Purpose: The number of retracted papers from Chinese university-affiliated hospitals is increasing, which has raised much concern. The aim of this study is to analyze the retracted papers from university-affiliated ho...Purpose: The number of retracted papers from Chinese university-affiliated hospitals is increasing, which has raised much concern. The aim of this study is to analyze the retracted papers from university-affiliated hospitals in China’s mainland from 2000 to 2021. Design/methodology/approach: Data for 1,031 retracted papers were identified from the Web of Science Core collection database. The information of the hospitals involved was obtained from their official websites. We analyzed the chronological changes, journal distribution, discipline distribution and retraction reasons for the retracted papers. The grade and geographic locations of the hospitals involved were explored as well.Findings: We found a rapid increase in the number of retracted papers, while the retraction time interval is decreasing. The main reasons for retraction are plagiarism/self-plagiarism(n=255), invalid data/images/conclusions(n=212), fake peer review(n=175) and honesty error(n=163). The disciplines are mainly distributed in oncology(n=320), pharmacology & pharmacy(n=198) and research & experimental medicine(n=166). About 43.8% of the retracted papers were from hospitals affiliated with prestigious universities. Research limitations: This study fails to differentiate between retractions due to honest error and retractions due to research misconduct. We believe that there is a fundamental difference between honest error retractions and misconduct retractions. Another limitation is that authors of the retracted papers have not been analyzed in this study.Practical implications: This study provides a reference for addressing research misconduct in Chinese university-affiliated hospitals. It is our recommendation that universities and hospitals should educate all their staff about the basic norms of research integrity, punish authors of scientific misconduct retracted papers, and reform the unreasonable evaluation system.Originality/value: Based on the analysis of retracted papers, this study further analyzes the characteristics of institutions of retracted papers, which may deepen the research on retracted papers and provide a new perspective to understand the retraction phenomenon.展开更多
Recently, the editorial office received a requisition from one of the co-corresponding authors of an article published in Zoological Research in 2003. This researcher claimed he was not informed that he was listed as ...Recently, the editorial office received a requisition from one of the co-corresponding authors of an article published in Zoological Research in 2003. This researcher claimed he was not informed that he was listed as an author during the entire manuscript submission and publication process. Moreover, he had a concern about the reliability of the data in the paper. Therefore, he would like to withdraw his authorship of this particular article or withdraw this article entirely. The editorial office forwarded the letter to the other authors to collect comments, and the first author completely denied the co-corresponding author＇s claim of unawareness of authorship by providing archived emails between them. Setting aside what really happened 13 years ago, in this case, it may be interpreted that either this cocorresponding author himself is announcing his honorary authorship （either by passively being added to the byline or actively accepting the offer） in this article, or is trying to avoid taking （potential） responsibility regarding the research content by using honorary authorship as a defense. Meanwhile, the first author has been accused of offering honorary authorship to a senior researcher.展开更多
Using the method of analogy, this paper built the social information field, information field force model and the information diffusion dynamics model to study the dynamic mechanism and the law of the movement regardi...Using the method of analogy, this paper built the social information field, information field force model and the information diffusion dynamics model to study the dynamic mechanism and the law of the movement regarding how misconduct information moves among nodes in the web forum. It also constructed the web forum misconduct information diffusion complex network simulation model to study the diffusion intensity of misconduct information and its influencing factors. The conclusion is that, under the force of the field, the information flows from the high potential node to the low potential node, during which resistance is generated inside and outside the diffusion channel. In the complex network of the web forum, the diffusion intensity of misconduct information displays an increasing trend as the possibility of reconnection among broken nodes becomes higher. The main factor that determines the diffusion intensity of the misconduct information is the average shortest path. It also increases when the interaction frequency turns higher.展开更多
In recent years,academic misconduct has been frequently exposed by the media,with serious impacts on the academic community.Current research on academic misconduct focuses mainly on detecting plagiarism in article con...In recent years,academic misconduct has been frequently exposed by the media,with serious impacts on the academic community.Current research on academic misconduct focuses mainly on detecting plagiarism in article content through the application of character-based and non-text element detection techniques over the entirety of a manuscript.For the most part,these techniques can only detect cases of textual plagiarism,which means that potential culprits can easily avoid discovery through clever editing and alterations of text content.In this paper,we propose an academic misconduct detection method based on scholars’submission behaviors.The model can effectively capture the atypical behavioral approach and operation of the author.As such,it is able to detect various types of misconduct,thereby improving the accuracy of detection when combined with a text content analysis.The model learns by forming a dual network group that processes text features and user behavior features to detect potential academic misconduct.First,the effect of scholars’behavioral features on the model are considered and analyzed.Second,the Synthetic Minority Oversampling Technique(SMOTE)is applied to address the problem of imbalanced samples of positive and negative classes among contributing scholars.Finally,the text features of the papers are combined with the scholars’behavioral data to improve recognition precision.Experimental results on the imbalanced dataset demonstrate that our model has a highly satisfactory performance in terms of accuracy and recall.展开更多
DEAR EDITOR： We read the publication by Liu （2016） on authorship misconduct with a great interest. In fact, the authorship misconduct is no uncommon and has to be managed, Liu （2016） noted that ＂Proper authorshi...DEAR EDITOR： We read the publication by Liu （2016） on authorship misconduct with a great interest. In fact, the authorship misconduct is no uncommon and has to be managed, Liu （2016） noted that ＂Proper authorship embodies honesty, integrity, fairness and transparency, which surely are the very essence of any scientific pursuit.＂ Due to the present requirement on academic publication to support academic rank, several forms of authorship misconduct can be seen. Of interest,展开更多
Unethical behavior among university students such as cheating and plagiarism has weakened the character of honesty in education. This fact has challenged those who perceived education as a holistic process of internal...Unethical behavior among university students such as cheating and plagiarism has weakened the character of honesty in education. This fact has challenged those who perceived education as a holistic process of internalizing values and norms that lead to the formation of students＇ moral principles and moral behaviour. Educators have played the role of ensuring the students to internalize and realized moral values and norms. A study of 360 students of the second semester who enrolled at the course of ＂ethical and personal development＂ at Atma Jaya Catholic University in Indonesia showed that unethical behavior such as cheating and plagiarism were rarely done. However, a deep look at the reason the students did academic dishonesty has prompted the permissiveness of student＇s moral life. This study proves that academic integrity among university students is worrisome, and it is worsened by the fact that they were enrolled in the course of ＂ethical and personal development＂. Seriously taking into consideration the strong desire of students to change the culture of academic misconduct, the authors argue that an educational model which is not oriented excessively to cognitive performance is needed. The authors argue that this position has to be practiced in line with the involvement of ＂clean＂ students who are involved as role models in influencing the formation of student awareness and ethical behavior.展开更多
In the digital economy,personal data has materialized as new assets that not only engender value for organizations but also render them susceptible to security risks.Instances of unauthorized user information exploita...In the digital economy,personal data has materialized as new assets that not only engender value for organizations but also render them susceptible to security risks.Instances of unauthorized user information exploitation by mobile applications for economic benefits have become conventional,and outperforming apps are no exception.What is the motivation for app data misconduct?Based on the behavioral theory,we discuss the performance motivation of app data misconduct and find that performance feedback intensity,regardless of whether it is positive or negative,can motivate apps to take such deviant risks.Furthermore,we scrutinize the roles of app user scale,category competition,and regional legal development in shaping data misconduct decisions.Using a sample of apps operating in China's domestic market,we empirically substantiate these arguments and contribute insights that bear both theoretical significance and pragmatic pertinence in the spheres of behavioral theory,organizational misconduct and corporate data responsibility.展开更多
For those involved in publishing activities,including authors,editors,peer reviewers and publishers,we should adhere to the concept of publishing ethics.The following is a list of statements on publishing ethics and a...For those involved in publishing activities,including authors,editors,peer reviewers and publishers,we should adhere to the concept of publishing ethics.The following is a list of statements on publishing ethics and academic misconduct for reference.Authors should strictly abide by high standard rules in publishing ethics.展开更多
For those involved in publishing activities,including authors,editors,peer reviewers and publishers,we should adhere to the concept of publishing ethics.The following is a list of statements on publishing ethics and a...For those involved in publishing activities,including authors,editors,peer reviewers and publishers,we should adhere to the concept of publishing ethics.The following is a list of statements on publishing ethics and academic misconduct for reference.Authors should strictly abide by high standard rules in publishing ethics.Future science press will not accept any plagiarism(production or falsification of data),including works published repeatedly without proper explanation and quotation.展开更多
Our research focuses on detecting financial reporting misconduct and derives acomprehensive misconduct sample using AAERs and intentional restatements.We develop a novel ensemble learning method, Multi-LightGBM, for h...Our research focuses on detecting financial reporting misconduct and derives acomprehensive misconduct sample using AAERs and intentional restatements.We develop a novel ensemble learning method, Multi-LightGBM, for highlyimbalanced classification learning. We adopt a human-machine cooperationfeature selection method, which can mitigate the limitation of incompletetheories, enhance the model performance, and guide researchers to develop newtheories. We propose a cost-based measure, expected benefits of classification,to evaluate the economic performance of a model. The out-of-sample testsshow that Multi-LightGBM, coupled with the features we selected, outperformsother predictive models. The finding that introducing intentional materialrestatements into our predictive model does not reduce the effectiveness ofcapturing AAERs has important implications for research on AAERsdetection. Moreover, we can identify more misconduct firms with fewerresources by the misconduct sample relative to the standalone AAERs sample,which is quite beneficial for most model users.展开更多
基金supported by grants from Humanity and Social Science Youth Foundation of Ministry of Education of China (21YJC870016).
文摘Purpose: The number of retracted papers from Chinese university-affiliated hospitals is increasing, which has raised much concern. The aim of this study is to analyze the retracted papers from university-affiliated hospitals in China’s mainland from 2000 to 2021. Design/methodology/approach: Data for 1,031 retracted papers were identified from the Web of Science Core collection database. The information of the hospitals involved was obtained from their official websites. We analyzed the chronological changes, journal distribution, discipline distribution and retraction reasons for the retracted papers. The grade and geographic locations of the hospitals involved were explored as well.Findings: We found a rapid increase in the number of retracted papers, while the retraction time interval is decreasing. The main reasons for retraction are plagiarism/self-plagiarism(n=255), invalid data/images/conclusions(n=212), fake peer review(n=175) and honesty error(n=163). The disciplines are mainly distributed in oncology(n=320), pharmacology & pharmacy(n=198) and research & experimental medicine(n=166). About 43.8% of the retracted papers were from hospitals affiliated with prestigious universities. Research limitations: This study fails to differentiate between retractions due to honest error and retractions due to research misconduct. We believe that there is a fundamental difference between honest error retractions and misconduct retractions. Another limitation is that authors of the retracted papers have not been analyzed in this study.Practical implications: This study provides a reference for addressing research misconduct in Chinese university-affiliated hospitals. It is our recommendation that universities and hospitals should educate all their staff about the basic norms of research integrity, punish authors of scientific misconduct retracted papers, and reform the unreasonable evaluation system.Originality/value: Based on the analysis of retracted papers, this study further analyzes the characteristics of institutions of retracted papers, which may deepen the research on retracted papers and provide a new perspective to understand the retraction phenomenon.
文摘Recently, the editorial office received a requisition from one of the co-corresponding authors of an article published in Zoological Research in 2003. This researcher claimed he was not informed that he was listed as an author during the entire manuscript submission and publication process. Moreover, he had a concern about the reliability of the data in the paper. Therefore, he would like to withdraw his authorship of this particular article or withdraw this article entirely. The editorial office forwarded the letter to the other authors to collect comments, and the first author completely denied the co-corresponding author＇s claim of unawareness of authorship by providing archived emails between them. Setting aside what really happened 13 years ago, in this case, it may be interpreted that either this cocorresponding author himself is announcing his honorary authorship （either by passively being added to the byline or actively accepting the offer） in this article, or is trying to avoid taking （potential） responsibility regarding the research content by using honorary authorship as a defense. Meanwhile, the first author has been accused of offering honorary authorship to a senior researcher.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation for Young Scientists of China(71503188)Key Research Institute of Humanities&Social Science in Hubei Higher Education Institutions(DSS20160105)+1 种基金Subsidy Fund of Grain Science and Technology Innovation and Scientific and Technological Achievements Transformation Set by Grain Bureau of Hubei ProvinceWuhan Social Science Consortium Project
文摘Using the method of analogy, this paper built the social information field, information field force model and the information diffusion dynamics model to study the dynamic mechanism and the law of the movement regarding how misconduct information moves among nodes in the web forum. It also constructed the web forum misconduct information diffusion complex network simulation model to study the diffusion intensity of misconduct information and its influencing factors. The conclusion is that, under the force of the field, the information flows from the high potential node to the low potential node, during which resistance is generated inside and outside the diffusion channel. In the complex network of the web forum, the diffusion intensity of misconduct information displays an increasing trend as the possibility of reconnection among broken nodes becomes higher. The main factor that determines the diffusion intensity of the misconduct information is the average shortest path. It also increases when the interaction frequency turns higher.
基金This work is supported by the National Key R&D Program of China under grant 2018YFB1003205by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under grants U1836208 and U1836110+1 种基金by the Priority Academic Program Development of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions(PAPD)fundand by the Collaborative Innovation Center of Atmospheric Environment and Equipment Technology(CICAEET)fund,China.
文摘In recent years,academic misconduct has been frequently exposed by the media,with serious impacts on the academic community.Current research on academic misconduct focuses mainly on detecting plagiarism in article content through the application of character-based and non-text element detection techniques over the entirety of a manuscript.For the most part,these techniques can only detect cases of textual plagiarism,which means that potential culprits can easily avoid discovery through clever editing and alterations of text content.In this paper,we propose an academic misconduct detection method based on scholars’submission behaviors.The model can effectively capture the atypical behavioral approach and operation of the author.As such,it is able to detect various types of misconduct,thereby improving the accuracy of detection when combined with a text content analysis.The model learns by forming a dual network group that processes text features and user behavior features to detect potential academic misconduct.First,the effect of scholars’behavioral features on the model are considered and analyzed.Second,the Synthetic Minority Oversampling Technique(SMOTE)is applied to address the problem of imbalanced samples of positive and negative classes among contributing scholars.Finally,the text features of the papers are combined with the scholars’behavioral data to improve recognition precision.Experimental results on the imbalanced dataset demonstrate that our model has a highly satisfactory performance in terms of accuracy and recall.
文摘DEAR EDITOR： We read the publication by Liu （2016） on authorship misconduct with a great interest. In fact, the authorship misconduct is no uncommon and has to be managed, Liu （2016） noted that ＂Proper authorship embodies honesty, integrity, fairness and transparency, which surely are the very essence of any scientific pursuit.＂ Due to the present requirement on academic publication to support academic rank, several forms of authorship misconduct can be seen. Of interest,
文摘Unethical behavior among university students such as cheating and plagiarism has weakened the character of honesty in education. This fact has challenged those who perceived education as a holistic process of internalizing values and norms that lead to the formation of students＇ moral principles and moral behaviour. Educators have played the role of ensuring the students to internalize and realized moral values and norms. A study of 360 students of the second semester who enrolled at the course of ＂ethical and personal development＂ at Atma Jaya Catholic University in Indonesia showed that unethical behavior such as cheating and plagiarism were rarely done. However, a deep look at the reason the students did academic dishonesty has prompted the permissiveness of student＇s moral life. This study proves that academic integrity among university students is worrisome, and it is worsened by the fact that they were enrolled in the course of ＂ethical and personal development＂. Seriously taking into consideration the strong desire of students to change the culture of academic misconduct, the authors argue that an educational model which is not oriented excessively to cognitive performance is needed. The authors argue that this position has to be practiced in line with the involvement of ＂clean＂ students who are involved as role models in influencing the formation of student awareness and ethical behavior.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(NO.72272106,NO.72472110,NO.72302077).
文摘In the digital economy,personal data has materialized as new assets that not only engender value for organizations but also render them susceptible to security risks.Instances of unauthorized user information exploitation by mobile applications for economic benefits have become conventional,and outperforming apps are no exception.What is the motivation for app data misconduct?Based on the behavioral theory,we discuss the performance motivation of app data misconduct and find that performance feedback intensity,regardless of whether it is positive or negative,can motivate apps to take such deviant risks.Furthermore,we scrutinize the roles of app user scale,category competition,and regional legal development in shaping data misconduct decisions.Using a sample of apps operating in China's domestic market,we empirically substantiate these arguments and contribute insights that bear both theoretical significance and pragmatic pertinence in the spheres of behavioral theory,organizational misconduct and corporate data responsibility.
文摘For those involved in publishing activities,including authors,editors,peer reviewers and publishers,we should adhere to the concept of publishing ethics.The following is a list of statements on publishing ethics and academic misconduct for reference.Authors should strictly abide by high standard rules in publishing ethics.
文摘For those involved in publishing activities,including authors,editors,peer reviewers and publishers,we should adhere to the concept of publishing ethics.The following is a list of statements on publishing ethics and academic misconduct for reference.Authors should strictly abide by high standard rules in publishing ethics.Future science press will not accept any plagiarism(production or falsification of data),including works published repeatedly without proper explanation and quotation.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China under[grant numbers 72071038,72121001].
文摘Our research focuses on detecting financial reporting misconduct and derives acomprehensive misconduct sample using AAERs and intentional restatements.We develop a novel ensemble learning method, Multi-LightGBM, for highlyimbalanced classification learning. We adopt a human-machine cooperationfeature selection method, which can mitigate the limitation of incompletetheories, enhance the model performance, and guide researchers to develop newtheories. We propose a cost-based measure, expected benefits of classification,to evaluate the economic performance of a model. The out-of-sample testsshow that Multi-LightGBM, coupled with the features we selected, outperformsother predictive models. The finding that introducing intentional materialrestatements into our predictive model does not reduce the effectiveness ofcapturing AAERs has important implications for research on AAERsdetection. Moreover, we can identify more misconduct firms with fewerresources by the misconduct sample relative to the standalone AAERs sample,which is quite beneficial for most model users.
