Flexible circuit switches have been widely used in electronic devices due to their outstanding flexibility and operability.In order to expand the types of flexible circuit switch materials,we develop a unique composit...Flexible circuit switches have been widely used in electronic devices due to their outstanding flexibility and operability.In order to expand the types of flexible circuit switch materials,we develop a unique composite material,which integrates a photoresponsive flexible substrate derived from a photoreactive coordination polymer(CP)with an elastic conductive adhesive tape(CAT)in this work.The photoreactive CP{[Cd(2,6-bpvn)(3,5-DBB)_(2)]·DMF}_(n)(1)is prepared through solvothermal reaction of Cd(NO_(3))_(2)·4H_(2)O with 2,6-bis((E)-2-(pyridin-4-yl)vinyl)naphthalene(2,6-bpvn)and 3,5-dibromobenzoic acid(3,5-HDBB).Upon irradiation with UV light,crystals of 1 can undergo[2+2]photocycloaddition reaction and exhibit photomechanical movements.The crystalline powder of 1 can be uniformly distributed in polyvinyl alcohol(PVA)to generate the composite film 1-PVA.After pasting a piece of CAT on the surface of a 1-PVA film,a conductive two-layer film of 1-PVA/CAT can be fabricated.This film bends rapidly upon UV light exposure,connecting the circuit and causing the bulb to light up.When the light source is removed,it reverts to its initial state and the circuit is disconnected and the bulb is extinguished.This process can be cycled at least 100 times,achieving precise turn-on and turn-off performances of the photocontrollable circuit switch.展开更多
Transcranial temporal interference stimulation(tTIS)is a novel non-invasive neuromodulation technique with the potential to precisely target deep brain structures.This study explores the neural and behavioral effects ...Transcranial temporal interference stimulation(tTIS)is a novel non-invasive neuromodulation technique with the potential to precisely target deep brain structures.This study explores the neural and behavioral effects of tTIS on the superior colliculus(SC),a region involved in eye movement control,in mice.Computational modeling revealed that tTIS delivers more focused stimulation to the SC than traditional transcranial alternating current stimulation.In vivo experiments,including Ca^(2+)signal recordings and eye movement tracking,showed that tTIS effectively modulates SC neural activity and induces eye movements.A significant correlation was found between stimulation frequency and saccade frequency,suggesting direct tTIS-induced modulation of SC activity.These results demonstrate the precision of tTIS in targeting deep brain regions and regulating eye movements,highlighting its potential for neuroscientific research and therapeutic applications.展开更多
As a possible peptide primary messenger, extracellular calmodulin (CaM) may regulate processes such as cell proliferation, pollen germination and expression of some genes. Stomata open or close quickly in response to ...As a possible peptide primary messenger, extracellular calmodulin (CaM) may regulate processes such as cell proliferation, pollen germination and expression of some genes. Stomata open or close quickly in response to environmental stimuli. CaM was found to be extracellular both in guard cells of broad bean leaves and in epidermal cells by immuno-electron microscopy and immuno-fluorescence microscopy techniques. Exogenous purified CaM enhanced stomatal closure and inhibited stomatal opening with an optimal concentration of 10(-8) mol/L; CaM antagonist W7-agarose and anti-CaM serum, which were membrane-impermeable macromolecules, inhibited stomatal closure and promoted stomatal opening. All these data showed that endogenous extracellular CaM. of guard cells did promote stomatal closure and inhibit stomatal opening, and could he active only outside the cells. Therefore under natural conditions, the endogenous extracellular CaM of guard cells might regulate stomatal movements as a primary messenger together with other signal molecules, and might be an important linkage between environmental stimuli and cell responses.展开更多
As eye tracking can be used to record moment-to-moment changes of eye movements as people inspect pictures of natural scenes and comprehend information, this paper attempts to use eye-movement technology to investigat...As eye tracking can be used to record moment-to-moment changes of eye movements as people inspect pictures of natural scenes and comprehend information, this paper attempts to use eye-movement technology to investigate how the order of presentation and the characteristics of information affect the semantic mismatch effect in the picture-sentence paradigm. A 3（syntax）×2（semantic relation） factorial design is adopted, with syntax and semantic relations as within-participant variables. The experiment finds that the semantic mismatch is most likely to increase cognitive loads as people have to spend more time, including first-pass time, regression path duration, and total fixation duration. Double negation does not significantly increase the processing difficulty of pictures and information. Experimental results show that people can extract the special syntactic strategy from long-term memory to process pictures and sentences with different semantic relations. It enables readers to comprehend double negation as affirmation. These results demonstrate that the constituent comparison model may not be a general model regarding other languages.展开更多
基金support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.U24A20507,22271203)the State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry,Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry,Chinese Academy of Sciences(No.2024KF005)Open Research Fund of State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry,School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering of Nanjing University and the Collaborative Innovation Centre of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology.
文摘Flexible circuit switches have been widely used in electronic devices due to their outstanding flexibility and operability.In order to expand the types of flexible circuit switch materials,we develop a unique composite material,which integrates a photoresponsive flexible substrate derived from a photoreactive coordination polymer(CP)with an elastic conductive adhesive tape(CAT)in this work.The photoreactive CP{[Cd(2,6-bpvn)(3,5-DBB)_(2)]·DMF}_(n)(1)is prepared through solvothermal reaction of Cd(NO_(3))_(2)·4H_(2)O with 2,6-bis((E)-2-(pyridin-4-yl)vinyl)naphthalene(2,6-bpvn)and 3,5-dibromobenzoic acid(3,5-HDBB).Upon irradiation with UV light,crystals of 1 can undergo[2+2]photocycloaddition reaction and exhibit photomechanical movements.The crystalline powder of 1 can be uniformly distributed in polyvinyl alcohol(PVA)to generate the composite film 1-PVA.After pasting a piece of CAT on the surface of a 1-PVA film,a conductive two-layer film of 1-PVA/CAT can be fabricated.This film bends rapidly upon UV light exposure,connecting the circuit and causing the bulb to light up.When the light source is removed,it reverts to its initial state and the circuit is disconnected and the bulb is extinguished.This process can be cycled at least 100 times,achieving precise turn-on and turn-off performances of the photocontrollable circuit switch.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(T2394533,32222036,82030038,and 62472206)the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2018YFA0701400)the Shenzhen Science and Technology Innovation Committee(2022410129,KJZD20230923115221044,and KCXFZ20201221173400001).
文摘Transcranial temporal interference stimulation(tTIS)is a novel non-invasive neuromodulation technique with the potential to precisely target deep brain structures.This study explores the neural and behavioral effects of tTIS on the superior colliculus(SC),a region involved in eye movement control,in mice.Computational modeling revealed that tTIS delivers more focused stimulation to the SC than traditional transcranial alternating current stimulation.In vivo experiments,including Ca^(2+)signal recordings and eye movement tracking,showed that tTIS effectively modulates SC neural activity and induces eye movements.A significant correlation was found between stimulation frequency and saccade frequency,suggesting direct tTIS-induced modulation of SC activity.These results demonstrate the precision of tTIS in targeting deep brain regions and regulating eye movements,highlighting its potential for neuroscientific research and therapeutic applications.
文摘As a possible peptide primary messenger, extracellular calmodulin (CaM) may regulate processes such as cell proliferation, pollen germination and expression of some genes. Stomata open or close quickly in response to environmental stimuli. CaM was found to be extracellular both in guard cells of broad bean leaves and in epidermal cells by immuno-electron microscopy and immuno-fluorescence microscopy techniques. Exogenous purified CaM enhanced stomatal closure and inhibited stomatal opening with an optimal concentration of 10(-8) mol/L; CaM antagonist W7-agarose and anti-CaM serum, which were membrane-impermeable macromolecules, inhibited stomatal closure and promoted stomatal opening. All these data showed that endogenous extracellular CaM. of guard cells did promote stomatal closure and inhibit stomatal opening, and could he active only outside the cells. Therefore under natural conditions, the endogenous extracellular CaM of guard cells might regulate stomatal movements as a primary messenger together with other signal molecules, and might be an important linkage between environmental stimuli and cell responses.
基金The National Social Science Foundation of China (No.CBA080236)the Graduate Innovation Project of Jiangsu Province (No.CX08B-016R)
文摘As eye tracking can be used to record moment-to-moment changes of eye movements as people inspect pictures of natural scenes and comprehend information, this paper attempts to use eye-movement technology to investigate how the order of presentation and the characteristics of information affect the semantic mismatch effect in the picture-sentence paradigm. A 3（syntax）×2（semantic relation） factorial design is adopted, with syntax and semantic relations as within-participant variables. The experiment finds that the semantic mismatch is most likely to increase cognitive loads as people have to spend more time, including first-pass time, regression path duration, and total fixation duration. Double negation does not significantly increase the processing difficulty of pictures and information. Experimental results show that people can extract the special syntactic strategy from long-term memory to process pictures and sentences with different semantic relations. It enables readers to comprehend double negation as affirmation. These results demonstrate that the constituent comparison model may not be a general model regarding other languages.
