ions are obtained,and a good agreement between the present work and existing experiments is found.No theoretical evidence is found for the adiabatically stable CSq＋（q〉2） ions according to the present ab initio calculations.The calculated values for 1st-6th ionization energies are 11.25,32.66,64.82,106.25,159.75,and 224.64 eV,respectively.The kinetic energy release data of fragments are provided by the present work for further experimental comparisons.
文摘<strong>Background:</strong> The implementation of resilience engineering for an operating room is difficult;however, its study would become important for the surgeon’s personal and surgical team in order to develop a new surgical safety management. An expert operator must perform an operation with his surgical team that includes an anesthetist, scrub nurse, and young assistant. However, there exist some gaps among these multi-professionals. <strong>Objective:</strong> From the viewpoint of an expert operator, to have an operation go well, we would describe how to reconcile their gaps. We will explain the gaps among the multi-professionals in a surgical team, such as hidden interactions between the operator and anesthetist, surgeon and scrub nurse, and expert operator and young assistant. <strong>Material and Methods:</strong> We assumed three types of interactions among the multi-professionals in the operating theater and we clarified how to bridge the gaps by revealing what the operator thinks, what the anesthetist thinks, what the scrub nurse thinks, and what the young assistant thinks in the surgical team, and by understanding how they perform during surgery. <strong>Outcomes:</strong> What the expert operator thinks and how he performs in surgery is summarized by the following three items: 1) safety is first, 2) achieving the operative purpose, and 3) fast surgery. We interviewed the surgical team members. In order for the surgery to go well, what the important thing is “safety first” for any surgical professionals. The sentence, “safety is first” is the magic words, such as “open sesame”. They can communicate with each other on the spot and build the team and system. To develop a strong and resilient surgical team, these four behaviors are important to improve the performance as a system: 1) sharing the same goal and same priority, 2) understanding gaps with clear verbal communication. Coming out from own professional boundaries (takotsubo), speaking in words, 3) all of us, having a strong will (iron heart), and learning anger management, and 4) improvising even in difficult situations. <strong>Conclusion:</strong> We would like to summarize the items learned from my three described scenes, which are 1) to develop a strong and resilient surgical team, 2) what we have to do, and how we have to perform, and 3) how we can develop a team and system.
文摘The Hartree-Fock equation is non-linear and has, in principle, multiple solutions. The ωth HF extreme and its associated virtual spin-orbitals furnish an orthogonal base Bω of the full configuration interaction space. Although all Bω bases generate the same CI space, the corresponding configurations of each Bω base have distinct quantum-mechanical information contents. In previous works, we have introduced a multi-reference configuration interaction method, based on the multiple extremes of the Hartree-Fock problem. This method was applied to calculate the permanent electrical dipole and quadrupole moments of some small molecules using minimal and double, triple and polarized double-zeta bases. In all cases were possible, using a reduced number of configurations, to obtain dipole and quadrupole moments in close agreement with the experimental values and energies without compromising the energy of the state function. These results show the positive effect of the use of the multi-reference Hartree-Fock bases that allowed a better extraction of quantum mechanical information from the several Bω bases. But to extend these ideas for larger systems and atomic bases, it is necessary to develop criteria to build the multireference Hartree-Fock bases. In this project, we are beginning a study of the non-uniform distribution of quantum-mechanical information content of the Bω bases, searching identify the factors that allowed obtain the good results cited
基金Project(51221462)supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China for Innovative Research GroupProject(20120095110001)supported by the Doctoral Fund of Ministry of Education of China+1 种基金Project supported by the Priority Academic Program Development(PAPD)of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions,ChinaProject(CXJJ201303)supported by the Innovation Foundation of Xuyi Research and Development Center of Mining Equipment and Materials,China University of Mining and Technology,China
文摘A feasible method was proposed to improve the vibration intensity of screen surface via application of a new type elastic screen surface with multi degree of freedom(NTESSMDF). In the NTESSMDF, the primary robs were coupled to the main screen structure with ends embedded into the elastomers, and the secondary robs were attached to adjacent two primary robs with elastic bands. The dynamic model of vibrating screen with NTESSMDF was established based on Lagrange's equation and the equivalent stiffnesses of the elastomer and elastic band were calculated. According to numerical simulation using the 4th order Runge-Kutta method, the vibration intensity of screen surface can be enhanced substantially with an averaged acceleration amplitude increasing ratio of 72.36%. The primary robs and secondary robs vibrate inversely in steady state, which would result in the friability of materials and avoid stoppage. The experimental results validate the dynamic characteristics with acceleration amplitude rising by62.93% on average, which demonstrates the feasibility of NTESSMDF.
基金financially supported by Lloyd’s Register Foundation(LRF),a UK-registered charity and sole shareholder of Lloyd’s Register Group Ltdthe Youth Innovation Fund of State Key Laboratory of Ocean Engineering(Grant No.GKZD010059-21)
文摘The hydrodynamics of side-by-side barges are much more complex than those of a single barge in waves because of wave shielding, viscous effects and water resonance in the gap. In the present study, hydrodynamic coefficients in the frequency domain were calculated for both the system of multiple bodies and the isolated body using both low-order and higher-order boundary-element methods with different element numbers. In these calculations, the damping-lid method was used to modify the free-surface boundary conditions in the gap and to make the hydrodynamic results more reasonable. Then far-field, mid-field and near-field methods were used to calculate wave-drift forces for both the multi-body system and the isolated body. The results show that the higher-order method has faster convergence speed than the low-order method for the multi-body case. Comparison of different methods of computing drift force showed that mid-field and far-field methods have better convergence than the near-field method. In addition, corresponding model tests were performed in the Deepwater Offshore Basin at Shanghai Jiao Tong University. Comparison between numerical and experimental results showed good agreement.
文摘Identification of high-yielding stable promising rice lines and determination of suitable areas for rice lines would be done by additive main effects and multiplicative interaction(AMMI) model. Seven promising rice genotypes plus two check varieties Shiroudi and 843 were analyzed using a randomized complete block design with three replications in three consecutive years(2012, 2013 and 2014). Homogenous error variance was indicated in the nine environments for grain yield. The combined analysis of variance indicated significant effects of environment, genotype and genotype × environment(GE) interactions on grain yield. The significant effect of GE interaction reflected on the differential response of genotypes in various environments and demonstrated that GE interaction had remarkable effect on genotypic performance in different environments. The application of AMMI model for partitioning the GE interaction effects showed that only the first two terms of AMMI were significant based on Gollob's Ftest. The lowest AMMI-1 was observed for G7, G2 and G6. G7 and G6 had higher grain yield. According to the first eigenvalue, which benefits only the first interaction principal component scores, G1, G6, G2 and G9 were the most stable genotypes. The values of the sum of first two interaction principal component scores could be useful in identifying genotype stability, and G6, G5 and G2 were the most dynamic stable genotypes. AMMI stability value introduced G6 as the most stable one. According to AMMI biplot view, G6 was high yielding and highly stable genotype. In conclusion, this study revealed that GE interactions were an important source of rice yield variation, and its AMMI biplots were forceful for visualizing the response of genotypes to environments.
基金Foundation item： National Natural Science Foundation of China （10377015）
文摘The pylon structure of an airplane is very complex, and its high-fidelity analysis is quite time-consuming. If posterior preference optimization algorithm is used to solve this problem, the huge time consumption will be unacceptable in engineering practice due to the large amount of evaluation needed for the algorithm. So, a new interactive optimization algorithm-interactive multi-objective particle swarm optimization （IMOPSO） is presented. IMOPSO is efficient, simple and operable. The decision-maker can expediently determine the accurate preference in IMOPSO. IMOPSO is used to perform the pylon structure optimization design of an airplane, and a satisfactory design is achieved after only 12 generations of IMOPSO evolutions. Compared with original design, the maximum displacement of the satisfactory design is reduced, and the mass of the satisfactory design is decreased for 22%.
文摘A rotor CFD solver is developed for simulating the aerodynamic interaction phenomenon among rotor, wing and fuselage of a tilt rotor aircraft in its helicopter mode. The unsteady Navier-Stokes equations are discretized in inertial frame and embedded grid system is adopted for describing the relative motion among blades and nacelle/wing/fuselage. A combination of multi-layer embedded grid and 'extended hole fringe' technique is complemented in original grid system to tackle grid assembly difficulties arising from the narrow space among different aerodynamic components, and to improve the interpolation precision by decreasing the cell volume discrepancy among different grid blocks. An overall donor cell searching and automatic hole cutting technique is used for grid assembly, and the solution processes are speeded up by introduction of OpenMP parallel method. Based on this solver, flow fields and aerodynamics of a tilt rotor aircraft in hover are simulated with several rotor collective angles, and the corresponding states of an isolated rotor and rotor/wing/fuselage model are also computed to obtain reference solution. Aerodynamic interference influences among the rotor and wing/fuselage/nacelle are analyzed, and some meaningful conclusions are drawn. (C) 2016 Chinese Society of Aeronautics and Astronautics. Production and hosting by Elsevier Ltd.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.61374160)the Shanghai Aerospace Science and Technology Innovation Fund(No.SAST201237)
文摘This paper presents a data fusion algorithm for dynamic system with multi-sensor and uncertain system models. The algorithm is mainly based on Kalman filter and interacting multiple model(IMM). It processes crosscorrelated sensor noises by using augmented fusion before model interacting. And eigenvalue decomposition is utilized to reduce calculation complexity and implement parallel computing. In simulation part, the feasibility of the algorithm was tested and verified, and the relationship between sensor number and the estimation precision was studied. Results show that simply increasing the number of sensor cannot always improve the performance of the estimation. Type and number of sensors should be optimized in practical applications.
