The development of high-performance structural and functional materials is vital in many industrial fields.High-and medium-entropy alloys(H/MEAs)with superior comprehensive properties owing to their specific microstru...The development of high-performance structural and functional materials is vital in many industrial fields.High-and medium-entropy alloys(H/MEAs)with superior comprehensive properties owing to their specific microstructures are promising candidates for structural materials.More importantly,multitudinous efforts have been made to regulate the microstructures and the properties of H/MEAs to further expand their industrial applications.The various heterostructures have enormous potential for the development of H/MEAs with outstanding performance.Herein,multiple heterogeneous structures with single and hierarchical heterogeneities were discussed in detail.Moreover,preparation methods for compositional inhomogeneity,bimodal structures,dualphase structures,lamella/layered structures,harmonic structures(core-shell),multiscale precipitates and heterostructures coupled with specific microstructures in H/MEAs were also systematically reviewed.The deformation mechanisms induced by the different heterostructures were thoroughly discussed to explore the relationship between the heterostructures and the optimized properties of H/MEAs.The contributions of the heterostructures and advanced microstructures to the H/MEAs were comprehensively elucidated to further improve the properties of the alloys.Finally,this review discussed the future challenges of high-performance H/MEAs for industrial applications and provides feasible methods for optimizing heterostructures to enhance the comprehensive properties of H/MEAs.展开更多
Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis(IPF)is a progressive lung disease and its incidence rate is rapidly rising.However,effective therapies for the treatment of IPF are still lacking.Phosphodiesterase 4(PDE4)inhibitors were ...Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis(IPF)is a progressive lung disease and its incidence rate is rapidly rising.However,effective therapies for the treatment of IPF are still lacking.Phosphodiesterase 4(PDE4)inhibitors were reported to be potential anti-fibrotic agents.Herein,structure-based hit-to-lead optimization of natural isoaurostatin(8.98μmol/L)resulted in several potent inhibitors of PDE4 with half maximal inhibitory concentration(IC_(50))values ranging from 35 nmol/L to 126 nmol/L.Co-crystal structures revealed that isoaurostatin compounds exhibited different binding patterns from the classic PDE4 inhibitor rolipram and the analogues would favor to be Z configurations other than the corresponding E isomers.Finally,lead 2–9 showed remarkable in vitro/in vivo anti-fibrotic effects indicating its potential as a novel anti-IPF agent.展开更多
The beam pumping unit(BPU)remains the most stable and reliable equipment for crude oil lifting.Despite its simple four-link mechanism,the structural design of the BPU presents a constrained single-objective optimizati...The beam pumping unit(BPU)remains the most stable and reliable equipment for crude oil lifting.Despite its simple four-link mechanism,the structural design of the BPU presents a constrained single-objective optimization problem.Currently,a comprehensive framework for the structural design and optimization of compound balanced BPUs is lacking.Therefore,this study proposes a novel structural design scheme for BPUs,aiming to meet the practical needs of designers and operators by sequentially optimizing both the dynamic characteristics and balance properties of the BPUs.A dynamic model of compound balanced BPU was established based on D'Alembert's principle.The constraints for structural dimensions were formulated based on the actual operational requirements and design experience with BPUs.To optimize the structure,three algorithms were employed:the particle swarm optimization(PSO)algorithm,the genetic algorithm(GA),and the gray wolf optimization(GWO)algorithm.Each newly generated individuals are regulated by constraints to ensure the rationality of the outcomes.Furthermore,the integration of three algorithms ensures the increased likelihood of attaining the global optimal solution.The polished rod acceleration of the optimized structure is significantly reduced,and the dynamic characteristics of the up and down strokes are essentially symmetrical.Additionally,these three algorithms are also applied to the balance optimization of BPUs based on the measured dynamometer card.The calculation results demonstrate that the GWO-based optimization method exhibits excellent robustness in terms of structural optimization by enhancing the operational smoothness of the BPU,as well as in balance optimization by achieving energy conservation.By applying the optimization scheme proposed in this paper,the CYJW7-3-23HF type of BPU was designed,achieving a maximum polished rod acceleration of±0.675 m/s^(2) when operating at a stroke of 6 min^(−1).When deployed in two wells,the root-mean-square(RMS)torque was minimized,reaching values of 7.539 kN·m and 12.921 kN·m,respectively.The proposed design method not only contributes to the personalized customization but also improves the design efficiency of compound balanced BPUs.展开更多
Response analysis of structures involving non-probabilistic uncertain parameters can be closely related to optimization.This paper provides a review on optimization-based methods for uncertainty analysis,with focusing...Response analysis of structures involving non-probabilistic uncertain parameters can be closely related to optimization.This paper provides a review on optimization-based methods for uncertainty analysis,with focusing attention on specific properties of adopted numerical optimization approaches.We collect and discuss the methods based on nonlinear programming,semidefinite programming,mixed-integer programming,mathematical programming with complementarity constraints,difference-of-convex programming,optimization methods using surrogate models and machine learning techniques,and metaheuristics.As a closely related topic,we also overview the methods for assessing structural robustness using non-probabilistic uncertainty modeling.We conclude the paper by drawing several remarks through this review.展开更多
A data-driven model ofmultiple variable cutting(M-VCUT)level set-based substructure is proposed for the topology optimization of lattice structures.TheM-VCUTlevel setmethod is used to represent substructures,enriching...A data-driven model ofmultiple variable cutting(M-VCUT)level set-based substructure is proposed for the topology optimization of lattice structures.TheM-VCUTlevel setmethod is used to represent substructures,enriching their diversity of configuration while ensuring connectivity.To construct the data-driven model of substructure,a database is prepared by sampling the space of substructures spanned by several substructure prototypes.Then,for each substructure in this database,the stiffness matrix is condensed so that its degrees of freedomare reduced.Thereafter,the data-drivenmodel of substructures is constructed through interpolationwith compactly supported radial basis function(CS-RBF).The inputs of the data-driven model are the design variables of topology optimization,and the outputs are the condensed stiffness matrix and volume of substructures.During the optimization,this data-driven model is used,thus avoiding repeated static condensation that would requiremuch computation time.Several numerical examples are provided to verify the proposed method.展开更多
Biological load-bearing materials,like the nacre in shells,have a unique staggered structure that supports their superior mechanical properties.Engineers have been encouraged to imitate it to create load-bearing bio-i...Biological load-bearing materials,like the nacre in shells,have a unique staggered structure that supports their superior mechanical properties.Engineers have been encouraged to imitate it to create load-bearing bio-inspired materials which have excellent properties not present in conventional composites.To create such materials with desirable mechanical properties,the optimum structural parameters combination must be selected.Moreover,the optimal design of bio-inspired composites needs to take into account the trade-offs between various mechanical properties.In this paper,multi-objective optimization models were developed using structural parameters as design variables and mechanical properties as optimization objectives,including stiffness,strength,toughness,and dynamic damping.Using the NSGA-II optimization algorithm,a set of optimal solutions were solved.Additionally,three different structures in natural nacre were introduced in order to utilize the better structure when design bio-inspired materials.The range of optimal solutions that obtained using results from previous research were examined and explained why this collection of optimal solution ranges is better.Also,optimal solutions were compared with the structural features and mechanical properties of real nacre and artificial biomimetic composites to validate our models.Finally,the optimum design strategies can be obtained for nacre-like composites.Our research methodically proposes an optimization method for achieving load-bearing bio-inspired materials with excellent properties and creates a set of optimal solutions from which designers can select the one that best suits their preferences,allowing the fabricated materials to demonstrate preferred performance.展开更多
Inflatable deployable structures inspired by origami have significant applications in space missions such as solar arrays and antennas.In this paper,a generalized Miura-ori tubular cell(GMTC)is presented as the basic ...Inflatable deployable structures inspired by origami have significant applications in space missions such as solar arrays and antennas.In this paper,a generalized Miura-ori tubular cell(GMTC)is presented as the basic cell to design a family of inflatable origami tubular structures with the targeted configuration.First,the classification of rigid foldable degree-4 vertices is studied thoroughly.Since the proposed GMTC is comprised of forming units(FU)and linking units(LU),types of FUs and LUs are investigated based on the classification of degree-4 vertices,respectively.The rigid foldability of the GMTC is presented by studying the kinematics of the FUs and LUs.Volume of the GMTC is analyzed to investigate multistable configurations of the basic cell.The variations in volume of the GMTC offer great potential for developing the inflatable tubular structure.Design method and parametric optimization of the tubular structure with targeted configuration are proposed.The feasibility of the approach is validated by the approximation of four different cases,namely parabolic,semicircular,trapezoidal,and straight-arc hybrid tubular structures.展开更多
The Reliability-Based Design Optimization(RBDO)of complex engineering structures considering uncertainties has problems of being high-dimensional,highly nonlinear,and timeconsuming,which requires a significant amount ...The Reliability-Based Design Optimization(RBDO)of complex engineering structures considering uncertainties has problems of being high-dimensional,highly nonlinear,and timeconsuming,which requires a significant amount of sampling simulation computation.In this paper,a basis-adaptive Polynomial Chaos(PC)-Kriging surrogate model is proposed,in order to relieve the computational burden and enhance the predictive accuracy of a metamodel.The active learning basis-adaptive PC-Kriging model is combined with a quantile-based RBDO framework.Finally,five engineering cases have been implemented,including a benchmark RBDO problem,three high-dimensional explicit problems,and a high-dimensional implicit problem.Compared with Support Vector Regression(SVR),Kriging,and polynomial chaos expansion models,results show that the proposed basis-adaptive PC-Kriging model is more accurate and efficient for RBDO problems of complex engineering structures.展开更多
The jacket structure and transition piece comprise the supporting structure of a bottom-fixed offshore wind turbine(OWT)connected to the steel tower,which determines the overall structural dynamic performance of the e...The jacket structure and transition piece comprise the supporting structure of a bottom-fixed offshore wind turbine(OWT)connected to the steel tower,which determines the overall structural dynamic performance of the entire OWT.Ideally,optimal performance can be realized by effectively coordinating two components,notwithstanding their separate design processes.In pursuit of this objective,this paper proposes a concurrent design methodology for the jacket structure and transition piece by exploiting topology optimization(TO).The TO for a three-legged jacket foundation is formulated by minimizing static compliance.In contrast to conventional TO,two separated volume fractions are imposed upon the structural design domain of the jacket structure and transition piece to ensure continuity.A 5 MW(megawatt)OWT supported by a four-legged or three-legged jacket substructure is under investigation.The external loads are derived from various design load cases that are acquired using the commercial software platform DNV Bladed(Det Norske Veritas).Through a comparative analysis of the fundamental frequency and maximum nodal deformation,it was found that the optimized solution demonstrates a reduced weight and superior stiffness.The findings demonstrate the present concurrent design approach using TO can yield significant benefits by reducing the overall design cycle and enhancing the feasibility of the final design.展开更多
This paper presents a deep learning-based topology optimization method for the joint design of material layout and fiber orientation in continuous fiber-reinforced composite structure(CFRCS).The proposed method mainly...This paper presents a deep learning-based topology optimization method for the joint design of material layout and fiber orientation in continuous fiber-reinforced composite structure(CFRCS).The proposed method mainly includes three steps:(1)a ResUNet-involved generative and adversarial network(ResUNet-GAN)is developed to establish the end-to-end mapping from structural design parameters to fiber-reinforced composite optimized structure,and a fiber orientation chromatogram is presented to represent continuous fiber angles;(2)to avoid the local optimum problem,the independent continuous mapping method(ICM method)considering the improved principal stress orientation interpolated continuous fiber angle optimization(PSO-CFAO)strategy is utilized to construct CFRCS topology optimization dataset;(3)the well-trained ResUNet-GAN is deployed to design the optimal structural material distribution together with the corresponding continuous fiber orientations.Numerical simulations for benchmark structure verify that the proposed method greatly improves the design efficiency of CFRCS along with high design accuracy.Furthermore,the CFRCS topology configuration designed by ResUNet-GAN is fabricated by additive manufacturing.Compression experiments of the specimens show that both the stiffness structure and peak load of the CFRCS topology configuration designed by the proposed method have significantly enhanced.The proposed deep learning-based topology optimization method will provide great flexibility in CFRCS for engineering applications.展开更多
Green finance,as an important policy to promote high-quality economic development,has become a focus of attention in the academic and policy circles for its promotion of industrial structure optimization.Based on the ...Green finance,as an important policy to promote high-quality economic development,has become a focus of attention in the academic and policy circles for its promotion of industrial structure optimization.Based on the data of six provinces in Central China from 2010 to 2023,this paper constructs a comprehensive index of green finance development by using entropy value method and empirically analyses the impact of green finance on industrial structure optimization.The results show that the level of green finance development has a significant contribution to the optimization of the industrial structure in the central region.Accordingly,this study provides suggestions for deepening green finance reform and accelerating industrial transformation and upgrading.展开更多
Under the background of this era,green finance and the upgrading and optimization of industrial structure have become a hot research topic.The article focuses on Jiangsu Province,carefully explores the impact of green...Under the background of this era,green finance and the upgrading and optimization of industrial structure have become a hot research topic.The article focuses on Jiangsu Province,carefully explores the impact of green financial development on the upgrading and optimization of industrial structure and the real effect,collates and summarizes the theories of green finance and industrial structure at home and abroad,and carefully analyzes the development of green finance in Jiangsu Province,such as the gradual expansion of green credit scale,the characteristics of industrial structure,the change of the proportion of three industries,the development situation of emerging industries and so on.By means of econometrics,an empirical model covering Green Financial Development Indicators and industrial structure optimization indicators is established to do multiple linear regression analysis and stability test.The empirical results show that the development of green finance in Jiangsu plays an obvious positive role in the optimization and upgrading of industrial structure.Green finance is environmental protection,new energy and other green industries are given important financial support,which drives their scale expansion and technological innovation,and makes the industrial structure develop towards a higher level and a more reasonable direction.From this point of view,corresponding proposals are put forward to improve the policy incentive system,add green financial products,and strengthen the construction of green financial market.The purpose is to give better play to the advantages of green finance,accelerate the optimization and upgrading of industrial structure in Jiangsu,and provide theoretical basis and practical guidance for achieving green economic transformation and sustainable development.展开更多
With the increasing complexity of the current electromagnetic environment,excessive microwave radi-ation not only does harm to human health but also forms various electromagnetic interference to so-phisticated electro...With the increasing complexity of the current electromagnetic environment,excessive microwave radi-ation not only does harm to human health but also forms various electromagnetic interference to so-phisticated electronic instruments.Therefore,the design and preparation of electromagnetic absorbing composites represent an efficient approach to mitigate the current hazards of electromagnetic radiation.However,traditional electromagnetic absorbers are difficult to satisfy the demands of actual utilization in the face of new challenges,and emerging absorbents have garnered increasing attention due to their structure and performance-based advantages.In this review,several emerging composites of Mxene-based,biochar-based,chiral,and heat-resisting are discussed in detail,including their synthetic strategy,structural superiority and regulation method,and final optimization of electromagnetic absorption ca-pacity.These insights provide a comprehensive reference for the future development of new-generation electromagnetic-wave absorption composites.Moreover,the potential development directions of these emerging absorbers have been proposed as well.展开更多
Finding an optimal isolator arrangement for asymmetric structures using traditional conceptual design methods that can significantly minimize torsional response while ensuring efficient horizontal seismic isolation is...Finding an optimal isolator arrangement for asymmetric structures using traditional conceptual design methods that can significantly minimize torsional response while ensuring efficient horizontal seismic isolation is cumbersome and inefficient.Thus,this work develops a multi-objective optimization method to enhance the torsional resistance of asymmetric base-isolated structures.The primary objective is to simultaneously minimize the interstory rotation of the superstructure,the rotation of the isolation layer,and the interstory displacement of the superstructure without exceeding the isolator displacement limits.A fast non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm(NSGA-Ⅱ)is employed to satisfy this optimization objective.Subsequently,the isolator arrangement,encompassing both positions and categories,is optimized according to this multi-objective optimization method.Additionally,an optimization design platform is developed to streamline the design operation.This platform integrates the input of optimization parameters,the output of optimization results,the finite element analysis,and the multi-objective optimization method proposed herein.Finally,the application of this multi-objective optimization method and its associated platform are demonstrated on two asymmetric base-isolated structures of varying heights and plan configurations.The results indicate that the optimal isolator arrangement derived from the optimization method can further improve the control over the lateral and torsional responses of asymmetric base-isolated structures compared to conventional conceptual design methods.Notably,the interstory rotation of the optimal base-isolated structure is significantly reduced,constituting only approximately 33.7%of that observed in the original base-isolated structure.The proposed platform facilitates the automatic generation of the optimal design scheme for the isolators of asymmetric base-isolated structures,offering valuable insights and guidance for the burgeoning field of intelligent civil engineering design.展开更多
Materials mechanics and structural dynamics provide theoretical support for the structural optimization of amusement facilities.The design code system guides the design process,covering aspects such as strength and fa...Materials mechanics and structural dynamics provide theoretical support for the structural optimization of amusement facilities.The design code system guides the design process,covering aspects such as strength and fatigue life.This paper introduces optimization methods like standardized module interfaces and variable density methods,as well as topics related to finite element simulation,reliability enhancement,innovative practices,and their significance.展开更多
Blades are important parts of rotating machinery such as marine gas turbines and wind turbines,which are exposed to harsh environments during mechanical operations,including centrifugal loads,aerodynamic forces,or hig...Blades are important parts of rotating machinery such as marine gas turbines and wind turbines,which are exposed to harsh environments during mechanical operations,including centrifugal loads,aerodynamic forces,or high temperatures.These demanding working conditions considerably influence the dynamic performance of blades.Therefore,because of the challenges posed by blades in complex working environments,in-depth research and optimization are necessary to ensure that blades can operate safely and efficiently,thus guaranteeing the reliability and performance of mechanical systems.Focusing on the vibration analysis of blades in rotating machinery,this paper conducts a comprehensive literature review on the research advancements in vibration modeling and structural optimization of blades under complex operational conditions.First,the paper outlines the development of several modeling theories for rotating blades,including one-dimensional beam theory,two-dimensional plate-shell theory,and three-dimensional solid theory.Second,the research progress in the vibrational analysis of blades under aerodynamic loads,thermal environments,and crack factors is separately discussed.Finally,the developments in rotating blade structural optimization are presented from material optimization and shape optimization perspectives.The methodology and theory of analyzing and optimizing blade vibration characteristics under multifactorial operating conditions are comprehensively outlined,aiming to assist future researchers in proposing more effective and practical approaches for the vibration analysis and optimization of blades.展开更多
Double-shaft-driven needle punching machine is a specialized equipment designed for processing C/C crucible preforms.Its main needle punching module is operated by two sets of reciprocating crank-slider mechanisms.The...Double-shaft-driven needle punching machine is a specialized equipment designed for processing C/C crucible preforms.Its main needle punching module is operated by two sets of reciprocating crank-slider mechanisms.The intense vibration during needle punching not only generates huge noise,but also substantially reduces the quality of the preform.It is imperative to perform a dynamic analysis and optimization of the entire needle punching machine.In this paper,the three-dimensional(3D)model of the entire double-shaft-driven needle punching machine for C/C crucible preforms is established.Based on the modal analysis theory,the modal characteristics of the needle punching machine under various operating conditions are analyzed and its natural frequencies and vibration modes are determined.The harmonic response analysis is then employed to obtain the amplitude of the needle plate at different frequencies,and the structural weak points of the needle punching machine are identified and improved.The feasibility of the optimized scheme is subsequently reevaluated and verified.The results indicate that the first six natural frequencies of the machine increase,and the maximum amplitude of the needle plate decreases by 70.3%.The enhanced dynamic characteristics of the machine significantly improve its performance,enabling more efficient needle punching of C/C crucible preforms.展开更多
In the new phase of sustainable development,agriculture is seeking sustainable management of the water-land-energy-economy-environment-food nexus.At present,there are few studies on optimizing crop planting structure ...In the new phase of sustainable development,agriculture is seeking sustainable management of the water-land-energy-economy-environment-food nexus.At present,there are few studies on optimizing crop planting structure and analyzing its spatial layout with consideration of natural and socio-economic factors.Herein,we proposed a framework for addressing this issue.In this framework,the NSGA-II algorithm was used to construct the multi-objective optimization model of crop planting structures with consideration of water and energy consumption,greenhouse gas(GHG)emissions,economic benefits,as well as food,land,and water security constraints,while the model for planting spatial layout optimization was established with consideration of crop suitability using the MaxEnt model and the improved Hungarian algorithm.This framework was further applied in the Black Soil Region of Northeast China(BSRNC)for analyzing optimized crop planting structures and spatial layouts of three main crops(rice,maize,and soybean)under various scenarios.This study showed that the sown area of rice in the BSRNC decreased by up to 40.73%and 35.30%in the environmental priority scenario and economic-environmental balance scenario,respectively,whereas that of soybean increased by up to 112.44%and 63.31%,respectively.In the economic priority scenario,the sown area of rice increased by up to 93.98%.Expanding the sown area of soybean was effective in reducing GHG emissions.On the contrary,rice production led to greater environmental costs though it provided higher economic returns.Among the three crops,maize exhibited an advantage in balancing environmental and economic benefits.Hegang-Jixi area in the northeast of the BSRNC was identified as the key area with the most intense crop planting transfer among different scenarios.Overall,this framework provides a new methodology for optimizing crop planting structures and spatial layouts with con-sideration of the nexus of various factors.Moreover,the case study demonstrates the applicability and expansion potential of the framework in the fields of sustainable agricultural development and food security assurance.展开更多
This paper aims to propose a topology optimization method on generating porous structures comprising multiple materials.The mathematical optimization formulation is established under the constraints of individual volu...This paper aims to propose a topology optimization method on generating porous structures comprising multiple materials.The mathematical optimization formulation is established under the constraints of individual volume fraction of constituent phase or total mass,as well as the local volume fraction of all phases.The original optimization problem with numerous constraints is converted into a box-constrained optimization problem by incorporating all constraints to the augmented Lagrangian function,avoiding the parameter dependence in the conventional aggregation process.Furthermore,the local volume percentage can be precisely satisfied.The effects including the globalmass bound,the influence radius and local volume percentage on final designs are exploited through numerical examples.The numerical results also reveal that porous structures keep a balance between the bulk design and periodic design in terms of the resulting compliance.All results,including those for irregular structures andmultiple volume fraction constraints,demonstrate that the proposedmethod can provide an efficient solution for multiple material infill structures.展开更多
Large cavity structures are widely employed in aerospace engineering, such as thin-walled cylinders, blades andwings. Enhancing performance of aerial vehicles while reducing manufacturing costs and fuel consumptionhas...Large cavity structures are widely employed in aerospace engineering, such as thin-walled cylinders, blades andwings. Enhancing performance of aerial vehicles while reducing manufacturing costs and fuel consumptionhas become a focal point for contemporary researchers. Therefore, this paper aims to investigate the topologyoptimization of large cavity structures as a means to enhance their performance, safety, and efficiency. By usingthe variable density method, lightweight design is achieved without compromising structural strength. Theoptimization model considers both concentrated and distributed loads, and utilizes techniques like sensitivityfiltering and projection to obtain a robust optimized configuration. The mechanical properties are checked bycomparing the stress distribution and displacement of the unoptimized and optimized structures under the sameload. The results confirm that the optimized structures exhibit improved mechanical properties, thus offering keyinsights for engineering lightweight, high-strength large cavity structures.展开更多
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(52261032,51861021,51661016)Science and Technology Plan of Gansu Province(21YF5GA074)+2 种基金Public Welfare Project of Zhejiang Natural Science Foundation(LGG22E010008)Wenzhou Basic Public Welfare Scientific Research Project(G2023020)Incubation Program of Excellent Doctoral Dissertation-Lanzhou University of Technology。
文摘The development of high-performance structural and functional materials is vital in many industrial fields.High-and medium-entropy alloys(H/MEAs)with superior comprehensive properties owing to their specific microstructures are promising candidates for structural materials.More importantly,multitudinous efforts have been made to regulate the microstructures and the properties of H/MEAs to further expand their industrial applications.The various heterostructures have enormous potential for the development of H/MEAs with outstanding performance.Herein,multiple heterogeneous structures with single and hierarchical heterogeneities were discussed in detail.Moreover,preparation methods for compositional inhomogeneity,bimodal structures,dualphase structures,lamella/layered structures,harmonic structures(core-shell),multiscale precipitates and heterostructures coupled with specific microstructures in H/MEAs were also systematically reviewed.The deformation mechanisms induced by the different heterostructures were thoroughly discussed to explore the relationship between the heterostructures and the optimized properties of H/MEAs.The contributions of the heterostructures and advanced microstructures to the H/MEAs were comprehensively elucidated to further improve the properties of the alloys.Finally,this review discussed the future challenges of high-performance H/MEAs for industrial applications and provides feasible methods for optimizing heterostructures to enhance the comprehensive properties of H/MEAs.
基金supported by the Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.22277019,82150204,22307031,22377023,22077143,and 82003594)Key Project of Guangdong Natural Science Foundation(No.2016A030311033)+2 种基金Fundamental Research Funds for Hainan University(Nos.KYQD(ZR)-21031,KYQD(ZR)-21108,KYQD(ZR)-23003,and XTCX2022JKA01)Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Construction Foundation(No.2023B1212060022)Science Foundation of Hainan Province(Nos.KJRC2023B10,824YXQN420,and 324MS018)。
文摘Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis(IPF)is a progressive lung disease and its incidence rate is rapidly rising.However,effective therapies for the treatment of IPF are still lacking.Phosphodiesterase 4(PDE4)inhibitors were reported to be potential anti-fibrotic agents.Herein,structure-based hit-to-lead optimization of natural isoaurostatin(8.98μmol/L)resulted in several potent inhibitors of PDE4 with half maximal inhibitory concentration(IC_(50))values ranging from 35 nmol/L to 126 nmol/L.Co-crystal structures revealed that isoaurostatin compounds exhibited different binding patterns from the classic PDE4 inhibitor rolipram and the analogues would favor to be Z configurations other than the corresponding E isomers.Finally,lead 2–9 showed remarkable in vitro/in vivo anti-fibrotic effects indicating its potential as a novel anti-IPF agent.
基金supported by the Key Laboratory of Petroleum and Natural Gas Equipment,Ministry of Education(No.OGE202303-08)Engineering Technology Research Center for Industrial Internet of Things and Intelligent Sensing,Hubei Province(No.KXZ 202203).
文摘The beam pumping unit(BPU)remains the most stable and reliable equipment for crude oil lifting.Despite its simple four-link mechanism,the structural design of the BPU presents a constrained single-objective optimization problem.Currently,a comprehensive framework for the structural design and optimization of compound balanced BPUs is lacking.Therefore,this study proposes a novel structural design scheme for BPUs,aiming to meet the practical needs of designers and operators by sequentially optimizing both the dynamic characteristics and balance properties of the BPUs.A dynamic model of compound balanced BPU was established based on D'Alembert's principle.The constraints for structural dimensions were formulated based on the actual operational requirements and design experience with BPUs.To optimize the structure,three algorithms were employed:the particle swarm optimization(PSO)algorithm,the genetic algorithm(GA),and the gray wolf optimization(GWO)algorithm.Each newly generated individuals are regulated by constraints to ensure the rationality of the outcomes.Furthermore,the integration of three algorithms ensures the increased likelihood of attaining the global optimal solution.The polished rod acceleration of the optimized structure is significantly reduced,and the dynamic characteristics of the up and down strokes are essentially symmetrical.Additionally,these three algorithms are also applied to the balance optimization of BPUs based on the measured dynamometer card.The calculation results demonstrate that the GWO-based optimization method exhibits excellent robustness in terms of structural optimization by enhancing the operational smoothness of the BPU,as well as in balance optimization by achieving energy conservation.By applying the optimization scheme proposed in this paper,the CYJW7-3-23HF type of BPU was designed,achieving a maximum polished rod acceleration of±0.675 m/s^(2) when operating at a stroke of 6 min^(−1).When deployed in two wells,the root-mean-square(RMS)torque was minimized,reaching values of 7.539 kN·m and 12.921 kN·m,respectively.The proposed design method not only contributes to the personalized customization but also improves the design efficiency of compound balanced BPUs.
文摘Response analysis of structures involving non-probabilistic uncertain parameters can be closely related to optimization.This paper provides a review on optimization-based methods for uncertainty analysis,with focusing attention on specific properties of adopted numerical optimization approaches.We collect and discuss the methods based on nonlinear programming,semidefinite programming,mixed-integer programming,mathematical programming with complementarity constraints,difference-of-convex programming,optimization methods using surrogate models and machine learning techniques,and metaheuristics.As a closely related topic,we also overview the methods for assessing structural robustness using non-probabilistic uncertainty modeling.We conclude the paper by drawing several remarks through this review.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.12272144).
文摘A data-driven model ofmultiple variable cutting(M-VCUT)level set-based substructure is proposed for the topology optimization of lattice structures.TheM-VCUTlevel setmethod is used to represent substructures,enriching their diversity of configuration while ensuring connectivity.To construct the data-driven model of substructure,a database is prepared by sampling the space of substructures spanned by several substructure prototypes.Then,for each substructure in this database,the stiffness matrix is condensed so that its degrees of freedomare reduced.Thereafter,the data-drivenmodel of substructures is constructed through interpolationwith compactly supported radial basis function(CS-RBF).The inputs of the data-driven model are the design variables of topology optimization,and the outputs are the condensed stiffness matrix and volume of substructures.During the optimization,this data-driven model is used,thus avoiding repeated static condensation that would requiremuch computation time.Several numerical examples are provided to verify the proposed method.
基金Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.52222505,52321002)Shanghai Municipal Natural Science Foundation o China(Grant No.23ZR1415500)。
文摘Biological load-bearing materials,like the nacre in shells,have a unique staggered structure that supports their superior mechanical properties.Engineers have been encouraged to imitate it to create load-bearing bio-inspired materials which have excellent properties not present in conventional composites.To create such materials with desirable mechanical properties,the optimum structural parameters combination must be selected.Moreover,the optimal design of bio-inspired composites needs to take into account the trade-offs between various mechanical properties.In this paper,multi-objective optimization models were developed using structural parameters as design variables and mechanical properties as optimization objectives,including stiffness,strength,toughness,and dynamic damping.Using the NSGA-II optimization algorithm,a set of optimal solutions were solved.Additionally,three different structures in natural nacre were introduced in order to utilize the better structure when design bio-inspired materials.The range of optimal solutions that obtained using results from previous research were examined and explained why this collection of optimal solution ranges is better.Also,optimal solutions were compared with the structural features and mechanical properties of real nacre and artificial biomimetic composites to validate our models.Finally,the optimum design strategies can be obtained for nacre-like composites.Our research methodically proposes an optimization method for achieving load-bearing bio-inspired materials with excellent properties and creates a set of optimal solutions from which designers can select the one that best suits their preferences,allowing the fabricated materials to demonstrate preferred performance.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.52222501,52075016,52192632)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(Grant No.YWF-23-L-904).
文摘Inflatable deployable structures inspired by origami have significant applications in space missions such as solar arrays and antennas.In this paper,a generalized Miura-ori tubular cell(GMTC)is presented as the basic cell to design a family of inflatable origami tubular structures with the targeted configuration.First,the classification of rigid foldable degree-4 vertices is studied thoroughly.Since the proposed GMTC is comprised of forming units(FU)and linking units(LU),types of FUs and LUs are investigated based on the classification of degree-4 vertices,respectively.The rigid foldability of the GMTC is presented by studying the kinematics of the FUs and LUs.Volume of the GMTC is analyzed to investigate multistable configurations of the basic cell.The variations in volume of the GMTC offer great potential for developing the inflatable tubular structure.Design method and parametric optimization of the tubular structure with targeted configuration are proposed.The feasibility of the approach is validated by the approximation of four different cases,namely parabolic,semicircular,trapezoidal,and straight-arc hybrid tubular structures.
基金supported by the National Key R&D Program of China(No.2021YFB1715000)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.52375073)。
文摘The Reliability-Based Design Optimization(RBDO)of complex engineering structures considering uncertainties has problems of being high-dimensional,highly nonlinear,and timeconsuming,which requires a significant amount of sampling simulation computation.In this paper,a basis-adaptive Polynomial Chaos(PC)-Kriging surrogate model is proposed,in order to relieve the computational burden and enhance the predictive accuracy of a metamodel.The active learning basis-adaptive PC-Kriging model is combined with a quantile-based RBDO framework.Finally,five engineering cases have been implemented,including a benchmark RBDO problem,three high-dimensional explicit problems,and a high-dimensional implicit problem.Compared with Support Vector Regression(SVR),Kriging,and polynomial chaos expansion models,results show that the proposed basis-adaptive PC-Kriging model is more accurate and efficient for RBDO problems of complex engineering structures.
基金supports were received from the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2024YFE0208600)New Energy Joint Laboratory of China Southern Power Grid Corporation(GDXNY2024KF03)+2 种基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.U24B2090)National Key R&D Program(No.2022YFB4201300)Science and Technology Project of Huaneng Group(HNKJ24-H78).
文摘The jacket structure and transition piece comprise the supporting structure of a bottom-fixed offshore wind turbine(OWT)connected to the steel tower,which determines the overall structural dynamic performance of the entire OWT.Ideally,optimal performance can be realized by effectively coordinating two components,notwithstanding their separate design processes.In pursuit of this objective,this paper proposes a concurrent design methodology for the jacket structure and transition piece by exploiting topology optimization(TO).The TO for a three-legged jacket foundation is formulated by minimizing static compliance.In contrast to conventional TO,two separated volume fractions are imposed upon the structural design domain of the jacket structure and transition piece to ensure continuity.A 5 MW(megawatt)OWT supported by a four-legged or three-legged jacket substructure is under investigation.The external loads are derived from various design load cases that are acquired using the commercial software platform DNV Bladed(Det Norske Veritas).Through a comparative analysis of the fundamental frequency and maximum nodal deformation,it was found that the optimized solution demonstrates a reduced weight and superior stiffness.The findings demonstrate the present concurrent design approach using TO can yield significant benefits by reducing the overall design cycle and enhancing the feasibility of the final design.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.11872080)Beijing Natural Science Foundation(Grant No.3192005).
文摘This paper presents a deep learning-based topology optimization method for the joint design of material layout and fiber orientation in continuous fiber-reinforced composite structure(CFRCS).The proposed method mainly includes three steps:(1)a ResUNet-involved generative and adversarial network(ResUNet-GAN)is developed to establish the end-to-end mapping from structural design parameters to fiber-reinforced composite optimized structure,and a fiber orientation chromatogram is presented to represent continuous fiber angles;(2)to avoid the local optimum problem,the independent continuous mapping method(ICM method)considering the improved principal stress orientation interpolated continuous fiber angle optimization(PSO-CFAO)strategy is utilized to construct CFRCS topology optimization dataset;(3)the well-trained ResUNet-GAN is deployed to design the optimal structural material distribution together with the corresponding continuous fiber orientations.Numerical simulations for benchmark structure verify that the proposed method greatly improves the design efficiency of CFRCS along with high design accuracy.Furthermore,the CFRCS topology configuration designed by ResUNet-GAN is fabricated by additive manufacturing.Compression experiments of the specimens show that both the stiffness structure and peak load of the CFRCS topology configuration designed by the proposed method have significantly enhanced.The proposed deep learning-based topology optimization method will provide great flexibility in CFRCS for engineering applications.
基金Project of Hunan Federation of Social Sciences,“Research on the Coupling Coordination Relationship between Green Finance and Industrial Structure Optimization in Hunan Province”(Project No.:XSP2023GLC027)。
文摘Green finance,as an important policy to promote high-quality economic development,has become a focus of attention in the academic and policy circles for its promotion of industrial structure optimization.Based on the data of six provinces in Central China from 2010 to 2023,this paper constructs a comprehensive index of green finance development by using entropy value method and empirically analyses the impact of green finance on industrial structure optimization.The results show that the level of green finance development has a significant contribution to the optimization of the industrial structure in the central region.Accordingly,this study provides suggestions for deepening green finance reform and accelerating industrial transformation and upgrading.
基金The Impact of Digital Economy on Green Development Efficiency.2025 Nanjing University of Science and Technology Zijin College Campus Level Scientific Research Project(Project No.:2025ZXSK0401011)。
文摘Under the background of this era,green finance and the upgrading and optimization of industrial structure have become a hot research topic.The article focuses on Jiangsu Province,carefully explores the impact of green financial development on the upgrading and optimization of industrial structure and the real effect,collates and summarizes the theories of green finance and industrial structure at home and abroad,and carefully analyzes the development of green finance in Jiangsu Province,such as the gradual expansion of green credit scale,the characteristics of industrial structure,the change of the proportion of three industries,the development situation of emerging industries and so on.By means of econometrics,an empirical model covering Green Financial Development Indicators and industrial structure optimization indicators is established to do multiple linear regression analysis and stability test.The empirical results show that the development of green finance in Jiangsu plays an obvious positive role in the optimization and upgrading of industrial structure.Green finance is environmental protection,new energy and other green industries are given important financial support,which drives their scale expansion and technological innovation,and makes the industrial structure develop towards a higher level and a more reasonable direction.From this point of view,corresponding proposals are put forward to improve the policy incentive system,add green financial products,and strengthen the construction of green financial market.The purpose is to give better play to the advantages of green finance,accelerate the optimization and upgrading of industrial structure in Jiangsu,and provide theoretical basis and practical guidance for achieving green economic transformation and sustainable development.
基金supported by the Surface Project of Local De-velopment in Science and Technology Guided by Central Govern-ment(No.2021ZYD0041)the National Natural Science Founda-tion of China(Nos.52377026 and 52301192)+3 种基金the Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province(No.ZR2019YQ24)the Taishan Scholars and Young Experts Program of Shandong Province(No.tsqn202103057)the Special Financial of Shandong Province(Struc-tural Design of High-efficiency Electromagnetic Wave-absorbing Composite Materials and Construction of Shandong Provincial Tal-ent Teams)the“Sanqin Scholars”Innovation Teams Project of Shaanxi Province(Clean Energy Materials and High-Performance Devices Innovation Team of Shaanxi Dongling Smelting Co.,Ltd.).
文摘With the increasing complexity of the current electromagnetic environment,excessive microwave radi-ation not only does harm to human health but also forms various electromagnetic interference to so-phisticated electronic instruments.Therefore,the design and preparation of electromagnetic absorbing composites represent an efficient approach to mitigate the current hazards of electromagnetic radiation.However,traditional electromagnetic absorbers are difficult to satisfy the demands of actual utilization in the face of new challenges,and emerging absorbents have garnered increasing attention due to their structure and performance-based advantages.In this review,several emerging composites of Mxene-based,biochar-based,chiral,and heat-resisting are discussed in detail,including their synthetic strategy,structural superiority and regulation method,and final optimization of electromagnetic absorption ca-pacity.These insights provide a comprehensive reference for the future development of new-generation electromagnetic-wave absorption composites.Moreover,the potential development directions of these emerging absorbers have been proposed as well.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant No.52278490。
文摘Finding an optimal isolator arrangement for asymmetric structures using traditional conceptual design methods that can significantly minimize torsional response while ensuring efficient horizontal seismic isolation is cumbersome and inefficient.Thus,this work develops a multi-objective optimization method to enhance the torsional resistance of asymmetric base-isolated structures.The primary objective is to simultaneously minimize the interstory rotation of the superstructure,the rotation of the isolation layer,and the interstory displacement of the superstructure without exceeding the isolator displacement limits.A fast non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm(NSGA-Ⅱ)is employed to satisfy this optimization objective.Subsequently,the isolator arrangement,encompassing both positions and categories,is optimized according to this multi-objective optimization method.Additionally,an optimization design platform is developed to streamline the design operation.This platform integrates the input of optimization parameters,the output of optimization results,the finite element analysis,and the multi-objective optimization method proposed herein.Finally,the application of this multi-objective optimization method and its associated platform are demonstrated on two asymmetric base-isolated structures of varying heights and plan configurations.The results indicate that the optimal isolator arrangement derived from the optimization method can further improve the control over the lateral and torsional responses of asymmetric base-isolated structures compared to conventional conceptual design methods.Notably,the interstory rotation of the optimal base-isolated structure is significantly reduced,constituting only approximately 33.7%of that observed in the original base-isolated structure.The proposed platform facilitates the automatic generation of the optimal design scheme for the isolators of asymmetric base-isolated structures,offering valuable insights and guidance for the burgeoning field of intelligent civil engineering design.
文摘Materials mechanics and structural dynamics provide theoretical support for the structural optimization of amusement facilities.The design code system guides the design process,covering aspects such as strength and fatigue life.This paper introduces optimization methods like standardized module interfaces and variable density methods,as well as topics related to finite element simulation,reliability enhancement,innovative practices,and their significance.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant No.52271309Natural Science Foundation of Heilongjiang Province of China under Grant No.YQ2022E104.
文摘Blades are important parts of rotating machinery such as marine gas turbines and wind turbines,which are exposed to harsh environments during mechanical operations,including centrifugal loads,aerodynamic forces,or high temperatures.These demanding working conditions considerably influence the dynamic performance of blades.Therefore,because of the challenges posed by blades in complex working environments,in-depth research and optimization are necessary to ensure that blades can operate safely and efficiently,thus guaranteeing the reliability and performance of mechanical systems.Focusing on the vibration analysis of blades in rotating machinery,this paper conducts a comprehensive literature review on the research advancements in vibration modeling and structural optimization of blades under complex operational conditions.First,the paper outlines the development of several modeling theories for rotating blades,including one-dimensional beam theory,two-dimensional plate-shell theory,and three-dimensional solid theory.Second,the research progress in the vibrational analysis of blades under aerodynamic loads,thermal environments,and crack factors is separately discussed.Finally,the developments in rotating blade structural optimization are presented from material optimization and shape optimization perspectives.The methodology and theory of analyzing and optimizing blade vibration characteristics under multifactorial operating conditions are comprehensively outlined,aiming to assist future researchers in proposing more effective and practical approaches for the vibration analysis and optimization of blades.
基金Open Project of Shanghai Key Laboratory of Lightweight Composite,China(No.2232021A4-04)。
文摘Double-shaft-driven needle punching machine is a specialized equipment designed for processing C/C crucible preforms.Its main needle punching module is operated by two sets of reciprocating crank-slider mechanisms.The intense vibration during needle punching not only generates huge noise,but also substantially reduces the quality of the preform.It is imperative to perform a dynamic analysis and optimization of the entire needle punching machine.In this paper,the three-dimensional(3D)model of the entire double-shaft-driven needle punching machine for C/C crucible preforms is established.Based on the modal analysis theory,the modal characteristics of the needle punching machine under various operating conditions are analyzed and its natural frequencies and vibration modes are determined.The harmonic response analysis is then employed to obtain the amplitude of the needle plate at different frequencies,and the structural weak points of the needle punching machine are identified and improved.The feasibility of the optimized scheme is subsequently reevaluated and verified.The results indicate that the first six natural frequencies of the machine increase,and the maximum amplitude of the needle plate decreases by 70.3%.The enhanced dynamic characteristics of the machine significantly improve its performance,enabling more efficient needle punching of C/C crucible preforms.
基金funded by the Foundation for Innovative Research Groups of the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.72221002)the Strategic Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(Grant No.XDA28060200)National Natural Science Foundation of Youth Project(Grant No.72303087).
文摘In the new phase of sustainable development,agriculture is seeking sustainable management of the water-land-energy-economy-environment-food nexus.At present,there are few studies on optimizing crop planting structure and analyzing its spatial layout with consideration of natural and socio-economic factors.Herein,we proposed a framework for addressing this issue.In this framework,the NSGA-II algorithm was used to construct the multi-objective optimization model of crop planting structures with consideration of water and energy consumption,greenhouse gas(GHG)emissions,economic benefits,as well as food,land,and water security constraints,while the model for planting spatial layout optimization was established with consideration of crop suitability using the MaxEnt model and the improved Hungarian algorithm.This framework was further applied in the Black Soil Region of Northeast China(BSRNC)for analyzing optimized crop planting structures and spatial layouts of three main crops(rice,maize,and soybean)under various scenarios.This study showed that the sown area of rice in the BSRNC decreased by up to 40.73%and 35.30%in the environmental priority scenario and economic-environmental balance scenario,respectively,whereas that of soybean increased by up to 112.44%and 63.31%,respectively.In the economic priority scenario,the sown area of rice increased by up to 93.98%.Expanding the sown area of soybean was effective in reducing GHG emissions.On the contrary,rice production led to greater environmental costs though it provided higher economic returns.Among the three crops,maize exhibited an advantage in balancing environmental and economic benefits.Hegang-Jixi area in the northeast of the BSRNC was identified as the key area with the most intense crop planting transfer among different scenarios.Overall,this framework provides a new methodology for optimizing crop planting structures and spatial layouts with con-sideration of the nexus of various factors.Moreover,the case study demonstrates the applicability and expansion potential of the framework in the fields of sustainable agricultural development and food security assurance.
基金This study is financially supported by StateKey Laboratory of Alternate Electrical Power System with Renewable Energy Sources(Grant No.LAPS22012).
文摘This paper aims to propose a topology optimization method on generating porous structures comprising multiple materials.The mathematical optimization formulation is established under the constraints of individual volume fraction of constituent phase or total mass,as well as the local volume fraction of all phases.The original optimization problem with numerous constraints is converted into a box-constrained optimization problem by incorporating all constraints to the augmented Lagrangian function,avoiding the parameter dependence in the conventional aggregation process.Furthermore,the local volume percentage can be precisely satisfied.The effects including the globalmass bound,the influence radius and local volume percentage on final designs are exploited through numerical examples.The numerical results also reveal that porous structures keep a balance between the bulk design and periodic design in terms of the resulting compliance.All results,including those for irregular structures andmultiple volume fraction constraints,demonstrate that the proposedmethod can provide an efficient solution for multiple material infill structures.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China and the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province.It was also supported in part by Young Elite Scientists Sponsorship Program by CAST.
文摘Large cavity structures are widely employed in aerospace engineering, such as thin-walled cylinders, blades andwings. Enhancing performance of aerial vehicles while reducing manufacturing costs and fuel consumptionhas become a focal point for contemporary researchers. Therefore, this paper aims to investigate the topologyoptimization of large cavity structures as a means to enhance their performance, safety, and efficiency. By usingthe variable density method, lightweight design is achieved without compromising structural strength. Theoptimization model considers both concentrated and distributed loads, and utilizes techniques like sensitivityfiltering and projection to obtain a robust optimized configuration. The mechanical properties are checked bycomparing the stress distribution and displacement of the unoptimized and optimized structures under the sameload. The results confirm that the optimized structures exhibit improved mechanical properties, thus offering keyinsights for engineering lightweight, high-strength large cavity structures.
