By using a farm's data in Yantai City and the theory of Cost-Volume-Profit analysis and the financial management methods,this paper construct a multi-factor analysis model for improving profit management using Exc...By using a farm's data in Yantai City and the theory of Cost-Volume-Profit analysis and the financial management methods,this paper construct a multi-factor analysis model for improving profit management using Excel 2007 in Shellfish farming projects and describes the procedures to construct a multi-factor analysis model.The model can quickly calculate the profit,improve the level of profit management,find out the breakeven point and enhance the decision-making efficiency of businesses etc.It is also a thought of the application to offer suggestions for government decisions and economic decisions for corporations as a simple analysis tool.While effort has been exerted to construct a four-variable model,some equally important variables may not be discussed sufficiently due to limitation of the paper's space and the authors'knowledge.All variables can be listed in EXCEL 2007 and can be associated in a logical way to manage the profit of shellfish farming projects more efficiently and more practically.展开更多
Lookup table is widely used in automotive industry for the design of engine control units(ECU).Together with a proportional-integral controller,a feed-forward and feedback control scheme is often adopted for automotiv...Lookup table is widely used in automotive industry for the design of engine control units(ECU).Together with a proportional-integral controller,a feed-forward and feedback control scheme is often adopted for automotive engine management system(EMS).Usually,an ECU has a structure of multi-input and single-output(MISO).Therefore,if there are multiple objectives proposed in EMS,there would be corresponding numbers of ECUs that need to be designed.In this situation,huge efforts and time were spent on calibration.In this work,a multi-input and multi-out(MIMO) approach based on model predictive control(MPC) was presented for the automatic cruise system of automotive engine.The results show that the tracking of engine speed command and the regulation of air/fuel ratio(AFR) can be achieved simultaneously under the new scheme.The mean absolute error(MAE) for engine speed control is 0.037,and the MAE for air fuel ratio is 0.069.展开更多
Introduction:Metabolic multimorbidity is rising sharply in China and is closely linked to modifiable lifestyle behaviors;however,the dynamic transitions between metabolic disease states and the stage-specific effects ...Introduction:Metabolic multimorbidity is rising sharply in China and is closely linked to modifiable lifestyle behaviors;however,the dynamic transitions between metabolic disease states and the stage-specific effects of lifestyle factors on those transitions remain poorly understood.Methods:We enrolled 9,673 participants from the Health Omics Preventive Examination Program(April 2019-December 2024),each with at least two followup visits(median follow-up:3.07 years;interquartile range:1.09 years).A Markov multi-state model was used to evaluate the effects of eight lifestyle factors—smoking,alcohol consumption,physical activity,sleep duration,dietary oil intake,taste preference,and two dietary pattern scores—on transitions between disease states.Results:At baseline,multimorbidity prevalence was 24.14%,with a substantially higher rate in males(40.92%)than in females(9.70%;P<0.05).Among single-disease conditions,hepatic steatosis conferred the greatest risk of progressing to multimorbidity.Lifestyle effects were markedly stage-specific:smoking[hazard ratio(HR)=2.44,95%confidence interval(CI):1.63,3.65]and a high-salt diet(HR=2.28,95%CI:1.46,3.55)significantly accelerated multimorbidity progression,whereas regular physical activity(HR=0.58,95%CI:0.40,0.84)substantially reduced the risk of transitioning from single-disease to multimorbidity.These associations varied meaningfully by age and sex.Conclusion:Lifestyle behaviors exhibit stage-specific associations with metabolic disease transitions,with the magnitude and direction of these effects differing by sex and age.These findings underscore the critical importance of implementing early,targeted,stagespecific lifestyle interventions to curb the growing burden of metabolic multimorbidity in China.展开更多
文摘By using a farm's data in Yantai City and the theory of Cost-Volume-Profit analysis and the financial management methods,this paper construct a multi-factor analysis model for improving profit management using Excel 2007 in Shellfish farming projects and describes the procedures to construct a multi-factor analysis model.The model can quickly calculate the profit,improve the level of profit management,find out the breakeven point and enhance the decision-making efficiency of businesses etc.It is also a thought of the application to offer suggestions for government decisions and economic decisions for corporations as a simple analysis tool.While effort has been exerted to construct a four-variable model,some equally important variables may not be discussed sufficiently due to limitation of the paper's space and the authors'knowledge.All variables can be listed in EXCEL 2007 and can be associated in a logical way to manage the profit of shellfish farming projects more efficiently and more practically.
基金Project supported by the Centre for Smart Grid and Information Convergence(CeSGIC)at Xi’an Jiaotong-Liverpool University,China
文摘Lookup table is widely used in automotive industry for the design of engine control units(ECU).Together with a proportional-integral controller,a feed-forward and feedback control scheme is often adopted for automotive engine management system(EMS).Usually,an ECU has a structure of multi-input and single-output(MISO).Therefore,if there are multiple objectives proposed in EMS,there would be corresponding numbers of ECUs that need to be designed.In this situation,huge efforts and time were spent on calibration.In this work,a multi-input and multi-out(MIMO) approach based on model predictive control(MPC) was presented for the automatic cruise system of automotive engine.The results show that the tracking of engine speed command and the regulation of air/fuel ratio(AFR) can be achieved simultaneously under the new scheme.The mean absolute error(MAE) for engine speed control is 0.037,and the MAE for air fuel ratio is 0.069.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(82388102,82373654)the Noncommunicable Chronic Diseases-National Science and Technology Major Project(2024ZD0520000,2024ZD0520003)+1 种基金the Major Project of Taizhou Clinical Medical College,Nanjing Medical University(TZKY20240001)the Major Project of Changzhou Medical Center,Nanjing Medical University(CMCM202210).
文摘Introduction:Metabolic multimorbidity is rising sharply in China and is closely linked to modifiable lifestyle behaviors;however,the dynamic transitions between metabolic disease states and the stage-specific effects of lifestyle factors on those transitions remain poorly understood.Methods:We enrolled 9,673 participants from the Health Omics Preventive Examination Program(April 2019-December 2024),each with at least two followup visits(median follow-up:3.07 years;interquartile range:1.09 years).A Markov multi-state model was used to evaluate the effects of eight lifestyle factors—smoking,alcohol consumption,physical activity,sleep duration,dietary oil intake,taste preference,and two dietary pattern scores—on transitions between disease states.Results:At baseline,multimorbidity prevalence was 24.14%,with a substantially higher rate in males(40.92%)than in females(9.70%;P<0.05).Among single-disease conditions,hepatic steatosis conferred the greatest risk of progressing to multimorbidity.Lifestyle effects were markedly stage-specific:smoking[hazard ratio(HR)=2.44,95%confidence interval(CI):1.63,3.65]and a high-salt diet(HR=2.28,95%CI:1.46,3.55)significantly accelerated multimorbidity progression,whereas regular physical activity(HR=0.58,95%CI:0.40,0.84)substantially reduced the risk of transitioning from single-disease to multimorbidity.These associations varied meaningfully by age and sex.Conclusion:Lifestyle behaviors exhibit stage-specific associations with metabolic disease transitions,with the magnitude and direction of these effects differing by sex and age.These findings underscore the critical importance of implementing early,targeted,stagespecific lifestyle interventions to curb the growing burden of metabolic multimorbidity in China.
