目的探究降脂药物研究进展,为制定临床调脂方案和合理用药提供参考。方法检索中国知网、PubMed、Web of Science等,检索时限为各数据库自建库至2025年12月31日,根据作用机制将降脂药物分为经典类(他汀类、胆固醇吸收抑制剂、贝特类、烟...目的探究降脂药物研究进展,为制定临床调脂方案和合理用药提供参考。方法检索中国知网、PubMed、Web of Science等,检索时限为各数据库自建库至2025年12月31日,根据作用机制将降脂药物分为经典类(他汀类、胆固醇吸收抑制剂、贝特类、烟酸类、胆汁酸螯合剂、多不饱和脂肪酸类)与新型类[前蛋白转化酶枯草溶菌素9(PCSK9)抑制剂、血管生成素样蛋白3(ANGPTL3)抑制剂、载脂蛋白C3(ApoC3)抑制剂、载脂蛋白B(ApoB)合成抑制剂、微粒体TG转移蛋白(MTP)抑制剂、ATP柠檬酸裂合酶(ACLY)抑制剂],汇总其作用机制、适应证、典型的药品不良反应(Adverse Drug Reactions,ADR)及用药监护等信息。结果经典降脂药物以抑制胆固醇合成或吸收为主要机制,是血脂管理的基础,但其肌损伤、肝损伤等风险需密切监测;新型降脂药物多针对特定靶点,具有作用强、给药便捷等特点,安全性总体良好,常见ADR为注射部位反应等。结论降脂药物已从广谱调控向精准靶向发展,临床应个体化选药,并重视对各类药物典型ADR的监测与防范,保障精准安全用药。展开更多
A promising structured catalyst was developed through proper coating of boron-modified ZSM-5 using SiO_(2) and Al_(2)O_(3)-containing binders to investigate catalytic performance as well as mechanical stability of the...A promising structured catalyst was developed through proper coating of boron-modified ZSM-5 using SiO_(2) and Al_(2)O_(3)-containing binders to investigate catalytic performance as well as mechanical stability of the catalyst in a monolithic reactor.The reference and boron-modified ZSM-5 catalysts were synthesized by hydrothermal route.The adherence strength of catalyst samples was characterized using ultrasonic vibration method and FESEM analysis.A series of comparative performance tests were also conducted in two reactors,including monolithic and extruded catalysts for the production of propylene from methanol at atmospheric pressure,reaction temperatures of 500℃,and methanol weight hourly space velocity(WHSV)of 1.5 h^(-1).Initial findings demonstrate that applying the B-modified ZSM-5zeolite in a monolith reactor increased propylene selectivity by about 26%compared to the conventional extruded ZSM-5 catalyst.Moreover,silica bonded to the B-ZSM-5 catalyst in the monolithic reactor,owning sufficient adhesion properties;the proposed catalyst showed the best catalytic performance,with not only a high propylene selectivity(58.5%)but also a large propylene/ethylene(P/E)ratio(8.6).The findings attained in this work would be useful in the production of new efficient catalysts based on a zeolite-coated honeycomb monolith in the methanol-to-propylene process.展开更多
文摘目的探究降脂药物研究进展,为制定临床调脂方案和合理用药提供参考。方法检索中国知网、PubMed、Web of Science等,检索时限为各数据库自建库至2025年12月31日,根据作用机制将降脂药物分为经典类(他汀类、胆固醇吸收抑制剂、贝特类、烟酸类、胆汁酸螯合剂、多不饱和脂肪酸类)与新型类[前蛋白转化酶枯草溶菌素9(PCSK9)抑制剂、血管生成素样蛋白3(ANGPTL3)抑制剂、载脂蛋白C3(ApoC3)抑制剂、载脂蛋白B(ApoB)合成抑制剂、微粒体TG转移蛋白(MTP)抑制剂、ATP柠檬酸裂合酶(ACLY)抑制剂],汇总其作用机制、适应证、典型的药品不良反应(Adverse Drug Reactions,ADR)及用药监护等信息。结果经典降脂药物以抑制胆固醇合成或吸收为主要机制,是血脂管理的基础,但其肌损伤、肝损伤等风险需密切监测;新型降脂药物多针对特定靶点,具有作用强、给药便捷等特点,安全性总体良好,常见ADR为注射部位反应等。结论降脂药物已从广谱调控向精准靶向发展,临床应个体化选药,并重视对各类药物典型ADR的监测与防范,保障精准安全用药。
基金Sahand University of Technology and Utrecht University for the project's financial supportthe Iran Nanotechnology Initiative Council for their additional financial assistance。
文摘A promising structured catalyst was developed through proper coating of boron-modified ZSM-5 using SiO_(2) and Al_(2)O_(3)-containing binders to investigate catalytic performance as well as mechanical stability of the catalyst in a monolithic reactor.The reference and boron-modified ZSM-5 catalysts were synthesized by hydrothermal route.The adherence strength of catalyst samples was characterized using ultrasonic vibration method and FESEM analysis.A series of comparative performance tests were also conducted in two reactors,including monolithic and extruded catalysts for the production of propylene from methanol at atmospheric pressure,reaction temperatures of 500℃,and methanol weight hourly space velocity(WHSV)of 1.5 h^(-1).Initial findings demonstrate that applying the B-modified ZSM-5zeolite in a monolith reactor increased propylene selectivity by about 26%compared to the conventional extruded ZSM-5 catalyst.Moreover,silica bonded to the B-ZSM-5 catalyst in the monolithic reactor,owning sufficient adhesion properties;the proposed catalyst showed the best catalytic performance,with not only a high propylene selectivity(58.5%)but also a large propylene/ethylene(P/E)ratio(8.6).The findings attained in this work would be useful in the production of new efficient catalysts based on a zeolite-coated honeycomb monolith in the methanol-to-propylene process.
