Background Supplementation of choline chloride in culture medium programs the preimplantation bovine embryo to increase weaning weight of the resultant calf.Here,it was hypothesized that similar programming actions of...Background Supplementation of choline chloride in culture medium programs the preimplantation bovine embryo to increase weaning weight of the resultant calf.Here,it was hypothesized that similar programming actions of choline can be induced by feeding rumen-protected choline(RPC)to beef cows during the periconceptional period.Results A preliminary experiment was conducted to determine changes in circulating concentrations of choline and its metabolites after RPC supplementation.Suckled beef cows were individually fed 0,30,60,and 90 g of RPC(i.e.,0,8.6,17.3 and 25.9 g choline chloride)and blood samples were collected at random times after feeding.There were no differences in plasma concentrations of choline or its metabolites between groups.In the second experiment,effects of feeding 60 g/d RPC from d-1 to 7 relative to timed artificial insemination were examined for suckled beef cows.Feeding RPC did not affect pregnancy or calving rates,pregnancy losses,plasma concentrations of pregnancy-associated glycoproteins,gestation length or calf birth weight.Calves from RPC fed dams were lighter than control calves at~118 days of age(range 75–150;age included in the statistical model)and at weaning at~248 days of age.There was no effect of treatment on hip height at~118 days of age although there was a trend for RPC calves to be shorter at weaning.Weight/height ratio was lower for RPC than control at both 118 and 248 days of age.Treatment did not affect testis weight at~118 days of age.Conclusions Supplementation of RPC during the periconceptional period programmed development to alter calf phenotype in the postnatal period.The net result,reduced body weight,was the opposite of the phenotype caused by the addition of choline to embryo culture medium.展开更多
Gastric cancer(GC)remains one of the most common cancers and leading causes of cancer deaths globally1with 60.0%of cases and 56.6%of deaths occurring in East Asia.South Korea and Japan have conducted nationwide GC scr...Gastric cancer(GC)remains one of the most common cancers and leading causes of cancer deaths globally1with 60.0%of cases and 56.6%of deaths occurring in East Asia.South Korea and Japan have conducted nationwide GC screening programs for decades but with essential differences in strategies,organization,and coverage2.展开更多
Objectives:The objective of this study was to examine communication effectiveness(CE)in conjunction with participant satisfaction in a multicultural fitness program.Methods:Adults from a fitness program site with part...Objectives:The objective of this study was to examine communication effectiveness(CE)in conjunction with participant satisfaction in a multicultural fitness program.Methods:Adults from a fitness program site with participant diversity and multicultural backgrounds were selected and asked to complete a three-part Fitness CE Evaluation Scale questionnaire:CE Questionnaire and Customer Satisfaction(CS)Scale plus a short demographic survey.A sample of 95 participants was recruited from a Midwest Functional 45 Fitness Training Program site in the U.S.A.Multivariate Analysis of Variance(MANOVA)tests were conducted for CE and CS variable vectors.Results:The results showed that there were significant main effects on CE and CS for nationality(p=0.001;p<0.001)and language(p=0.006;p<0.001),but no effect for participation frequency,respectively;there were also significant main effects on CS for gender(p=0.006)and membership type(p=0.019).Univariate tests revealed that domestics and/or first language participants scored significantly higher on reactionto strangers(p=0.001;p=0.001),uncertainty(p<0.001;p<0.001),facilities/services(p<0.001;p<0.001),individual/psychological factor(p=0.009;p=0.034),relaxation(p=0.018;p=0.021),social factor(p<0.001;p=0.002),and health/fitness(p<0.001;p=0.001),respectively.Conclusions:Being highly aware of fitness participants’uncertainty and reaction to strangers can help multicultural fitness program managers or trainers improve their communication effectiveness,which will continue improving their customers’satisfaction.展开更多
Focusing on the reform of talent training under the background of the integration of production and education in vocational education,this paper takes Xinjiang Vocational College of Physical Education as the research ...Focusing on the reform of talent training under the background of the integration of production and education in vocational education,this paper takes Xinjiang Vocational College of Physical Education as the research object.Based on the field survey data of 36 enterprises and public institutions in Urumqi and Kashgar regions from May to June 2023,it systematically analyzes the demand characteristics,ability requirements of employers for sports professionals,and their feedback on current training programs.The research finds that employers have a strong demand for talent in sports training and physical education,and generally attach importance to professional skills and comprehensive quality,but they believe that graduates need pre-job training to be competent for the positions.Most units recognize the existing curriculum structure and support school-enterprise cooperation.Accordingly,this paper proposes that we should take moral education as the fundamental,optimize professional positioning,reconstruct the modular curriculum system,strengthen practical teaching and the integration of“courses,certificates,competitions,and posts,”deepen the coordination of production and education,and build a new employment-oriented training mechanism for high-quality sports technical and skilled talents.展开更多
Severe aortic stenosis has increased exponentially as a result of the aging of the population.Transcatheter aortic valve replacement(TAVR)procedures increase by 20%-30%per year in Spain.Referred patients are increasin...Severe aortic stenosis has increased exponentially as a result of the aging of the population.Transcatheter aortic valve replacement(TAVR)procedures increase by 20%-30%per year in Spain.Referred patients are increasingly older,have comorbidities,and frailty.TAVR cardiac rehabilitation(CR)programs significantly improve both functional capacity and quality of life of patients.However,there are no guidelines on how to carry out them and few elderly patients are referred to CR.Furthermore,mortality in women who undergo TAVR is higher than in men and even fewer are referred to CR programs.Multidisciplinary patient care,including comorbidities and frailty,is essential.It is necessary to ensure exquisite continuity of care during TAVR,CR,and the rest of the patient's life.Telerehabilitation could be an option in some lower-risk patients to include more patients in CR programs after TAVR,given the high demand.This article reviews the evidence on why CR should be performed in post-TAVR patients and proposes a practical and novel approach to the care process and the recommended aspects and components of the CR program.展开更多
Every year, around the world, between 250,000 and 500,000 people suffer a spinal cord injury(SCI). SCI is a devastating medical condition that arises from trauma or disease-induced damage to the spinal cord, disruptin...Every year, around the world, between 250,000 and 500,000 people suffer a spinal cord injury(SCI). SCI is a devastating medical condition that arises from trauma or disease-induced damage to the spinal cord, disrupting the neural connections that allow communication between the brain and the rest of the body, which results in varying degrees of motor and sensory impairment. Disconnection in the spinal tracts is an irreversible condition owing to the poor capacity for spontaneous axonal regeneration in the affected neurons.展开更多
Objectives This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of the stepped self-care program on the self-care,self-efficacy,and quality of life of stroke survivors.Methods This quasi-experimental study allocated 110 str...Objectives This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of the stepped self-care program on the self-care,self-efficacy,and quality of life of stroke survivors.Methods This quasi-experimental study allocated 110 stroke survivors from two neurology wards into an intervention group(n=55)who received the stepped self-care program and a control group(n=55)who received usual care from June to December 2023.The Self-Care of Stroke Inventory,Stroke Self-Efficacy Questionnaire,and the short version of the Stroke Specific Quality of Life Scale were administered at baseline(T0),immediately post-intervention(T_(1)),and at 1-month(T_(2))and 3-month(T_(3))follow-ups.Data were analyzed using repeated measures analyses of variance,and generalized estimating equations.Results A total of 48 participants in the intervention group and 50 participants in the control group completed the study.No statistically significant differences were observed at T0 in any of the measured indicators(all P>0.05).The study showed significant group,time,and group×time interaction effects across the assessed outcomes(all P<0.05).Follow-up between-group comparisons at T_(1),T_(2),and T_(3) indicated that the intervention group had significantly higher scores in self-care maintenance,self-care monitoring,self-care management,self-efficacy,and quality of life than the control group(all P<0.001).Conclusions The stepped self-care program significantly improved self-care behaviors,self-efficacy,and quality of life among stroke survivors.These findings support the broader implementation of this approach in post-discharge home self-care.展开更多
The field of nanomedicine has been revolutionized by the concept of immunogenic cell death(ICD)-enhanced cancer therapy,which holds immense promise for the efficient treatment of cancer.However,precise delivery of ICD...The field of nanomedicine has been revolutionized by the concept of immunogenic cell death(ICD)-enhanced cancer therapy,which holds immense promise for the efficient treatment of cancer.However,precise delivery of ICD inducer is severely hindered by complex biological barriers.How to design and build intelligent nanoplatform for adaptive and dynamic cancer therapy remains a big challenge.Herein,this article presents the design and preparation of CD44-targeting and ZIF-8 gated gold nanocage(Au@ZH) for programmed delivery of the 1,2-diaminocyclohexane-Pt(Ⅱ)(DACHPt) as ICD inducer.After actively targeting the CD44 on the surface of 4T1 tumor cell,this Pt-Au@ZH can be effectively endocytosed by the 4T1 cell and release the DACHPt in tumor acidic environment,resulting in ICD effect and superior antitumor efficacy both in vitro and in vivo in the presence of mild 808 nm laser irradiation.By integration of internal and external stimuli intelligently,this programmed nanoplatform is poised to become a cornerstone in the pursuit of effective and targeted cancer therapy in the foreseeable future.展开更多
During the use of robotics in applications such as antiterrorism or combat,a motion-constrained pursuer vehicle,such as a Dubins unmanned surface vehicle(USV),must get close enough(within a prescribed zero or positive...During the use of robotics in applications such as antiterrorism or combat,a motion-constrained pursuer vehicle,such as a Dubins unmanned surface vehicle(USV),must get close enough(within a prescribed zero or positive distance)to a moving target as quickly as possible,resulting in the extended minimum-time intercept problem(EMTIP).Existing research has primarily focused on the zero-distance intercept problem,MTIP,establishing the necessary or sufficient conditions for MTIP optimality,and utilizing analytic algorithms,such as root-finding algorithms,to calculate the optimal solutions.However,these approaches depend heavily on the properties of the analytic algorithm,making them inapplicable when problem settings change,such as in the case of a positive effective range or complicated target motions outside uniform rectilinear motion.In this study,an approach employing a high-accuracy and quality-guaranteed mixed-integer piecewise-linear program(QG-PWL)is proposed for the EMTIP.This program can accommodate different effective interception ranges and complicated target motions(variable velocity or complicated trajectories).The high accuracy and quality guarantees of QG-PWL originate from elegant strategies such as piecewise linearization and other developed operation strategies.The approximate error in the intercept path length is proved to be bounded to h^(2)/(4√2),where h is the piecewise length.展开更多
Editor's Note In his keynote address at the opening ceremony of the Global Leaders'Meeting on Women,held in Beijing on October 13,2025,Chinese President Xi Jinping announced a series of measures China will tak...Editor's Note In his keynote address at the opening ceremony of the Global Leaders'Meeting on Women,held in Beijing on October 13,2025,Chinese President Xi Jinping announced a series of measures China will take,in the next five years,to further support the global cause of women.One of the measures is:China will launch 1,000"small and beautiful"livelihood programs with Chinese assistance that take women and girls as priority beneficiaries.展开更多
A two-phase monadic approach is presented for monadically slicing programs with procedures. In the monadic slice algorithm for interprocedural programs, phase 1 initializes the slice table of formal parameters in a pr...A two-phase monadic approach is presented for monadically slicing programs with procedures. In the monadic slice algorithm for interprocedural programs, phase 1 initializes the slice table of formal parameters in a procedure with the given labels, and then captures the callees＇ influence on callers when analyzing call statements. Phase 2 captures the callees＇ dependence on callers by replacing all given labels appearing in the corresponding sets of formal parameters. By the introduction of given labels, this slice method can obtain similar summary information in system-dependence-graph（SDG）-based algorithms for addressing the calling-context problem. With the use of the slice monad transformer, this monadic slicing approach achieves a high level of modularity and flexibility. It shows that the monadic interprocedural algorithm has less complexity and it is not less precise than SDG algorithms.展开更多
To solve the problems that the exception handling code is hard to test and maintain and that it affects the robustness and reliability of software, a method for evaluating the exception handling of programs is present...To solve the problems that the exception handling code is hard to test and maintain and that it affects the robustness and reliability of software, a method for evaluating the exception handling of programs is presented. The exception propagation graph （EPG） that describes the large programs with exception handling constructs is proposed by simplifying the control flow graph and it is applied to a case to verify its validity. According to the EPG, the exception handling code that never executes is identified; the points that are the most critical to controlling exception propagation are found; and the irrational exception handling code is corrected. The constructing algorithm for the EPG is given; thus, this provides a basis for automatically constructing the EPG and automatically correcting the irrational exception handling code.展开更多
AIM:To investigate the outcome and effectiveness of two screening programs,National Cancer Screening Program(NCSP)and opportunistic screening(OS),for the detection of gastric cancer. METHODS:A total of 45 654 subjects...AIM:To investigate the outcome and effectiveness of two screening programs,National Cancer Screening Program(NCSP)and opportunistic screening(OS),for the detection of gastric cancer. METHODS:A total of 45 654 subjects underwent upper endoscopy as part of the NCSP or OS at the Chung-Ang University Healthcare System in Korea between January 2007 and December 2010.The study population was comprised of subjects over the age of 40 years.More specifically,subjects who took part in the NCSP were Medicaid recipients and beneficiaries of the National Health Insurance Corporation.Still photo-graphs from the endoscopies diagnosed as gastric cancer were reviewed by two experienced endoscopists. RESULTS:The mean age of the screened subjects was 55 years for men and 54 years for women.A total of 126 cases(0.28%)of gastric cancer were detected from both screening programs;100 cases(0.3%)from NCSP and in 26 cases(0.2%)from OS.The proportion of early gastric cancer(EGC)detected in NCSP was higher than that in OS(74.0%vs 53.8%,P=0.046). Among the 34 416 screenees in NCSP,6585(19.1%) underwent upper endoscopy every other year as scheduled.Among the 11 238 screenees in OS,3050(27.1%) underwent upper endoscopy at least once every two years during the study period.The detection rate of gastric cancer was found to be significantly higher during irregular follow-up than during regular follow-up in both screening programs(0.3%vs 0.2%,P=0.036).A higher incidence of EGC than advanced gastric cancer was observed during regular follow-up compared with irregular follow-up. CONCLUSION:Compliance to the screening program is more important than the type of screening system used.展开更多
Greenhouse gases, particularly the carbon dioxide, cause global warming and extreme weather, which has become a serious threat to human beings. The steel industry creates enormous amounts of carbon emission and has tr...Greenhouse gases, particularly the carbon dioxide, cause global warming and extreme weather, which has become a serious threat to human beings. The steel industry creates enormous amounts of carbon emission and has tremendous potential in carbon reduction. Considering the consistently increasing demand of iron and steel, to obtain significant carbon reduction by reducing the steel production is not practical, thus the development and implementa- tion of carbon reduction programs and technologies is important for the steel industry. Despite the significant poten- tial of carbon reduction in the steel industry, ironmaking and steelmaking processes are complex. Therefore, resear- ches and developments for the carbon reduction must focus on key processes. Here, key processes and technologies adopted in ULCOS program in EU, COURSE 50 program in Japan, POSCO program in South Korea, AISI pro- grams in US and other carbon reduction programs are summarized and evaluated, and feasible suggestions for carbon reduction in developing countries are presented. If effective measures can be referred to and taken in developing coun- tries, global carbon emission can be greatly reduced.展开更多
Current study adopted gene flow theory and selection index method to compare the breeding efficiency of three breeding plans in the Chinese Holstein cattle using ZPLAN software. Simulated conventional progeny-testing ...Current study adopted gene flow theory and selection index method to compare the breeding efficiency of three breeding plans in the Chinese Holstein cattle using ZPLAN software. Simulated conventional progeny-testing program （PT） and young sire program （YS） were compared with breeding program using genomic selection （GS） taking parameters derived from Chinese Holstein breeding system. The results showed that, GS shortened generation interval by 1.5-2.2 years, and increased the genetic progress by 30-50%, comparing to PT and YS, respectively. Economic analysis showed that GS could obtain a higher breeding efficiency, being 119 and 97% higher than that of PT and YS, respectively; and GS was also powerful in improving functional traits with a low heritability. Main factors affecting breeding efficiency in GS were further discussed, including selection intensity, accuracy and the cost of SNP genotyping. Our finding provided references for future designing and implementing GS in Chinese dairy population.展开更多
AIM: To assess the effectiveness of the Chronic Disease Self-Management Program(CDSMP) on glycated hemoglobin A1c(HbA1c) and selected self-reported measures.METHODS: We compared patients who received a diabetes self-c...AIM: To assess the effectiveness of the Chronic Disease Self-Management Program(CDSMP) on glycated hemoglobin A1c(HbA1c) and selected self-reported measures.METHODS: We compared patients who received a diabetes self-care behavioral intervention, the CDSMP developed at the Stanford University, with controls whoreceived usual care on their HbA1c and selected self-reported measures, including diabetes self-care activities, health-related quality of life(HRQOL), pain and fatigue. The subjects were a subset of participants enrolled in a randomized controlled trial that took place at seven regional clinics of a university-affiliated integrated healthcare system of a multi-specialty group practice between January 2009 and June 2011. The primary outcome was change in HbA1c from randomization to 12 mo. Data were analyzed using multilevel statistical models and linear mixed models to provide unbiased estimates of intervention effects.RESULTS: Demographic and baseline clinical characteristics were generally comparable between the two groups. The average baseline HbA1c values in the CDSMP and control groups were 9.4% and 9.2%, respectively. Significant reductions in HbA1c were seen at 12 mo for the two groups, with adjusted changes around 0.6%(P < 0.0001), but the reductions did not differ significantly between the two groups(P = 0.885). Few significant differences were observed in participants' diabetes self-care activities. No significant differences were observed in the participants' HRQOL, pain, or fatigue measures.CONCLUSION: The CDSMP intervention may not lower HbA1c any better than good routine care in an integrated healthcare system. More research is needed to understand the benefits of self-management programs in primary care in different settings and populations.展开更多
基金supported by the L.E.“Red”Larson Endowment and grants number 2020-67015-30821 and 2023-67015-40730 from the Agriculture and Food Research Initiative of USDA-NIFAsupported by the Higher Education Commission of Pakistan。
文摘Background Supplementation of choline chloride in culture medium programs the preimplantation bovine embryo to increase weaning weight of the resultant calf.Here,it was hypothesized that similar programming actions of choline can be induced by feeding rumen-protected choline(RPC)to beef cows during the periconceptional period.Results A preliminary experiment was conducted to determine changes in circulating concentrations of choline and its metabolites after RPC supplementation.Suckled beef cows were individually fed 0,30,60,and 90 g of RPC(i.e.,0,8.6,17.3 and 25.9 g choline chloride)and blood samples were collected at random times after feeding.There were no differences in plasma concentrations of choline or its metabolites between groups.In the second experiment,effects of feeding 60 g/d RPC from d-1 to 7 relative to timed artificial insemination were examined for suckled beef cows.Feeding RPC did not affect pregnancy or calving rates,pregnancy losses,plasma concentrations of pregnancy-associated glycoproteins,gestation length or calf birth weight.Calves from RPC fed dams were lighter than control calves at~118 days of age(range 75–150;age included in the statistical model)and at weaning at~248 days of age.There was no effect of treatment on hip height at~118 days of age although there was a trend for RPC calves to be shorter at weaning.Weight/height ratio was lower for RPC than control at both 118 and 248 days of age.Treatment did not affect testis weight at~118 days of age.Conclusions Supplementation of RPC during the periconceptional period programmed development to alter calf phenotype in the postnatal period.The net result,reduced body weight,was the opposite of the phenotype caused by the addition of choline to embryo culture medium.
基金supported by grants from the Shanghai Key Disciplines of Public Health(2023-2025)for New Threeyear Action Plan(Grant Nos.GWVI-11.1-22 and GWVI-11.1-23)the Fudan School of Public Health-Jiading CDC key disciplines for the high-quality development of public health(Grant No.GWGZLXK-2023-02)the Fudan Undergraduate Research Opportunities Program(Grant No.FDUROP-24647)。
文摘Gastric cancer(GC)remains one of the most common cancers and leading causes of cancer deaths globally1with 60.0%of cases and 56.6%of deaths occurring in East Asia.South Korea and Japan have conducted nationwide GC screening programs for decades but with essential differences in strategies,organization,and coverage2.
基金funded by Department of Education of Guangdong Province(NO.2022GXJK239,2024SQXX_025)Guangzhou Sport University(NO.XGQN202410).
文摘Objectives:The objective of this study was to examine communication effectiveness(CE)in conjunction with participant satisfaction in a multicultural fitness program.Methods:Adults from a fitness program site with participant diversity and multicultural backgrounds were selected and asked to complete a three-part Fitness CE Evaluation Scale questionnaire:CE Questionnaire and Customer Satisfaction(CS)Scale plus a short demographic survey.A sample of 95 participants was recruited from a Midwest Functional 45 Fitness Training Program site in the U.S.A.Multivariate Analysis of Variance(MANOVA)tests were conducted for CE and CS variable vectors.Results:The results showed that there were significant main effects on CE and CS for nationality(p=0.001;p<0.001)and language(p=0.006;p<0.001),but no effect for participation frequency,respectively;there were also significant main effects on CS for gender(p=0.006)and membership type(p=0.019).Univariate tests revealed that domestics and/or first language participants scored significantly higher on reactionto strangers(p=0.001;p=0.001),uncertainty(p<0.001;p<0.001),facilities/services(p<0.001;p<0.001),individual/psychological factor(p=0.009;p=0.034),relaxation(p=0.018;p=0.021),social factor(p<0.001;p=0.002),and health/fitness(p<0.001;p=0.001),respectively.Conclusions:Being highly aware of fitness participants’uncertainty and reaction to strangers can help multicultural fitness program managers or trainers improve their communication effectiveness,which will continue improving their customers’satisfaction.
文摘Focusing on the reform of talent training under the background of the integration of production and education in vocational education,this paper takes Xinjiang Vocational College of Physical Education as the research object.Based on the field survey data of 36 enterprises and public institutions in Urumqi and Kashgar regions from May to June 2023,it systematically analyzes the demand characteristics,ability requirements of employers for sports professionals,and their feedback on current training programs.The research finds that employers have a strong demand for talent in sports training and physical education,and generally attach importance to professional skills and comprehensive quality,but they believe that graduates need pre-job training to be competent for the positions.Most units recognize the existing curriculum structure and support school-enterprise cooperation.Accordingly,this paper proposes that we should take moral education as the fundamental,optimize professional positioning,reconstruct the modular curriculum system,strengthen practical teaching and the integration of“courses,certificates,competitions,and posts,”deepen the coordination of production and education,and build a new employment-oriented training mechanism for high-quality sports technical and skilled talents.
文摘Severe aortic stenosis has increased exponentially as a result of the aging of the population.Transcatheter aortic valve replacement(TAVR)procedures increase by 20%-30%per year in Spain.Referred patients are increasingly older,have comorbidities,and frailty.TAVR cardiac rehabilitation(CR)programs significantly improve both functional capacity and quality of life of patients.However,there are no guidelines on how to carry out them and few elderly patients are referred to CR.Furthermore,mortality in women who undergo TAVR is higher than in men and even fewer are referred to CR programs.Multidisciplinary patient care,including comorbidities and frailty,is essential.It is necessary to ensure exquisite continuity of care during TAVR,CR,and the rest of the patient's life.Telerehabilitation could be an option in some lower-risk patients to include more patients in CR programs after TAVR,given the high demand.This article reviews the evidence on why CR should be performed in post-TAVR patients and proposes a practical and novel approach to the care process and the recommended aspects and components of the CR program.
基金financially supported by Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación projects SAF2017-82736-C2-1-R to MTMFin Universidad Autónoma de Madrid and by Fundación Universidad Francisco de Vitoria to JS+2 种基金a predoctoral scholarship from Fundación Universidad Francisco de Vitoriafinancial support from a 6-month contract from Universidad Autónoma de Madrida 3-month contract from the School of Medicine of Universidad Francisco de Vitoria。
文摘Every year, around the world, between 250,000 and 500,000 people suffer a spinal cord injury(SCI). SCI is a devastating medical condition that arises from trauma or disease-induced damage to the spinal cord, disrupting the neural connections that allow communication between the brain and the rest of the body, which results in varying degrees of motor and sensory impairment. Disconnection in the spinal tracts is an irreversible condition owing to the poor capacity for spontaneous axonal regeneration in the affected neurons.
基金The National Natural Science Foundation of China[72174184]provided policy and financialsupport for this research.
文摘Objectives This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of the stepped self-care program on the self-care,self-efficacy,and quality of life of stroke survivors.Methods This quasi-experimental study allocated 110 stroke survivors from two neurology wards into an intervention group(n=55)who received the stepped self-care program and a control group(n=55)who received usual care from June to December 2023.The Self-Care of Stroke Inventory,Stroke Self-Efficacy Questionnaire,and the short version of the Stroke Specific Quality of Life Scale were administered at baseline(T0),immediately post-intervention(T_(1)),and at 1-month(T_(2))and 3-month(T_(3))follow-ups.Data were analyzed using repeated measures analyses of variance,and generalized estimating equations.Results A total of 48 participants in the intervention group and 50 participants in the control group completed the study.No statistically significant differences were observed at T0 in any of the measured indicators(all P>0.05).The study showed significant group,time,and group×time interaction effects across the assessed outcomes(all P<0.05).Follow-up between-group comparisons at T_(1),T_(2),and T_(3) indicated that the intervention group had significantly higher scores in self-care maintenance,self-care monitoring,self-care management,self-efficacy,and quality of life than the control group(all P<0.001).Conclusions The stepped self-care program significantly improved self-care behaviors,self-efficacy,and quality of life among stroke survivors.These findings support the broader implementation of this approach in post-discharge home self-care.
基金financially supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province (No.BK20200709)the Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos.62288102,32201127 and 82270113)+2 种基金the Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province (No.2023A1515011386)the Natural Science Foundation of the Jiangsu Higher Education Institutes (No.20KJB430031)the startup fund from Nanjing Tech University,and Disciplinary Fund of School of Pharmaceutical Sciences (2024)。
文摘The field of nanomedicine has been revolutionized by the concept of immunogenic cell death(ICD)-enhanced cancer therapy,which holds immense promise for the efficient treatment of cancer.However,precise delivery of ICD inducer is severely hindered by complex biological barriers.How to design and build intelligent nanoplatform for adaptive and dynamic cancer therapy remains a big challenge.Herein,this article presents the design and preparation of CD44-targeting and ZIF-8 gated gold nanocage(Au@ZH) for programmed delivery of the 1,2-diaminocyclohexane-Pt(Ⅱ)(DACHPt) as ICD inducer.After actively targeting the CD44 on the surface of 4T1 tumor cell,this Pt-Au@ZH can be effectively endocytosed by the 4T1 cell and release the DACHPt in tumor acidic environment,resulting in ICD effect and superior antitumor efficacy both in vitro and in vivo in the presence of mild 808 nm laser irradiation.By integration of internal and external stimuli intelligently,this programmed nanoplatform is poised to become a cornerstone in the pursuit of effective and targeted cancer therapy in the foreseeable future.
基金supported by the National Natural Sci‐ence Foundation of China(Grant No.62306325)。
文摘During the use of robotics in applications such as antiterrorism or combat,a motion-constrained pursuer vehicle,such as a Dubins unmanned surface vehicle(USV),must get close enough(within a prescribed zero or positive distance)to a moving target as quickly as possible,resulting in the extended minimum-time intercept problem(EMTIP).Existing research has primarily focused on the zero-distance intercept problem,MTIP,establishing the necessary or sufficient conditions for MTIP optimality,and utilizing analytic algorithms,such as root-finding algorithms,to calculate the optimal solutions.However,these approaches depend heavily on the properties of the analytic algorithm,making them inapplicable when problem settings change,such as in the case of a positive effective range or complicated target motions outside uniform rectilinear motion.In this study,an approach employing a high-accuracy and quality-guaranteed mixed-integer piecewise-linear program(QG-PWL)is proposed for the EMTIP.This program can accommodate different effective interception ranges and complicated target motions(variable velocity or complicated trajectories).The high accuracy and quality guarantees of QG-PWL originate from elegant strategies such as piecewise linearization and other developed operation strategies.The approximate error in the intercept path length is proved to be bounded to h^(2)/(4√2),where h is the piecewise length.
文摘Editor's Note In his keynote address at the opening ceremony of the Global Leaders'Meeting on Women,held in Beijing on October 13,2025,Chinese President Xi Jinping announced a series of measures China will take,in the next five years,to further support the global cause of women.One of the measures is:China will launch 1,000"small and beautiful"livelihood programs with Chinese assistance that take women and girls as priority beneficiaries.
基金The National Outstanding Young Scientist Foundation by NSFC(No.60703086,60503020)
文摘A two-phase monadic approach is presented for monadically slicing programs with procedures. In the monadic slice algorithm for interprocedural programs, phase 1 initializes the slice table of formal parameters in a procedure with the given labels, and then captures the callees＇ influence on callers when analyzing call statements. Phase 2 captures the callees＇ dependence on callers by replacing all given labels appearing in the corresponding sets of formal parameters. By the introduction of given labels, this slice method can obtain similar summary information in system-dependence-graph（SDG）-based algorithms for addressing the calling-context problem. With the use of the slice monad transformer, this monadic slicing approach achieves a high level of modularity and flexibility. It shows that the monadic interprocedural algorithm has less complexity and it is not less precise than SDG algorithms.
基金The National Natural Science Foundation of China(No60503020)the National Basic Research Program of China (973Program) (No2002CB312000)+1 种基金the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province (NoBK2006094)the Science Research Foundation of China University of Mining and Technology
文摘To solve the problems that the exception handling code is hard to test and maintain and that it affects the robustness and reliability of software, a method for evaluating the exception handling of programs is presented. The exception propagation graph （EPG） that describes the large programs with exception handling constructs is proposed by simplifying the control flow graph and it is applied to a case to verify its validity. According to the EPG, the exception handling code that never executes is identified; the points that are the most critical to controlling exception propagation are found; and the irrational exception handling code is corrected. The constructing algorithm for the EPG is given; thus, this provides a basis for automatically constructing the EPG and automatically correcting the irrational exception handling code.
基金Supported by The Chung-Ang University Research Grants in 2011
文摘AIM:To investigate the outcome and effectiveness of two screening programs,National Cancer Screening Program(NCSP)and opportunistic screening(OS),for the detection of gastric cancer. METHODS:A total of 45 654 subjects underwent upper endoscopy as part of the NCSP or OS at the Chung-Ang University Healthcare System in Korea between January 2007 and December 2010.The study population was comprised of subjects over the age of 40 years.More specifically,subjects who took part in the NCSP were Medicaid recipients and beneficiaries of the National Health Insurance Corporation.Still photo-graphs from the endoscopies diagnosed as gastric cancer were reviewed by two experienced endoscopists. RESULTS:The mean age of the screened subjects was 55 years for men and 54 years for women.A total of 126 cases(0.28%)of gastric cancer were detected from both screening programs;100 cases(0.3%)from NCSP and in 26 cases(0.2%)from OS.The proportion of early gastric cancer(EGC)detected in NCSP was higher than that in OS(74.0%vs 53.8%,P=0.046). Among the 34 416 screenees in NCSP,6585(19.1%) underwent upper endoscopy every other year as scheduled.Among the 11 238 screenees in OS,3050(27.1%) underwent upper endoscopy at least once every two years during the study period.The detection rate of gastric cancer was found to be significantly higher during irregular follow-up than during regular follow-up in both screening programs(0.3%vs 0.2%,P=0.036).A higher incidence of EGC than advanced gastric cancer was observed during regular follow-up compared with irregular follow-up. CONCLUSION:Compliance to the screening program is more important than the type of screening system used.
基金Sponsored by National Key Technology Research and Development Program in 12th Five-year Plan of China(2013BAE07B00)
文摘Greenhouse gases, particularly the carbon dioxide, cause global warming and extreme weather, which has become a serious threat to human beings. The steel industry creates enormous amounts of carbon emission and has tremendous potential in carbon reduction. Considering the consistently increasing demand of iron and steel, to obtain significant carbon reduction by reducing the steel production is not practical, thus the development and implementa- tion of carbon reduction programs and technologies is important for the steel industry. Despite the significant poten- tial of carbon reduction in the steel industry, ironmaking and steelmaking processes are complex. Therefore, resear- ches and developments for the carbon reduction must focus on key processes. Here, key processes and technologies adopted in ULCOS program in EU, COURSE 50 program in Japan, POSCO program in South Korea, AISI pro- grams in US and other carbon reduction programs are summarized and evaluated, and feasible suggestions for carbon reduction in developing countries are presented. If effective measures can be referred to and taken in developing coun- tries, global carbon emission can be greatly reduced.
基金supported by the International S&T Cooperation Program (2008DFA31120)the National Importation of Agriculture Advanced Technology 948 Project of China (2010-C14)+2 种基金the Special Fund for Agro-Scientific Research in the Public Interest,China (nyhyzx07-36)the National Key Technologies R&D Program of China (2006BAD04A01)the Ear-marked Fund for Modern Agro-Industry Technology Research System,China (CARS-37)
文摘Current study adopted gene flow theory and selection index method to compare the breeding efficiency of three breeding plans in the Chinese Holstein cattle using ZPLAN software. Simulated conventional progeny-testing program （PT） and young sire program （YS） were compared with breeding program using genomic selection （GS） taking parameters derived from Chinese Holstein breeding system. The results showed that, GS shortened generation interval by 1.5-2.2 years, and increased the genetic progress by 30-50%, comparing to PT and YS, respectively. Economic analysis showed that GS could obtain a higher breeding efficiency, being 119 and 97% higher than that of PT and YS, respectively; and GS was also powerful in improving functional traits with a low heritability. Main factors affecting breeding efficiency in GS were further discussed, including selection intensity, accuracy and the cost of SNP genotyping. Our finding provided references for future designing and implementing GS in Chinese dairy population.
基金Supported by The National Institutes of Health’s National Institute on Minority Health and Health Disparities,No.#1P20MD002295
文摘AIM: To assess the effectiveness of the Chronic Disease Self-Management Program(CDSMP) on glycated hemoglobin A1c(HbA1c) and selected self-reported measures.METHODS: We compared patients who received a diabetes self-care behavioral intervention, the CDSMP developed at the Stanford University, with controls whoreceived usual care on their HbA1c and selected self-reported measures, including diabetes self-care activities, health-related quality of life(HRQOL), pain and fatigue. The subjects were a subset of participants enrolled in a randomized controlled trial that took place at seven regional clinics of a university-affiliated integrated healthcare system of a multi-specialty group practice between January 2009 and June 2011. The primary outcome was change in HbA1c from randomization to 12 mo. Data were analyzed using multilevel statistical models and linear mixed models to provide unbiased estimates of intervention effects.RESULTS: Demographic and baseline clinical characteristics were generally comparable between the two groups. The average baseline HbA1c values in the CDSMP and control groups were 9.4% and 9.2%, respectively. Significant reductions in HbA1c were seen at 12 mo for the two groups, with adjusted changes around 0.6%(P < 0.0001), but the reductions did not differ significantly between the two groups(P = 0.885). Few significant differences were observed in participants' diabetes self-care activities. No significant differences were observed in the participants' HRQOL, pain, or fatigue measures.CONCLUSION: The CDSMP intervention may not lower HbA1c any better than good routine care in an integrated healthcare system. More research is needed to understand the benefits of self-management programs in primary care in different settings and populations.
