Adult neurogenesis continuously produces new neurons critical for cognitive plasticity in adult rodents.While it is known transforming growth factor-βsignaling is important in embryonic neurogenesis,its role in postn...Adult neurogenesis continuously produces new neurons critical for cognitive plasticity in adult rodents.While it is known transforming growth factor-βsignaling is important in embryonic neurogenesis,its role in postnatal neurogenesis remains unclear.In this study,to define the precise role of transforming growth factor-βsignaling in postnatal neurogenesis at distinct stages of the neurogenic cascade both in vitro and in vivo,we developed two novel inducible and cell type-specific mouse models to specifically silence transforming growth factor-βsignaling in neural stem cells in(mGFAPcre-ALK5fl/fl-Ai9)or immature neuroblasts in(DCXcreERT2-ALK5fl/fl-Ai9).Our data showed that exogenous transforming growth factor-βtreatment led to inhibition of the proliferation of primary neural stem cells while stimulating their migration.These effects were abolished in activin-like kinase 5(ALK5)knockout primary neural stem cells.Consistent with this,inhibition of transforming growth factor-βsignaling with SB-431542 in wild-type neural stem cells stimulated proliferation while inhibited the migration of neural stem cells.Interestingly,deletion of transforming growth factor-βreceptor in neural stem cells in vivo inhibited the migration of postnatal born neurons in mGFAPcre-ALK5fl/fl-Ai9 mice,while abolishment of transforming growth factor-βsignaling in immature neuroblasts in DCXcreERT2-ALK5fl/fl-Ai9 mice did not affect the migration of these cells in the hippocampus.In summary,our data supports a dual role of transforming growth factor-βsignaling in the proliferation and migration of neural stem cells in vitro.Moreover,our data provides novel insights on cell type-specific-dependent requirements of transforming growth factor-βsignaling on neural stem cell proliferation and migration in vivo.展开更多
Peripheral nerve defect repair is a complex process that involves multiple cell types;perineurial cells play a pivotal role.Hair follicle neural crest stem cells promote perineurial cell proliferation and migration vi...Peripheral nerve defect repair is a complex process that involves multiple cell types;perineurial cells play a pivotal role.Hair follicle neural crest stem cells promote perineurial cell proliferation and migration via paracrine signaling;however,their clinical applications are limited by potential risks such as tumorigenesis and xenogeneic immune rejection,which are similar to the risks associated with other stem cell transplantations.The present study therefore focuses on small extracellular vesicles derived from hair follicle neural crest stem cells,which preserve the bioactive properties of the parent cells while avoiding the transplantation-associated risks.In vitro,small extracellular vesicles derived from hair follicle neural crest stem cells significantly enhanced the proliferation,migration,tube formation,and barrier function of perineurial cells,and subsequently upregulated the expression of tight junction proteins.Furthermore,in a rat model of sciatic nerve defects bridged with silicon tubes,treatment with small extracellular vesicles derived from hair follicle neural crest stem cells resulted in higher tight junction protein expression in perineurial cells,thus facilitating neural tissue regeneration.At 10 weeks post-surgery,rats treated with small extracellular vesicles derived from hair follicle neural crest stem cells exhibited improved nerve function recovery and reduced muscle atrophy.Transcriptomic and micro RNA analyses revealed that small extracellular vesicles derived from hair follicle neural crest stem cells deliver mi R-21-5p,which inhibits mothers against decapentaplegic homolog 7 expression,thereby activating the transforming growth factor-β/mothers against decapentaplegic homolog signaling pathway and upregulating hyaluronan synthase 2 expression,and further enhancing tight junction protein expression.Together,our findings indicate that small extracellular vesicles derived from hair follicle neural crest stem cells promote the proliferation,migration,and tight junction protein formation of perineurial cells.These results provide new insights into peripheral nerve regeneration from the perspective of perineurial cells,and present a novel approach for the clinical treatment of peripheral nerve defects.展开更多
Objective:Ovarian cancer(OC)ranks among the leading causes of mortality among the female cancers worldwide.Numerous studies have explored the development and progression of OC at multiple genetic regulatory levels.How...Objective:Ovarian cancer(OC)ranks among the leading causes of mortality among the female cancers worldwide.Numerous studies have explored the development and progression of OC at multiple genetic regulatory levels.However,relatively few studies have explored the impact of post-translational modifications(PTM)on OC progression,which is essential for uncovering new therapeutic targets.This study aimed to systematically identify the key PTM types involved in OCprogression,and to explore and evaluate their translational potential as therapeutic targets.Methods:First,we utilized multiple general PTM antibodies to compare gross PTM levels between normal ovarian and OC tissues from clinical females.After identifying lactylation as the PTM with the most significant differences,we selected representative samples for label-free mass spectrometry to identify specific lactylation sites.Next,we transfected A2780(OC)cells with either wild-type(WT)or mutant(K192A[Q])poly(ADP-ribose)polymerase 1(PARP1)conjugated to enhanced green fluorescent protein(EGFP)with a StrepⅡpeptide tag and assessed various cellular indexes related to cell proliferation(clonogenicity assay),migration(scratch wound healing assay),and reactive oxygen species levels.Results:Pan-lactylation was significantly upregulated in clinical OC samples,with PARP1 lactylation at K192 being one of the most common modifications.The growth and migration of A2780 cells were markedly suppressed by overexpressing PARP1-WT but not mutant PARP1.Overexpressing PARP1 significantly downregulated the phosphorylation of extracellular signal-regulated kinases 1/2(ERK1/2).Conclusion:This study uncovered a novel PTM of PARP1 in OC,lactylation,and demonstrated that lactylation at K192 is crucial in regulating OC cell growth and migration via the ERK1/2 pathway.Further investigations are required to elucidate the broader functional implications of PARP1 lactylation and its therapeutic potential.展开更多
Difunctionalization of unsaturated hydrocarbons is a pivotal synthetic strategy enabling the conversion of alkenes and alkynes into high value-added compounds.It allows for the introduction of two functional groups in...Difunctionalization of unsaturated hydrocarbons is a pivotal synthetic strategy enabling the conversion of alkenes and alkynes into high value-added compounds.It allows for the introduction of two functional groups into the unsaturated bond in a single step,facilitating the efficient construction of complex molecular architectures,which has been widely utilized in material chemistry,pharmaceutical and fine chemical synthesis.Recently,significant progress has been made via free radical-mediated difunctionalization due to the extensive application of photocatalysis.However,highly selective difunc-tionalization reactions still remain challenging.The research progress of selective difunctionalization of unsaturated hydro-carbons using a free radical addition/functional group migration strategy over the past decade is summarized,and synthetic strategies and key reaction steps are systematically elaborated.展开更多
The application of legal texts in the context of digital television is a process that relies on several normative instruments,ranging from international treaties,such as those of the ITU(International Telecommunicatio...The application of legal texts in the context of digital television is a process that relies on several normative instruments,ranging from international treaties,such as those of the ITU(International Telecommunications Union),to national regulations defining the obligations of audiovisual operators and the modalities of consumer support.Many countries have introduced specific laws and regulations to organize the gradual switch-off of analog broadcasting and encourage the adoption of new digital standards.Consequently,the digitization of Guinea’s broadcasting network cannot be carried out without taking into account the legal framework:allocation of resources and broadcasting players.Analog and digital broadcasting,according to regulatory texts,shows the relationships between the different communication management structures.As for digital broadcasting,we note the appearance of a new service,multiplex.展开更多
BACKGROUND Ventriculoperitoneal shunt(VPS)catheter insertion is one of the most widely accepted surgical procedures for hydrocephalus.Migration of the end of the distal VPS catheter into the scrotum is one of the rare...BACKGROUND Ventriculoperitoneal shunt(VPS)catheter insertion is one of the most widely accepted surgical procedures for hydrocephalus.Migration of the end of the distal VPS catheter into the scrotum is one of the rare complications of VPS catheter insertion.METHODS This is a systematic review of the published cases,and the literature search was performed from 1974 to June 30,2024,to retrieve the relevant manuscripts.The cases were grouped into two.Group A included cases of migration of the distal VPS catheter into the scrotum,detected in children.Group B included the cases of migration of the distal VPS catheter into the scrotum,which was detected in adults and older people.RESULTS One hundred-twenty cases of migration of the distal end of VPS catheter into the scrotum were included in this study,a systematic literature review.Group A included n=112 cases,and group B included n=8 cases only.Three-fourths of the cases involved the right scrotum.Bilateral involvement was rare.The indication for initial VPS insertion was congenital hydrocephalus in four-fifths of the group A cases.The majority were infants at the time of initial shunt insertion.Four-fifths of the group A cases were 24 months-old or younger at the time of clinical diagnosis and treatment was provided for migration of the distal VPS catheter into the scrotum.In children,the interval from VPS insertion or shunt revision if any,to the diagnosis of the complication mentioned above was 12 months or less in four-fifths of the cases.The repositioning of migrated distal VPS catheter into the peritoneal cavity and herniotomy was preferred for the surgical procedure,and it was performed for two-thirds of group A cases.CONCLUSION Migration of the distal part of the VPS catheter into the scrotum is a rare complication of cerebrospinal fluid diversion via VPS catheter insertion.It was most frequent in children,and the right side of the scrotum was most often involved.展开更多
Following the publication,concerns have been raised about a number of figures in this article.The western blots in this article were presented with atypical,unusually shaped and possibly anomalous protein bands in man...Following the publication,concerns have been raised about a number of figures in this article.The western blots in this article were presented with atypical,unusually shaped and possibly anomalous protein bands in many cases.展开更多
The published article titled“Silencing of lncRNA CCDC26 Restrains the Growth and Migration of Glioma Cells In Vitro and In Vivo via Targeting miR-203”has been retracted fromOncology Research,Vol.26,No.8,2018,pp.1143...The published article titled“Silencing of lncRNA CCDC26 Restrains the Growth and Migration of Glioma Cells In Vitro and In Vivo via Targeting miR-203”has been retracted fromOncology Research,Vol.26,No.8,2018,pp.1143–1154.展开更多
Ecological barriers present significant challenges to bird migration by limiting the availability of stopover sites and shelters. The Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, a major migratory barrier located in higher latitude Central...Ecological barriers present significant challenges to bird migration by limiting the availability of stopover sites and shelters. The Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, a major migratory barrier located in higher latitude Central Asia, exerts a substantial influence on avian migration patterns. Species traversing such ecological barriers may adopt multiple optimal routes, which can contribute to the formation of migratory divides. From 2018 to 2021, the migration routes of 13 adult Common Cuckoos (Cuculus canorus) breeding in the north of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau were tracked using satellite transmitters. We found Common Cuckoos have two primary migration routes: western and eastern, respectively following western and eastern edges of the Qinghai-Tibet plateau. The eastern and western routes are likely the optimal routes for the Central Asian Common Cuckoos population to navigate the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. Furthermore, two individuals exhibited intermediate migration routes, suggesting attempted traverses of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, although neither completed the migration. These intermediate routes may indicate migratory behavior influenced by hybridization between eastern and western populations or migratory flexibility. Common Cuckoos exhibit significantly faster migration speed, flight speed, and shorter stopover durations during spring compared to autumn. The observed seasonal differences in migration behavior support birds following time-minimization strategies during spring migration. These results revealed the diverse migration routes of Common Cuckoos shaped by the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau and seasonal variation in migration patterns.展开更多
BACKGROUND Glioblastoma multiforme(GBM)is the most aggressive and prevalent primary malignant brain tumor in adults,marked by poor prognosis and high invasiveness.Traditional GBM invasion assays,such as those involvin...BACKGROUND Glioblastoma multiforme(GBM)is the most aggressive and prevalent primary malignant brain tumor in adults,marked by poor prognosis and high invasiveness.Traditional GBM invasion assays,such as those involving mouse brain xenografts,are often time-consuming and limited in efficiency.In this context,stem cell-derived neural organoids(NOs)have emerged as advanced,threedimensional,human-relevant platforms that mimic the cellular architecture and microenvironment of the human brain.These models provide novel opportunities to investigate glioblastoma stem cell invasion,a critical driver of tumor progression and therapeutic resistance.AIM To evaluate studies using stem cell-derived NOs to model glioblastoma migration/invasion,focusing on methodologies,applications and therapeutic implications.METHODS We conducted a systematic review following PRISMA guidelines,searching PubMed and Scopus for studies published between March 2019 and March 2025 that investigated NOs in the context of glioblastoma invasion/migration.After screening 377 articles based on predefined inclusion and exclusion criteria,10 original research articles were selected for analysis.Extracted data were categorized into four analytical domains:(1)Tumor model formation;(2)NO characteristics;(3)NO differentiation protocols;and(4)Invasion/migration assessment methodologies.RESULTS The included studies exhibit significant methodological heterogeneity GBM model development,particularly regarding model type,cell source and culture conditions.Most studies(70%)used suspension cell models,while 30%employed spheroids,with most research focusing on patient-derived glioblastoma stem cells.NOs were predominantly generated from human induced pluripotent stem cells using both guided and unguided differentiation protocols.Confocal fluorescence microscopy was the primary method used for assessing invasion,revealing invasion depths of up to 300μm.Organoid maturity and co-culture duration influenced results,while key factors for model optimization included tumor cell density,organoid age and extracellular matrix composition.Some studies also tested therapeutic strategies such as Zika virus and microRNA modulation.Collectively,findings support the utility of NOs as effective tools for studying GBM behavior and therapeutic responses in a humanized three-dimensional context.CONCLUSION Human NOs represent promising platforms for modeling glioblastoma invasion in a humanized three-dimensional environment.However,a limited number of studies and methodological heterogeneity hinder reproducibility.Protocol standardization is essential to enhance the translational application of these models.展开更多
Understanding migratory waterfowl spatiotemporal distributions is important because,in addition to their economic and cultural value,wild waterfowl can be infectious reservoirs of highly pathogenic avian influenza vir...Understanding migratory waterfowl spatiotemporal distributions is important because,in addition to their economic and cultural value,wild waterfowl can be infectious reservoirs of highly pathogenic avian influenza virus(HPAIV).Waterfowl migration has been implicated in regional and intercontinental HPAIV dispersal,and predictive capabilities of where and when HPAIV may be introduced to susceptible spillover hosts would facilitate biosecurity and mitigation efforts.To develop forecasts for HPAIV dispersal,an improved understanding of how individual birds interact with their environment and move on a landscape scale is required.Using an agent-based modeling approach,we integrated individual-scale energetics,species-specific morphology and behavior,and landscape-scale weather and habitat data in a mechanistic stochastic framework to simulate Mallard(Anas platyrhynchos)and Northern Pintail(Anas acuta)annual migration across the Northern Hemisphere.Our model recreated biologically realistic migratory patterns using a first principles approach to waterfowl ecology,behavior,and physiology.Conducting a limited structural sensitivity analysis comparing reduced models to eBird Status and Trends in reference to the full model,we identified density dependence as the main factor influencing spring migration and breeding distributions,and wind as the main factor influencing fall migration and overwintering distributions.We show evidence of weather patterns in Northeast Asia causing significant intercontinental pintail migration to North America.By linking individual energetics to landscapescale processes,we identify key drivers of waterfowl migration while developing a predictive model responsive to daily weather patterns.This model paves the way for future waterfowl migration research predicting HPAIV transmission,climate change impacts,and oil spill effects.展开更多
This paper aims to elucidate the seismic characteristics of the Three Gorges Reservoir area after impoundment and investigate the seismic source migration.Based on the seismic data analysis from the Badong segment in ...This paper aims to elucidate the seismic characteristics of the Three Gorges Reservoir area after impoundment and investigate the seismic source migration.Based on the seismic data analysis from the Badong segment in the Three Gorges Reservoir area,we assessed the local temporal and spatial variations in the frequent earthquakes.Correlation analysis was conducted to investigate the relationship between changes in reservoir water levels and the occurrence of reservoir-induced earthquakes.Additionally,we examined the regularity of earthquake occurrences at the exact location during different periods.Based on the fault mechanics principles,a formula was derived to estimate the length of open and wing-shaped rupture at the hypocenter under the influence of pore or excess pore water pressure.The results reveal that reservoir-induced seismicity demonstrates short-term cycles characterized by alternating"active periods"and"quiet periods,"as well as long-term cycles with the combined periods.The probability of earthquakes occurring within one year at the epicentre is relatively high and decreases after four years.The derived formula can be utilized to estimate the seismic migration distance at the epicentre in the short term.These research findings provide valuable insights for analyzing the regularity of reservoir-induced earthquake activities and understanding the mechanism of seismic source migration.展开更多
The migratory nature of avian species is well known not only to researchers but also to the general public,becoming engrained in cultural traditions and even children's fairy tales.However,our understanding of the...The migratory nature of avian species is well known not only to researchers but also to the general public,becoming engrained in cultural traditions and even children's fairy tales.However,our understanding of these charismatic behaviors made great strides in the 1990s with the advent of small,light-weighted satellite transmitters capable of longterm tracking(Argos,2016).The emergence of this new technology made it possible to track a broader range of species at higher resolution than ever before.In turn,this data enabled detailed understanding of individual avian behavior and habitats,including transboundary migration routes.展开更多
What does the impact of migration mean in a social context?This article aims to see migrants by taking their stories into account.Through the individual stories,the readers can see the way in which a bigger picture is...What does the impact of migration mean in a social context?This article aims to see migrants by taking their stories into account.Through the individual stories,the readers can see the way in which a bigger picture is emerged in terms of community,society and nation.By doing so,the authors want to show the way in which migrants integrate into a society,including both migrants having a residence permit and those who are undocumented,as these two groups of people do differ greatly.The cultural clash does mean the inner struggle and the outer struggle that a society has to confront with.展开更多
The published article titled“Triptolide inhibits proliferation and migration of human neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cells by upregulating microRNA-181a”has been retracted from Oncology Research,Vol.26,No.8,2018,PP.1235-1243.
This study aims to explore the unconscious motivations underlying migration in Niger, with an emphasis on understanding the phenomenon of pathological travel. Its aim is to identify the unconscious factors of patholog...This study aims to explore the unconscious motivations underlying migration in Niger, with an emphasis on understanding the phenomenon of pathological travel. Its aim is to identify the unconscious factors of pathological travel among migrants. Pathological travel, as discussed in the scientific literature on psychopathology, is characterised by movements initiated under the influence of delusions, hallucinations or other serious psychiatric disorders. The aim of this research is to contribute to our understanding of how these unconscious factors influence migration decisions. Using a retrospective analysis of five cases, this study examines the psychological and psychiatric dimensions of migration, particularly among patients referred to the psychiatry department of the Niamey National Hospital between 2017 and 2018. The five cases analysed, representing 12% of a cohort of 40 migrant patients, suffered from chronic psychotic disorders, including schizophrenia and chronic hallucinatory psychosis. By means of diagnostic interviews and categorical sorting, three main unconscious motivations were identified: the delusional state with themes of filiation and persecution, the hallucinations that dictated the travel behaviour, and the dissociative states manifested by depersonalisation and derealisation. It also emerges from this analysis that pathological travel often involves prolonged journeys on foot and without purpose. Thus, untreated mental illness plays a significant role in shaping and influencing individual and social behaviour. The results of this study have important implications for public health and migration policy. They highlight the need to integrate health assessments into migration management systems, particularly in regions serving as transit hubs for migrants. The research also highlights the need for culturally sensitive psychiatric interventions to address the interaction between pre-existing mental disorders and migration. This study contributes to a better understanding of the psychological dimensions of migration by highlighting the importance of addressing mental health as an integral part of humanitarian action. The knowledge gained paves the way for future research to explore this understudied aspect of migration on a broader scale.展开更多
The published article titled“lncRNA FEZF1-AS1 Is Associated with Prognosis in Lung Adenocarcinoma and Promotes Cell Proliferation,Migration,and Invasion”has been retracted from Oncology Research,Vol.27,No.1,2019,pp...The published article titled“lncRNA FEZF1-AS1 Is Associated with Prognosis in Lung Adenocarcinoma and Promotes Cell Proliferation,Migration,and Invasion”has been retracted from Oncology Research,Vol.27,No.1,2019,pp.39–45.展开更多
In this paper,we focus on compelling evidence showing that MEX3A is significantly overexpressed in hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)and correlates with poor prognosis.A recent study by Ji et al highlights MEX3A’s role in...In this paper,we focus on compelling evidence showing that MEX3A is significantly overexpressed in hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)and correlates with poor prognosis.A recent study by Ji et al highlights MEX3A’s role in driving proliferation and migration via the RORA/β-catenin axis and epithelial-mesenchymal transition,positioning it as a potential biomarker and therapeutic target.This study addresses a critical gap in understanding HCC pathogenesis and offers valuable mechanistic insights.展开更多
The published article titled“Procaine inhibits the proliferation and migration of colon cancer cells through inactivation of the ERK/MAPK/FAK pathways by regulation of RhoA”has been retracted from Oncology Research,...The published article titled“Procaine inhibits the proliferation and migration of colon cancer cells through inactivation of the ERK/MAPK/FAK pathways by regulation of RhoA”has been retracted from Oncology Research,Vol.26,No.2,2018,pp.209–217.展开更多
Migratory insect pests tend to suddenly immigrate into new habitats over a short period to simultaneously lay eggs in clusters,resulting in gregarious larvae that cause severe damage to crops.These aggregated larvae c...Migratory insect pests tend to suddenly immigrate into new habitats over a short period to simultaneously lay eggs in clusters,resulting in gregarious larvae that cause severe damage to crops.These aggregated larvae can adapt well to various natural enemies and pathogens in their new habitats,but how their resistance might be enhanced and its immunological significance remain unknown.Here,we examined how infection by a pathogen and a parasitic fly affect the immune response and migratory behavior in two phases of the oriental armyworm,Mythimna separata,which differ dramatically in their flight capacity and fecundity.The gregarious larvae displayed greater resistance than solitary larvae to the challenges of both the entomopathogenic fungus Metarhizium anisopliae and the parasitoid Exorista civilis.In response to a challenge by M.anisopliae,gregarious larvae exhibited more pronounced increases in phenoloxidase(PO)activity and lysozyme activity than solitary larvae.Furthermore,in addition to the greater PO and lysozyme activities,the levels of dopamine and 5-hydroxytryptamine(5-HT)were also greater in challenged gregarious and solitary larvae.Injection of dopamine(or 5-HT)significantly enhanced PO activity,lysozyme activity,antibacterial activity and larval survival.Subsequently,there was a significant increase in the flight capacity of adults derived from gregarious larvae challenged by M.anisopliae;while no significant variation was observed in the adults from challenged solitary larvae.The preoviposition period,oviposition period and fecundity were not significantly affected by M.anisopliae,regardless of whether the larvae were gregarious or solitary.These results provide new insights into the relationship between migration and immunity in insects,and their behavior after immunization.展开更多
基金supported by NIH grants,Nos.R01NS125074,R01AG083164,R01NS107365,and R21NS127177(to YL),1F31NS129204-01A1(to KW)and Albert Ryan Fellowship(to KW).
文摘Adult neurogenesis continuously produces new neurons critical for cognitive plasticity in adult rodents.While it is known transforming growth factor-βsignaling is important in embryonic neurogenesis,its role in postnatal neurogenesis remains unclear.In this study,to define the precise role of transforming growth factor-βsignaling in postnatal neurogenesis at distinct stages of the neurogenic cascade both in vitro and in vivo,we developed two novel inducible and cell type-specific mouse models to specifically silence transforming growth factor-βsignaling in neural stem cells in(mGFAPcre-ALK5fl/fl-Ai9)or immature neuroblasts in(DCXcreERT2-ALK5fl/fl-Ai9).Our data showed that exogenous transforming growth factor-βtreatment led to inhibition of the proliferation of primary neural stem cells while stimulating their migration.These effects were abolished in activin-like kinase 5(ALK5)knockout primary neural stem cells.Consistent with this,inhibition of transforming growth factor-βsignaling with SB-431542 in wild-type neural stem cells stimulated proliferation while inhibited the migration of neural stem cells.Interestingly,deletion of transforming growth factor-βreceptor in neural stem cells in vivo inhibited the migration of postnatal born neurons in mGFAPcre-ALK5fl/fl-Ai9 mice,while abolishment of transforming growth factor-βsignaling in immature neuroblasts in DCXcreERT2-ALK5fl/fl-Ai9 mice did not affect the migration of these cells in the hippocampus.In summary,our data supports a dual role of transforming growth factor-βsignaling in the proliferation and migration of neural stem cells in vitro.Moreover,our data provides novel insights on cell type-specific-dependent requirements of transforming growth factor-βsignaling on neural stem cell proliferation and migration in vivo.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.81571211(to FL)the Natural Science Foundation of Shanghai,No.22ZR1476800(to CH)。
文摘Peripheral nerve defect repair is a complex process that involves multiple cell types;perineurial cells play a pivotal role.Hair follicle neural crest stem cells promote perineurial cell proliferation and migration via paracrine signaling;however,their clinical applications are limited by potential risks such as tumorigenesis and xenogeneic immune rejection,which are similar to the risks associated with other stem cell transplantations.The present study therefore focuses on small extracellular vesicles derived from hair follicle neural crest stem cells,which preserve the bioactive properties of the parent cells while avoiding the transplantation-associated risks.In vitro,small extracellular vesicles derived from hair follicle neural crest stem cells significantly enhanced the proliferation,migration,tube formation,and barrier function of perineurial cells,and subsequently upregulated the expression of tight junction proteins.Furthermore,in a rat model of sciatic nerve defects bridged with silicon tubes,treatment with small extracellular vesicles derived from hair follicle neural crest stem cells resulted in higher tight junction protein expression in perineurial cells,thus facilitating neural tissue regeneration.At 10 weeks post-surgery,rats treated with small extracellular vesicles derived from hair follicle neural crest stem cells exhibited improved nerve function recovery and reduced muscle atrophy.Transcriptomic and micro RNA analyses revealed that small extracellular vesicles derived from hair follicle neural crest stem cells deliver mi R-21-5p,which inhibits mothers against decapentaplegic homolog 7 expression,thereby activating the transforming growth factor-β/mothers against decapentaplegic homolog signaling pathway and upregulating hyaluronan synthase 2 expression,and further enhancing tight junction protein expression.Together,our findings indicate that small extracellular vesicles derived from hair follicle neural crest stem cells promote the proliferation,migration,and tight junction protein formation of perineurial cells.These results provide new insights into peripheral nerve regeneration from the perspective of perineurial cells,and present a novel approach for the clinical treatment of peripheral nerve defects.
文摘Objective:Ovarian cancer(OC)ranks among the leading causes of mortality among the female cancers worldwide.Numerous studies have explored the development and progression of OC at multiple genetic regulatory levels.However,relatively few studies have explored the impact of post-translational modifications(PTM)on OC progression,which is essential for uncovering new therapeutic targets.This study aimed to systematically identify the key PTM types involved in OCprogression,and to explore and evaluate their translational potential as therapeutic targets.Methods:First,we utilized multiple general PTM antibodies to compare gross PTM levels between normal ovarian and OC tissues from clinical females.After identifying lactylation as the PTM with the most significant differences,we selected representative samples for label-free mass spectrometry to identify specific lactylation sites.Next,we transfected A2780(OC)cells with either wild-type(WT)or mutant(K192A[Q])poly(ADP-ribose)polymerase 1(PARP1)conjugated to enhanced green fluorescent protein(EGFP)with a StrepⅡpeptide tag and assessed various cellular indexes related to cell proliferation(clonogenicity assay),migration(scratch wound healing assay),and reactive oxygen species levels.Results:Pan-lactylation was significantly upregulated in clinical OC samples,with PARP1 lactylation at K192 being one of the most common modifications.The growth and migration of A2780 cells were markedly suppressed by overexpressing PARP1-WT but not mutant PARP1.Overexpressing PARP1 significantly downregulated the phosphorylation of extracellular signal-regulated kinases 1/2(ERK1/2).Conclusion:This study uncovered a novel PTM of PARP1 in OC,lactylation,and demonstrated that lactylation at K192 is crucial in regulating OC cell growth and migration via the ERK1/2 pathway.Further investigations are required to elucidate the broader functional implications of PARP1 lactylation and its therapeutic potential.
文摘Difunctionalization of unsaturated hydrocarbons is a pivotal synthetic strategy enabling the conversion of alkenes and alkynes into high value-added compounds.It allows for the introduction of two functional groups into the unsaturated bond in a single step,facilitating the efficient construction of complex molecular architectures,which has been widely utilized in material chemistry,pharmaceutical and fine chemical synthesis.Recently,significant progress has been made via free radical-mediated difunctionalization due to the extensive application of photocatalysis.However,highly selective difunc-tionalization reactions still remain challenging.The research progress of selective difunctionalization of unsaturated hydro-carbons using a free radical addition/functional group migration strategy over the past decade is summarized,and synthetic strategies and key reaction steps are systematically elaborated.
文摘The application of legal texts in the context of digital television is a process that relies on several normative instruments,ranging from international treaties,such as those of the ITU(International Telecommunications Union),to national regulations defining the obligations of audiovisual operators and the modalities of consumer support.Many countries have introduced specific laws and regulations to organize the gradual switch-off of analog broadcasting and encourage the adoption of new digital standards.Consequently,the digitization of Guinea’s broadcasting network cannot be carried out without taking into account the legal framework:allocation of resources and broadcasting players.Analog and digital broadcasting,according to regulatory texts,shows the relationships between the different communication management structures.As for digital broadcasting,we note the appearance of a new service,multiplex.
文摘BACKGROUND Ventriculoperitoneal shunt(VPS)catheter insertion is one of the most widely accepted surgical procedures for hydrocephalus.Migration of the end of the distal VPS catheter into the scrotum is one of the rare complications of VPS catheter insertion.METHODS This is a systematic review of the published cases,and the literature search was performed from 1974 to June 30,2024,to retrieve the relevant manuscripts.The cases were grouped into two.Group A included cases of migration of the distal VPS catheter into the scrotum,detected in children.Group B included the cases of migration of the distal VPS catheter into the scrotum,which was detected in adults and older people.RESULTS One hundred-twenty cases of migration of the distal end of VPS catheter into the scrotum were included in this study,a systematic literature review.Group A included n=112 cases,and group B included n=8 cases only.Three-fourths of the cases involved the right scrotum.Bilateral involvement was rare.The indication for initial VPS insertion was congenital hydrocephalus in four-fifths of the group A cases.The majority were infants at the time of initial shunt insertion.Four-fifths of the group A cases were 24 months-old or younger at the time of clinical diagnosis and treatment was provided for migration of the distal VPS catheter into the scrotum.In children,the interval from VPS insertion or shunt revision if any,to the diagnosis of the complication mentioned above was 12 months or less in four-fifths of the cases.The repositioning of migrated distal VPS catheter into the peritoneal cavity and herniotomy was preferred for the surgical procedure,and it was performed for two-thirds of group A cases.CONCLUSION Migration of the distal part of the VPS catheter into the scrotum is a rare complication of cerebrospinal fluid diversion via VPS catheter insertion.It was most frequent in children,and the right side of the scrotum was most often involved.
文摘Following the publication,concerns have been raised about a number of figures in this article.The western blots in this article were presented with atypical,unusually shaped and possibly anomalous protein bands in many cases.
文摘The published article titled“Silencing of lncRNA CCDC26 Restrains the Growth and Migration of Glioma Cells In Vitro and In Vivo via Targeting miR-203”has been retracted fromOncology Research,Vol.26,No.8,2018,pp.1143–1154.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.31672296).
文摘Ecological barriers present significant challenges to bird migration by limiting the availability of stopover sites and shelters. The Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, a major migratory barrier located in higher latitude Central Asia, exerts a substantial influence on avian migration patterns. Species traversing such ecological barriers may adopt multiple optimal routes, which can contribute to the formation of migratory divides. From 2018 to 2021, the migration routes of 13 adult Common Cuckoos (Cuculus canorus) breeding in the north of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau were tracked using satellite transmitters. We found Common Cuckoos have two primary migration routes: western and eastern, respectively following western and eastern edges of the Qinghai-Tibet plateau. The eastern and western routes are likely the optimal routes for the Central Asian Common Cuckoos population to navigate the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. Furthermore, two individuals exhibited intermediate migration routes, suggesting attempted traverses of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, although neither completed the migration. These intermediate routes may indicate migratory behavior influenced by hybridization between eastern and western populations or migratory flexibility. Common Cuckoos exhibit significantly faster migration speed, flight speed, and shorter stopover durations during spring compared to autumn. The observed seasonal differences in migration behavior support birds following time-minimization strategies during spring migration. These results revealed the diverse migration routes of Common Cuckoos shaped by the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau and seasonal variation in migration patterns.
基金Supported by Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico,No.307318/2023-0 and No.102035/2024-5Fundação de AmparoàPesquisa do Estado de São Paulo,No.2023/10843-7 and No 2019/21070-3Nanotechnology National Laboratory System 2.0,Ministry of Science,Technology,Innovation and Communication,No.442539/2019-3.
文摘BACKGROUND Glioblastoma multiforme(GBM)is the most aggressive and prevalent primary malignant brain tumor in adults,marked by poor prognosis and high invasiveness.Traditional GBM invasion assays,such as those involving mouse brain xenografts,are often time-consuming and limited in efficiency.In this context,stem cell-derived neural organoids(NOs)have emerged as advanced,threedimensional,human-relevant platforms that mimic the cellular architecture and microenvironment of the human brain.These models provide novel opportunities to investigate glioblastoma stem cell invasion,a critical driver of tumor progression and therapeutic resistance.AIM To evaluate studies using stem cell-derived NOs to model glioblastoma migration/invasion,focusing on methodologies,applications and therapeutic implications.METHODS We conducted a systematic review following PRISMA guidelines,searching PubMed and Scopus for studies published between March 2019 and March 2025 that investigated NOs in the context of glioblastoma invasion/migration.After screening 377 articles based on predefined inclusion and exclusion criteria,10 original research articles were selected for analysis.Extracted data were categorized into four analytical domains:(1)Tumor model formation;(2)NO characteristics;(3)NO differentiation protocols;and(4)Invasion/migration assessment methodologies.RESULTS The included studies exhibit significant methodological heterogeneity GBM model development,particularly regarding model type,cell source and culture conditions.Most studies(70%)used suspension cell models,while 30%employed spheroids,with most research focusing on patient-derived glioblastoma stem cells.NOs were predominantly generated from human induced pluripotent stem cells using both guided and unguided differentiation protocols.Confocal fluorescence microscopy was the primary method used for assessing invasion,revealing invasion depths of up to 300μm.Organoid maturity and co-culture duration influenced results,while key factors for model optimization included tumor cell density,organoid age and extracellular matrix composition.Some studies also tested therapeutic strategies such as Zika virus and microRNA modulation.Collectively,findings support the utility of NOs as effective tools for studying GBM behavior and therapeutic responses in a humanized three-dimensional context.CONCLUSION Human NOs represent promising platforms for modeling glioblastoma invasion in a humanized three-dimensional environment.However,a limited number of studies and methodological heterogeneity hinder reproducibility.Protocol standardization is essential to enhance the translational application of these models.
文摘Understanding migratory waterfowl spatiotemporal distributions is important because,in addition to their economic and cultural value,wild waterfowl can be infectious reservoirs of highly pathogenic avian influenza virus(HPAIV).Waterfowl migration has been implicated in regional and intercontinental HPAIV dispersal,and predictive capabilities of where and when HPAIV may be introduced to susceptible spillover hosts would facilitate biosecurity and mitigation efforts.To develop forecasts for HPAIV dispersal,an improved understanding of how individual birds interact with their environment and move on a landscape scale is required.Using an agent-based modeling approach,we integrated individual-scale energetics,species-specific morphology and behavior,and landscape-scale weather and habitat data in a mechanistic stochastic framework to simulate Mallard(Anas platyrhynchos)and Northern Pintail(Anas acuta)annual migration across the Northern Hemisphere.Our model recreated biologically realistic migratory patterns using a first principles approach to waterfowl ecology,behavior,and physiology.Conducting a limited structural sensitivity analysis comparing reduced models to eBird Status and Trends in reference to the full model,we identified density dependence as the main factor influencing spring migration and breeding distributions,and wind as the main factor influencing fall migration and overwintering distributions.We show evidence of weather patterns in Northeast Asia causing significant intercontinental pintail migration to North America.By linking individual energetics to landscapescale processes,we identify key drivers of waterfowl migration while developing a predictive model responsive to daily weather patterns.This model paves the way for future waterfowl migration research predicting HPAIV transmission,climate change impacts,and oil spill effects.
基金supported by the Open Research Fund of Key Laboratory of Geological Hazards on Three Gorges Reservoir Area of China Three Gorges University,the Ministry of Education(2020KDZ12)the National Natural Science Foundation Joint Funded Project of China(U2034203),the National Natural Science Foundation Joint Funded Project of China(U22A20600)+2 种基金the Hubei Key Laboratory of Disaster Prevention and Mitigation of China Three Gorges University(2022KJZ08)Natural Science Research Program of Yichang City in 2023(A23-2-047)Scientific Research Program of Hubei Provincial Department of Education in 2022(B2022567)。
文摘This paper aims to elucidate the seismic characteristics of the Three Gorges Reservoir area after impoundment and investigate the seismic source migration.Based on the seismic data analysis from the Badong segment in the Three Gorges Reservoir area,we assessed the local temporal and spatial variations in the frequent earthquakes.Correlation analysis was conducted to investigate the relationship between changes in reservoir water levels and the occurrence of reservoir-induced earthquakes.Additionally,we examined the regularity of earthquake occurrences at the exact location during different periods.Based on the fault mechanics principles,a formula was derived to estimate the length of open and wing-shaped rupture at the hypocenter under the influence of pore or excess pore water pressure.The results reveal that reservoir-induced seismicity demonstrates short-term cycles characterized by alternating"active periods"and"quiet periods,"as well as long-term cycles with the combined periods.The probability of earthquakes occurring within one year at the epicentre is relatively high and decreases after four years.The derived formula can be utilized to estimate the seismic migration distance at the epicentre in the short term.These research findings provide valuable insights for analyzing the regularity of reservoir-induced earthquake activities and understanding the mechanism of seismic source migration.
文摘The migratory nature of avian species is well known not only to researchers but also to the general public,becoming engrained in cultural traditions and even children's fairy tales.However,our understanding of these charismatic behaviors made great strides in the 1990s with the advent of small,light-weighted satellite transmitters capable of longterm tracking(Argos,2016).The emergence of this new technology made it possible to track a broader range of species at higher resolution than ever before.In turn,this data enabled detailed understanding of individual avian behavior and habitats,including transboundary migration routes.
文摘What does the impact of migration mean in a social context?This article aims to see migrants by taking their stories into account.Through the individual stories,the readers can see the way in which a bigger picture is emerged in terms of community,society and nation.By doing so,the authors want to show the way in which migrants integrate into a society,including both migrants having a residence permit and those who are undocumented,as these two groups of people do differ greatly.The cultural clash does mean the inner struggle and the outer struggle that a society has to confront with.
文摘The published article titled“Triptolide inhibits proliferation and migration of human neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cells by upregulating microRNA-181a”has been retracted from Oncology Research,Vol.26,No.8,2018,PP.1235-1243.
文摘This study aims to explore the unconscious motivations underlying migration in Niger, with an emphasis on understanding the phenomenon of pathological travel. Its aim is to identify the unconscious factors of pathological travel among migrants. Pathological travel, as discussed in the scientific literature on psychopathology, is characterised by movements initiated under the influence of delusions, hallucinations or other serious psychiatric disorders. The aim of this research is to contribute to our understanding of how these unconscious factors influence migration decisions. Using a retrospective analysis of five cases, this study examines the psychological and psychiatric dimensions of migration, particularly among patients referred to the psychiatry department of the Niamey National Hospital between 2017 and 2018. The five cases analysed, representing 12% of a cohort of 40 migrant patients, suffered from chronic psychotic disorders, including schizophrenia and chronic hallucinatory psychosis. By means of diagnostic interviews and categorical sorting, three main unconscious motivations were identified: the delusional state with themes of filiation and persecution, the hallucinations that dictated the travel behaviour, and the dissociative states manifested by depersonalisation and derealisation. It also emerges from this analysis that pathological travel often involves prolonged journeys on foot and without purpose. Thus, untreated mental illness plays a significant role in shaping and influencing individual and social behaviour. The results of this study have important implications for public health and migration policy. They highlight the need to integrate health assessments into migration management systems, particularly in regions serving as transit hubs for migrants. The research also highlights the need for culturally sensitive psychiatric interventions to address the interaction between pre-existing mental disorders and migration. This study contributes to a better understanding of the psychological dimensions of migration by highlighting the importance of addressing mental health as an integral part of humanitarian action. The knowledge gained paves the way for future research to explore this understudied aspect of migration on a broader scale.
文摘The published article titled“lncRNA FEZF1-AS1 Is Associated with Prognosis in Lung Adenocarcinoma and Promotes Cell Proliferation,Migration,and Invasion”has been retracted from Oncology Research,Vol.27,No.1,2019,pp.39–45.
基金Supported by Youth Foundation of Henan Scientific Committee,No.202300410416Henan Province Medical Science,Technology Breakthrough Plan Project,No.LHGJ20190033.
文摘In this paper,we focus on compelling evidence showing that MEX3A is significantly overexpressed in hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)and correlates with poor prognosis.A recent study by Ji et al highlights MEX3A’s role in driving proliferation and migration via the RORA/β-catenin axis and epithelial-mesenchymal transition,positioning it as a potential biomarker and therapeutic target.This study addresses a critical gap in understanding HCC pathogenesis and offers valuable mechanistic insights.
文摘The published article titled“Procaine inhibits the proliferation and migration of colon cancer cells through inactivation of the ERK/MAPK/FAK pathways by regulation of RhoA”has been retracted from Oncology Research,Vol.26,No.2,2018,pp.209–217.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2022YFD1400600)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(32172397,32472540,31871951 and 31672019)+1 种基金the China Agriculture Research System of MOF and MARA(CARS-22)the Natural Science Foundation of Beijing,China(6172030)。
文摘Migratory insect pests tend to suddenly immigrate into new habitats over a short period to simultaneously lay eggs in clusters,resulting in gregarious larvae that cause severe damage to crops.These aggregated larvae can adapt well to various natural enemies and pathogens in their new habitats,but how their resistance might be enhanced and its immunological significance remain unknown.Here,we examined how infection by a pathogen and a parasitic fly affect the immune response and migratory behavior in two phases of the oriental armyworm,Mythimna separata,which differ dramatically in their flight capacity and fecundity.The gregarious larvae displayed greater resistance than solitary larvae to the challenges of both the entomopathogenic fungus Metarhizium anisopliae and the parasitoid Exorista civilis.In response to a challenge by M.anisopliae,gregarious larvae exhibited more pronounced increases in phenoloxidase(PO)activity and lysozyme activity than solitary larvae.Furthermore,in addition to the greater PO and lysozyme activities,the levels of dopamine and 5-hydroxytryptamine(5-HT)were also greater in challenged gregarious and solitary larvae.Injection of dopamine(or 5-HT)significantly enhanced PO activity,lysozyme activity,antibacterial activity and larval survival.Subsequently,there was a significant increase in the flight capacity of adults derived from gregarious larvae challenged by M.anisopliae;while no significant variation was observed in the adults from challenged solitary larvae.The preoviposition period,oviposition period and fecundity were not significantly affected by M.anisopliae,regardless of whether the larvae were gregarious or solitary.These results provide new insights into the relationship between migration and immunity in insects,and their behavior after immunization.
