A new angular furanocoumarin, 2′ acetylangelicin (8), along with oroselone (1), columbianadin (3), bergapten (4), O acetyl columbianetin (5), cniforin A (6), edultin (7) and β sitosterol (2), was isolated fro...A new angular furanocoumarin, 2′ acetylangelicin (8), along with oroselone (1), columbianadin (3), bergapten (4), O acetyl columbianetin (5), cniforin A (6), edultin (7) and β sitosterol (2), was isolated from the fruit of Cnidium monnieri. The structures were elucidated by spectral methods. Compound 1 was isolated from this plant for the first time.展开更多
The aim of this study was to investigate the inhibitory effect of Cnidium monnieri fruit(CM) extracts on pulmonary inflammation induced in mice by cigarette smoke condensate(CSC) and lipopolysaccharide(LPS). Pulmonary...The aim of this study was to investigate the inhibitory effect of Cnidium monnieri fruit(CM) extracts on pulmonary inflammation induced in mice by cigarette smoke condensate(CSC) and lipopolysaccharide(LPS). Pulmonary inflammation was induced by intratracheal instillation of LPS and CSC five times within 12 days. CM extract was administered orally at a dose of 50 or 200 mg·kg-1. The number of inflammatory cells in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid was counted using a fluorescence activated cell sorter. Inflammatory mediator levels were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The administration of LPS and CSC exacerbated airway hyper-responsiveness(AHR) and induced an accumulation of inflammatory cells and mediators, and led to histological changes. However, these responses are modulated by treatment with CM, and the treatment with CM extract produces similar or more extensive results than the treatment with cyclosporin A(CSA). CM extract may have an inhibitory effect on pulmonary inflammation related with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.展开更多
Neurodegenerative diseases are the consequences of imbalance between the production of oxidative stress and its nullification by cellular defense mechanisms. Hydrogen peroxide(H_2O_2), a precursor of deleterious react...Neurodegenerative diseases are the consequences of imbalance between the production of oxidative stress and its nullification by cellular defense mechanisms. Hydrogen peroxide(H_2O_2), a precursor of deleterious reactive oxygen species, elicits oxidative stress, resulting in severe brain injuries. Bacopa monnieri is well known for its nerve relaxing and memory enhancing properties. The present study was designed to evaluate the protective effects of extracts from Bacopa monnieri against H_2O_2 induced oxidative stress using a cellular model, neuroblastoma IMR32 cell line. The protective potential of methanolic, ethanolic, and water extracts of B. monnieri(BM-MEx, BM-EEx, and BM-WEx) was evaluated using MTT assay. Although, all the B. monnieri extracts were found to protect cells against H_2O_2-mediated stress but BM-MEx showed significantly greater protection. UPLC analysis of BM-MEx revealed various polyphenols, including quercetin, catechin, umbelliferone, and caffeic acid predominance. Further, BM-MEx was found to possess considerable greater neuroprotective potential in comparison to the standard polyphenols such as quercetin, catechin, umbelliferone, and caffeic acid. The levels of antioxidant enzymes were significantly elevated after the pretreatment of BM-MEx and quercetin. The expression levels of oxidative stress markers, such as NF200, HSP70, and mortalin, were significantly alleviated after the pretreatment of BM-MEx as shown by immunofluorescence and RT-PCR. In conclusion, the present study demonstrated the protective effects of BM-MEx, suggesting that it could be a candidate for the development of neuropathological therapeutics.展开更多
Acid rain (AR) has been reported to induce stress in plants affecting its productivity, growth, flowering and physiology. The molecular changes induced in plants due to the effect of acid rain or acid induced orientat...Acid rain (AR) has been reported to induce stress in plants affecting its productivity, growth, flowering and physiology. The molecular changes induced in plants due to the effect of acid rain or acid induced orientation or chloroplast streaming remains largely unknown. Therefore, in the current study we report for the first time the static and permanent changes in the cell of the medicinal plant Bacopa monnieri L. due to sulphur-simulated acid rain (S-SiAR). AR induced effects witnessed by the reduction of the size of starch granules and chloroplast, amount of the granules per unit area, dissolving cell walls, breaking the normal fiber, salt-induced strain in the various components of the cell. Effect of starch granule and chloroplast due to S-SiAR was analyzed using light, confocal and scanning electron microscopic techniques. The elements viz. potassium and magnesium present in the chloroplasts reveal acidic pH due to effect of S-SiAR observed by the ionization of Mg and K (to Mg2+ and K+), in which K+ induced by the effects of S-SiAR revealed a net negative Nernst potential of about -87.55 mV. Calcium is mainly present on the cell walls and responsible for binding of starch granules become ionized to Ca2+ on interacting with AR indicated by the altered Nernst potential of +137.04 mV. A net potential difference may cause the above streaming of chloroplast towards the large starch granules. From this study, we report AR-induced physiological changes in medicinal plant Bacopa monnieri L. for the first time.展开更多
Spectral fluorescence signature, Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry and Liquid Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry for identification of chemical and bioactive compounds were applied to study the plant extracts of <...Spectral fluorescence signature, Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry and Liquid Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry for identification of chemical and bioactive compounds were applied to study the plant extracts of <em>Withania somnifera</em>, <em>Centella asiatica </em>and <em>Bacopa monnieri </em>which are related to the possible treatment of mental diseases as Alzheimer, Parkinson and Depression. These plants are known for different positive phytotherapeutic effects on the human brain without negative post-, adverse or after effects to the treated individuals, and have been recommended in several medical studies. Therefore, we selected these plants for further analysis, based on the inhibition results of <em>in vitro</em> Amyloid Beta fibrillation tests made by previous measurements. With this study a first screening of the complex plant extract mixtures was performed, to get an initial overview about known and unknown ingredients. In all three plants, similar main compounds were identified, however in different quality and quantity. These may provide substantial information on which compound combinations might be mainly responsible for the positive effects and should be further investigated being responsible for reducing the fibrillation process of Amyloid Beta.展开更多
Herbal therapy is a type of alternative or complementary medicine that uses natural ingredients to alleviate health issues including mental illness.Alzheimer's disease(AD)is a progressive neurodegenerative conditi...Herbal therapy is a type of alternative or complementary medicine that uses natural ingredients to alleviate health issues including mental illness.Alzheimer's disease(AD)is a progressive neurodegenerative condition marked by a slow loss of memory coupled with shrinkage of brain tissue,localized loss of neurons,primarily in the hippocampus and basal forebrain,and decreased levels of the central cholinergic neurotransmitter acetylcholine.Bacopa monnieri is also known as brahmi which is very well known for memory enhancer and Piper nigrum is work as bioavailability enhancer which will reduce the dose frequency and increase effectiveness on other drugs.So,this study's goal was to look at the physicochemical parameters,phytochemical characteristics,and synergistic memory enhancing effect of B.monnieri with P.nigrum a natural bioenhancer on mice with scopolamine-induced learning and memory deficits.Six group of six animal were treated respectively,once daily with ethanolic extract of B.monnieri(EEBM)(200 mg/kg),ethanolic extract of P.nigrum(EEPN)200 mg/kg,Combination of EEBM(100 mg/kg)with EEPN(100 mg/kg),donepezil 1 mg/kg via oral dosing and were given intraperitoneal(ip)injection of scopolamine 1 mg/kg daily to induce cognitive deficits.The tests for locomotor activity,stair climbing,and pole climbing were utilised to evaluate the learning and memory components.Additionally examined were dopamine,serotonin(5-HT)and other physiological elements.The results showed combination of Brahmi and black pepper shows pole climbing,actophotometer activity,staircase activity that showed better therapeutic advantages for improving mice's antiamnesic activity as compared to single extract of Brahmi.In response,the treated groups with combined extract emitted noticeably more dopamine and serotonin.When compared to illness control,the extract's ability to improve memory was highly significant(P<0.001).These findings indicate that the combination of Brahmi and black pepper improved memory and hence could serve as a viable therapeutic target for the treatment of neurodegenerative illnesses.展开更多
Objective To identify the coumarins constituents in Cnidium monnieri and classify ten samples into three groups and this helpful chemical information could be used for the further pharmacological and clinical study on...Objective To identify the coumarins constituents in Cnidium monnieri and classify ten samples into three groups and this helpful chemical information could be used for the further pharmacological and clinical study on C. monnieri. Methods Qualitative analysis of coumarins in C. monnieri was detected by UHPLC-ESI-Q-TOF/MS. Quadrupole TOF/MS in either full scan mode or extracted ion mode was used for the qualitative analysis of the constituents. Relative peak area of each component was used for the hierarchical cluster analysis. Results According to UHPLC-ESI-QTOF-MS data, chemical structures of 28 coumarins in the fruits of C. monnieri were identified, including 19 simple coumarins, seven linear coumarins, and two angular coumarins. Among these constituents, ten coumarins were firstly identified in C. monnieri. In addition, hierarchical cluster analysis suggested that C. monnieri from different regions could be classified into four groups, and this clustering was correlated to the distribution significantly, Xuzhou could be regarded as the genuine producing area. Conclusion UHPLC-ESI-Q-TOF-MS is a viable method for qualitative analysis and quality evaluation of coumarins from the fruit of C. monnieri. Coumarins in C. monnieri exists intra-species variance, which indicates significant meaning for the quality control and choice of famous region drug for C. monnieri in the clinic medication.展开更多
文摘A new angular furanocoumarin, 2′ acetylangelicin (8), along with oroselone (1), columbianadin (3), bergapten (4), O acetyl columbianetin (5), cniforin A (6), edultin (7) and β sitosterol (2), was isolated from the fruit of Cnidium monnieri. The structures were elucidated by spectral methods. Compound 1 was isolated from this plant for the first time.
文摘The aim of this study was to investigate the inhibitory effect of Cnidium monnieri fruit(CM) extracts on pulmonary inflammation induced in mice by cigarette smoke condensate(CSC) and lipopolysaccharide(LPS). Pulmonary inflammation was induced by intratracheal instillation of LPS and CSC five times within 12 days. CM extract was administered orally at a dose of 50 or 200 mg·kg-1. The number of inflammatory cells in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid was counted using a fluorescence activated cell sorter. Inflammatory mediator levels were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The administration of LPS and CSC exacerbated airway hyper-responsiveness(AHR) and induced an accumulation of inflammatory cells and mediators, and led to histological changes. However, these responses are modulated by treatment with CM, and the treatment with CM extract produces similar or more extensive results than the treatment with cyclosporin A(CSA). CM extract may have an inhibitory effect on pulmonary inflammation related with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.
基金supported by grants from the Department of Science and Technology (DST), Ministry of Science and Technology, New Delhi under order No. SR/FT/LS-163 and University with Potential for Excellence (UPE) Scheme, University Grants Commission, New Delhi
文摘Neurodegenerative diseases are the consequences of imbalance between the production of oxidative stress and its nullification by cellular defense mechanisms. Hydrogen peroxide(H_2O_2), a precursor of deleterious reactive oxygen species, elicits oxidative stress, resulting in severe brain injuries. Bacopa monnieri is well known for its nerve relaxing and memory enhancing properties. The present study was designed to evaluate the protective effects of extracts from Bacopa monnieri against H_2O_2 induced oxidative stress using a cellular model, neuroblastoma IMR32 cell line. The protective potential of methanolic, ethanolic, and water extracts of B. monnieri(BM-MEx, BM-EEx, and BM-WEx) was evaluated using MTT assay. Although, all the B. monnieri extracts were found to protect cells against H_2O_2-mediated stress but BM-MEx showed significantly greater protection. UPLC analysis of BM-MEx revealed various polyphenols, including quercetin, catechin, umbelliferone, and caffeic acid predominance. Further, BM-MEx was found to possess considerable greater neuroprotective potential in comparison to the standard polyphenols such as quercetin, catechin, umbelliferone, and caffeic acid. The levels of antioxidant enzymes were significantly elevated after the pretreatment of BM-MEx and quercetin. The expression levels of oxidative stress markers, such as NF200, HSP70, and mortalin, were significantly alleviated after the pretreatment of BM-MEx as shown by immunofluorescence and RT-PCR. In conclusion, the present study demonstrated the protective effects of BM-MEx, suggesting that it could be a candidate for the development of neuropathological therapeutics.
文摘Acid rain (AR) has been reported to induce stress in plants affecting its productivity, growth, flowering and physiology. The molecular changes induced in plants due to the effect of acid rain or acid induced orientation or chloroplast streaming remains largely unknown. Therefore, in the current study we report for the first time the static and permanent changes in the cell of the medicinal plant Bacopa monnieri L. due to sulphur-simulated acid rain (S-SiAR). AR induced effects witnessed by the reduction of the size of starch granules and chloroplast, amount of the granules per unit area, dissolving cell walls, breaking the normal fiber, salt-induced strain in the various components of the cell. Effect of starch granule and chloroplast due to S-SiAR was analyzed using light, confocal and scanning electron microscopic techniques. The elements viz. potassium and magnesium present in the chloroplasts reveal acidic pH due to effect of S-SiAR observed by the ionization of Mg and K (to Mg2+ and K+), in which K+ induced by the effects of S-SiAR revealed a net negative Nernst potential of about -87.55 mV. Calcium is mainly present on the cell walls and responsible for binding of starch granules become ionized to Ca2+ on interacting with AR indicated by the altered Nernst potential of +137.04 mV. A net potential difference may cause the above streaming of chloroplast towards the large starch granules. From this study, we report AR-induced physiological changes in medicinal plant Bacopa monnieri L. for the first time.
文摘Spectral fluorescence signature, Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry and Liquid Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry for identification of chemical and bioactive compounds were applied to study the plant extracts of <em>Withania somnifera</em>, <em>Centella asiatica </em>and <em>Bacopa monnieri </em>which are related to the possible treatment of mental diseases as Alzheimer, Parkinson and Depression. These plants are known for different positive phytotherapeutic effects on the human brain without negative post-, adverse or after effects to the treated individuals, and have been recommended in several medical studies. Therefore, we selected these plants for further analysis, based on the inhibition results of <em>in vitro</em> Amyloid Beta fibrillation tests made by previous measurements. With this study a first screening of the complex plant extract mixtures was performed, to get an initial overview about known and unknown ingredients. In all three plants, similar main compounds were identified, however in different quality and quantity. These may provide substantial information on which compound combinations might be mainly responsible for the positive effects and should be further investigated being responsible for reducing the fibrillation process of Amyloid Beta.
文摘Herbal therapy is a type of alternative or complementary medicine that uses natural ingredients to alleviate health issues including mental illness.Alzheimer's disease(AD)is a progressive neurodegenerative condition marked by a slow loss of memory coupled with shrinkage of brain tissue,localized loss of neurons,primarily in the hippocampus and basal forebrain,and decreased levels of the central cholinergic neurotransmitter acetylcholine.Bacopa monnieri is also known as brahmi which is very well known for memory enhancer and Piper nigrum is work as bioavailability enhancer which will reduce the dose frequency and increase effectiveness on other drugs.So,this study's goal was to look at the physicochemical parameters,phytochemical characteristics,and synergistic memory enhancing effect of B.monnieri with P.nigrum a natural bioenhancer on mice with scopolamine-induced learning and memory deficits.Six group of six animal were treated respectively,once daily with ethanolic extract of B.monnieri(EEBM)(200 mg/kg),ethanolic extract of P.nigrum(EEPN)200 mg/kg,Combination of EEBM(100 mg/kg)with EEPN(100 mg/kg),donepezil 1 mg/kg via oral dosing and were given intraperitoneal(ip)injection of scopolamine 1 mg/kg daily to induce cognitive deficits.The tests for locomotor activity,stair climbing,and pole climbing were utilised to evaluate the learning and memory components.Additionally examined were dopamine,serotonin(5-HT)and other physiological elements.The results showed combination of Brahmi and black pepper shows pole climbing,actophotometer activity,staircase activity that showed better therapeutic advantages for improving mice's antiamnesic activity as compared to single extract of Brahmi.In response,the treated groups with combined extract emitted noticeably more dopamine and serotonin.When compared to illness control,the extract's ability to improve memory was highly significant(P<0.001).These findings indicate that the combination of Brahmi and black pepper improved memory and hence could serve as a viable therapeutic target for the treatment of neurodegenerative illnesses.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.81202865)
文摘Objective To identify the coumarins constituents in Cnidium monnieri and classify ten samples into three groups and this helpful chemical information could be used for the further pharmacological and clinical study on C. monnieri. Methods Qualitative analysis of coumarins in C. monnieri was detected by UHPLC-ESI-Q-TOF/MS. Quadrupole TOF/MS in either full scan mode or extracted ion mode was used for the qualitative analysis of the constituents. Relative peak area of each component was used for the hierarchical cluster analysis. Results According to UHPLC-ESI-QTOF-MS data, chemical structures of 28 coumarins in the fruits of C. monnieri were identified, including 19 simple coumarins, seven linear coumarins, and two angular coumarins. Among these constituents, ten coumarins were firstly identified in C. monnieri. In addition, hierarchical cluster analysis suggested that C. monnieri from different regions could be classified into four groups, and this clustering was correlated to the distribution significantly, Xuzhou could be regarded as the genuine producing area. Conclusion UHPLC-ESI-Q-TOF-MS is a viable method for qualitative analysis and quality evaluation of coumarins from the fruit of C. monnieri. Coumarins in C. monnieri exists intra-species variance, which indicates significant meaning for the quality control and choice of famous region drug for C. monnieri in the clinic medication.
