We propose a method for realizing single-shot high-resolved quantitative birefringence microscopy by extending microsphere-assisted microscopy into polarization holographic microscopy.Based on our proposed imaging sys...We propose a method for realizing single-shot high-resolved quantitative birefringence microscopy by extending microsphere-assisted microscopy into polarization holographic microscopy.Based on our proposed imaging system and reconstruction algorithm,we are capable of simultaneously realizing high-resolved polarization holographic imaging and quantitative measurement of 2D birefringence information of dynamic samples.We demonstrated our proposed method by quantitatively imaging a birefringence resolution target,whose resolution(0.71µm)exceeds the resolution limit of a microscope objective with a numerical aperture of 0.25.Experimental results of rotating holographic diffraction grating with 500 lp/mm further demonstrated the feasibility of our method in birefringence imaging of dynamic samples.展开更多
Microsphere and microcylinder-assisted microscopy(MAM)has grown steadily over the last decade and is still an intensively studied optical far-field imaging technique that promises to overcome the fundamental lateral r...Microsphere and microcylinder-assisted microscopy(MAM)has grown steadily over the last decade and is still an intensively studied optical far-field imaging technique that promises to overcome the fundamental lateral resolution limit of microscopy.However,the physical effects leading to resolution enhancement are still frequently debated.In addition,various configurations of MAM operating in transmission mode as well as reflection mode are examined,and the results are sometimes generalized.We present a rigorous simulation model of MAM and introduce a way to quantify the resolution enhancement.The lateral resolution is compared for microscope arrangements in reflection and transmission modes.Furthermore,we discuss different physical effects with respect to their contribution to resolution enhancement.The results indicate that the effects impacting the resolution in MAM strongly depend on the arrangement of the microscope and the measurement object.As a highlight,we outline that evanescent waves in combination with whispering gallery modes also improve the imaging capabilities,enabling super-resolution under certain circumstances.This result is contrary to the conclusions drawn from previous studies,where phase objects have been analyzed,and thus further emphasizes the complexity of the physical mechanisms underlying MAM.展开更多
To improve the lateral resolution in microscopic imaging,microspheres are placed close to the object’s surface in order to support the imaging process by optical near-field information.Although microsphere-assisted m...To improve the lateral resolution in microscopic imaging,microspheres are placed close to the object’s surface in order to support the imaging process by optical near-field information.Although microsphere-assisted measurements are part of various recent studies,no generally accepted explanation for the effect of microspheres exists.Photonic nanojets,enhancement of the numerical aperture,whispering-gallery modes and evanescent waves are usually named reasons in context with microspheres,though none of these effects is proven to be decisive for the resolution enhancement.We present a simulation model of the complete microscopic imaging process of microsphere-enhanced interference microscopy including a rigorous treatment of the light scattering process at the surface of the specimen.The model consideres objective lenses of high numerical aperture providing 3D conical illumination and imaging.The enhanced resolution and magnification by the microsphere is analyzed with respect to the numerical aperture of the objective lenses.Further,we give a criterion for the achievable resolution and demonstrate that a local enhancement of the numerical aperture is the most likely reason for the resolution enhancement.展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.12074225 and 12274268).
文摘We propose a method for realizing single-shot high-resolved quantitative birefringence microscopy by extending microsphere-assisted microscopy into polarization holographic microscopy.Based on our proposed imaging system and reconstruction algorithm,we are capable of simultaneously realizing high-resolved polarization holographic imaging and quantitative measurement of 2D birefringence information of dynamic samples.We demonstrated our proposed method by quantitatively imaging a birefringence resolution target,whose resolution(0.71µm)exceeds the resolution limit of a microscope objective with a numerical aperture of 0.25.Experimental results of rotating holographic diffraction grating with 500 lp/mm further demonstrated the feasibility of our method in birefringence imaging of dynamic samples.
基金supported by the German Research Foundation(DFG)(Grant Nos.LE 992/14-3 and LE 992/15-3).
文摘Microsphere and microcylinder-assisted microscopy(MAM)has grown steadily over the last decade and is still an intensively studied optical far-field imaging technique that promises to overcome the fundamental lateral resolution limit of microscopy.However,the physical effects leading to resolution enhancement are still frequently debated.In addition,various configurations of MAM operating in transmission mode as well as reflection mode are examined,and the results are sometimes generalized.We present a rigorous simulation model of MAM and introduce a way to quantify the resolution enhancement.The lateral resolution is compared for microscope arrangements in reflection and transmission modes.Furthermore,we discuss different physical effects with respect to their contribution to resolution enhancement.The results indicate that the effects impacting the resolution in MAM strongly depend on the arrangement of the microscope and the measurement object.As a highlight,we outline that evanescent waves in combination with whispering gallery modes also improve the imaging capabilities,enabling super-resolution under certain circumstances.This result is contrary to the conclusions drawn from previous studies,where phase objects have been analyzed,and thus further emphasizes the complexity of the physical mechanisms underlying MAM.
基金support of this research work by the DFG(German Research Foundation)[Grant no.LE 992/14-1,LE 992/15-1].
文摘To improve the lateral resolution in microscopic imaging,microspheres are placed close to the object’s surface in order to support the imaging process by optical near-field information.Although microsphere-assisted measurements are part of various recent studies,no generally accepted explanation for the effect of microspheres exists.Photonic nanojets,enhancement of the numerical aperture,whispering-gallery modes and evanescent waves are usually named reasons in context with microspheres,though none of these effects is proven to be decisive for the resolution enhancement.We present a simulation model of the complete microscopic imaging process of microsphere-enhanced interference microscopy including a rigorous treatment of the light scattering process at the surface of the specimen.The model consideres objective lenses of high numerical aperture providing 3D conical illumination and imaging.The enhanced resolution and magnification by the microsphere is analyzed with respect to the numerical aperture of the objective lenses.Further,we give a criterion for the achievable resolution and demonstrate that a local enhancement of the numerical aperture is the most likely reason for the resolution enhancement.
