Due to the inability of manufacturing a single monolithic mirror at the 10-meter scales,segmented mirrors have become indispensable tools in modern astronomical research.However,to match the imaging performance of the...Due to the inability of manufacturing a single monolithic mirror at the 10-meter scales,segmented mirrors have become indispensable tools in modern astronomical research.However,to match the imaging performance of the monolithic counterpart,the sub-mirrors must maintain precise co-phasing.Piston error critically degrades segmented mirror imaging quality,necessitating efficient and precise detection.To ad-dress the limitations that the conventional circular-aperture diffraction with two-wavelength algorithm is sus-ceptible to decentration errors,and the traditional convolutional neural networks(CNNs)struggle to capture global features under large-range piston errors due to their restricted local receptive fields,this paper pro-poses a method that integrates extended Young’s interference principles with a Vision Transformer(ViT)to detect piston error.By suppressing decentration error interference through two symmetrically arranged aper-tures and extending the measurement range to±7.95μm via a two-wavelength(589 nm/600 nm)algorithm.This approach exploits ViT’s self-attention mechanism to model global characteristics of interference fringes.Unlike CNNs constrained by local convolutional kernels,the ViT significantly improves sensitivity to inter-ferogram periodicity.The simulation results demonstrate that the proposed method achieves a measurement accuracy of 5 nm(0.0083λ0)across the range of±7.95μm,while maintaining an accuracy exceeding 95%in the presence of Gaussian noise(SNR≥15 dB),Poisson noise(λ≥9 photons/pixel),and sub-mirror gap er-ror(Egap≤0.2)interference.Moreover,the detection speed shows significant improvement compared to the cross-correlation algorithm.This study establishes an accurate,robust framework for segmented mirror error detection,advancing high-precision astronomical observation.展开更多
The neutral surface of a concave thin mirror is too close to the mirror surface,which makes it difficult to effectively mount the flexible structure and increases the mirror surface shape error.To address this problem...The neutral surface of a concave thin mirror is too close to the mirror surface,which makes it difficult to effectively mount the flexible structure and increases the mirror surface shape error.To address this problem,we design a flexible support structure including connectors,a support plate,and flexible structures,and construct an equivalent mirror by installing connectors and a support plate on the back of the mirror.While ensuring that the neutral surface of the equivalent mirror is moved away from the mirror surface,we optimize the support structure so that the rotary center of the flexible structure is located on the neutral surface of the equivalent mirror,avoiding the tilting moment.Following design and modeling of the structure,we analyze the static and dynamic characteristics using a finite element simulation,finding a root-mean-square(RMS)value for the surface shape error of 9.28 nm under the coupled effects of 1g gravity load,4℃ temperature rise,and 0.005 mm unevenness assembly error,with a fundamental frequency of 170.75 Hz,which all meet the design requirements.Finally,we carry out a surface shape error test of the mirror assembly,confirming it to meet the design index requirement of the mirror assembly.Simulation and test results verify the reliability and effectiveness of our proposed support structure.展开更多
We propose a novel cooling protocol within a triple-Laguerre-Gaussian cavity optomechanical system,which is designed to suppress the thermal vibrations of a rotating mirror to reach its quantum ground state.The system...We propose a novel cooling protocol within a triple-Laguerre-Gaussian cavity optomechanical system,which is designed to suppress the thermal vibrations of a rotating mirror to reach its quantum ground state.The system incorporates two auxiliary cavities and an atomic ensemble coupled to a Laguerre-Gaussian rotational cavity.By carefully selecting system parameters,the cooling process of the rotating mirror is significantly enhanced,while the heating process is effectively suppressed,enabling efficient ground-state cooling even in the unresolved sideband regime.Compared to previous works,our scheme reduces the stringent restrictions on auxiliary systems,making it more experimentally feasible under broader parameter conditions.These findings provide a robust approach for achieving ground-state cooling in mechanical resonators.展开更多
Animated block-buster Ne Zha2 is the first non-Hollywood movie to be part of the.top 10 list and is already the highest-grossing animated movie of all time.If Ne Zha 2 has a bigger international rollout,it will be int...Animated block-buster Ne Zha2 is the first non-Hollywood movie to be part of the.top 10 list and is already the highest-grossing animated movie of all time.If Ne Zha 2 has a bigger international rollout,it will be interesting to see how far its initial momentum can take it.展开更多
In this note we describe a logarithmic version of mirror Landau-Ginzburg model for semi-projective toric manifolds and show in an elementary and explicit way that the state space ring of the Landau-Ginzburg mirror is ...In this note we describe a logarithmic version of mirror Landau-Ginzburg model for semi-projective toric manifolds and show in an elementary and explicit way that the state space ring of the Landau-Ginzburg mirror is isomorphic to the C-valued cohomology of the toric manifold.展开更多
The isospin asymmetry and quadrupole deformation value of drip-line nuclei are investigated using the Weizsäcker-Skyrme nuclear mass formula.We observe that for heavy nuclei at the neutron drip line,the Coulomb e...The isospin asymmetry and quadrupole deformation value of drip-line nuclei are investigated using the Weizsäcker-Skyrme nuclear mass formula.We observe that for heavy nuclei at the neutron drip line,the Coulomb energy heightened by an aug-mented charge could not be mitigated completely by symmetry energy because of isospin asymmetry saturation but is resisted complementally by strong nuclear deformation.The positions of saltation for the difference in proton numbers between two neighboring nuclei at the neutron drip line,and the isospin asymmetry of the neutron drip-line nucleus as a function of the neutron number distinctly correspond to the known magic numbers,which can serve as a reference to verify the undeter-mined neutron magic number.Through fitting of the binding energy difference between mirror nuclei(BEDbMN),a set of Coulomb energy coefficients with greater accuracy is obtained.A high-precision description of the BEDbMN is useful for accurately determining the experimentally unknown mass of the nucleus close to the proton drip line if the mass of its mirror nucleus is measured experimentally.展开更多
Computer-aided diagnosis(CAD)can detect tuberculosis(TB)cases,providing radiologists with more accurate and efficient diagnostic solutions.Various noise information in TB chest X-ray(CXR)images is a major challenge in...Computer-aided diagnosis(CAD)can detect tuberculosis(TB)cases,providing radiologists with more accurate and efficient diagnostic solutions.Various noise information in TB chest X-ray(CXR)images is a major challenge in this classification task.This study aims to propose a model with high performance in TB CXR image detection named multi-scale input mirror network(MIM-Net)based on CXR image symmetry,which consists of a multi-scale input feature extraction network and mirror loss.The multi-scale image input can enhance feature extraction,while the mirror loss can improve the network performance through self-supervision.We used a publicly available TB CXR image classification dataset to evaluate our proposed method via 5-fold cross-validation,with accuracy,sensitivity,specificity,positive predictive value,negative predictive value,and area under curve(AUC)of 99.67%,100%,99.60%,99.80%,100%,and 0.9999,respectively.Compared to other models,MIM-Net performed best in all metrics.Therefore,the proposed MIM-Net can effectively help the network learn more features and can be used to detect TB in CXR images,thus assisting doctors in diagnosing.展开更多
High-power laser systems have opened new frontiers in scientifi research and have revolutionized various scientifi fields offering unprecedented capabilities for understanding fundamental physics and allowing unique a...High-power laser systems have opened new frontiers in scientifi research and have revolutionized various scientifi fields offering unprecedented capabilities for understanding fundamental physics and allowing unique applications.This paper details the successful commissioning of the 1 PW experimental area at the Extreme Light Infrastructure–Nuclear Physics(ELI-NP)facility in Romania,using both of the available laser arms.The experimental setup featured a short focal parabolic mirror to accelerate protons through the target normal sheath acceleration mechanism.Detailed experiments were conducted using various metallic and diamond-like carbon targets to investigate the dependence of the proton acceleration on different laser parameters.Furthermore,the paper discusses the critical role of the laser temporal profil in optimizing proton acceleration,supported by hydrodynamic simulations that are correlated with experimental outcomes.The finding underscore the potential of the ELI-NP facility to advance research in laser–plasma physics and contribute significantl to high-energy physics applications.The results of this commissioning establish a strong foundation for experiments by future users.展开更多
Conventional agrochemical plant biostimulants have been used to increase crop yield and stress resistance,andthis strategy continues to be integral to today's farming.While effective,the large-scale implantations ...Conventional agrochemical plant biostimulants have been used to increase crop yield and stress resistance,andthis strategy continues to be integral to today's farming.While effective,the large-scale implantations of theseproducts are not without environmental,ecological,and cost concerns and the associated climate-change challenges.To alleviate this long-standing pressure on agriculture,designing and developing more biocompatible andsustainable plant stimulants are among the primary focuses of agricultural management.Over the recent decades,the field has witnessed significant progress in emerging naturally derived or nature-inspired nano-biostimulantswith large-active-surface areas,including bio-compounds,biopolymers,and nanocarbons.However,the extraction/preparation of these products may apply additional costs or require specific equipment.More recently,thefield's attention has shifted to the sustainable application of chemical-additive-free biostimulants towards practicalapplications in nano-agriculture.Herein,we rationally designed and reported the first evidence and elucidationon biostimulant impacts of plant-self-derived nano-extracts from donor Arabidopsis thaliana as a model forinducing mirror biostimulant activities in conspecific host seeds,seedlings,and plants.Moreover,we assessed theeffect of donor plants'age on short,mid-,and long-term biocompatibility,growth,and development/maturationof the recipient plants for up to around 30 days.As a proof-of-concept,we found these autologous bio-extractscould effectively promote seed sprouting,seedling germination,and the development of soil-drenched plantsof the same types.Our transmission-electron microscopy characterization of root/shoot pieces shows the presenceof multiple phyto-compounds,including microtubules/actin filaments,cell vacuoles,Golgi stacks/endoplasmicreticulum,cell wall polysaccharide-based cellulose fibers,and organic amorphous nanoparticles and clusters ofcarbon quantum dots in the structure of these extracts.This personalized plant stimulation may induce furthergrowth/defense-related mechanisms,setting new paradigms toward reducing the agrochemical inputs.展开更多
文摘Due to the inability of manufacturing a single monolithic mirror at the 10-meter scales,segmented mirrors have become indispensable tools in modern astronomical research.However,to match the imaging performance of the monolithic counterpart,the sub-mirrors must maintain precise co-phasing.Piston error critically degrades segmented mirror imaging quality,necessitating efficient and precise detection.To ad-dress the limitations that the conventional circular-aperture diffraction with two-wavelength algorithm is sus-ceptible to decentration errors,and the traditional convolutional neural networks(CNNs)struggle to capture global features under large-range piston errors due to their restricted local receptive fields,this paper pro-poses a method that integrates extended Young’s interference principles with a Vision Transformer(ViT)to detect piston error.By suppressing decentration error interference through two symmetrically arranged aper-tures and extending the measurement range to±7.95μm via a two-wavelength(589 nm/600 nm)algorithm.This approach exploits ViT’s self-attention mechanism to model global characteristics of interference fringes.Unlike CNNs constrained by local convolutional kernels,the ViT significantly improves sensitivity to inter-ferogram periodicity.The simulation results demonstrate that the proposed method achieves a measurement accuracy of 5 nm(0.0083λ0)across the range of±7.95μm,while maintaining an accuracy exceeding 95%in the presence of Gaussian noise(SNR≥15 dB),Poisson noise(λ≥9 photons/pixel),and sub-mirror gap er-ror(Egap≤0.2)interference.Moreover,the detection speed shows significant improvement compared to the cross-correlation algorithm.This study establishes an accurate,robust framework for segmented mirror error detection,advancing high-precision astronomical observation.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(12473085).
文摘The neutral surface of a concave thin mirror is too close to the mirror surface,which makes it difficult to effectively mount the flexible structure and increases the mirror surface shape error.To address this problem,we design a flexible support structure including connectors,a support plate,and flexible structures,and construct an equivalent mirror by installing connectors and a support plate on the back of the mirror.While ensuring that the neutral surface of the equivalent mirror is moved away from the mirror surface,we optimize the support structure so that the rotary center of the flexible structure is located on the neutral surface of the equivalent mirror,avoiding the tilting moment.Following design and modeling of the structure,we analyze the static and dynamic characteristics using a finite element simulation,finding a root-mean-square(RMS)value for the surface shape error of 9.28 nm under the coupled effects of 1g gravity load,4℃ temperature rise,and 0.005 mm unevenness assembly error,with a fundamental frequency of 170.75 Hz,which all meet the design requirements.Finally,we carry out a surface shape error test of the mirror assembly,confirming it to meet the design index requirement of the mirror assembly.Simulation and test results verify the reliability and effectiveness of our proposed support structure.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.62471180)。
文摘We propose a novel cooling protocol within a triple-Laguerre-Gaussian cavity optomechanical system,which is designed to suppress the thermal vibrations of a rotating mirror to reach its quantum ground state.The system incorporates two auxiliary cavities and an atomic ensemble coupled to a Laguerre-Gaussian rotational cavity.By carefully selecting system parameters,the cooling process of the rotating mirror is significantly enhanced,while the heating process is effectively suppressed,enabling efficient ground-state cooling even in the unresolved sideband regime.Compared to previous works,our scheme reduces the stringent restrictions on auxiliary systems,making it more experimentally feasible under broader parameter conditions.These findings provide a robust approach for achieving ground-state cooling in mechanical resonators.
文摘Animated block-buster Ne Zha2 is the first non-Hollywood movie to be part of the.top 10 list and is already the highest-grossing animated movie of all time.If Ne Zha 2 has a bigger international rollout,it will be interesting to see how far its initial momentum can take it.
基金supported by the Young Scientists Fund of the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.12201314).
文摘In this note we describe a logarithmic version of mirror Landau-Ginzburg model for semi-projective toric manifolds and show in an elementary and explicit way that the state space ring of the Landau-Ginzburg mirror is isomorphic to the C-valued cohomology of the toric manifold.
基金supported by the Ministry of Science and Technology of China(No.2022YFE0103400)Natural Science Foundation of Guangxi Province(No.2021GXNSFAA196052)National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.11965004).
文摘The isospin asymmetry and quadrupole deformation value of drip-line nuclei are investigated using the Weizsäcker-Skyrme nuclear mass formula.We observe that for heavy nuclei at the neutron drip line,the Coulomb energy heightened by an aug-mented charge could not be mitigated completely by symmetry energy because of isospin asymmetry saturation but is resisted complementally by strong nuclear deformation.The positions of saltation for the difference in proton numbers between two neighboring nuclei at the neutron drip line,and the isospin asymmetry of the neutron drip-line nucleus as a function of the neutron number distinctly correspond to the known magic numbers,which can serve as a reference to verify the undeter-mined neutron magic number.Through fitting of the binding energy difference between mirror nuclei(BEDbMN),a set of Coulomb energy coefficients with greater accuracy is obtained.A high-precision description of the BEDbMN is useful for accurately determining the experimentally unknown mass of the nucleus close to the proton drip line if the mass of its mirror nucleus is measured experimentally.
基金supported by the Joint Fund of the Ministry of Education for Equipment Pre-research(No.8091B0203)National Key Research and Development Program of China(No.2020YFC2008700)。
文摘Computer-aided diagnosis(CAD)can detect tuberculosis(TB)cases,providing radiologists with more accurate and efficient diagnostic solutions.Various noise information in TB chest X-ray(CXR)images is a major challenge in this classification task.This study aims to propose a model with high performance in TB CXR image detection named multi-scale input mirror network(MIM-Net)based on CXR image symmetry,which consists of a multi-scale input feature extraction network and mirror loss.The multi-scale image input can enhance feature extraction,while the mirror loss can improve the network performance through self-supervision.We used a publicly available TB CXR image classification dataset to evaluate our proposed method via 5-fold cross-validation,with accuracy,sensitivity,specificity,positive predictive value,negative predictive value,and area under curve(AUC)of 99.67%,100%,99.60%,99.80%,100%,and 0.9999,respectively.Compared to other models,MIM-Net performed best in all metrics.Therefore,the proposed MIM-Net can effectively help the network learn more features and can be used to detect TB in CXR images,thus assisting doctors in diagnosing.
基金supported by the Extreme Light Infrastructure–Nuclear Physics(ELI-NP)PhaseⅡa project co-finance by the Romanian Government and the European Union through the European Regional Development Fund,by the Romanian Ministry of Education and Research CNCS-UEFISCDI(Project No.PN-ⅡIP4-IDPCCF-2016-0164)+1 种基金Nucleu Projects(Grant No.PN 23210105 and 19060105)supports ELI-NP through IOSIN funds as a Facility of National Interest。
文摘High-power laser systems have opened new frontiers in scientifi research and have revolutionized various scientifi fields offering unprecedented capabilities for understanding fundamental physics and allowing unique applications.This paper details the successful commissioning of the 1 PW experimental area at the Extreme Light Infrastructure–Nuclear Physics(ELI-NP)facility in Romania,using both of the available laser arms.The experimental setup featured a short focal parabolic mirror to accelerate protons through the target normal sheath acceleration mechanism.Detailed experiments were conducted using various metallic and diamond-like carbon targets to investigate the dependence of the proton acceleration on different laser parameters.Furthermore,the paper discusses the critical role of the laser temporal profil in optimizing proton acceleration,supported by hydrodynamic simulations that are correlated with experimental outcomes.The finding underscore the potential of the ELI-NP facility to advance research in laser–plasma physics and contribute significantl to high-energy physics applications.The results of this commissioning establish a strong foundation for experiments by future users.
基金Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft(DFG,German Research Foundation)grant number 525793193Prof.Stefan Eimer and Ms.Marion Basoglu at Goethe University for their assistance in TEM characterization+1 种基金Mr.Holger Schranz for his help in plant cultivation and maintenanceProf.Bruno M.Moerschbacher from the Institute of Plant Biology and Biotechnology at the Münster University。
文摘Conventional agrochemical plant biostimulants have been used to increase crop yield and stress resistance,andthis strategy continues to be integral to today's farming.While effective,the large-scale implantations of theseproducts are not without environmental,ecological,and cost concerns and the associated climate-change challenges.To alleviate this long-standing pressure on agriculture,designing and developing more biocompatible andsustainable plant stimulants are among the primary focuses of agricultural management.Over the recent decades,the field has witnessed significant progress in emerging naturally derived or nature-inspired nano-biostimulantswith large-active-surface areas,including bio-compounds,biopolymers,and nanocarbons.However,the extraction/preparation of these products may apply additional costs or require specific equipment.More recently,thefield's attention has shifted to the sustainable application of chemical-additive-free biostimulants towards practicalapplications in nano-agriculture.Herein,we rationally designed and reported the first evidence and elucidationon biostimulant impacts of plant-self-derived nano-extracts from donor Arabidopsis thaliana as a model forinducing mirror biostimulant activities in conspecific host seeds,seedlings,and plants.Moreover,we assessed theeffect of donor plants'age on short,mid-,and long-term biocompatibility,growth,and development/maturationof the recipient plants for up to around 30 days.As a proof-of-concept,we found these autologous bio-extractscould effectively promote seed sprouting,seedling germination,and the development of soil-drenched plantsof the same types.Our transmission-electron microscopy characterization of root/shoot pieces shows the presenceof multiple phyto-compounds,including microtubules/actin filaments,cell vacuoles,Golgi stacks/endoplasmicreticulum,cell wall polysaccharide-based cellulose fibers,and organic amorphous nanoparticles and clusters ofcarbon quantum dots in the structure of these extracts.This personalized plant stimulation may induce furthergrowth/defense-related mechanisms,setting new paradigms toward reducing the agrochemical inputs.
