Mitigative effect of La on Glycine max seedlings under combined Pb and Cd pollution was studied through pot culture experiment. The results show that the growth and metabolism of Glycine max seedlings are inhibited by...Mitigative effect of La on Glycine max seedlings under combined Pb and Cd pollution was studied through pot culture experiment. The results show that the growth and metabolism of Glycine max seedlings are inhibited by the solution with 500 mg.L-1 Pb + 100 mg.L-1 Cd. When 30 mg. L-1 LaCl3 is used to spray Glycine max seedlings once, the injury effect of combined Pb and Cd pollution is reduced. The experiment proves that the effect is related to La which can raise photosynthetic rate, chlorophyll content and activity of nitrate reductase, and reduce cell membrane permeability, content of Pb and Cd, and keep TTC reduction ability of Glycine max seedling.展开更多
Background The enteric methane inhibitor 3-nitrooxypropanol(3-NOP)inhibits the key enzyme in ruminal methanogenesis,but whether short-term(ST)and long-term(LT)dietary supplementation has similar effects on rumen micro...Background The enteric methane inhibitor 3-nitrooxypropanol(3-NOP)inhibits the key enzyme in ruminal methanogenesis,but whether short-term(ST)and long-term(LT)dietary supplementation has similar effects on rumen microbiota in beef cattle and how microbes change after 3-NOP withdrawal have not been studied.This study investigated changes in rumen bacteria,archaea,and protozoa after ST and LT dietary supplementation and removal of 3-NOP using metataxonomic analysis.Results A total of 143 rumen samples were collected from two beef cattle studies with 3-NOP supplementation.The ST study(95 samples)used eight ruminally cannulated beef cattle in a 4×4 Latin square design with four 28-d of 3-NOP treatments[mg/kg of dry matter(DM)]:control:0,low:53,med:161,and high:345.The LT study(48 samples)was a completely randomized design with two 3-NOP treatments[control:0,and high:280 mg/kg of DM)fed for 112-d followed by a 16-d withdrawal(without 3-NOP).Bacterial and archaeal communities were significantly affected by 3-NOP supplementation but limited effects on protozoal communities were observed.Under ST supplementation,the relative abundances of Prevotella,Methanobrevibacter(Mbb.)ruminantium,Methanosphaera sp.ISO3-F5,and Entodinium were increased(Q<0.05),whereas those of Mbb.gottschalkii and Epidinium were decreased(Q<0.05)with 3-NOP supplementation.In LT study,relative abundances of Mbb.ruminantium,and Methanosphaera sp.Group5 were increased(Q<0.05),while those of Saccharofermentans and Mbb.gottschalkii were decreased(Q<0.05)with 3-NOP supplementation.Comparison between 3-NOP supplementation and the withdrawal revealed increased relative abundances of Clostridia UCG-014 and Oscillospiraceae NK4A214 group and decreased those of Eubacterium nodatum group and Methanosphaera sp.Group5(P<0.05)after 3-NOP withdrawal.Further comparison of rumen microbiota between control and 3-NOP withdrawal showed significantly higher(P=0.029)relative abundances of Eggerthellaceae DNF00809,p-1088-a5 gut group,and Family XII UCG-001 in control group while no significant differences were detected for archaea and protozoa.Microbial network analysis revealed that microbial interactions differed by both 3-NOP dose and durations.Conclusions Both ST and LT supplementation affected overall rumen microbial profile,with individual microbial groups responded to 3-NOP supplementation differently.After 3-NOP withdrawal,not all microbes showed recovery,indicating that the 3-NOP driven shifts were only partially reversible.These findings provide an understanding of the effects of 3-NOP on rumen microbial communities and their adaptability to methane mitigation strategies.展开更多
This study examined the role of green energy development in mitigating climate change and fostering sustainable development in Central Asia including Kazakhstan,Uzbekistan,Kyrgyzstan,Tajikistan,and Turkmenistan.The re...This study examined the role of green energy development in mitigating climate change and fostering sustainable development in Central Asia including Kazakhstan,Uzbekistan,Kyrgyzstan,Tajikistan,and Turkmenistan.The region has substantial untapped potential in solar energy,wind energy,hydropower energy,as well as biomass and bioenergy,positioning it strategically for renewable energy deployment.The result demonstrated that integrating renewable energy can reduce greenhouse gas emissions,improve air quality,enhance energy security,and support rural development.Case studies from Kazakhstan,Uzbekistan,Kyrgyzstan,and Tajikistan showed measurable environmental and economic benefits.However,the large-scale use of renewable energy still faces numerous barriers,including outdated infrastructure,fragmented regulatory frameworks,limited investment,and shortages of technical expertise.Overcoming these obstacles requires institutional reform,stronger regional cooperation,and increasing engagement from international financial institutions and private investors.Modernizing grids,deploying storage systems,and investing in education,research,and innovation are critical for building human capacity in renewable energy sector.Accelerating the renewable energy transition is essential for Central Asia to meet climate goals,enhance environmental resilience,and ensure long-term socioeconomic development through innovation,investment,and regional collaboration.展开更多
Background Methane(CH_(4))emissions from ruminants significantly contribute to greenhouse gas effects and energy loss in livestock production.Methyl-coenzyme M reductase(MCR)is the key enzyme in methanogenesis,making ...Background Methane(CH_(4))emissions from ruminants significantly contribute to greenhouse gas effects and energy loss in livestock production.Methyl-coenzyme M reductase(MCR)is the key enzyme in methanogenesis,making it a promising target for CH_(4) mitigation.This study aimed to identify and validate plant-derived inhibitors by using molecular docking to screen compounds with strong binding affinity to the F430 active site of MCR and assessing their efficacy in reducing CH_(4) emissions.Results Molecular docking analysis identified salvianolic acid C(SAC)as a potent inhibitor of MCR,showing a strong binding affinity to the F430 active site(binding energy:-8.2 kcal/mol).Enzymatic inhibition assays confirmed its inhibitory effect,with a half-maximal inhibitory concentration(IC50)of 692.3μmol/L.In vitro rumen fermentation experiments demonstrated that SAC supplementation(1.5 mg/g DM)significantly reduced CH_(4)production(P<0.01)without negatively affecting major fermentation parameters.Microbial community analysis using 16S rRNA sequencing and metagenomics revealed that SAC selectively altered the rumen microbiota,increasing the relative abundance of Bacteroidota while significantly reducing Methanobrevibacter(P=0.04).Moreover,metagenomic analysis showed the downregulation of key methanogenesis-related genes(mcrA and rnfC),suggesting a dual mechanism involving direct enzymatic inhibition and microbial community modulation.Conclusions These findings indicate that SAC effectively reduces CH_(4)production by inhibiting MCR activity and reshaping the rumen microbial community.As a plant-derived compound with strong inhibitory effects on methanogenesis,SAC presents a promising and sustainable alternative to synthetic CH_(4) inhibitors,offering potential applications for mitigating CH_(4)emissions in livestock production.展开更多
In order to address environmental pollution and resource depletion caused by traditional power generation,this paper proposes an adaptive iterative dynamic-balance optimization algorithm that integrates the Improved D...In order to address environmental pollution and resource depletion caused by traditional power generation,this paper proposes an adaptive iterative dynamic-balance optimization algorithm that integrates the Improved Dung Beetle Optimizer(IDBO)with VariationalMode Decomposition(VMD).The IDBO-VMD method is designed to enhance the accuracy and efficiency of wind-speed time-series decomposition and to effectively smooth photovoltaic power fluctuations.This study innovatively improves the traditional variational mode decomposition(VMD)algorithm,and significantly improves the accuracy and adaptive ability of signal decomposition by IDBO selfoptimization of key parameters K and a.On this basis,Fourier transform technology is used to define the boundary point between high frequency and low frequency signals,and a targeted energy distribution strategy is proposed:high frequency fluctuations are allocated to supercapacitors to quickly respond to transient power fluctuations;Lowfrequency components are distributed to lead-carbon batteries,optimizing long-term energy storage and scheduling efficiency.This strategy effectively improves the response speed and stability of the energy storage system.The experimental results demonstrate that the IDBO-VMD algorithm markedly outperforms traditional methods in both decomposition accuracy and computational efficiency.Specifically,it effectively reduces the charge–discharge frequency of the battery,prolongs battery life,and optimizes the operating ranges of the state-of-charge(SOC)for both leadcarbon batteries and supercapacitors.In addition,the energy management strategy based on the algorithm not only improves the overall energy utilization efficiency of the system,but also shows excellent performance in the dynamic management and intelligent scheduling of renewable energy generation.展开更多
The scaling-up of electrochemical CO_(2)reduction requires circumventing the CO_(2)loss as carbonates under alkaline conditions.Zero-gap MEA cell configurations with a proton exchange membrane represent an alternative...The scaling-up of electrochemical CO_(2)reduction requires circumventing the CO_(2)loss as carbonates under alkaline conditions.Zero-gap MEA cell configurations with a proton exchange membrane represent an alternative solution in a pure acidic system,but the catalyst layer in direct contact with the hydrated proton environment usually leads to H_(2)evolution dominating.Herein,we show that polydimethyldiallyl-ammonium-chloride-coated Ag(Ag@PDDA)electrode exhibits outstanding performance with a FE of 86%,a single-pass conversion of 72%,and a stability of 28 h for CO production in pure-acid MEA compared with ammonium poly(N-methyl-piperidine-co-pterphenyl)decorated Ag(Ag/QAPPT)and cetyltrimethylammonium bromide decorated Ag(Ag/CTAB).The in situ ATR-SEIRAS reveal that PDDA creates a positive charge-rich protective outer layer and an N-rich hybrid inner layer,which not only suppresses the migration of H+during the electrolysis process and blocks the direct contact between H2O and Ag catalyst,but also promotes the generation from CO_(2)to*COOH in a pure-acid system.This work highlights the importance of polyelectrolyte engineering in regulating the electrocatalytic interface and accelerates the development of proton exchange membrane CO_(2)electrolysis.展开更多
On July 2^(nd),2025,32 scientists representing 15 countries gathered at Tartu,Estonia to make on-site endorsements for the Global ONCE(Ocean Negative Carbon Emissions)Program at the 12th INTECOL Wetlands Conference.Th...On July 2^(nd),2025,32 scientists representing 15 countries gathered at Tartu,Estonia to make on-site endorsements for the Global ONCE(Ocean Negative Carbon Emissions)Program at the 12th INTECOL Wetlands Conference.This marks a significant milestone for ONCE in establishing a systematic framework for coastal wetland carbon sequestration research and global collaboration(Figs.1,2).Coastal wetlands are critical transition zones linking terrestrial and marine ecosystems,yet they face severe degradation from anthropogenic land-based activities and sea level rise that propagate impacts to the ocean.As a UN Ocean Decade Program,the Global ONCE Program champions interdisciplinary and cross-regional collaboration to enhance carbon sequestration in the ocean and coastal wetlands through science and innovation.Aligned with the Tartu Declaration on Wetlands that includes resolutions to promote the rights of global wetlands(especially peatlands)and advance the discipline of wetland science based on facts,this initiative addresses key knowledge gaps in land-ocean interactions.The goal is to harness the full potential of coastal wetlands and ocean systems for climate mitigation,thereby laying a scientific foundation for international policy formulation and implementation.展开更多
1.Introduction Climate change mitigation pathways aimed at limiting global anthropogenic carbon dioxide(CO_(2))emissions while striving to constrain the global temperature increase to below 2℃—as outlined by the Int...1.Introduction Climate change mitigation pathways aimed at limiting global anthropogenic carbon dioxide(CO_(2))emissions while striving to constrain the global temperature increase to below 2℃—as outlined by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change(IPCC)—consistently predict the widespread implementation of CO_(2)geological storage on a global scale.展开更多
Due to space constraints in mountainous areas,twin tunnels are sometimes constructed very close to each other or even overlap.This proximity challenges the structural stability of tunnels built with the drill-and-blas...Due to space constraints in mountainous areas,twin tunnels are sometimes constructed very close to each other or even overlap.This proximity challenges the structural stability of tunnels built with the drill-and-blast method,as the short propagation distance amplifies blasting vibrations.A case of blasting damage is reported in this paper,where concrete cracks crossed construction joints in the twin-arch lining.To identify the causes of these cracks and develop effective vibration mitigation measures,field monitoring and numerical analysis were conducted.Specifically,a restart method was used to simulate the second peak particle velocity(PPV)of MS3 delays occurring 50 ms after the MS1 delays.The study found that the dynamic tensile stress in the tunnel induced by the blast wave has a linear relationship with the of the product of the concrete wave impedance and the PPV.A blast vibration velocity exceeding 23.3 cm/s resulted in tensile stress in the lining surpassing the ultimate tensile strength of C30 concrete,leading to tensile cracking on the blast-facing arch of the constructed tunnel.To control excessive vi-bration velocity,a mitigation trench was implemented to reduce blast wave impact.The trench,approximately 15 m in length,50 cm in width,and 450 cm in height,effectively lowered vibration ve-locities,achieving an average reduction rate of 52%according to numerical analysis.A key innovation of this study is the on-site implementation and validation of the trench's effectiveness in mitigating vi-brations.A feasible trench construction configuration was proposed to overcome the limitations of a single trench in fully controlling vibrations.To further enhance protection,zoned blasting and an auxiliary rock pillar,80 cm in width,were incorporated to reinforce the mid-wall.This study introduces novel strategies for vibration protection in tunnel blasting,offering innovative solutions to address blasting-induced vibrations and effectively minimize their impact,thereby enhancing safety and struc-tural stability.展开更多
This paper proposes that China,under the challenge of balancing its development and security,can aim for the Paris Agreement's goal to limit global warming to no more than 2℃by actively seeking carbonpeak and car...This paper proposes that China,under the challenge of balancing its development and security,can aim for the Paris Agreement's goal to limit global warming to no more than 2℃by actively seeking carbonpeak and carbon-neutrality pathways that align with China's national conditions,rather than following the idealized path toward the 1.5℃target by initially relying on extensive negative-emission technologies such as direct air carbon capture and storage(DACCS).This work suggests that pursuing a 1.5℃target is increasingly less feasible for China,as it would potentially incur 3–4 times the cost of pursuing the 2℃target.With China being likely to achieve a peak in its emissions around 2028,at about 12.8 billion tonnes of anthropogenic carbon dioxide(CO_(2)),and become carbon neutral,projected global warming levels may be less severe after the 2050s than previously estimated.This could reduce the risk potential of climate tipping points and extreme events,especially considering that the other two major carbon emitters in the world(Europe and North America)have already passed their carbon peaks.While natural carbon sinks will contribute to China's carbon neutrality efforts,they are not expected to be decisive in the transition stages.This research also addresses the growing focus on climate overshoot,tipping points,extreme events,loss and damage,and methane reductions in international climate cooperation,emphasizing the need to balance these issues with China's development,security,and fairness considerations.China's pursuit of carbon neutrality will have significant implications for global emissions scenarios,warming levels,and extreme event projections,as well as for climate change hotspots of international concern,such as climate tipping points,the climate crisis,and the notion that the world has moved from a warming to a boiling era.Possible research recommendations for global emissions scenarios based on China's 2℃target pathway are also summarized.展开更多
As an effective strategy to address urban traffic congestion,traffic flow prediction has gained attention from Federated-Learning(FL)researchers due FL’s ability to preserving data privacy.However,existing methods fa...As an effective strategy to address urban traffic congestion,traffic flow prediction has gained attention from Federated-Learning(FL)researchers due FL’s ability to preserving data privacy.However,existing methods face challenges:some are too simplistic to capture complex traffic patterns effectively,and others are overly complex,leading to excessive communication overhead between cloud and edge devices.Moreover,the problem of single point failure limits their robustness and reliability in real-world applications.To tackle these challenges,this paper proposes a new method,CMBA-FL,a Communication-Mitigated and Blockchain-Assisted Federated Learning model.First,CMBA-FL improves the client model’s ability to capture temporal traffic patterns by employing the Encoder-Decoder framework for each edge device.Second,to reduce the communication overhead during federated learning,we introduce a verification method based on parameter update consistency,avoiding unnecessary parameter updates.Third,to mitigate the risk of a single point of failure,we integrate consensus mechanisms from blockchain technology.To validate the effectiveness of CMBA-FL,we assess its performance on two widely used traffic datasets.Our experimental results show that CMBA-FL reduces prediction error by 11.46%,significantly lowers communication overhead,and improves security.展开更多
Effective wildland fire management requires real-time access to comprehensive and distilled information from different data sources.The Digital Twin technology becomes a promising tool in optimizing the processes of w...Effective wildland fire management requires real-time access to comprehensive and distilled information from different data sources.The Digital Twin technology becomes a promising tool in optimizing the processes of wildfire pre-vention,monitoring,disaster response,and post-fire recovery.This review examines the potential utility of Digital Twin in wildfire management and aims to inspire further exploration and experimentation by researchers and practitioners in the fields of environment,forestry,fire ecology,and firefighting services.By creating virtual replicas of wildfire in the physical world,a Digital Twin platform facilitates data integration from multiple sources,such as remote sensing,weather forecast-ing,and ground-based sensors,providing a holistic view of emergency response and decision-making.Furthermore,Digital Twin can support simulation-based training and scenario testing for prescribed fire planning and firefighting to improve preparedness and response to evacuation and rescue.Successful applications of Digital Twin in wildfire management require horizontal collaboration among researchers,practitioners,and stakeholders,as well as enhanced resource sharing and data exchange.This review seeks a deeper understanding of future wildland fire management from a technological perspective and inspiration of future research and implementation.Further research should focus on refining and validating Digital Twin models and the integration into existing fire management operations,and then demonstrating them in real wildland fires.展开更多
The fast growth of mobile autonomous machines from traditional equipment to unmanned autonomous vehicles has fueled the demand for accurate and reliable localization solutions in diverse application domains.Ultra Wide...The fast growth of mobile autonomous machines from traditional equipment to unmanned autonomous vehicles has fueled the demand for accurate and reliable localization solutions in diverse application domains.Ultra Wide Band(UWB)technology has emerged as a promising candidate for addressing this need,offering high precision,immunity to multipath interference,and robust performance in challenging environments.In this comprehensive survey,we systematically explore UWB-based localization for mobile autonomous machines,spanning from fundamental principles to future trends.To the best of our knowledge,this review paper stands as the pioneer in systematically dissecting the algorithms of UWB-based localization for mobile autonomous machines,covering a spectrum from bottom-ranging schemes to advanced sensor fusion,error mitigation,and optimization techniques.By synthesizing existing knowledge,evaluating current methodologies,and highlighting future trends,this review aims to catalyze progress and innovation in the field,unlocking new opportunities for mobile autonomous machine applications across diverse industries and domains.Thus,it serves as a valuable resource for researchers,practitioners,and stakeholders interested in advancing the state-of-the-art UWB-based localization for mobile autonomous machines.展开更多
As centers of human activity,cities concentrate populations,resources,and wealth in limited areas.According to the United Nations,55%of the global population now lives in urban areas[1].Moreover,the World Economic Fo...As centers of human activity,cities concentrate populations,resources,and wealth in limited areas.According to the United Nations,55%of the global population now lives in urban areas[1].Moreover,the World Economic Forum’s“Global Risks Report 2023”[2]highlights natural disasters as a major threat to sustainable development,especially for densely populated cities.展开更多
Phosphorus(P)poses a global challenge to the environment and human health due to its natural association with heavy metals.Sustainable use of P is crucial to ensure food security for future generations.An analysis of ...Phosphorus(P)poses a global challenge to the environment and human health due to its natural association with heavy metals.Sustainable use of P is crucial to ensure food security for future generations.An analysis of the 150 phosphate fertilizers stored at the Institute for Crop and Soil Science in Germany has been conducted,supplemented by previously published data.The elements Cd,Bi,U,Cr,Zn,Tl,As,B,Sb,Ni,and Se are found in higher concentrations in sedimentary derived phosphates compared to igneous derived phosphates.Mineral fertilizers contain more than ten times the amount of U,Cd,B,and As compared to farmyard manure.Principal component analyses(PCA)indicate that U,Cd,Be,and Cr are primarily present in sedimentary derived phosphates and their concentrations are 2 to 10 times higher than those in igneous derived phosphates.Regarding heavy metal contamination,over 1000 potential combinations were identified;36% of these were significant but weak(>0.1).It is estimated that approximately 707 t of uranium enter farmland annually through the application of mineral phosphate fertilizers in European countries.This contribution addresses environmental issues related to the utilization of rock phosphate as well as alternative production methods for cleaner and safer phosphate fertilizers while presenting a roadmap with measures for mitigation.展开更多
In this paper,a double-effect DNN-based Digital Back-Propagation(DBP)scheme is proposed and studied to achieve the Integrated Communication and Sensing(ICS)ability,which can not only realize nonlinear damage mitigatio...In this paper,a double-effect DNN-based Digital Back-Propagation(DBP)scheme is proposed and studied to achieve the Integrated Communication and Sensing(ICS)ability,which can not only realize nonlinear damage mitigation but also monitor the optical power and dispersion profile over multi-span links.The link status information can be extracted by the characteristics of the learned optical fiber parameters without any other measuring instruments.The efficiency and feasibility of this method have been investigated in different fiber link conditions,including various launch power,transmission distance,and the location and the amount of the abnormal losses.A good monitoring performance can be obtained while the launch optical power is 2 dBm which does not affect the normal operation of the optical communication system and the step size of DBP is 20 km which can provide a better distance resolution.This scheme successfully detects the location of single or multiple optical attenuators in long-distance multi-span fiber links,including different abnormal losses of 2 dB,4 dB,and 6 dB in 360 km and serval combinations of abnormal losses of(1 dB,5 dB),(3 dB,3 dB),(5 dB,1 dB)in 360 km and 760 km.Meanwhile,the transfer relationship of the estimated coefficient values with different step sizes is further investigated to reduce the complexity of the fiber nonlinear damage compensation.These results provide an attractive approach for precisely sensing the optical fiber link status information and making correct strategies timely to ensure optical communication system operations.展开更多
Inflammatory bowel disease(IBD)comprises a heterogeneous group of chronic inflammatory conditions of the intestine.Current therapeutic strategies primarily focus on maintaining remission and mitigating the secondary e...Inflammatory bowel disease(IBD)comprises a heterogeneous group of chronic inflammatory conditions of the intestine.Current therapeutic strategies primarily focus on maintaining remission and mitigating the secondary effects rather than reversing its pathogenic mechanisms(Jeong et al.,2019).The pathogenesis of IBD involves intestinal barrier dysfunction,tissue damage,and dysregulated innate and adaptive immune responses(de Souza et al.,2017).Elevated neutrophil activity has been reported in IBD(Danne et al.,2024),yet the precise roles and mechanisms of neutrophils in disease progression remain to be elucidated.展开更多
The evacuation of people under threat is an effective disaster prevention and mitigation measure in response to flash floods and geological hazards,and it is also an essential element of pre-disaster planning.However,...The evacuation of people under threat is an effective disaster prevention and mitigation measure in response to flash floods and geological hazards,and it is also an essential element of pre-disaster planning.However,the effect of the interactions between perception factors on residents'willingness to evacuate is an urgent problem to be solved.Therefore,this paper introduces risk,stakeholder,and protective action perceptions from the protective action decision model as the main explanatory variables.These three core perceptions are subdivided into affective risk perception,cognitive risk perception,government perception,other-stakeholder perception,resourcerelated attributes,and hazard-related attributes.A questionnaire survey was conducted from June to July 2023 among residents of mountainous communities in nine villages in three towns in Sichuan Province,China.359 cross-sectional data were analyzed using structural equation modeling to explore the effects of six perception factors on evacuation intentions.The results of the study showed that:(1)affective risk perception,government perception,other-stakeholder perception,and hazard-related attributes all directly and positively influence residents'intentions to evacuate;(2)cognitive risk perception is mediated by stakeholder and protective action perceptions,which indirectly and positively affect residents'intentions to evacuate.Based on the hypothesized paths,strategies to improve residents'willingness to evacuate are discussed from the perspective of three core perceptions:strengthening disaster risk education,improving residents'cohesion,and building government credibility.The results of this study can provide theoretical support and practical suggestions for emergency management departments to formulate emergency evacuation strategies,which can aid decision-makers in better understanding residents'intentions to evacuate,optimizing evacuation information dissemination pathways,and strengthening disaster risk management capabilities.展开更多
Various technologies and projects have been explored and developed for the synergetic control of environmental pollution and carbon emissions in aquatic ecosystems.Planting submerged vegetation in shallow waters was a...Various technologies and projects have been explored and developed for the synergetic control of environmental pollution and carbon emissions in aquatic ecosystems.Planting submerged vegetation in shallow waters was also expected to achieve this purpose.However,the magnitude and mechanism of carbon dioxide(CO_(2))emission affected by submerged vegetation is not clear enough in complex aquatic ecosystems.This study investigated the influences of submerged plants on CO_(2)emission,ecosystem metabolism features,and microbial community traits based on observations in river networks on the Changjiang River Delta.The results showed that CO_(2)emission from planted waters accounted for 73%of unplanted waters.Meanwhile,planted waters had higher dissolved organic carbon removal capacity in overlying water and higher potential of carbon sequestration in sediment at the same time.These distinctions between the two habitats were attributed to(1)improved CO_(2)and bicarbonate consumption in water columns via enhancing photosynthesis and(2)inhibited CO_(2)production by reconstructing the benthic microbial community.Additional eco-advantages were found in planted sediments,such as a high potential of methane oxidation and xenobiotics biodegradation and a low risk of becoming black and odorous.In brief,submerged vegetation is beneficial in promoting pollution removal and carbon retention synchronously.This study advances our understanding of the feedback between aquatic metabolism and CO_(2)emission.展开更多
Humans have always engaged with their surroundings and the ecology in which they live.However,during the industrial age,this contact has been more intense and has had a substantial impact on environment and ecosystems...Humans have always engaged with their surroundings and the ecology in which they live.However,during the industrial age,this contact has been more intense and has had a substantial impact on environment and ecosystems.For example,overexploitation of natural resources,mining,pollution,and deforestation are all elements that negatively affect biodiversity and natural resources.Few studies have been conducted to evaluate the damage caused,despite the significant uncontrolled pressure from human activity.However,maintaining its environment is essential to the survival of coastal fishing.Goal:This study’s goal was to evaluate how human activity affected Tabounsou’s coastal ecology in order to suggest remedial actions for sustainable management.The following was the methodological approach used:executive consultation and archival analysis;stakeholder survey(locals,farmers,salt producers,fishers,and loggers);inventory of species;anthropogenic activity inventory;evaluation of how human activity affects aquatic life in the research region;suggestion and action for sustainable management;Outcome:Executive consultation indicated that the main issues are:construction projects that reduce the estuary’s surface area;agricultural practices such as woodcutting and salt farming;the rise in resource exploitation;noncompliance with fisheries laws;and the catching of young fish.Eighty-three percent of fisherman ditch their nets on the coast after using them,but only seventeen percent burn them.With a 75%frequency rate,the same survey indicates that most fisherman fish around the coast.In the Tabounsou area,according to loggers’survey,68%of the wood cut is Rhizophora,24%is Avicennia,and 8%is Laguncularia.Three fish stocks,representing nine families and nine species,were identified by the species inventory.At 18%and 15%,respectively,the actors most frequently capture the species Pseudotolithus elongatus and Arius parkii.According to a poll of 30 farmers,90%of them apply fertilizer to their soil,while only 10%do not.During the dry season,salt is grown.According to two actors,Bougna Toro Toro produces 100 kg of salt per day,followed by Khoumawadé,which produces 80 kg,and Toumbibougni,which produces 70 kg.展开更多
文摘Mitigative effect of La on Glycine max seedlings under combined Pb and Cd pollution was studied through pot culture experiment. The results show that the growth and metabolism of Glycine max seedlings are inhibited by the solution with 500 mg.L-1 Pb + 100 mg.L-1 Cd. When 30 mg. L-1 LaCl3 is used to spray Glycine max seedlings once, the injury effect of combined Pb and Cd pollution is reduced. The experiment proves that the effect is related to La which can raise photosynthetic rate, chlorophyll content and activity of nitrate reductase, and reduce cell membrane permeability, content of Pb and Cd, and keep TTC reduction ability of Glycine max seedling.
基金funded by the Beef Cattle Research Council Cluster(FDE.18.21C)Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada(NSERC)Discovery,NSERC Canadian Research Chair(Tier 1)program+2 种基金NSERC Alliance program(ALLRP 588541‐23)Foundation for Food&Agriculture Research Greener Cattle Initiative(Award ID 22‐000373)DSM Nutritional Products,Kaiseraugst,Switzerland。
文摘Background The enteric methane inhibitor 3-nitrooxypropanol(3-NOP)inhibits the key enzyme in ruminal methanogenesis,but whether short-term(ST)and long-term(LT)dietary supplementation has similar effects on rumen microbiota in beef cattle and how microbes change after 3-NOP withdrawal have not been studied.This study investigated changes in rumen bacteria,archaea,and protozoa after ST and LT dietary supplementation and removal of 3-NOP using metataxonomic analysis.Results A total of 143 rumen samples were collected from two beef cattle studies with 3-NOP supplementation.The ST study(95 samples)used eight ruminally cannulated beef cattle in a 4×4 Latin square design with four 28-d of 3-NOP treatments[mg/kg of dry matter(DM)]:control:0,low:53,med:161,and high:345.The LT study(48 samples)was a completely randomized design with two 3-NOP treatments[control:0,and high:280 mg/kg of DM)fed for 112-d followed by a 16-d withdrawal(without 3-NOP).Bacterial and archaeal communities were significantly affected by 3-NOP supplementation but limited effects on protozoal communities were observed.Under ST supplementation,the relative abundances of Prevotella,Methanobrevibacter(Mbb.)ruminantium,Methanosphaera sp.ISO3-F5,and Entodinium were increased(Q<0.05),whereas those of Mbb.gottschalkii and Epidinium were decreased(Q<0.05)with 3-NOP supplementation.In LT study,relative abundances of Mbb.ruminantium,and Methanosphaera sp.Group5 were increased(Q<0.05),while those of Saccharofermentans and Mbb.gottschalkii were decreased(Q<0.05)with 3-NOP supplementation.Comparison between 3-NOP supplementation and the withdrawal revealed increased relative abundances of Clostridia UCG-014 and Oscillospiraceae NK4A214 group and decreased those of Eubacterium nodatum group and Methanosphaera sp.Group5(P<0.05)after 3-NOP withdrawal.Further comparison of rumen microbiota between control and 3-NOP withdrawal showed significantly higher(P=0.029)relative abundances of Eggerthellaceae DNF00809,p-1088-a5 gut group,and Family XII UCG-001 in control group while no significant differences were detected for archaea and protozoa.Microbial network analysis revealed that microbial interactions differed by both 3-NOP dose and durations.Conclusions Both ST and LT supplementation affected overall rumen microbial profile,with individual microbial groups responded to 3-NOP supplementation differently.After 3-NOP withdrawal,not all microbes showed recovery,indicating that the 3-NOP driven shifts were only partially reversible.These findings provide an understanding of the effects of 3-NOP on rumen microbial communities and their adaptability to methane mitigation strategies.
文摘This study examined the role of green energy development in mitigating climate change and fostering sustainable development in Central Asia including Kazakhstan,Uzbekistan,Kyrgyzstan,Tajikistan,and Turkmenistan.The region has substantial untapped potential in solar energy,wind energy,hydropower energy,as well as biomass and bioenergy,positioning it strategically for renewable energy deployment.The result demonstrated that integrating renewable energy can reduce greenhouse gas emissions,improve air quality,enhance energy security,and support rural development.Case studies from Kazakhstan,Uzbekistan,Kyrgyzstan,and Tajikistan showed measurable environmental and economic benefits.However,the large-scale use of renewable energy still faces numerous barriers,including outdated infrastructure,fragmented regulatory frameworks,limited investment,and shortages of technical expertise.Overcoming these obstacles requires institutional reform,stronger regional cooperation,and increasing engagement from international financial institutions and private investors.Modernizing grids,deploying storage systems,and investing in education,research,and innovation are critical for building human capacity in renewable energy sector.Accelerating the renewable energy transition is essential for Central Asia to meet climate goals,enhance environmental resilience,and ensure long-term socioeconomic development through innovation,investment,and regional collaboration.
基金funded by the Integrated Demonstration of Scalable and Efficient Healthy Breeding for Cattle and Sheep(Grant No.2022YFD1301100)Instant Intelligent Diagnosis and Risk Warning Methods for Nutritional and Metabolic-Type Periparturient Cow Paralysis(Grant No.2024-YWF-ZYSQ-10)。
文摘Background Methane(CH_(4))emissions from ruminants significantly contribute to greenhouse gas effects and energy loss in livestock production.Methyl-coenzyme M reductase(MCR)is the key enzyme in methanogenesis,making it a promising target for CH_(4) mitigation.This study aimed to identify and validate plant-derived inhibitors by using molecular docking to screen compounds with strong binding affinity to the F430 active site of MCR and assessing their efficacy in reducing CH_(4) emissions.Results Molecular docking analysis identified salvianolic acid C(SAC)as a potent inhibitor of MCR,showing a strong binding affinity to the F430 active site(binding energy:-8.2 kcal/mol).Enzymatic inhibition assays confirmed its inhibitory effect,with a half-maximal inhibitory concentration(IC50)of 692.3μmol/L.In vitro rumen fermentation experiments demonstrated that SAC supplementation(1.5 mg/g DM)significantly reduced CH_(4)production(P<0.01)without negatively affecting major fermentation parameters.Microbial community analysis using 16S rRNA sequencing and metagenomics revealed that SAC selectively altered the rumen microbiota,increasing the relative abundance of Bacteroidota while significantly reducing Methanobrevibacter(P=0.04).Moreover,metagenomic analysis showed the downregulation of key methanogenesis-related genes(mcrA and rnfC),suggesting a dual mechanism involving direct enzymatic inhibition and microbial community modulation.Conclusions These findings indicate that SAC effectively reduces CH_(4)production by inhibiting MCR activity and reshaping the rumen microbial community.As a plant-derived compound with strong inhibitory effects on methanogenesis,SAC presents a promising and sustainable alternative to synthetic CH_(4) inhibitors,offering potential applications for mitigating CH_(4)emissions in livestock production.
基金funded by the Institute of Smart Energy,Huaiyin Institute of Technology,under Grant No.HIT-ISE-2024-07.
文摘In order to address environmental pollution and resource depletion caused by traditional power generation,this paper proposes an adaptive iterative dynamic-balance optimization algorithm that integrates the Improved Dung Beetle Optimizer(IDBO)with VariationalMode Decomposition(VMD).The IDBO-VMD method is designed to enhance the accuracy and efficiency of wind-speed time-series decomposition and to effectively smooth photovoltaic power fluctuations.This study innovatively improves the traditional variational mode decomposition(VMD)algorithm,and significantly improves the accuracy and adaptive ability of signal decomposition by IDBO selfoptimization of key parameters K and a.On this basis,Fourier transform technology is used to define the boundary point between high frequency and low frequency signals,and a targeted energy distribution strategy is proposed:high frequency fluctuations are allocated to supercapacitors to quickly respond to transient power fluctuations;Lowfrequency components are distributed to lead-carbon batteries,optimizing long-term energy storage and scheduling efficiency.This strategy effectively improves the response speed and stability of the energy storage system.The experimental results demonstrate that the IDBO-VMD algorithm markedly outperforms traditional methods in both decomposition accuracy and computational efficiency.Specifically,it effectively reduces the charge–discharge frequency of the battery,prolongs battery life,and optimizes the operating ranges of the state-of-charge(SOC)for both leadcarbon batteries and supercapacitors.In addition,the energy management strategy based on the algorithm not only improves the overall energy utilization efficiency of the system,but also shows excellent performance in the dynamic management and intelligent scheduling of renewable energy generation.
基金financial support of the National Natural Science Foundation of China(NSFC)(52394202,52021004,52301232,and 52476056)the Natural Science Foundation of Chongqing Province(2024NSCQ-MSX1109).
文摘The scaling-up of electrochemical CO_(2)reduction requires circumventing the CO_(2)loss as carbonates under alkaline conditions.Zero-gap MEA cell configurations with a proton exchange membrane represent an alternative solution in a pure acidic system,but the catalyst layer in direct contact with the hydrated proton environment usually leads to H_(2)evolution dominating.Herein,we show that polydimethyldiallyl-ammonium-chloride-coated Ag(Ag@PDDA)electrode exhibits outstanding performance with a FE of 86%,a single-pass conversion of 72%,and a stability of 28 h for CO production in pure-acid MEA compared with ammonium poly(N-methyl-piperidine-co-pterphenyl)decorated Ag(Ag/QAPPT)and cetyltrimethylammonium bromide decorated Ag(Ag/CTAB).The in situ ATR-SEIRAS reveal that PDDA creates a positive charge-rich protective outer layer and an N-rich hybrid inner layer,which not only suppresses the migration of H+during the electrolysis process and blocks the direct contact between H2O and Ag catalyst,but also promotes the generation from CO_(2)to*COOH in a pure-acid system.This work highlights the importance of polyelectrolyte engineering in regulating the electrocatalytic interface and accelerates the development of proton exchange membrane CO_(2)electrolysis.
文摘On July 2^(nd),2025,32 scientists representing 15 countries gathered at Tartu,Estonia to make on-site endorsements for the Global ONCE(Ocean Negative Carbon Emissions)Program at the 12th INTECOL Wetlands Conference.This marks a significant milestone for ONCE in establishing a systematic framework for coastal wetland carbon sequestration research and global collaboration(Figs.1,2).Coastal wetlands are critical transition zones linking terrestrial and marine ecosystems,yet they face severe degradation from anthropogenic land-based activities and sea level rise that propagate impacts to the ocean.As a UN Ocean Decade Program,the Global ONCE Program champions interdisciplinary and cross-regional collaboration to enhance carbon sequestration in the ocean and coastal wetlands through science and innovation.Aligned with the Tartu Declaration on Wetlands that includes resolutions to promote the rights of global wetlands(especially peatlands)and advance the discipline of wetland science based on facts,this initiative addresses key knowledge gaps in land-ocean interactions.The goal is to harness the full potential of coastal wetlands and ocean systems for climate mitigation,thereby laying a scientific foundation for international policy formulation and implementation.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2022YFE0206700)。
文摘1.Introduction Climate change mitigation pathways aimed at limiting global anthropogenic carbon dioxide(CO_(2))emissions while striving to constrain the global temperature increase to below 2℃—as outlined by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change(IPCC)—consistently predict the widespread implementation of CO_(2)geological storage on a global scale.
基金supported by the Shenzhen Stability Support Plan(Grant No.20231122095154003)National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.51978671 and 52378425)Guizhou Provincial Department of Transportation Science and Technology Program(Grant No.2023-122-003)。
文摘Due to space constraints in mountainous areas,twin tunnels are sometimes constructed very close to each other or even overlap.This proximity challenges the structural stability of tunnels built with the drill-and-blast method,as the short propagation distance amplifies blasting vibrations.A case of blasting damage is reported in this paper,where concrete cracks crossed construction joints in the twin-arch lining.To identify the causes of these cracks and develop effective vibration mitigation measures,field monitoring and numerical analysis were conducted.Specifically,a restart method was used to simulate the second peak particle velocity(PPV)of MS3 delays occurring 50 ms after the MS1 delays.The study found that the dynamic tensile stress in the tunnel induced by the blast wave has a linear relationship with the of the product of the concrete wave impedance and the PPV.A blast vibration velocity exceeding 23.3 cm/s resulted in tensile stress in the lining surpassing the ultimate tensile strength of C30 concrete,leading to tensile cracking on the blast-facing arch of the constructed tunnel.To control excessive vi-bration velocity,a mitigation trench was implemented to reduce blast wave impact.The trench,approximately 15 m in length,50 cm in width,and 450 cm in height,effectively lowered vibration ve-locities,achieving an average reduction rate of 52%according to numerical analysis.A key innovation of this study is the on-site implementation and validation of the trench's effectiveness in mitigating vi-brations.A feasible trench construction configuration was proposed to overcome the limitations of a single trench in fully controlling vibrations.To further enhance protection,zoned blasting and an auxiliary rock pillar,80 cm in width,were incorporated to reinforce the mid-wall.This study introduces novel strategies for vibration protection in tunnel blasting,offering innovative solutions to address blasting-induced vibrations and effectively minimize their impact,thereby enhancing safety and struc-tural stability.
基金supported by the top-level design of the National Natural Science Foundation of China(NSFC)Major Project“Realization of optimal carbon neutral pathway and coupling of multi-scale interaction patterns of natural-social systems in China”(42341202)the Basic Scientific Research Fund of the Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences(2021Z014)。
文摘This paper proposes that China,under the challenge of balancing its development and security,can aim for the Paris Agreement's goal to limit global warming to no more than 2℃by actively seeking carbonpeak and carbon-neutrality pathways that align with China's national conditions,rather than following the idealized path toward the 1.5℃target by initially relying on extensive negative-emission technologies such as direct air carbon capture and storage(DACCS).This work suggests that pursuing a 1.5℃target is increasingly less feasible for China,as it would potentially incur 3–4 times the cost of pursuing the 2℃target.With China being likely to achieve a peak in its emissions around 2028,at about 12.8 billion tonnes of anthropogenic carbon dioxide(CO_(2)),and become carbon neutral,projected global warming levels may be less severe after the 2050s than previously estimated.This could reduce the risk potential of climate tipping points and extreme events,especially considering that the other two major carbon emitters in the world(Europe and North America)have already passed their carbon peaks.While natural carbon sinks will contribute to China's carbon neutrality efforts,they are not expected to be decisive in the transition stages.This research also addresses the growing focus on climate overshoot,tipping points,extreme events,loss and damage,and methane reductions in international climate cooperation,emphasizing the need to balance these issues with China's development,security,and fairness considerations.China's pursuit of carbon neutrality will have significant implications for global emissions scenarios,warming levels,and extreme event projections,as well as for climate change hotspots of international concern,such as climate tipping points,the climate crisis,and the notion that the world has moved from a warming to a boiling era.Possible research recommendations for global emissions scenarios based on China's 2℃target pathway are also summarized.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant No.U20A20182.
文摘As an effective strategy to address urban traffic congestion,traffic flow prediction has gained attention from Federated-Learning(FL)researchers due FL’s ability to preserving data privacy.However,existing methods face challenges:some are too simplistic to capture complex traffic patterns effectively,and others are overly complex,leading to excessive communication overhead between cloud and edge devices.Moreover,the problem of single point failure limits their robustness and reliability in real-world applications.To tackle these challenges,this paper proposes a new method,CMBA-FL,a Communication-Mitigated and Blockchain-Assisted Federated Learning model.First,CMBA-FL improves the client model’s ability to capture temporal traffic patterns by employing the Encoder-Decoder framework for each edge device.Second,to reduce the communication overhead during federated learning,we introduce a verification method based on parameter update consistency,avoiding unnecessary parameter updates.Third,to mitigate the risk of a single point of failure,we integrate consensus mechanisms from blockchain technology.To validate the effectiveness of CMBA-FL,we assess its performance on two widely used traffic datasets.Our experimental results show that CMBA-FL reduces prediction error by 11.46%,significantly lowers communication overhead,and improves security.
基金funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(NSFC No.52322610)Hong Kong Research Grants Council Theme-based Research Scheme(T22-505/19-N).
文摘Effective wildland fire management requires real-time access to comprehensive and distilled information from different data sources.The Digital Twin technology becomes a promising tool in optimizing the processes of wildfire pre-vention,monitoring,disaster response,and post-fire recovery.This review examines the potential utility of Digital Twin in wildfire management and aims to inspire further exploration and experimentation by researchers and practitioners in the fields of environment,forestry,fire ecology,and firefighting services.By creating virtual replicas of wildfire in the physical world,a Digital Twin platform facilitates data integration from multiple sources,such as remote sensing,weather forecast-ing,and ground-based sensors,providing a holistic view of emergency response and decision-making.Furthermore,Digital Twin can support simulation-based training and scenario testing for prescribed fire planning and firefighting to improve preparedness and response to evacuation and rescue.Successful applications of Digital Twin in wildfire management require horizontal collaboration among researchers,practitioners,and stakeholders,as well as enhanced resource sharing and data exchange.This review seeks a deeper understanding of future wildland fire management from a technological perspective and inspiration of future research and implementation.Further research should focus on refining and validating Digital Twin models and the integration into existing fire management operations,and then demonstrating them in real wildland fires.
文摘The fast growth of mobile autonomous machines from traditional equipment to unmanned autonomous vehicles has fueled the demand for accurate and reliable localization solutions in diverse application domains.Ultra Wide Band(UWB)technology has emerged as a promising candidate for addressing this need,offering high precision,immunity to multipath interference,and robust performance in challenging environments.In this comprehensive survey,we systematically explore UWB-based localization for mobile autonomous machines,spanning from fundamental principles to future trends.To the best of our knowledge,this review paper stands as the pioneer in systematically dissecting the algorithms of UWB-based localization for mobile autonomous machines,covering a spectrum from bottom-ranging schemes to advanced sensor fusion,error mitigation,and optimization techniques.By synthesizing existing knowledge,evaluating current methodologies,and highlighting future trends,this review aims to catalyze progress and innovation in the field,unlocking new opportunities for mobile autonomous machine applications across diverse industries and domains.Thus,it serves as a valuable resource for researchers,practitioners,and stakeholders interested in advancing the state-of-the-art UWB-based localization for mobile autonomous machines.
基金the Ministry of Science and Technology National Key Research and Development Program(2023YFC3805000)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(52025083 and 52208501)the Shanghai Science and Technology Innovation Action Plan(22dz1201400).
文摘As centers of human activity,cities concentrate populations,resources,and wealth in limited areas.According to the United Nations,55%of the global population now lives in urban areas[1].Moreover,the World Economic Forum’s“Global Risks Report 2023”[2]highlights natural disasters as a major threat to sustainable development,especially for densely populated cities.
基金funded by the Project of Yunnan Province’s Xingdian Talents Support Program(yfgrc202437)the Project of the International Cooperation Science Program of National Natural Science Foundation of China(42361144885).
文摘Phosphorus(P)poses a global challenge to the environment and human health due to its natural association with heavy metals.Sustainable use of P is crucial to ensure food security for future generations.An analysis of the 150 phosphate fertilizers stored at the Institute for Crop and Soil Science in Germany has been conducted,supplemented by previously published data.The elements Cd,Bi,U,Cr,Zn,Tl,As,B,Sb,Ni,and Se are found in higher concentrations in sedimentary derived phosphates compared to igneous derived phosphates.Mineral fertilizers contain more than ten times the amount of U,Cd,B,and As compared to farmyard manure.Principal component analyses(PCA)indicate that U,Cd,Be,and Cr are primarily present in sedimentary derived phosphates and their concentrations are 2 to 10 times higher than those in igneous derived phosphates.Regarding heavy metal contamination,over 1000 potential combinations were identified;36% of these were significant but weak(>0.1).It is estimated that approximately 707 t of uranium enter farmland annually through the application of mineral phosphate fertilizers in European countries.This contribution addresses environmental issues related to the utilization of rock phosphate as well as alternative production methods for cleaner and safer phosphate fertilizers while presenting a roadmap with measures for mitigation.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China (2019YFB1803905)the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No.62171022)+2 种基金Beijing Natural Science Foundation (4222009)Guangdong Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation (2021B1515120057)the Scientific and Technological Innovation Foundation of Shunde Graduate School,USTB (No.BK19AF005)。
文摘In this paper,a double-effect DNN-based Digital Back-Propagation(DBP)scheme is proposed and studied to achieve the Integrated Communication and Sensing(ICS)ability,which can not only realize nonlinear damage mitigation but also monitor the optical power and dispersion profile over multi-span links.The link status information can be extracted by the characteristics of the learned optical fiber parameters without any other measuring instruments.The efficiency and feasibility of this method have been investigated in different fiber link conditions,including various launch power,transmission distance,and the location and the amount of the abnormal losses.A good monitoring performance can be obtained while the launch optical power is 2 dBm which does not affect the normal operation of the optical communication system and the step size of DBP is 20 km which can provide a better distance resolution.This scheme successfully detects the location of single or multiple optical attenuators in long-distance multi-span fiber links,including different abnormal losses of 2 dB,4 dB,and 6 dB in 360 km and serval combinations of abnormal losses of(1 dB,5 dB),(3 dB,3 dB),(5 dB,1 dB)in 360 km and 760 km.Meanwhile,the transfer relationship of the estimated coefficient values with different step sizes is further investigated to reduce the complexity of the fiber nonlinear damage compensation.These results provide an attractive approach for precisely sensing the optical fiber link status information and making correct strategies timely to ensure optical communication system operations.
基金supported by the National Key R&D Program of China(2023YFA1800100and 2024YFF1206600)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(32100664)the Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation of Guangdong Province(2024B1515040019 and 2022A1515012042).
文摘Inflammatory bowel disease(IBD)comprises a heterogeneous group of chronic inflammatory conditions of the intestine.Current therapeutic strategies primarily focus on maintaining remission and mitigating the secondary effects rather than reversing its pathogenic mechanisms(Jeong et al.,2019).The pathogenesis of IBD involves intestinal barrier dysfunction,tissue damage,and dysregulated innate and adaptive immune responses(de Souza et al.,2017).Elevated neutrophil activity has been reported in IBD(Danne et al.,2024),yet the precise roles and mechanisms of neutrophils in disease progression remain to be elucidated.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(U20A20111)the National key R&D Program(2022YFC3080100)。
文摘The evacuation of people under threat is an effective disaster prevention and mitigation measure in response to flash floods and geological hazards,and it is also an essential element of pre-disaster planning.However,the effect of the interactions between perception factors on residents'willingness to evacuate is an urgent problem to be solved.Therefore,this paper introduces risk,stakeholder,and protective action perceptions from the protective action decision model as the main explanatory variables.These three core perceptions are subdivided into affective risk perception,cognitive risk perception,government perception,other-stakeholder perception,resourcerelated attributes,and hazard-related attributes.A questionnaire survey was conducted from June to July 2023 among residents of mountainous communities in nine villages in three towns in Sichuan Province,China.359 cross-sectional data were analyzed using structural equation modeling to explore the effects of six perception factors on evacuation intentions.The results of the study showed that:(1)affective risk perception,government perception,other-stakeholder perception,and hazard-related attributes all directly and positively influence residents'intentions to evacuate;(2)cognitive risk perception is mediated by stakeholder and protective action perceptions,which indirectly and positively affect residents'intentions to evacuate.Based on the hypothesized paths,strategies to improve residents'willingness to evacuate are discussed from the perspective of three core perceptions:strengthening disaster risk education,improving residents'cohesion,and building government credibility.The results of this study can provide theoretical support and practical suggestions for emergency management departments to formulate emergency evacuation strategies,which can aid decision-makers in better understanding residents'intentions to evacuate,optimizing evacuation information dissemination pathways,and strengthening disaster risk management capabilities.
基金supported by the Youth Exploration Foundation of Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences(No.2022YSKY-55).
文摘Various technologies and projects have been explored and developed for the synergetic control of environmental pollution and carbon emissions in aquatic ecosystems.Planting submerged vegetation in shallow waters was also expected to achieve this purpose.However,the magnitude and mechanism of carbon dioxide(CO_(2))emission affected by submerged vegetation is not clear enough in complex aquatic ecosystems.This study investigated the influences of submerged plants on CO_(2)emission,ecosystem metabolism features,and microbial community traits based on observations in river networks on the Changjiang River Delta.The results showed that CO_(2)emission from planted waters accounted for 73%of unplanted waters.Meanwhile,planted waters had higher dissolved organic carbon removal capacity in overlying water and higher potential of carbon sequestration in sediment at the same time.These distinctions between the two habitats were attributed to(1)improved CO_(2)and bicarbonate consumption in water columns via enhancing photosynthesis and(2)inhibited CO_(2)production by reconstructing the benthic microbial community.Additional eco-advantages were found in planted sediments,such as a high potential of methane oxidation and xenobiotics biodegradation and a low risk of becoming black and odorous.In brief,submerged vegetation is beneficial in promoting pollution removal and carbon retention synchronously.This study advances our understanding of the feedback between aquatic metabolism and CO_(2)emission.
文摘Humans have always engaged with their surroundings and the ecology in which they live.However,during the industrial age,this contact has been more intense and has had a substantial impact on environment and ecosystems.For example,overexploitation of natural resources,mining,pollution,and deforestation are all elements that negatively affect biodiversity and natural resources.Few studies have been conducted to evaluate the damage caused,despite the significant uncontrolled pressure from human activity.However,maintaining its environment is essential to the survival of coastal fishing.Goal:This study’s goal was to evaluate how human activity affected Tabounsou’s coastal ecology in order to suggest remedial actions for sustainable management.The following was the methodological approach used:executive consultation and archival analysis;stakeholder survey(locals,farmers,salt producers,fishers,and loggers);inventory of species;anthropogenic activity inventory;evaluation of how human activity affects aquatic life in the research region;suggestion and action for sustainable management;Outcome:Executive consultation indicated that the main issues are:construction projects that reduce the estuary’s surface area;agricultural practices such as woodcutting and salt farming;the rise in resource exploitation;noncompliance with fisheries laws;and the catching of young fish.Eighty-three percent of fisherman ditch their nets on the coast after using them,but only seventeen percent burn them.With a 75%frequency rate,the same survey indicates that most fisherman fish around the coast.In the Tabounsou area,according to loggers’survey,68%of the wood cut is Rhizophora,24%is Avicennia,and 8%is Laguncularia.Three fish stocks,representing nine families and nine species,were identified by the species inventory.At 18%and 15%,respectively,the actors most frequently capture the species Pseudotolithus elongatus and Arius parkii.According to a poll of 30 farmers,90%of them apply fertilizer to their soil,while only 10%do not.During the dry season,salt is grown.According to two actors,Bougna Toro Toro produces 100 kg of salt per day,followed by Khoumawadé,which produces 80 kg,and Toumbibougni,which produces 70 kg.
