A novel groove-type channel enhancement-mode AlGaN/GaN MIS high electron mobility transistor（GTCE-HEMT）with a combined polar and nonpolar AlGaN/GaN heterostucture is presented. The device simulation shows a threshol...A novel groove-type channel enhancement-mode AlGaN/GaN MIS high electron mobility transistor（GTCE-HEMT）with a combined polar and nonpolar AlGaN/GaN heterostucture is presented. The device simulation shows a threshold voltage of 1.24 V, peak transconductance of 182 m S/mm, and subthreshold slope of 85 m V/dec, which are obtained by adjusting the device parameters. Interestingly, it is possible to control the threshold voltage accurately without precisely controlling the etching depth in fabrication by adopting this structure. Besides, the breakdown voltage（VB） is significantly increased by 78% in comparison with the value of the conventional MIS-HEMT. Moreover, the fabrication process of the novel device is entirely compatible with that of the conventional depletion-mode（D-mode） polar AlGaN/GaN HEMT. It presents a promising way to realize the switch application and the E/D-mode logic circuits.展开更多
There is limited information about the influence of slow or controlled release fertilizer（S/CRF） on rice yield and quality. In this study, japonica rice cultivar Nanjing 9108 was used to study the effects of three d...There is limited information about the influence of slow or controlled release fertilizer（S/CRF） on rice yield and quality. In this study, japonica rice cultivar Nanjing 9108 was used to study the effects of three different S/CRFs（polymer-coated urea（PCU）, sulfur-coated urea（SCU）, and urea formaldehyde（UF）） and two fertilization modes（both S/CRF and common urea（CU） as basal fertilizer, S/CRF as basal and CU as tillering fertilizer） on rice yield and quality. CU only was applied separately as control（CK）. Results showed that, rice grain yield, chalky kernel rate, chalky area, overall chalkiness, and the content of gliadin, glutenin, and protein, all showed the trends of UF〉PCU〉SCU within the same fertilization mode, and showed the trends of S/CRF as basal and CU as tillering fertilizer〉both S/CRF and CU as basal fertilizer within the same type of S/CRF. In contrast, the contents of amylose, amylopectin, and starch, as well as taste value, and peak and hot viscosity showed trends of SCU〉PCU〉UF, and the trends of both S/CRF and CU as basal fertilizer〉S/CRF as basal and CU as tillering fertilizer. Among S/CRF treatments and fertilization modes, taste values of cooked rice were positively correlated with amylose, amylopectin, and starch contents, as well as gel consistency, peak viscosity, hot viscosity, and cool viscosity, while negatively correlated with globulin, gliadin, glutenin, and protein contents. The types of S/CRF and fertilization modes are important for improving rice yield and quality. Compared to CK, higher yield and similar quality of rice was achieved with UF as basal and CU as tillering fertilizer, and similar yield with improved appearance and eating and cooking quality of rice was achieved with either both UF and CU as basal fertilizer, or PCU as basal and CU as tillering fertilizer.展开更多
A mode-locked ytterbium-doped rod-type fiber laser with 85 ~tm core diameter is developed based on the nonlinear polarization evolution in an all-normal-dispersion ring cavity, in which a uniaxial birefringent plate i...A mode-locked ytterbium-doped rod-type fiber laser with 85 ~tm core diameter is developed based on the nonlinear polarization evolution in an all-normal-dispersion ring cavity, in which a uniaxial birefringent plate is used as the spectral filter. Average power up to 16 W is obtained at the repetition rate of 58 MHz, and the pulse duration is compressed to 182 fs with a grating-pair compressor. The output laser pulses show very good beam quality and power stability.展开更多
A theoretical model is developed for calculating the eigenmodes of the multi-gap resonant cavity. The structure of concern is a kind of ladder-type circuit, offering the advantages of easy fabrication, high characteri...A theoretical model is developed for calculating the eigenmodes of the multi-gap resonant cavity. The structure of concern is a kind of ladder-type circuit, offering the advantages of easy fabrication, high characteristic impedance （R/Q）, and thermal capacity in the millimeter wave to THz regime. The eigenfunction expansion method is used to establish the field expressions for the gaps and the coupling region. Then, the match conditions at the interface are employed, which leads to a group of complicate boundary equations in the form of an infinite series. To facilitate the mathematical treatments and perform a highly efficient calculation, these boundary equations are transformed into the algebraic forms through the matrix representations. Finally, the concise dispersion equation is obtained. The roots of the dispersion equation include both the axial modes in the gaps, which include the fundamental and the high-order modes, and the cavity modes in the coupling region. Extensive numerical results are presented and the behaviors of the multi-gap resonant cavity are examined.展开更多
In this paper, an adaptive type-2 fuzzy sliding mode control to tolerate actuator faults of unknown nonlinear systems with external disturbances is presented. Based on a redundant actuation structure, a novel type-2 a...In this paper, an adaptive type-2 fuzzy sliding mode control to tolerate actuator faults of unknown nonlinear systems with external disturbances is presented. Based on a redundant actuation structure, a novel type-2 adaptive fuzzy fault tolerant control scheme is proposed using sliding mode control. Two adaptive type-2 fuzzy logic systems are used to approximate the unknown functions, whose adaptation laws are deduced from the stability analysis. The proposed approach allows to ensure good tracking performance despite the presence of actuator failures and external disturbances, as illustrated through a simulation example.展开更多
An integral terminal sliding mode controller is proposed in order to control chaos in a rod-type plasma torch system.In this method, a new sliding surface is defined based on a combination of the conventional sliding ...An integral terminal sliding mode controller is proposed in order to control chaos in a rod-type plasma torch system.In this method, a new sliding surface is defined based on a combination of the conventional sliding surface in terminal sliding mode control and a nonlinear function of the integral of the system states. It is assumed that the dynamics of a chaotic system are unknown and also the system is exposed to disturbance and unstructured uncertainty. To achieve a chattering-free and high-speed response for such an unknown system, an adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system is utilized in the next step to approximate the unknown part of the nonlinear dynamics. Then, the proposed integral terminal sliding mode controller stabilizes the approximated system based on Lyapunov＇s stability theory. In addition, a Bee algorithm is used to select the coefficients of integral terminal sliding mode controller to improve the performance of the proposed method. Simulation results demonstrate the improvement in the response speed, chattering rejection, transient response,and robustness against uncertainties.展开更多
目的探讨二甲双胍联合不同方式运动治疗2型糖尿病(T2DM)的临床疗效。方法选择2020年5月至2021年1月新乡市第一人民医院收治的90例T2DM患者为研究对象。根据治疗方案将患者分为对照组、观察组1和观察组2,每组30例。3组患者均给予二甲双...目的探讨二甲双胍联合不同方式运动治疗2型糖尿病(T2DM)的临床疗效。方法选择2020年5月至2021年1月新乡市第一人民医院收治的90例T2DM患者为研究对象。根据治疗方案将患者分为对照组、观察组1和观察组2,每组30例。3组患者均给予二甲双胍进行降糖治疗和个体化糖尿病食谱干预。在此基础上,对照组患者给予常规生活方式指导(糖尿病膳食指导及个体化运动方式指导,建议患者每周至少进行150 min中等强度运动),观察组1患者根据微信群督导信息进行每日2~3次餐后有氧或低强度抗阻运动或有氧加抗阻运动,观察组2患者根据微信群督导信息每日进行餐后1次有氧运动或有氧加低强度抗阻运动(弹力带联合快步走),共干预治疗6个月。分别于治疗前及治疗3、6个月时采集3组患者肘静脉血,分离血清,应用全自动生化分析仪检测3组患者空腹血糖(FBG)、餐后2 h血糖(2 h PG)、三酰甘油(TG)、总胆固醇(TCH)、高密度脂蛋白(HDL)、低密度脂蛋白(LDL)、同型半胱氨酸(HCY)水平;应用全自动特定蛋白即时分析仪检测3组患者糖化血红蛋白(HbA1c)水平;采用电化学发光免疫分析法检测3组患者血清25-羟基维生素D[25(OH)D]水平。结果治疗前3组患者的FBG、2 h PG、HbA1c、25(OH)D、TCH、TG、HDL、LDL、HCY水平比较差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。对照组患者各时间点的FBG、2hPG、TG、TCH、HDL、LDL、HCY与治疗前比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);对照组患者治疗3、6个月时HbA1c水平显著低于治疗前(P<0.05),25(OH)D水平显著高于治疗前(P<0.05);对照组患者治疗6个月时的HbA1c水平显著低于治疗3个月时(P<0.05)。观察组1和观察组2患者治疗3、6个月时的FBG、2 h PG、HbA1c、TCH、TG水平显著低于治疗前,25(OH)D、HDL水平显著高于治疗前(P<0.05);2组患者各时间点LDL、HCY水平比较差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。观察组1治疗6个月时的HbA1c水平显著低于治疗3个月时,25(OH)D水平显著高于治疗3个月时(P<0.01);观察组1患者治疗6个月时与治疗3个月时的FBG、2 h PG、TCH、TG、HDL水平比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。观察组2患者治疗6个月时的FBG、HbA1c水平显著低于治疗3个月时,25(OH)D水平显著高于治疗3个月时(P<0.01);观察组2患者治疗6个月时与治疗3个月时的2 h PG、TCH、TG、HDL水平比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。治疗3、6个月时,观察组1和观察组2患者的FBG、2 h PG、HbA1c水平显著低于对照组,25(OH)D水平显著高于对照组(P<0.05);观察组1与观察组2患者的FBG、2 h PG、HbA1c水平比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);观察组2患者的25(OH)D水平显著高于观察组1(P<0.05);观察组1患者的TCH水平显著低于对照组(P<0.05);观察组2与对照组患者的TCH水平比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);观察组2患者的TCH水平显著高于观察组1(P<0.05);3组患者的HDL、LDL、HCY水平比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。治疗3个月时,3组患者的TG水平比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);治疗6个月时,观察组1和观察组2患者的TG水平与对照组比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);观察组2患者的TG水平显著高于观察组1(P<0.05)。结论在糖尿病饮食和降糖药物治疗的基础上,联合不同运动方式均可改善T2DM患者的血糖、HbA1c、血清25(OH)D等水平,通过微信群督导患者在餐后30~60 min采用不同方式在不同时段进行不同强度的运动的改善效果优于未进行督导的患者。展开更多
In view of the changes of tourism industry in the background of experience economy, and starting from the perspective that the emotional needs of tourists were boosting and they had paid increasing attention upon expe...In view of the changes of tourism industry in the background of experience economy, and starting from the perspective that the emotional needs of tourists were boosting and they had paid increasing attention upon experience during the process of travelling, this research tried to find out a new development mode of rural tourism which took identification of tourism resource , subdivision of target market, designing of experience projects and personnel training into consideration. In the process of development, designing and implementation, it emphasized the definiteness of development direction, construction of unique theme, creation of experience atmosphere, showing tourists the charm of countryside in a full and deep way, and consequently highlighted the cultural, recreational and regional feature of rural tourism. What's more, it should satisfy tourists' emotional needs with emotional, interactive and personalized tourist products, leave tourists unique experience and good memories, prolong tourists' stay and enhance their loyalty, so as to generate higher economic benefits, promote rural economic growth and construct harmonious new countryside.展开更多
基金supported by the National Science and Technology Major Project,China(Grant No.2013ZX02308-002)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.11435010,61474086,and 61404099)
文摘A novel groove-type channel enhancement-mode AlGaN/GaN MIS high electron mobility transistor（GTCE-HEMT）with a combined polar and nonpolar AlGaN/GaN heterostucture is presented. The device simulation shows a threshold voltage of 1.24 V, peak transconductance of 182 m S/mm, and subthreshold slope of 85 m V/dec, which are obtained by adjusting the device parameters. Interestingly, it is possible to control the threshold voltage accurately without precisely controlling the etching depth in fabrication by adopting this structure. Besides, the breakdown voltage（VB） is significantly increased by 78% in comparison with the value of the conventional MIS-HEMT. Moreover, the fabrication process of the novel device is entirely compatible with that of the conventional depletion-mode（D-mode） polar AlGaN/GaN HEMT. It presents a promising way to realize the switch application and the E/D-mode logic circuits.
基金the National Key R&D Program of China (2016YFD0300503)the Key Research Program of Jiangsu Province, China (BE2016344)+3 种基金the National Rice Industry Technology System, China (CARS01-27)the National Nature Science Foundation of China (31701350)the Program for Scientific Elitists of Yangzhou University, Chinaa Project Funded by the Priority Academic Program Development of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions, China
文摘There is limited information about the influence of slow or controlled release fertilizer（S/CRF） on rice yield and quality. In this study, japonica rice cultivar Nanjing 9108 was used to study the effects of three different S/CRFs（polymer-coated urea（PCU）, sulfur-coated urea（SCU）, and urea formaldehyde（UF）） and two fertilization modes（both S/CRF and common urea（CU） as basal fertilizer, S/CRF as basal and CU as tillering fertilizer） on rice yield and quality. CU only was applied separately as control（CK）. Results showed that, rice grain yield, chalky kernel rate, chalky area, overall chalkiness, and the content of gliadin, glutenin, and protein, all showed the trends of UF〉PCU〉SCU within the same fertilization mode, and showed the trends of S/CRF as basal and CU as tillering fertilizer〉both S/CRF and CU as basal fertilizer within the same type of S/CRF. In contrast, the contents of amylose, amylopectin, and starch, as well as taste value, and peak and hot viscosity showed trends of SCU〉PCU〉UF, and the trends of both S/CRF and CU as basal fertilizer〉S/CRF as basal and CU as tillering fertilizer. Among S/CRF treatments and fertilization modes, taste values of cooked rice were positively correlated with amylose, amylopectin, and starch contents, as well as gel consistency, peak viscosity, hot viscosity, and cool viscosity, while negatively correlated with globulin, gliadin, glutenin, and protein contents. The types of S/CRF and fertilization modes are important for improving rice yield and quality. Compared to CK, higher yield and similar quality of rice was achieved with UF as basal and CU as tillering fertilizer, and similar yield with improved appearance and eating and cooking quality of rice was achieved with either both UF and CU as basal fertilizer, or PCU as basal and CU as tillering fertilizer.
基金supported by the National Key Technology R&D Program of the Ministry of Science and Technology,China(Grant No.2012BAC23B03)the National Basic Research Program of China(Grant No.2013CB922401)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.11474002)
文摘A mode-locked ytterbium-doped rod-type fiber laser with 85 ~tm core diameter is developed based on the nonlinear polarization evolution in an all-normal-dispersion ring cavity, in which a uniaxial birefringent plate is used as the spectral filter. Average power up to 16 W is obtained at the repetition rate of 58 MHz, and the pulse duration is compressed to 182 fs with a grating-pair compressor. The output laser pulses show very good beam quality and power stability.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.61222110 and 60971073)
文摘A theoretical model is developed for calculating the eigenmodes of the multi-gap resonant cavity. The structure of concern is a kind of ladder-type circuit, offering the advantages of easy fabrication, high characteristic impedance （R/Q）, and thermal capacity in the millimeter wave to THz regime. The eigenfunction expansion method is used to establish the field expressions for the gaps and the coupling region. Then, the match conditions at the interface are employed, which leads to a group of complicate boundary equations in the form of an infinite series. To facilitate the mathematical treatments and perform a highly efficient calculation, these boundary equations are transformed into the algebraic forms through the matrix representations. Finally, the concise dispersion equation is obtained. The roots of the dispersion equation include both the axial modes in the gaps, which include the fundamental and the high-order modes, and the cavity modes in the coupling region. Extensive numerical results are presented and the behaviors of the multi-gap resonant cavity are examined.
基金supported by Region of Champagne Ardenne and European Regional Development Fund CPER-MOSYP
文摘In this paper, an adaptive type-2 fuzzy sliding mode control to tolerate actuator faults of unknown nonlinear systems with external disturbances is presented. Based on a redundant actuation structure, a novel type-2 adaptive fuzzy fault tolerant control scheme is proposed using sliding mode control. Two adaptive type-2 fuzzy logic systems are used to approximate the unknown functions, whose adaptation laws are deduced from the stability analysis. The proposed approach allows to ensure good tracking performance despite the presence of actuator failures and external disturbances, as illustrated through a simulation example.
文摘An integral terminal sliding mode controller is proposed in order to control chaos in a rod-type plasma torch system.In this method, a new sliding surface is defined based on a combination of the conventional sliding surface in terminal sliding mode control and a nonlinear function of the integral of the system states. It is assumed that the dynamics of a chaotic system are unknown and also the system is exposed to disturbance and unstructured uncertainty. To achieve a chattering-free and high-speed response for such an unknown system, an adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system is utilized in the next step to approximate the unknown part of the nonlinear dynamics. Then, the proposed integral terminal sliding mode controller stabilizes the approximated system based on Lyapunov＇s stability theory. In addition, a Bee algorithm is used to select the coefficients of integral terminal sliding mode controller to improve the performance of the proposed method. Simulation results demonstrate the improvement in the response speed, chattering rejection, transient response,and robustness against uncertainties.
文摘目的探讨二甲双胍联合不同方式运动治疗2型糖尿病(T2DM)的临床疗效。方法选择2020年5月至2021年1月新乡市第一人民医院收治的90例T2DM患者为研究对象。根据治疗方案将患者分为对照组、观察组1和观察组2,每组30例。3组患者均给予二甲双胍进行降糖治疗和个体化糖尿病食谱干预。在此基础上,对照组患者给予常规生活方式指导(糖尿病膳食指导及个体化运动方式指导,建议患者每周至少进行150 min中等强度运动),观察组1患者根据微信群督导信息进行每日2~3次餐后有氧或低强度抗阻运动或有氧加抗阻运动,观察组2患者根据微信群督导信息每日进行餐后1次有氧运动或有氧加低强度抗阻运动(弹力带联合快步走),共干预治疗6个月。分别于治疗前及治疗3、6个月时采集3组患者肘静脉血,分离血清,应用全自动生化分析仪检测3组患者空腹血糖(FBG)、餐后2 h血糖(2 h PG)、三酰甘油(TG)、总胆固醇(TCH)、高密度脂蛋白(HDL)、低密度脂蛋白(LDL)、同型半胱氨酸(HCY)水平;应用全自动特定蛋白即时分析仪检测3组患者糖化血红蛋白(HbA1c)水平;采用电化学发光免疫分析法检测3组患者血清25-羟基维生素D[25(OH)D]水平。结果治疗前3组患者的FBG、2 h PG、HbA1c、25(OH)D、TCH、TG、HDL、LDL、HCY水平比较差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。对照组患者各时间点的FBG、2hPG、TG、TCH、HDL、LDL、HCY与治疗前比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);对照组患者治疗3、6个月时HbA1c水平显著低于治疗前(P<0.05),25(OH)D水平显著高于治疗前(P<0.05);对照组患者治疗6个月时的HbA1c水平显著低于治疗3个月时(P<0.05)。观察组1和观察组2患者治疗3、6个月时的FBG、2 h PG、HbA1c、TCH、TG水平显著低于治疗前,25(OH)D、HDL水平显著高于治疗前(P<0.05);2组患者各时间点LDL、HCY水平比较差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。观察组1治疗6个月时的HbA1c水平显著低于治疗3个月时,25(OH)D水平显著高于治疗3个月时(P<0.01);观察组1患者治疗6个月时与治疗3个月时的FBG、2 h PG、TCH、TG、HDL水平比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。观察组2患者治疗6个月时的FBG、HbA1c水平显著低于治疗3个月时,25(OH)D水平显著高于治疗3个月时(P<0.01);观察组2患者治疗6个月时与治疗3个月时的2 h PG、TCH、TG、HDL水平比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。治疗3、6个月时,观察组1和观察组2患者的FBG、2 h PG、HbA1c水平显著低于对照组,25(OH)D水平显著高于对照组(P<0.05);观察组1与观察组2患者的FBG、2 h PG、HbA1c水平比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);观察组2患者的25(OH)D水平显著高于观察组1(P<0.05);观察组1患者的TCH水平显著低于对照组(P<0.05);观察组2与对照组患者的TCH水平比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);观察组2患者的TCH水平显著高于观察组1(P<0.05);3组患者的HDL、LDL、HCY水平比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。治疗3个月时,3组患者的TG水平比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);治疗6个月时,观察组1和观察组2患者的TG水平与对照组比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);观察组2患者的TG水平显著高于观察组1(P<0.05)。结论在糖尿病饮食和降糖药物治疗的基础上,联合不同运动方式均可改善T2DM患者的血糖、HbA1c、血清25(OH)D等水平,通过微信群督导患者在餐后30~60 min采用不同方式在不同时段进行不同强度的运动的改善效果优于未进行督导的患者。
文摘In view of the changes of tourism industry in the background of experience economy, and starting from the perspective that the emotional needs of tourists were boosting and they had paid increasing attention upon experience during the process of travelling, this research tried to find out a new development mode of rural tourism which took identification of tourism resource , subdivision of target market, designing of experience projects and personnel training into consideration. In the process of development, designing and implementation, it emphasized the definiteness of development direction, construction of unique theme, creation of experience atmosphere, showing tourists the charm of countryside in a full and deep way, and consequently highlighted the cultural, recreational and regional feature of rural tourism. What's more, it should satisfy tourists' emotional needs with emotional, interactive and personalized tourist products, leave tourists unique experience and good memories, prolong tourists' stay and enhance their loyalty, so as to generate higher economic benefits, promote rural economic growth and construct harmonious new countryside.
