Smart generators that collect energy from the ambient environment are a new approach for meeting growing global energy needs.Moisture is one of the most abundant resources in the ambient environment,and using it to ge...Smart generators that collect energy from the ambient environment are a new approach for meeting growing global energy needs.Moisture is one of the most abundant resources in the ambient environment,and using it to generate electricity has aroused great interest in recent years.In this review,we first summarize the emerging design principles of moisture power generation,including ion diffusion,streaming potential,and charged surface potential.Then,based on these fundamental principles,we systematically summarize the materials thus far known to be suitable for moisture power generation.Finally,we highlight the application of moisture energy generators in various fields,such as thermoelectricity,solar thermal evaporation,capacitors,strain sensors,and information storage,and discuss current challenges and future prospects for the development of moisture energy generators.展开更多
Atmospheric water,as one of the most abundant natural resources on Earth,has attracted huge research interest in the field of water harvesting and energy harvesting and conversion owing its environmental friendliness ...Atmospheric water,as one of the most abundant natural resources on Earth,has attracted huge research interest in the field of water harvesting and energy harvesting and conversion owing its environmental friendliness and easy access.The developments of new materials have seen advanced technologies that can extract water and energy out of this long-neglected resource,suggesting a promising and sustainable approach to address the water and energy crises over the world.Carbon-based functional materials have been considered to be indispensable materials for atmospheric water utilization due to their large surface area,excellent adsorption performance,and higher surface activity.In this review,first,we analyze the interaction between carbon-based functional materials and atmospheric water molecular.Then,technologies developed in recent years for atmospheric water utilization based on carbon-based functional materials are reviewed,mainly focusing on atmospheric water harvesting,moisture-enabled electricity generation,and moisture-responsive actuation.Finally,the remaining challenges and some tentative suggestions possibly guiding developments are proposed,which may pave a way for a bright future of carbon-based functional material in the utilization of atmospheric water.展开更多
基金This work has been supported by the Chang Jiang Scholars Program and the Innovation Program of Shanghai Municipal Education Commission(2019-01-07-00-03-E00023)to Prof.Xiaohong QinYoung Elite Scientists Sponsorship Program by CAST to Prof.Liming Wang+1 种基金Shanghai Pujiang Program(21PJ1400200)to Prof.Dongxiao JiDHU Distinguished Young Professor Program to Prof.Liming Wang and Prof.Dongxiao Ji.
文摘Smart generators that collect energy from the ambient environment are a new approach for meeting growing global energy needs.Moisture is one of the most abundant resources in the ambient environment,and using it to generate electricity has aroused great interest in recent years.In this review,we first summarize the emerging design principles of moisture power generation,including ion diffusion,streaming potential,and charged surface potential.Then,based on these fundamental principles,we systematically summarize the materials thus far known to be suitable for moisture power generation.Finally,we highlight the application of moisture energy generators in various fields,such as thermoelectricity,solar thermal evaporation,capacitors,strain sensors,and information storage,and discuss current challenges and future prospects for the development of moisture energy generators.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.52022051,22035005,22075165,52090032,and 52073159)Tsinghua-Foshan Innovation Special Fund(No.2020THFS0501).
文摘Atmospheric water,as one of the most abundant natural resources on Earth,has attracted huge research interest in the field of water harvesting and energy harvesting and conversion owing its environmental friendliness and easy access.The developments of new materials have seen advanced technologies that can extract water and energy out of this long-neglected resource,suggesting a promising and sustainable approach to address the water and energy crises over the world.Carbon-based functional materials have been considered to be indispensable materials for atmospheric water utilization due to their large surface area,excellent adsorption performance,and higher surface activity.In this review,first,we analyze the interaction between carbon-based functional materials and atmospheric water molecular.Then,technologies developed in recent years for atmospheric water utilization based on carbon-based functional materials are reviewed,mainly focusing on atmospheric water harvesting,moisture-enabled electricity generation,and moisture-responsive actuation.Finally,the remaining challenges and some tentative suggestions possibly guiding developments are proposed,which may pave a way for a bright future of carbon-based functional material in the utilization of atmospheric water.
