The challenge of transitioning from temporary humanitarian settlements to more sustainable human settlements is due to a significant increase in the number of forcibly displaced people over recent decades, difficultie...The challenge of transitioning from temporary humanitarian settlements to more sustainable human settlements is due to a significant increase in the number of forcibly displaced people over recent decades, difficulties in providing social services that meet the required standards, and the prolongation of emergencies. Despite this challenging context, short-term considerations continue to guide their planning and management rather than more integrated, longer-term perspectives, thus preventing viable, sustainable development. Over the years, the design of humanitarian settlements has not been adapted to local contexts and perspectives, nor to the dynamics of urbanization and population growth and data. In addition, the current approach to temporary settlement harms the environment and can strain limited resources. Inefficient land use and ad hoc development models have compounded difficulties and generated new challenges. As a result, living conditions in settlements have deteriorated over the last few decades and continue to pose new challenges. The stakes are such that major shortcomings have emerged along the way, leading to disruption, budget overruns in a context marked by a steady decline in funding. However, some attempts have been made to shift towards more sustainable approaches, but these have mainly focused on vague, sector-oriented themes, failing to consider systematic and integration views. This study is a contribution in addressing these shortcomings by designing a model-driving solution, emphasizing an integrated system conceptualized as a system of systems. This paper proposes a new methodology for designing an integrated and sustainable human settlement model, based on Model-Based Systems Engineering and a Systems Modeling Language to provide valuable insights toward sustainable solutions for displaced populations aligning with the United Nations 2030 agenda for sustainable development.展开更多
With the continuous advancement and maturation of technologies such as big data,artificial intelligence,virtual reality,robotics,human-machine collaboration,and augmented reality,many enterprises are finding new avenu...With the continuous advancement and maturation of technologies such as big data,artificial intelligence,virtual reality,robotics,human-machine collaboration,and augmented reality,many enterprises are finding new avenues for digital transformation and intelligent upgrading.Industry 5.0,a further extension and development of Industry 4.0,has become an important development trend in industry with more emphasis on human-centered sustainability and flexibility.Accordingly,both the industrial metaverse and digital twins have attracted much attention in this new era.However,the relationship between them is not clear enough.In this paper,a comparison between digital twins and the metaverse in industry is made firstly.Then,we propose the concept and framework of Digital Twin Systems Engineering(DTSE)to demonstrate how digital twins support the industrial metaverse in the era of Industry 5.0 by integrating systems engineering principles.Furthermore,we discuss the key technologies and challenges of DTSE,in particular how artificial intelligence enhances the application of DTSE.Finally,a specific application scenario in the aviation field is presented to illustrate the application prospects of DTSE.展开更多
Disasters and other emergency events have complex effects on human systems,particularly if the events are severe or prolonged.When these types of events happen in rural communities,the resources of the local public he...Disasters and other emergency events have complex effects on human systems,particularly if the events are severe or prolonged.When these types of events happen in rural communities,the resources of the local public health,healthcare,and emergency response organizations can be quickly depleted or overwhelmed.Planning for emergencies can help to mitigate their impact.Model-based systems engineering(MBSE)methods,including computer simulations,can provide insight on how best to prepare for these events and to explore the effects of varying approaches and resource utilization.To best apply these methods for improving disaster management in rural settings,a synthesis of the current body of evidence in this field is needed.The objective of this scoping review was to provide a descriptive overview of the application of computer simulation based on MBSE approaches to disaster preparedness and response for rural healthcare systems.Six studies met inclusion criteria,and varied in terms of MBSE method used,healthcare setting,and disaster type and context considered.We identified a gap in the research regarding the application of MBSE approaches to support rural healthcare disaster preparedness planning efforts.Model-based systems engineering and systems thinking,therefore,represent novel methods for developing tools and computational simulations that could assist rural communities better prepare for disasters.展开更多
Radiative cooling systems(RCSs)possess the distinctive capability to dissipate heat energy via solar and thermal radiation,making them suitable for thermal regulation and energy conservation applications,essential for...Radiative cooling systems(RCSs)possess the distinctive capability to dissipate heat energy via solar and thermal radiation,making them suitable for thermal regulation and energy conservation applications,essential for mitigating the energy crisis.A comprehensive review connecting the advancements in engineered radiative cooling systems(ERCSs),encompassing material and structural design as well as thermal and energy-related applications,is currently absent.Herein,this review begins with a concise summary of the essential concepts of ERCSs,followed by an introduction to engineered materials and structures,containing nature-inspired designs,chromatic materials,meta-structural configurations,and multilayered constructions.It subsequently encapsulates the primary applications,including thermal-regulating textiles and energy-saving devices.Next,it highlights the challenges of ERCSs,including maximized thermoregulatory effects,environmental adaptability,scalability and sustainability,and interdisciplinary integration.It seeks to offer direction for forthcoming fundamental research and industrial advancement of radiative cooling systems in real-world applications.展开更多
To improve the computational efficiency and accuracy of multi-objective reliability estimation for aerospace engineering structural systems,the Intelligent Vectorial Surrogate Modeling(IVSM)concept is presented by fus...To improve the computational efficiency and accuracy of multi-objective reliability estimation for aerospace engineering structural systems,the Intelligent Vectorial Surrogate Modeling(IVSM)concept is presented by fusing the compact support region,surrogate modeling methods,matrix theory,and Bayesian optimization strategy.In this concept,the compact support region is employed to select effective modeling samples;the surrogate modeling methods are employed to establish a functional relationship between input variables and output responses;the matrix theory is adopted to establish the vector and cell arrays of modeling parameters and synchronously determine multi-objective limit state functions;the Bayesian optimization strategy is utilized to search for the optimal hyperparameters for modeling.Under this concept,the Intelligent Vectorial Neural Network(IVNN)method is proposed based on deep neural network to realize the reliability analysis of multi-objective aerospace engineering structural systems synchronously.The multioutput response function approximation problem and two engineering application cases(i.e.,landing gear brake system temperature and aeroengine turbine blisk multi-failures)are used to verify the applicability of IVNN method.The results indicate that the proposed approach holds advantages in modeling properties and simulation performances.The efforts of this paper can offer a valuable reference for the improvement of multi-objective reliability assessment theory.展开更多
Model-based system-of-systems(SOS)engineering(MBSoSE)is becoming a promising solution for the design of SoS with increasing complexity.However,bridging the models from the design phase to the simulation phase poses si...Model-based system-of-systems(SOS)engineering(MBSoSE)is becoming a promising solution for the design of SoS with increasing complexity.However,bridging the models from the design phase to the simulation phase poses significant challenges and requires an integrated approach.In this study,a unified requirement modeling approach is proposed based on unified architecture framework(UAF).Theoretical models are proposed which compose formalized descriptions from both topdown and bottom-up perspectives.Based on the description,the UAF profile is proposed to represent the SoS mission and constituent systems(CS)goal.Moreover,the agent-based simulation information is also described based on the overview,design concepts,and details(ODD)protocol as the complement part of the SoS profile,which can be transformed into different simulation platforms based on the eXtensible markup language(XML)technology and model-to-text method.In this way,the design of the SoS is simulated automatically in the early design stage.Finally,the method is implemented and an example is given to illustrate the whole process.展开更多
The paper presents a discussion on the emergence and development of metallurgical systems engineering on the account of the history and development of modern metallurgy. The contents, characteristics, methodology and ...The paper presents a discussion on the emergence and development of metallurgical systems engineering on the account of the history and development of modern metallurgy. The contents, characteristics, methodology and applications of metallurgical systems engineering are also addressed.展开更多
In the Engine CAD application system engineering database management system (ECAD-EDBMS) is the kernel. ECAD-EDBMS can manage and process the multimedia such as graphics, data, text, sound, image and video. It provide...In the Engine CAD application system engineering database management system (ECAD-EDBMS) is the kernel. ECAD-EDBMS can manage and process the multimedia such as graphics, data, text, sound, image and video. It provides the integrated environment and more functions for many subsystems of ECAD and engine designers. So it improves the design efficiency.展开更多
The integration of artificial intelligence into the development and production of mechatronic products offers a substantial opportunity to enhance efficiency, adaptability, and system performance. This paper examines ...The integration of artificial intelligence into the development and production of mechatronic products offers a substantial opportunity to enhance efficiency, adaptability, and system performance. This paper examines the utilization of reinforcement learning as a control strategy, with a particular focus on its deployment in pivotal stages of the product development lifecycle, specifically between system architecture and system integration and verification. A controller based on reinforcement learning was developed and evaluated in comparison to traditional proportional-integral controllers in dynamic and fault-prone environments. The results illustrate the superior adaptability, stability, and optimization potential of the reinforcement learning approach, particularly in addressing dynamic disturbances and ensuring robust performance. The study illustrates how reinforcement learning can facilitate the transition from conceptual design to implementation by automating optimization processes, enabling interface automation, and enhancing system-level testing. Based on the aforementioned findings, this paper presents future directions for research, which include the integration of domain-specific knowledge into the reinforcement learning process and the validation of this process in real-world environments. The results underscore the potential of artificial intelligence-driven methodologies to revolutionize the design and deployment of intelligent mechatronic systems.展开更多
Systems hosting flat bands offer a powerful platform for exploring strong correlation physics.Theoretically,topological degeneracy arising in systems with non-trivial topological orders on periodic manifolds of non-ze...Systems hosting flat bands offer a powerful platform for exploring strong correlation physics.Theoretically,topological degeneracy arising in systems with non-trivial topological orders on periodic manifolds of non-zero genus can generate ideal flat bands.However,experimental realization of such geometrically engineered systems is very difficult.In this work,we demonstrate that flat planes with strategically patterned hole defects can engineer ideal flat bands.We construct two families of models:singular flat band systems where degeneracy is stabilized by non-contractible loop excitations tied to hole defects and perfectly nested van Hove systems where degeneracy arises from line excitations in momentum space.These models circumvent the need for exotic manifolds while retaining the essential features of topological flat bands.By directly linking defect engineering to degeneracy mechanisms,our results establish a scalable framework for experimentally accessible flat band design.展开更多
The health of cropland systems is directly related to the degree of food security guarantee,and the‘quantity-quality-ecology as a whole’protection is of great significance for maintaining the health of cropland syst...The health of cropland systems is directly related to the degree of food security guarantee,and the‘quantity-quality-ecology as a whole’protection is of great significance for maintaining the health of cropland systems.Taking the typical black soil region in Northeast China(TBSN)as an example,this paper combined the concept of‘quantity-quality-ecology as a whole’protection with crop-land systems health,constructed a health assessment model for cropland systems,and used Google Earth Engine to conduct a quantitat-ive analysis of the temporal and spatial evolution of cropland systems health in TBSN during 2003–2023.By coupling the geographical detector and the Multi-scale Geographically Weighted Regression(MGWR)model,the driving factors of cropland health changes were explored.The study finds that during the research period,the health status of cropland systems in TBSN showed a slight downward trend,and the distribution pattern of cropland systems health gradually shifted from‘better in the east’to‘high in the northeast and low in the southwest’.Changes in average annual sunshine duration,relative humidity,and precipitation had a significant impact on the spa-tial differentiation of cropland systems health in the early stages,and were considered as dominant factors.Meanwhile,the influence of dual dominant factors in the natural environment on cropland systems health is increasing.Furthermore,the MGWR model performed better in revealing the complex relationships between natural and social factors and changes in cropland systems health,demonstrating the significant spatial heterogeneity of the impacts of natural environment and human activities on cropland systems health.The re-search can provide scientific guidance for the sustainable development of TBSN and formulate more precise and effective cropland pro-tection policies.展开更多
In this paper, the control of a two-time-scale plant, where the sensor is connected to a linear controller/ actuator via a network is addressed. The slow and fast systems of singularly perturbed systems are used to pr...In this paper, the control of a two-time-scale plant, where the sensor is connected to a linear controller/ actuator via a network is addressed. The slow and fast systems of singularly perturbed systems are used to produce an estimate of the plant state behavior between transmission times, by which one can reduce the usage of the network. The approximate solutions of the whole systems are derived and it is shown that the whole systems via the network control are generally asymptotically stable as long as their slow and fast systems are both stable. These results are also extended to the case of network delay.展开更多
The rock mass engineering system （RMES） basically consists ofrock mass engineering （RME）, water system and surroundingecological environments, etc. The RMES is characterized by nonlinearity,occurrence of chaos and...The rock mass engineering system （RMES） basically consists ofrock mass engineering （RME）, water system and surroundingecological environments, etc. The RMES is characterized by nonlinearity,occurrence of chaos and self-organization （Tazaka, 1998;Tsuda, 1998; Kishida, 2000）. From construction to abandonmentof RME, the RMES will experience four stages, i.e. initial phase,development phase, declining phase and failure phase. In thiscircumstance, the RMES boundary conditions, structural safetyand surrounding environments are varied at each phase, so arethe evolution characteristics and disasters （Wang et al., 2014）.展开更多
This is an overview of the development of process systems engineering (PSE) in a smaller world. Two different spatio-temporal scopes are identified for microscale and nanoscale process systems. The features and challe...This is an overview of the development of process systems engineering (PSE) in a smaller world. Two different spatio-temporal scopes are identified for microscale and nanoscale process systems. The features and challenges for each scale are reviewed, and different methodologies used by them discussed. Comparison of these two new areas with traditional process systems engineering is described. If microscale PSE could be considered as an extension of traditional PSE, nanoscale PSE should be accepted as a new discipline which has looser connection with the extant core of chemical engineering. Since "molecular factories" is the next frontier of processing scale, nanoscale PSE will be the new theory to handle the design, simulation and operation of those active processing systems.展开更多
Systems science and systems engineering, as a new science and technology domain in modern science and technology, is developing rapidly, and showing greater and greater vitality. QIAN Xuesen is recognized as the pione...Systems science and systems engineering, as a new science and technology domain in modern science and technology, is developing rapidly, and showing greater and greater vitality. QIAN Xuesen is recognized as the pioneer and founder of systems science and systems engineering in China. His whole innovation process from systems thinking to systems practice has made pioneering contributions at different levels from engineering, technology, science to philosophy. These achievements and contributions have very important scientific value and practical significance. Presenting QIAN Xuesen's contribution in systems science and practice, this paper elaborates the development and application of systems science and systems engineering.展开更多
Space robots possess unique distinguishing features unlike general robots on earth, due to the particular environments in space. The developing of various practical space robots promoting the improvement of space scie...Space robots possess unique distinguishing features unlike general robots on earth, due to the particular environments in space. The developing of various practical space robots promoting the improvement of space science and technology is a complex man-machine-environment engineering problem. This paper analyses from the systems engineering viewpoint the space robot system in the scope of the architecture of robotics discipline, space environment characteristics, man-machine-environment system of space robots, the general methodology of project systems engineering and the process of space robot systems engineering.展开更多
The definitions, methodology, applications, and perspectives of process system engineering are discussed from a strategic point of view. The focal points in future development of process systems engineering are to bre...The definitions, methodology, applications, and perspectives of process system engineering are discussed from a strategic point of view. The focal points in future development of process systems engineering are to break through in methodology, to expand application fields, and to develop a new generation of process simulation systems.展开更多
The immune checkpoint blockade has revolutionized cancer treatment.However,not all cancer types are susceptible to this therapy.Even in melanoma,one of the best scenario,about half of the patients do not respond to im...The immune checkpoint blockade has revolutionized cancer treatment.However,not all cancer types are susceptible to this therapy.Even in melanoma,one of the best scenario,about half of the patients do not respond to immune checkpoint blockade.Since CD8+T cell is the main driving force behind cancer elimination,then having a complete and competent T cell repertoire to cover all possible cancer antigens expressed by cancer cells should be a determining factor to the success of this therapy.Conversely,if there are'holes'in patients’T cell repertoire and/or'weak spots'manifested as functional dysregulation or exhaustion on T cells specific to a set of cancer antigens that dominantly expressed by cancer cells,cancer immune escape is inevitable.However,these two types of cancer immune escape might need different treatment strategies:the first group with'holes'in the T cell repertoire,whether the'holes'are taking on a form of missing T cells to cover these cancer antigens or missing high-affinity TCRs that are known to be more sensitive to antigen stimulation,would be benefited from TCR re-directed adoptive cell transfer(ACT)therapy;the other group with T cell repertoire'weak spots'would be benefited from immune checkpoint blockade alone or in combination with additional stimulatory factors such as cytokines and peptide vaccine.In the past decade,we have developed several tools to profile the T cell repertoire from T cell receptor diversity to T cell receptor affinity to high-throughput linking antigen specificity to single T cell receptor sequences in large scale.In this talk,I will first introduce these tools and then give examples on how we use them to answer some of the fundamental questions in systems immunology with a focus on cancer immunology,which in turn help us design new therapeutics immune engineering.展开更多
文摘The challenge of transitioning from temporary humanitarian settlements to more sustainable human settlements is due to a significant increase in the number of forcibly displaced people over recent decades, difficulties in providing social services that meet the required standards, and the prolongation of emergencies. Despite this challenging context, short-term considerations continue to guide their planning and management rather than more integrated, longer-term perspectives, thus preventing viable, sustainable development. Over the years, the design of humanitarian settlements has not been adapted to local contexts and perspectives, nor to the dynamics of urbanization and population growth and data. In addition, the current approach to temporary settlement harms the environment and can strain limited resources. Inefficient land use and ad hoc development models have compounded difficulties and generated new challenges. As a result, living conditions in settlements have deteriorated over the last few decades and continue to pose new challenges. The stakes are such that major shortcomings have emerged along the way, leading to disruption, budget overruns in a context marked by a steady decline in funding. However, some attempts have been made to shift towards more sustainable approaches, but these have mainly focused on vague, sector-oriented themes, failing to consider systematic and integration views. This study is a contribution in addressing these shortcomings by designing a model-driving solution, emphasizing an integrated system conceptualized as a system of systems. This paper proposes a new methodology for designing an integrated and sustainable human settlement model, based on Model-Based Systems Engineering and a Systems Modeling Language to provide valuable insights toward sustainable solutions for displaced populations aligning with the United Nations 2030 agenda for sustainable development.
基金Supported by Beijing Municipal Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.24JL002)China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(Grant No.2024M754054)+2 种基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.52120105008)Beijing Municipal Outstanding Young Scientis Program of Chinathe New Cornerstone Science Foundation through the XPLORER PRIZE。
文摘With the continuous advancement and maturation of technologies such as big data,artificial intelligence,virtual reality,robotics,human-machine collaboration,and augmented reality,many enterprises are finding new avenues for digital transformation and intelligent upgrading.Industry 5.0,a further extension and development of Industry 4.0,has become an important development trend in industry with more emphasis on human-centered sustainability and flexibility.Accordingly,both the industrial metaverse and digital twins have attracted much attention in this new era.However,the relationship between them is not clear enough.In this paper,a comparison between digital twins and the metaverse in industry is made firstly.Then,we propose the concept and framework of Digital Twin Systems Engineering(DTSE)to demonstrate how digital twins support the industrial metaverse in the era of Industry 5.0 by integrating systems engineering principles.Furthermore,we discuss the key technologies and challenges of DTSE,in particular how artificial intelligence enhances the application of DTSE.Finally,a specific application scenario in the aviation field is presented to illustrate the application prospects of DTSE.
基金the financial support from UTK for selecting Ms.Marino for the Undergraduate Summer Research Award,which provided summer stipend and professional development opportunities
文摘Disasters and other emergency events have complex effects on human systems,particularly if the events are severe or prolonged.When these types of events happen in rural communities,the resources of the local public health,healthcare,and emergency response organizations can be quickly depleted or overwhelmed.Planning for emergencies can help to mitigate their impact.Model-based systems engineering(MBSE)methods,including computer simulations,can provide insight on how best to prepare for these events and to explore the effects of varying approaches and resource utilization.To best apply these methods for improving disaster management in rural settings,a synthesis of the current body of evidence in this field is needed.The objective of this scoping review was to provide a descriptive overview of the application of computer simulation based on MBSE approaches to disaster preparedness and response for rural healthcare systems.Six studies met inclusion criteria,and varied in terms of MBSE method used,healthcare setting,and disaster type and context considered.We identified a gap in the research regarding the application of MBSE approaches to support rural healthcare disaster preparedness planning efforts.Model-based systems engineering and systems thinking,therefore,represent novel methods for developing tools and computational simulations that could assist rural communities better prepare for disasters.
基金support from the Contract Research(“Development of Breathable Fabrics with Nano-Electrospun Membrane”,CityU ref.:9231419“Research and application of antibacterial and healing-promoting smart nanofiber dressing for children’s burn wounds”,CityU ref:PJ9240111)+1 种基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(“Study of Multi-Responsive Shape Memory Polyurethane Nanocomposites Inspired by Natural Fibers”,Grant No.51673162)Startup Grant of CityU(“Laboratory of Wearable Materials for Healthcare”,Grant No.9380116).
文摘Radiative cooling systems(RCSs)possess the distinctive capability to dissipate heat energy via solar and thermal radiation,making them suitable for thermal regulation and energy conservation applications,essential for mitigating the energy crisis.A comprehensive review connecting the advancements in engineered radiative cooling systems(ERCSs),encompassing material and structural design as well as thermal and energy-related applications,is currently absent.Herein,this review begins with a concise summary of the essential concepts of ERCSs,followed by an introduction to engineered materials and structures,containing nature-inspired designs,chromatic materials,meta-structural configurations,and multilayered constructions.It subsequently encapsulates the primary applications,including thermal-regulating textiles and energy-saving devices.Next,it highlights the challenges of ERCSs,including maximized thermoregulatory effects,environmental adaptability,scalability and sustainability,and interdisciplinary integration.It seeks to offer direction for forthcoming fundamental research and industrial advancement of radiative cooling systems in real-world applications.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.51875465)the Shaanxi Province Postdoctoral Research Project Funding,Innovation Foundation for Doctor Dissertation of Northwestern Polytechnical University(No.CX2023002)+1 种基金the Civil Aircraft Scientific Research Projectthe Fund of Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Civil Aircraft Health Monitoring(No.GCZX-2022-01).
文摘To improve the computational efficiency and accuracy of multi-objective reliability estimation for aerospace engineering structural systems,the Intelligent Vectorial Surrogate Modeling(IVSM)concept is presented by fusing the compact support region,surrogate modeling methods,matrix theory,and Bayesian optimization strategy.In this concept,the compact support region is employed to select effective modeling samples;the surrogate modeling methods are employed to establish a functional relationship between input variables and output responses;the matrix theory is adopted to establish the vector and cell arrays of modeling parameters and synchronously determine multi-objective limit state functions;the Bayesian optimization strategy is utilized to search for the optimal hyperparameters for modeling.Under this concept,the Intelligent Vectorial Neural Network(IVNN)method is proposed based on deep neural network to realize the reliability analysis of multi-objective aerospace engineering structural systems synchronously.The multioutput response function approximation problem and two engineering application cases(i.e.,landing gear brake system temperature and aeroengine turbine blisk multi-failures)are used to verify the applicability of IVNN method.The results indicate that the proposed approach holds advantages in modeling properties and simulation performances.The efforts of this paper can offer a valuable reference for the improvement of multi-objective reliability assessment theory.
基金Fifth Electronic Research Institute of the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology(HK07202200877)Pre-research Project on Civil Aerospace Technologies of CNSA(D020101)+2 种基金Zhejiang Provincial Science and Technology Plan Project(2022C01052)Frontier Scientific Research Program of Deep Space Exploration Laboratory(2022-QYKYJHHXYF-018,2022-QYKYJH-GCXD-001)Zhiyuan Laboratory(ZYL2024001)。
文摘Model-based system-of-systems(SOS)engineering(MBSoSE)is becoming a promising solution for the design of SoS with increasing complexity.However,bridging the models from the design phase to the simulation phase poses significant challenges and requires an integrated approach.In this study,a unified requirement modeling approach is proposed based on unified architecture framework(UAF).Theoretical models are proposed which compose formalized descriptions from both topdown and bottom-up perspectives.Based on the description,the UAF profile is proposed to represent the SoS mission and constituent systems(CS)goal.Moreover,the agent-based simulation information is also described based on the overview,design concepts,and details(ODD)protocol as the complement part of the SoS profile,which can be transformed into different simulation platforms based on the eXtensible markup language(XML)technology and model-to-text method.In this way,the design of the SoS is simulated automatically in the early design stage.Finally,the method is implemented and an example is given to illustrate the whole process.
文摘The paper presents a discussion on the emergence and development of metallurgical systems engineering on the account of the history and development of modern metallurgy. The contents, characteristics, methodology and applications of metallurgical systems engineering are also addressed.
文摘In the Engine CAD application system engineering database management system (ECAD-EDBMS) is the kernel. ECAD-EDBMS can manage and process the multimedia such as graphics, data, text, sound, image and video. It provides the integrated environment and more functions for many subsystems of ECAD and engine designers. So it improves the design efficiency.
文摘The integration of artificial intelligence into the development and production of mechatronic products offers a substantial opportunity to enhance efficiency, adaptability, and system performance. This paper examines the utilization of reinforcement learning as a control strategy, with a particular focus on its deployment in pivotal stages of the product development lifecycle, specifically between system architecture and system integration and verification. A controller based on reinforcement learning was developed and evaluated in comparison to traditional proportional-integral controllers in dynamic and fault-prone environments. The results illustrate the superior adaptability, stability, and optimization potential of the reinforcement learning approach, particularly in addressing dynamic disturbances and ensuring robust performance. The study illustrates how reinforcement learning can facilitate the transition from conceptual design to implementation by automating optimization processes, enabling interface automation, and enhancing system-level testing. Based on the aforementioned findings, this paper presents future directions for research, which include the integration of domain-specific knowledge into the reinforcement learning process and the validation of this process in real-world environments. The results underscore the potential of artificial intelligence-driven methodologies to revolutionize the design and deployment of intelligent mechatronic systems.
基金supported by the Ministry of Science and Technology(Grant No.2022YFA1403901)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.12494594,11888101,12174428,and 12504192)+2 种基金the Strategic Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(Grant No.XDB28000000)the New Cornerstone Investigator Program,the Chinese Academy of Sciences through the Youth Innovation Promotion Association(Grant No.2022YSBR-048)the Shanghai Science and Technology Innovation Action Plan(Grant No.24LZ1400800).
文摘Systems hosting flat bands offer a powerful platform for exploring strong correlation physics.Theoretically,topological degeneracy arising in systems with non-trivial topological orders on periodic manifolds of non-zero genus can generate ideal flat bands.However,experimental realization of such geometrically engineered systems is very difficult.In this work,we demonstrate that flat planes with strategically patterned hole defects can engineer ideal flat bands.We construct two families of models:singular flat band systems where degeneracy is stabilized by non-contractible loop excitations tied to hole defects and perfectly nested van Hove systems where degeneracy arises from line excitations in momentum space.These models circumvent the need for exotic manifolds while retaining the essential features of topological flat bands.By directly linking defect engineering to degeneracy mechanisms,our results establish a scalable framework for experimentally accessible flat band design.
基金Under the auspices of National Natural Science Foundation Youth Fund Project(No.41701424)Open Research Fund of State Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing Science(No.OFSLRSS201716)+1 种基金Jilin Province Science and Technology Development Plan Project(No.20240701167FG)Science and Technology Research Project of Education Department of Jilin Province(No.JJKH20230502KJ)。
文摘The health of cropland systems is directly related to the degree of food security guarantee,and the‘quantity-quality-ecology as a whole’protection is of great significance for maintaining the health of cropland systems.Taking the typical black soil region in Northeast China(TBSN)as an example,this paper combined the concept of‘quantity-quality-ecology as a whole’protection with crop-land systems health,constructed a health assessment model for cropland systems,and used Google Earth Engine to conduct a quantitat-ive analysis of the temporal and spatial evolution of cropland systems health in TBSN during 2003–2023.By coupling the geographical detector and the Multi-scale Geographically Weighted Regression(MGWR)model,the driving factors of cropland health changes were explored.The study finds that during the research period,the health status of cropland systems in TBSN showed a slight downward trend,and the distribution pattern of cropland systems health gradually shifted from‘better in the east’to‘high in the northeast and low in the southwest’.Changes in average annual sunshine duration,relative humidity,and precipitation had a significant impact on the spa-tial differentiation of cropland systems health in the early stages,and were considered as dominant factors.Meanwhile,the influence of dual dominant factors in the natural environment on cropland systems health is increasing.Furthermore,the MGWR model performed better in revealing the complex relationships between natural and social factors and changes in cropland systems health,demonstrating the significant spatial heterogeneity of the impacts of natural environment and human activities on cropland systems health.The re-search can provide scientific guidance for the sustainable development of TBSN and formulate more precise and effective cropland pro-tection policies.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 10671069, 60674046)
文摘In this paper, the control of a two-time-scale plant, where the sensor is connected to a linear controller/ actuator via a network is addressed. The slow and fast systems of singularly perturbed systems are used to produce an estimate of the plant state behavior between transmission times, by which one can reduce the usage of the network. The approximate solutions of the whole systems are derived and it is shown that the whole systems via the network control are generally asymptotically stable as long as their slow and fast systems are both stable. These results are also extended to the case of network delay.
基金funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.51274110,51304108,U1361211)
文摘The rock mass engineering system （RMES） basically consists ofrock mass engineering （RME）, water system and surroundingecological environments, etc. The RMES is characterized by nonlinearity,occurrence of chaos and self-organization （Tazaka, 1998;Tsuda, 1998; Kishida, 2000）. From construction to abandonmentof RME, the RMES will experience four stages, i.e. initial phase,development phase, declining phase and failure phase. In thiscircumstance, the RMES boundary conditions, structural safetyand surrounding environments are varied at each phase, so arethe evolution characteristics and disasters （Wang et al., 2014）.
文摘This is an overview of the development of process systems engineering (PSE) in a smaller world. Two different spatio-temporal scopes are identified for microscale and nanoscale process systems. The features and challenges for each scale are reviewed, and different methodologies used by them discussed. Comparison of these two new areas with traditional process systems engineering is described. If microscale PSE could be considered as an extension of traditional PSE, nanoscale PSE should be accepted as a new discipline which has looser connection with the extant core of chemical engineering. Since "molecular factories" is the next frontier of processing scale, nanoscale PSE will be the new theory to handle the design, simulation and operation of those active processing systems.
文摘Systems science and systems engineering, as a new science and technology domain in modern science and technology, is developing rapidly, and showing greater and greater vitality. QIAN Xuesen is recognized as the pioneer and founder of systems science and systems engineering in China. His whole innovation process from systems thinking to systems practice has made pioneering contributions at different levels from engineering, technology, science to philosophy. These achievements and contributions have very important scientific value and practical significance. Presenting QIAN Xuesen's contribution in systems science and practice, this paper elaborates the development and application of systems science and systems engineering.
文摘Space robots possess unique distinguishing features unlike general robots on earth, due to the particular environments in space. The developing of various practical space robots promoting the improvement of space science and technology is a complex man-machine-environment engineering problem. This paper analyses from the systems engineering viewpoint the space robot system in the scope of the architecture of robotics discipline, space environment characteristics, man-machine-environment system of space robots, the general methodology of project systems engineering and the process of space robot systems engineering.
文摘The definitions, methodology, applications, and perspectives of process system engineering are discussed from a strategic point of view. The focal points in future development of process systems engineering are to break through in methodology, to expand application fields, and to develop a new generation of process simulation systems.
文摘The immune checkpoint blockade has revolutionized cancer treatment.However,not all cancer types are susceptible to this therapy.Even in melanoma,one of the best scenario,about half of the patients do not respond to immune checkpoint blockade.Since CD8+T cell is the main driving force behind cancer elimination,then having a complete and competent T cell repertoire to cover all possible cancer antigens expressed by cancer cells should be a determining factor to the success of this therapy.Conversely,if there are'holes'in patients’T cell repertoire and/or'weak spots'manifested as functional dysregulation or exhaustion on T cells specific to a set of cancer antigens that dominantly expressed by cancer cells,cancer immune escape is inevitable.However,these two types of cancer immune escape might need different treatment strategies:the first group with'holes'in the T cell repertoire,whether the'holes'are taking on a form of missing T cells to cover these cancer antigens or missing high-affinity TCRs that are known to be more sensitive to antigen stimulation,would be benefited from TCR re-directed adoptive cell transfer(ACT)therapy;the other group with T cell repertoire'weak spots'would be benefited from immune checkpoint blockade alone or in combination with additional stimulatory factors such as cytokines and peptide vaccine.In the past decade,we have developed several tools to profile the T cell repertoire from T cell receptor diversity to T cell receptor affinity to high-throughput linking antigen specificity to single T cell receptor sequences in large scale.In this talk,I will first introduce these tools and then give examples on how we use them to answer some of the fundamental questions in systems immunology with a focus on cancer immunology,which in turn help us design new therapeutics immune engineering.
