Monetary incentives underlie academic publications,especially in countries where many researchers'incomes are performance-based.Evidence has documented that social ties improve the chances of publication in journa...Monetary incentives underlie academic publications,especially in countries where many researchers'incomes are performance-based.Evidence has documented that social ties improve the chances of publication in journals,whereas building and maintaining social ties require resources.We develop a simple model to investigate the consequences of monetary investment on the probability of publication through social ties.The results indicate that monetary incentive can stimulate researchers to make more efforts regarding publication.Through social ties,monetary investment in the process of academic publication distorts researchers'incentive.Monetary investment through social ties improves the probability of publication and then disables the signaling function of publication in terms of researchers'abilities.Depending on the contribution of different types of researchers to society and the ability of the latter to differentiate the quality of publication in journals,the improvement in publication probability by monetary investment through social ties may improve or reduce the level of social welfare.展开更多
The association between primary psychopathic traits and non-cooperative behaviors is well-identified.There is a lack of studies on how to motivate cooperative behaviors in individuals with primary psychopathic traits....The association between primary psychopathic traits and non-cooperative behaviors is well-identified.There is a lack of studies on how to motivate cooperative behaviors in individuals with primary psychopathic traits.This study investigated the effects of monetary incentives and social incentives on promoting cooperation in healthy adults with varying primary psychopathic traits.Participants played a one-shot public goods game(PGG)with other anonymous players in three different contexts:a social incentives context where participants’decisions would be judged by others,a monetary incentives context where participants’decisions would result in winning or losing money depending on their contributions,and a control condition where no additional incentives were implemented.We found that,compared to the control condition,both monetary and social incentives significantly improved participants’contributions to the public project-an indicator of cooperative behavior.However,the association between higher primary psychopathic traits and less cooperation was only observed in the context of social incentives.Computational modeling further revealed that this effect can be explained by the diminishing guilt aversion when participants deliberately violated their inferred expectations of themselves from others’perspectives.This study found that social incentives can encourage cooperative behaviors in non-clinical psychopathy,and identified the mental processes navigating this effect.展开更多
文摘Monetary incentives underlie academic publications,especially in countries where many researchers'incomes are performance-based.Evidence has documented that social ties improve the chances of publication in journals,whereas building and maintaining social ties require resources.We develop a simple model to investigate the consequences of monetary investment on the probability of publication through social ties.The results indicate that monetary incentive can stimulate researchers to make more efforts regarding publication.Through social ties,monetary investment in the process of academic publication distorts researchers'incentive.Monetary investment through social ties improves the probability of publication and then disables the signaling function of publication in terms of researchers'abilities.Depending on the contribution of different types of researchers to society and the ability of the latter to differentiate the quality of publication in journals,the improvement in publication probability by monetary investment through social ties may improve or reduce the level of social welfare.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China,Grant/Award Number:32271092 and 32130045Major Project of National Social Science Foundation,Grant/Award Number:19ZDA363。
文摘The association between primary psychopathic traits and non-cooperative behaviors is well-identified.There is a lack of studies on how to motivate cooperative behaviors in individuals with primary psychopathic traits.This study investigated the effects of monetary incentives and social incentives on promoting cooperation in healthy adults with varying primary psychopathic traits.Participants played a one-shot public goods game(PGG)with other anonymous players in three different contexts:a social incentives context where participants’decisions would be judged by others,a monetary incentives context where participants’decisions would result in winning or losing money depending on their contributions,and a control condition where no additional incentives were implemented.We found that,compared to the control condition,both monetary and social incentives significantly improved participants’contributions to the public project-an indicator of cooperative behavior.However,the association between higher primary psychopathic traits and less cooperation was only observed in the context of social incentives.Computational modeling further revealed that this effect can be explained by the diminishing guilt aversion when participants deliberately violated their inferred expectations of themselves from others’perspectives.This study found that social incentives can encourage cooperative behaviors in non-clinical psychopathy,and identified the mental processes navigating this effect.
