Microservices have become popular in enterprises because of their excellent scalability and timely update capabilities.However,while fine-grained modularity and service-orientation decrease the complexity of system de...Microservices have become popular in enterprises because of their excellent scalability and timely update capabilities.However,while fine-grained modularity and service-orientation decrease the complexity of system development,the complexity of system operation and maintenance has been greatly increased,on the contrary.Multiple types of system failures occur frequently,and it is hard to detect and diagnose failures in time.Furthermore,microservices are updated frequently.Existing anomaly detection models depend on offline training and cannot adapt to the frequent updates of microservices.This paper proposes an anomaly detection approach for microservice systems with multi-source data streams.This approach realizes online model construction and online anomaly detection,and is capable of self-updating and self-adapting.Experimental results show that this approach can correctly identify 78.85%of faults of different types.展开更多
In order to solve the problems of high coupling and poor scalability of the traditional monomer early warning release system architecture,multi-level deployment in a complex network environment will lead to high inves...In order to solve the problems of high coupling and poor scalability of the traditional monomer early warning release system architecture,multi-level deployment in a complex network environment will lead to high investment in software and hardware and cannot achieve intensive multi-level deployment.This paper realizes the goal of system scalability by introducing micro service architecture and technology stack and realizes the goal of resource intensification by introducing the idea of a data forwarding agent.The designed architecture scheme has been practically applied in the“Jiangxi emergency early warning information release system software platform(phase I)project”(hereinafter referred to as“provincial emergency”),which meets the needs of flexible deployment of multi-level applications across meteorological wide area network(WAN),business private network of other commissions,offices,and bureaus,government extranet,Internet and other complex networks,and fully verifies the scientificity and rationality of the scheme.It has achieved the goal of intensive and scalable construction of provincial emergencies under the complex network environment,greatly improved the early warning capacity and communication capacity of emergencies and comprehensive disasters,provided a reliable guarantee for disaster prevention and reduction,and provided a reference for the construction of current and future early warning release system and capacity improvement project.展开更多
The flexible satellite batch production line is a complex discrete production system with multiple cross-disciplinary fields and mixed serial parallel tasks.As the source of the satellite batch production line process...The flexible satellite batch production line is a complex discrete production system with multiple cross-disciplinary fields and mixed serial parallel tasks.As the source of the satellite batch production line process,the warehousing system has urgent needs such as uncertain production scale and rapid iteration and optimization of business processes.Therefore,the requirements and architecture of complex discrete warehousing systems such as flexible satellite batch production lines are studied.The physical system of intelligent equipment is abstracted as a digital model to form the underlying module,and a digital fusion framework of“business domain+middleware platform+intelligent equipment information model”is constructed.The granularity of microservice splitting is calculated based on the dynamic correlation relationship between user access instances and database table structures.The general warehousing functions of the platform are divided to achieve module customization,addition,and configuration.An open discrete warehousing system based on microservices is designed.Software architecture and design develop complex discrete warehousing systems based on the SpringCloud framework.This architecture achieves the decoupling of business logic and physical hardware,enhances the maintainability and scalability of the system,and greatly improves the system’s adaptability to different complex discrete warehousing business scenarios.展开更多
Microservices have revolutionized traditional software architecture. While monolithic designs continue to be common, particularly in legacy applications, there is a growing trend towards the modularity, independent de...Microservices have revolutionized traditional software architecture. While monolithic designs continue to be common, particularly in legacy applications, there is a growing trend towards the modularity, independent deployability, and flexibility offered by microservices, which is further enhanced by developments in cloud technology. This shift towards microservice architecture meets the modern business need for agility, facilitating rapid adaptability in a competitive landscape. Microservices offer an agile framework and, in many cases, can simplify the development process, though the implementation can vary and sometimes introduce complexities. Unlike monolithic systems, which can be cumbersome to modify, microservices enable quicker adjustments and faster deployment times, essential in today’s dynamic environment. This article delves into the essence of microservices and explores their growing prominence in the software industry.展开更多
In recent years,container-based cloud virtualization solutions have emerged to mitigate the performance gap between non-virtualized and virtualized physical resources.However,there is a noticeable absence of technique...In recent years,container-based cloud virtualization solutions have emerged to mitigate the performance gap between non-virtualized and virtualized physical resources.However,there is a noticeable absence of techniques for predicting microservice performance in current research,which impacts cloud service users’ability to determine when to provision or de-provision microservices.Predicting microservice performance poses challenges due to overheads associated with actions such as variations in processing time caused by resource contention,which potentially leads to user confusion.In this paper,we propose,develop,and validate a probabilistic architecture named Microservice Performance Diagnosis and Prediction(MPDP).MPDP considers various factors such as response time,throughput,CPU usage,and othermetrics to dynamicallymodel interactions betweenmicroservice performance indicators for diagnosis and prediction.Using experimental data fromourmonitoring tool,stakeholders can build various networks for probabilistic analysis ofmicroservice performance diagnosis and prediction and estimate the best microservice resource combination for a given Quality of Service(QoS)level.We generated a dataset of microservices with 2726 records across four benchmarks including CPU,memory,response time,and throughput to demonstrate the efficacy of the proposed MPDP architecture.We validate MPDP and demonstrate its capability to predict microservice performance.We compared various Bayesian networks such as the Noisy-OR Network(NOR),Naive Bayes Network(NBN),and Complex Bayesian Network(CBN),achieving an overall accuracy rate of 89.98%when using CBN.展开更多
In the evolving landscape of software engineering, Microservice Architecture (MSA) has emerged as a transformative approach, facilitating enhanced scalability, agility, and independent service deployment. This systema...In the evolving landscape of software engineering, Microservice Architecture (MSA) has emerged as a transformative approach, facilitating enhanced scalability, agility, and independent service deployment. This systematic literature review (SLR) explores the current state of distributed transaction management within MSA, focusing on the unique challenges, strategies, and technologies utilized in this domain. By synthesizing findings from 16 primary studies selected based on rigorous criteria, the review identifies key trends and best practices for maintaining data consistency and integrity across microservices. This SLR provides a comprehensive understanding of the complexities associated with distributed transactions in MSA, offering actionable insights and potential research directions for software architects, developers, and researchers.展开更多
The research aims to explore the transition from monolithic Digital Experience Platforms (DXPs) to Microservices-based DXPs, addressing scalability challenges. The study systematically decomposes monolithic structures...The research aims to explore the transition from monolithic Digital Experience Platforms (DXPs) to Microservices-based DXPs, addressing scalability challenges. The study systematically decomposes monolithic structures into Microservices, emphasizing business capability and subdomain decomposition. Concrete insights, challenges, and solutions encountered during this transformation process are presented. The research contributes valuable insights into the challenges and benefits of adopting Microservices in DXPs. Results highlight the importance of architectural patterns and strategic scaling dimensions for improved performance and scalability. The case study on Backbase’s Engagement Banking Platform showcases successful implementation, providing flexibility, integration, and efficient development in the evolving DXP landscape.展开更多
Cloud manufacturing has become a reality. It requires sensing and capturing heterogeneous manufacturing resources and extensive data analysis through the industrial internet. However,the cloud computing and serviceori...Cloud manufacturing has become a reality. It requires sensing and capturing heterogeneous manufacturing resources and extensive data analysis through the industrial internet. However,the cloud computing and serviceoriented architecture are slightly inadequate in dynamic manufacturing resource management. This paper integrates the technology of edge computing and microservice and develops an intelligent edge gateway for internet of thing(IoT)-based manufacturing. Distributed manufacturing resources can be accessed through the edge gateway,and cloud-edge collaboration can be realized. The intelligent edge gateway provides a solution for complex resource ubiquitous perception in current manufacturing scenarios. Finally,a prototype system is developed to verify the effectiveness of the intelligent edge gateway.展开更多
Nowadays,the blockchain,Internet of Things,and artificial intelligence technology revolutionize the traditional way of data mining with the enhanced data preprocessing,and analytics approaches,including improved servi...Nowadays,the blockchain,Internet of Things,and artificial intelligence technology revolutionize the traditional way of data mining with the enhanced data preprocessing,and analytics approaches,including improved service platforms.Nevertheless,one of the main challenges is designing a combined approach that provides the analytics functionality for diverse data and sustains IoT applications with robust and modular blockchain-enabled services in a diverse environment.Improved data analytics model not only provides support insights in IoT data but also fosters process productivity.Designing a robust IoT-based secure analytic model is challenging for several purposes,such as data from diverse sources,increasing data size,and monolithic service designing techniques.This article proposed an intelligent blockchain-enabled microservice to support predictive analytics for personalized fitness data in an IoT environment.The designed system support microservice-based analytic functionalities to provide secure and reliable services for IoT.To demonstrate the proposed model effectiveness,we have used the IoT fitness application as a case study.Based on the designed predictive analytic model,a recommendation model is developed to recommend daily and weekly diet and workout plans for improved body fitness.Moreover,the recommendation model objective is to help trainers make future health decisions of trainees in terms of workout and diet plan.Finally,the proposed model is evaluated using Hyperledger Caliper in terms of latency,throughput,and resource utilization with varying peers and orderer nodes.The experimental result shows that the proposed model is applicable for diverse resourceconstrained blockchain-enabled IoT applications and extensible for several IoT scenarios.展开更多
Advancements in cloud computing and virtualization technologies have revolutionized Enterprise Application Development with innovative ways to design and develop complex systems.Microservices Architecture is one of th...Advancements in cloud computing and virtualization technologies have revolutionized Enterprise Application Development with innovative ways to design and develop complex systems.Microservices Architecture is one of the recent techniques in which Enterprise Systems can be developed as fine-grained smaller components and deployed independently.This methodology brings numerous benefits like scalability,resilience,flexibility in development,faster time to market,etc.and the advantages;Microservices bring some challenges too.Multiple microservices need to be invoked one by one as a chain.In most applications,more than one chain of microservices runs in parallel to complete a particular requirement To complete a user’s request.It results in competition for resources and the need for more inter-service communication among the services,which increases the overall latency of the application.A new approach has been proposed in this paper to handle a complex chain of microservices and reduce the latency of user requests.A machine learning technique is followed to predict the weighting time of different types of requests.The communication time among services distributed among different physical machines are estimated based on that and obtained insights are applied to an algorithm to calculate their priorities dynamically and select suitable service instances to minimize the latency based on the shortest queue waiting time.Experiments were done for both interactive as well as non interactive workloads to test the effectiveness of the solution.The approach has been proved to be very effective in reducing latency in the case of long service chains.展开更多
Microservice architecture is an architectural style, which allows structuring software as a suite of fine-grained services, each running in its process and deployed independently. Knowing the strengths and limitations...Microservice architecture is an architectural style, which allows structuring software as a suite of fine-grained services, each running in its process and deployed independently. Knowing the strengths and limitations of this architectural style, the development team is responsible to select the appropriate technologies which guarantee the consistency between the implementation and the design. This study proposes an evaluation framework which consists of a set of evaluation criteria that are architectural patterns recognized by the community and covering all the implementation aspects of software;and an evaluation function which combines these criteria for a given technology to determine its compatibility score with the microservice style, while taking into account the specific requirements of the software under development. Applying this approach to Spring Boot and JAVA EE technologies, we found that Spring Boot scores 96.3% while JAVA EE scores 44.4%. These scores reflect the effort required to conform software with the principles of this development style.展开更多
Purpose The BEPCII(Upgrade project of Beijing Electron Positron Collider)is a high-performance accelerator,composed of a vast array of front-end devices.When the accelerator is operational,high-speed,real-time data co...Purpose The BEPCII(Upgrade project of Beijing Electron Positron Collider)is a high-performance accelerator,composed of a vast array of front-end devices.When the accelerator is operational,high-speed,real-time data communication,and information exchange are necessary among its various subsystems.The network system of BEPCII is a critical infrastructure that ensures the normal operation and data transmission of the accelerator.Switches,as the core devices for constructing the accelerator’s control network and realizing data transmission and communication,play a vital role in the reliability and stability of the accelerator’s functioning.This study aims to design an accelerator network monitoring system based on a microservice architecture to monitor the data information of network devices such as switches.Methods and Results Remote management of switch configurations and monitoring of switch port statuses are implemented via the simple network management protocol.The working status data of the switches obtained are saved to a MySQL database to facilitate statistical queries and data analysis when called upon.Utilizing the Nameko microservice framework,different services such as storage,querying,and analysis are managed and invoked separately to prevent process waiting due to excessive data volumes or too many services being called simultaneously.Additionally,a variety of functional web front-end interfaces has been designed based on the Flask framework to improve human–machine interaction.By testing two switches,the system achieved monitoring of the switches’CPU usage,temperature,port status,and port traffic.Storage and querying of historical data were also enabled through the database,making data analysis more accessible.This study has fulfilled the monitoring and management requirements for the control network’s switch information through testing.The system will subsequently be deployed in the control network system of BEPCII.展开更多
Autonomous vehicles(AVs)have the potential to enhance road safety,reduce fuel consumption,and alleviate traffic congestion.However,the computational demands of processing large volumes of sensory data for tasks like m...Autonomous vehicles(AVs)have the potential to enhance road safety,reduce fuel consumption,and alleviate traffic congestion.However,the computational demands of processing large volumes of sensory data for tasks like motion planning and trajectory forecasting impose critical challenges on limited onboard resources of AVs.Mobile edge computing(MEC)offers a solution by offloading these tasks to edge servers located in proximity of the vehicles.When AVs traverse remote areas lacking terrestrial infrastructures,low Earth orbit(LEO)satellites can fill this gap by providing edge computing services.In this paper,we propose a microservice-based framework for MEC-enabled hybrid satellite-terrestrial networks to support AVs.By decomposing monolithic applications into microservices deployed in containers,we enable scalable and flexible computing services.We address the challenges of microservice migration due to the mobility of AVs and LEO satellites by formulating a long-term optimization problem aimed at minimizing task and migration delays.An online Lyapunov-based algorithm is developed to solve this problem,reducing the decision space by scheduling periodic migrations and decomposing it into mixed-integer linear programming.Numerical results demonstrate that our proposed algorithm can achieve a nearly optimal results while maintaining a low execution time.展开更多
The control system of Hefei Light Source II(HLS-Ⅱ) is a distributed system based on the experimental physics and industrial control system(EPICS). It is necessary to maintain the central configuration files for the e...The control system of Hefei Light Source II(HLS-Ⅱ) is a distributed system based on the experimental physics and industrial control system(EPICS). It is necessary to maintain the central configuration files for the existing archiving system. When the process variables in the control system are added, removed, or updated, the configuration files must be manually modified to maintain consistency with the control system. This paper presents a new method for data archiving, which realizes the automatic configuration of the archiving parameters. The system uses microservice architecture to integrate the EPICS Archiver Appliance and Rec Sync. In this way, the system can collect all the archived meta-configuration from the distributed input/output controllers and enter them into the EPICS Archiver Appliance automatically. Furthermore, we also developed a web-based GUI to provide automatic visualization of real-time and historical data. At present,this system is under commissioning at HLS-Ⅱ. The results indicate that the new archiving system is reliable and convenient to operate. The operation mode without maintenance is valuable for large-scale scientific facilities.展开更多
With the demand of agile development and management,cloud applications today are moving towards a more fine-grained microservice paradigm,where smaller and simpler functioning parts are combined for providing end-to-e...With the demand of agile development and management,cloud applications today are moving towards a more fine-grained microservice paradigm,where smaller and simpler functioning parts are combined for providing end-to-end services.In recent years,we have witnessed many research efforts that strive to optimize the performance of cloud computing system in this new era.This paper provides an overview of existing works on recent system performance optimization techniques and classify them based on their design focuses.We also identify open issues and challenges in this important research direction.展开更多
Leader election algorithms play an important role in orchestrating different processes on distributed systems, including next-generation transportation systems. This leader election phase is usually triggered after th...Leader election algorithms play an important role in orchestrating different processes on distributed systems, including next-generation transportation systems. This leader election phase is usually triggered after the leader has failed and has a high overhead in performance and state recovery. Further, these algorithms are not generally applicable to cloud-based native microservices-based applications where the resources available to the group and resources participating in a group continuously change and the current leader <span style="font-family:Verdana;">may exit the system with prior knowledge of the exit. Our proposed algo</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">rithm, t</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">he dynamic leader selection algorithm, provides several benefits through</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> selection (not, election) of a set of future leaders which are then alerted prior to </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">the failure of the current leadership and handed over the leadership. A </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">specific </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">illustration of this algorithm is provided with reference to a peer-to-peer</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> distribution of autonomous cars in a 5G architecture for transportation networks. The proposed algorithm increases the efficiencies of applications that use the leader election algorithm and finds broad applicability in microservices-based applications.</span>展开更多
广域信息管理SWIM(System Wide Information Management)是下一代空中交通管理系统NGATM中的核心技术之一,国际民航组织定义的SWIM全球互操作架构包括网络连接、SWIM基础设施、信息交换模型、信息交换服务和基于SWIM运行的业务系统等5...广域信息管理SWIM(System Wide Information Management)是下一代空中交通管理系统NGATM中的核心技术之一,国际民航组织定义的SWIM全球互操作架构包括网络连接、SWIM基础设施、信息交换模型、信息交换服务和基于SWIM运行的业务系统等5层结构。微服务是一种“细粒度”的SOA(Service-Oriented Architecture面向服务架构),它提倡将单一应用程序划分成一组小的服务,服务之间相互协调、互相配合,为用户提供最终价值。论文重点讨论微服务在SWIM信息交换服务中的应用。展开更多
The development of space-air-ground integrated networks (SAGIN) requires sophisticated satellite Internet emulation tools that can handle complex, dynamic topologies and offer in-depth analysis. Existing emulation pla...The development of space-air-ground integrated networks (SAGIN) requires sophisticated satellite Internet emulation tools that can handle complex, dynamic topologies and offer in-depth analysis. Existing emulation platforms struggle with challenges like the need for detailed implementation across all network layers, real-time response, and scalability. This paper proposes a digital twin system based on microservices for satellite Internet emulation,namely Plotinus,which aims to solve these problems. Plotinus features a modular design, allowing for easy replacement of the physical layer to emulate different aerial vehicles and analyze channel interference. It also enables replacing of path computation methods to simplify testing and deploying algorithms. In particular, Plotinus allows for real-time emulation with live network traffic,enhancing practical network models. The evaluation result shows Plotinus’s effective emulation of dynamic satellite networks with real-world devices. Its adaptability for various communication models and algorithm testing highlights Plotinus’s role as a vital tool for developing and analyzing SAGIN systems, offering a cross-layer,real-time,and scalable digital twin system.展开更多
Cloud computing has gained significant use over the last decade due to its several benefits,including cost savings associated with setup,deployments,delivery,physical resource sharing across virtual machines,and avail...Cloud computing has gained significant use over the last decade due to its several benefits,including cost savings associated with setup,deployments,delivery,physical resource sharing across virtual machines,and availability of on-demand cloud services.However,in addition to usual threats in almost every computing environment,cloud computing has also introduced a set of new threats as consumers share physical resources due to the physical co-location paradigm.Furthermore,since there are a growing number of attacks directed at cloud environments(including dictionary attacks,replay code attacks,denial of service attacks,rootkit attacks,code injection attacks,etc.),customers require additional assurances before adopting cloud services.Moreover,the continuous integration and continuous deployment of the code fragments have made cloud services more prone to security breaches.In this study,the model based on the root of trust for continuous integration and continuous deployment is proposed,instead of only relying on a single signon authentication method that typically uses only id and password.The underlying study opted hardware security module by utilizing the Trusted Platform Module(TPM),which is commonly available as a cryptoprocessor on the motherboards of the personal computers and data center servers.The preliminary proof of concept demonstrated that the TPM features can be utilized through RESTful services to establish the root of trust for continuous integration and continuous deployment pipeline and can additionally be integrated as a secure microservice feature in the cloud computing environment.展开更多
基金supported by ZTE Industry-University-Institute Cooperation Funds under Grant No.HF-CN-202008200001。
文摘Microservices have become popular in enterprises because of their excellent scalability and timely update capabilities.However,while fine-grained modularity and service-orientation decrease the complexity of system development,the complexity of system operation and maintenance has been greatly increased,on the contrary.Multiple types of system failures occur frequently,and it is hard to detect and diagnose failures in time.Furthermore,microservices are updated frequently.Existing anomaly detection models depend on offline training and cannot adapt to the frequent updates of microservices.This paper proposes an anomaly detection approach for microservice systems with multi-source data streams.This approach realizes online model construction and online anomaly detection,and is capable of self-updating and self-adapting.Experimental results show that this approach can correctly identify 78.85%of faults of different types.
文摘In order to solve the problems of high coupling and poor scalability of the traditional monomer early warning release system architecture,multi-level deployment in a complex network environment will lead to high investment in software and hardware and cannot achieve intensive multi-level deployment.This paper realizes the goal of system scalability by introducing micro service architecture and technology stack and realizes the goal of resource intensification by introducing the idea of a data forwarding agent.The designed architecture scheme has been practically applied in the“Jiangxi emergency early warning information release system software platform(phase I)project”(hereinafter referred to as“provincial emergency”),which meets the needs of flexible deployment of multi-level applications across meteorological wide area network(WAN),business private network of other commissions,offices,and bureaus,government extranet,Internet and other complex networks,and fully verifies the scientificity and rationality of the scheme.It has achieved the goal of intensive and scalable construction of provincial emergencies under the complex network environment,greatly improved the early warning capacity and communication capacity of emergencies and comprehensive disasters,provided a reliable guarantee for disaster prevention and reduction,and provided a reference for the construction of current and future early warning release system and capacity improvement project.
文摘The flexible satellite batch production line is a complex discrete production system with multiple cross-disciplinary fields and mixed serial parallel tasks.As the source of the satellite batch production line process,the warehousing system has urgent needs such as uncertain production scale and rapid iteration and optimization of business processes.Therefore,the requirements and architecture of complex discrete warehousing systems such as flexible satellite batch production lines are studied.The physical system of intelligent equipment is abstracted as a digital model to form the underlying module,and a digital fusion framework of“business domain+middleware platform+intelligent equipment information model”is constructed.The granularity of microservice splitting is calculated based on the dynamic correlation relationship between user access instances and database table structures.The general warehousing functions of the platform are divided to achieve module customization,addition,and configuration.An open discrete warehousing system based on microservices is designed.Software architecture and design develop complex discrete warehousing systems based on the SpringCloud framework.This architecture achieves the decoupling of business logic and physical hardware,enhances the maintainability and scalability of the system,and greatly improves the system’s adaptability to different complex discrete warehousing business scenarios.
文摘Microservices have revolutionized traditional software architecture. While monolithic designs continue to be common, particularly in legacy applications, there is a growing trend towards the modularity, independent deployability, and flexibility offered by microservices, which is further enhanced by developments in cloud technology. This shift towards microservice architecture meets the modern business need for agility, facilitating rapid adaptability in a competitive landscape. Microservices offer an agile framework and, in many cases, can simplify the development process, though the implementation can vary and sometimes introduce complexities. Unlike monolithic systems, which can be cumbersome to modify, microservices enable quicker adjustments and faster deployment times, essential in today’s dynamic environment. This article delves into the essence of microservices and explores their growing prominence in the software industry.
文摘In recent years,container-based cloud virtualization solutions have emerged to mitigate the performance gap between non-virtualized and virtualized physical resources.However,there is a noticeable absence of techniques for predicting microservice performance in current research,which impacts cloud service users’ability to determine when to provision or de-provision microservices.Predicting microservice performance poses challenges due to overheads associated with actions such as variations in processing time caused by resource contention,which potentially leads to user confusion.In this paper,we propose,develop,and validate a probabilistic architecture named Microservice Performance Diagnosis and Prediction(MPDP).MPDP considers various factors such as response time,throughput,CPU usage,and othermetrics to dynamicallymodel interactions betweenmicroservice performance indicators for diagnosis and prediction.Using experimental data fromourmonitoring tool,stakeholders can build various networks for probabilistic analysis ofmicroservice performance diagnosis and prediction and estimate the best microservice resource combination for a given Quality of Service(QoS)level.We generated a dataset of microservices with 2726 records across four benchmarks including CPU,memory,response time,and throughput to demonstrate the efficacy of the proposed MPDP architecture.We validate MPDP and demonstrate its capability to predict microservice performance.We compared various Bayesian networks such as the Noisy-OR Network(NOR),Naive Bayes Network(NBN),and Complex Bayesian Network(CBN),achieving an overall accuracy rate of 89.98%when using CBN.
文摘In the evolving landscape of software engineering, Microservice Architecture (MSA) has emerged as a transformative approach, facilitating enhanced scalability, agility, and independent service deployment. This systematic literature review (SLR) explores the current state of distributed transaction management within MSA, focusing on the unique challenges, strategies, and technologies utilized in this domain. By synthesizing findings from 16 primary studies selected based on rigorous criteria, the review identifies key trends and best practices for maintaining data consistency and integrity across microservices. This SLR provides a comprehensive understanding of the complexities associated with distributed transactions in MSA, offering actionable insights and potential research directions for software architects, developers, and researchers.
文摘The research aims to explore the transition from monolithic Digital Experience Platforms (DXPs) to Microservices-based DXPs, addressing scalability challenges. The study systematically decomposes monolithic structures into Microservices, emphasizing business capability and subdomain decomposition. Concrete insights, challenges, and solutions encountered during this transformation process are presented. The research contributes valuable insights into the challenges and benefits of adopting Microservices in DXPs. Results highlight the importance of architectural patterns and strategic scaling dimensions for improved performance and scalability. The case study on Backbase’s Engagement Banking Platform showcases successful implementation, providing flexibility, integration, and efficient development in the evolving DXP landscape.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China (No.2020YFB1710500)the Primary Research & Development Plan of Jiangsu Province(No.BE2021091)。
文摘Cloud manufacturing has become a reality. It requires sensing and capturing heterogeneous manufacturing resources and extensive data analysis through the industrial internet. However,the cloud computing and serviceoriented architecture are slightly inadequate in dynamic manufacturing resource management. This paper integrates the technology of edge computing and microservice and develops an intelligent edge gateway for internet of thing(IoT)-based manufacturing. Distributed manufacturing resources can be accessed through the edge gateway,and cloud-edge collaboration can be realized. The intelligent edge gateway provides a solution for complex resource ubiquitous perception in current manufacturing scenarios. Finally,a prototype system is developed to verify the effectiveness of the intelligent edge gateway.
基金This paper has been supported by the RUDN University Strategic Academic Leadership Program.
文摘Nowadays,the blockchain,Internet of Things,and artificial intelligence technology revolutionize the traditional way of data mining with the enhanced data preprocessing,and analytics approaches,including improved service platforms.Nevertheless,one of the main challenges is designing a combined approach that provides the analytics functionality for diverse data and sustains IoT applications with robust and modular blockchain-enabled services in a diverse environment.Improved data analytics model not only provides support insights in IoT data but also fosters process productivity.Designing a robust IoT-based secure analytic model is challenging for several purposes,such as data from diverse sources,increasing data size,and monolithic service designing techniques.This article proposed an intelligent blockchain-enabled microservice to support predictive analytics for personalized fitness data in an IoT environment.The designed system support microservice-based analytic functionalities to provide secure and reliable services for IoT.To demonstrate the proposed model effectiveness,we have used the IoT fitness application as a case study.Based on the designed predictive analytic model,a recommendation model is developed to recommend daily and weekly diet and workout plans for improved body fitness.Moreover,the recommendation model objective is to help trainers make future health decisions of trainees in terms of workout and diet plan.Finally,the proposed model is evaluated using Hyperledger Caliper in terms of latency,throughput,and resource utilization with varying peers and orderer nodes.The experimental result shows that the proposed model is applicable for diverse resourceconstrained blockchain-enabled IoT applications and extensible for several IoT scenarios.
文摘Advancements in cloud computing and virtualization technologies have revolutionized Enterprise Application Development with innovative ways to design and develop complex systems.Microservices Architecture is one of the recent techniques in which Enterprise Systems can be developed as fine-grained smaller components and deployed independently.This methodology brings numerous benefits like scalability,resilience,flexibility in development,faster time to market,etc.and the advantages;Microservices bring some challenges too.Multiple microservices need to be invoked one by one as a chain.In most applications,more than one chain of microservices runs in parallel to complete a particular requirement To complete a user’s request.It results in competition for resources and the need for more inter-service communication among the services,which increases the overall latency of the application.A new approach has been proposed in this paper to handle a complex chain of microservices and reduce the latency of user requests.A machine learning technique is followed to predict the weighting time of different types of requests.The communication time among services distributed among different physical machines are estimated based on that and obtained insights are applied to an algorithm to calculate their priorities dynamically and select suitable service instances to minimize the latency based on the shortest queue waiting time.Experiments were done for both interactive as well as non interactive workloads to test the effectiveness of the solution.The approach has been proved to be very effective in reducing latency in the case of long service chains.
文摘Microservice architecture is an architectural style, which allows structuring software as a suite of fine-grained services, each running in its process and deployed independently. Knowing the strengths and limitations of this architectural style, the development team is responsible to select the appropriate technologies which guarantee the consistency between the implementation and the design. This study proposes an evaluation framework which consists of a set of evaluation criteria that are architectural patterns recognized by the community and covering all the implementation aspects of software;and an evaluation function which combines these criteria for a given technology to determine its compatibility score with the microservice style, while taking into account the specific requirements of the software under development. Applying this approach to Spring Boot and JAVA EE technologies, we found that Spring Boot scores 96.3% while JAVA EE scores 44.4%. These scores reflect the effort required to conform software with the principles of this development style.
基金Supported by the Strategic Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences,Grant No.XDB0530000.
文摘Purpose The BEPCII(Upgrade project of Beijing Electron Positron Collider)is a high-performance accelerator,composed of a vast array of front-end devices.When the accelerator is operational,high-speed,real-time data communication,and information exchange are necessary among its various subsystems.The network system of BEPCII is a critical infrastructure that ensures the normal operation and data transmission of the accelerator.Switches,as the core devices for constructing the accelerator’s control network and realizing data transmission and communication,play a vital role in the reliability and stability of the accelerator’s functioning.This study aims to design an accelerator network monitoring system based on a microservice architecture to monitor the data information of network devices such as switches.Methods and Results Remote management of switch configurations and monitoring of switch port statuses are implemented via the simple network management protocol.The working status data of the switches obtained are saved to a MySQL database to facilitate statistical queries and data analysis when called upon.Utilizing the Nameko microservice framework,different services such as storage,querying,and analysis are managed and invoked separately to prevent process waiting due to excessive data volumes or too many services being called simultaneously.Additionally,a variety of functional web front-end interfaces has been designed based on the Flask framework to improve human–machine interaction.By testing two switches,the system achieved monitoring of the switches’CPU usage,temperature,port status,and port traffic.Storage and querying of historical data were also enabled through the database,making data analysis more accessible.This study has fulfilled the monitoring and management requirements for the control network’s switch information through testing.The system will subsequently be deployed in the control network system of BEPCII.
基金supported in part by the National Nature Science Foundation of China under Grant 62271318Shanghai Rising-Star Program under Grant 22QA1406100.
文摘Autonomous vehicles(AVs)have the potential to enhance road safety,reduce fuel consumption,and alleviate traffic congestion.However,the computational demands of processing large volumes of sensory data for tasks like motion planning and trajectory forecasting impose critical challenges on limited onboard resources of AVs.Mobile edge computing(MEC)offers a solution by offloading these tasks to edge servers located in proximity of the vehicles.When AVs traverse remote areas lacking terrestrial infrastructures,low Earth orbit(LEO)satellites can fill this gap by providing edge computing services.In this paper,we propose a microservice-based framework for MEC-enabled hybrid satellite-terrestrial networks to support AVs.By decomposing monolithic applications into microservices deployed in containers,we enable scalable and flexible computing services.We address the challenges of microservice migration due to the mobility of AVs and LEO satellites by formulating a long-term optimization problem aimed at minimizing task and migration delays.An online Lyapunov-based algorithm is developed to solve this problem,reducing the decision space by scheduling periodic migrations and decomposing it into mixed-integer linear programming.Numerical results demonstrate that our proposed algorithm can achieve a nearly optimal results while maintaining a low execution time.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.11375186)
文摘The control system of Hefei Light Source II(HLS-Ⅱ) is a distributed system based on the experimental physics and industrial control system(EPICS). It is necessary to maintain the central configuration files for the existing archiving system. When the process variables in the control system are added, removed, or updated, the configuration files must be manually modified to maintain consistency with the control system. This paper presents a new method for data archiving, which realizes the automatic configuration of the archiving parameters. The system uses microservice architecture to integrate the EPICS Archiver Appliance and Rec Sync. In this way, the system can collect all the archived meta-configuration from the distributed input/output controllers and enter them into the EPICS Archiver Appliance automatically. Furthermore, we also developed a web-based GUI to provide automatic visualization of real-time and historical data. At present,this system is under commissioning at HLS-Ⅱ. The results indicate that the new archiving system is reliable and convenient to operate. The operation mode without maintenance is valuable for large-scale scientific facilities.
基金sponsored by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No.61972247).
文摘With the demand of agile development and management,cloud applications today are moving towards a more fine-grained microservice paradigm,where smaller and simpler functioning parts are combined for providing end-to-end services.In recent years,we have witnessed many research efforts that strive to optimize the performance of cloud computing system in this new era.This paper provides an overview of existing works on recent system performance optimization techniques and classify them based on their design focuses.We also identify open issues and challenges in this important research direction.
文摘Leader election algorithms play an important role in orchestrating different processes on distributed systems, including next-generation transportation systems. This leader election phase is usually triggered after the leader has failed and has a high overhead in performance and state recovery. Further, these algorithms are not generally applicable to cloud-based native microservices-based applications where the resources available to the group and resources participating in a group continuously change and the current leader <span style="font-family:Verdana;">may exit the system with prior knowledge of the exit. Our proposed algo</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">rithm, t</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">he dynamic leader selection algorithm, provides several benefits through</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> selection (not, election) of a set of future leaders which are then alerted prior to </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">the failure of the current leadership and handed over the leadership. A </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">specific </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">illustration of this algorithm is provided with reference to a peer-to-peer</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> distribution of autonomous cars in a 5G architecture for transportation networks. The proposed algorithm increases the efficiencies of applications that use the leader election algorithm and finds broad applicability in microservices-based applications.</span>
文摘广域信息管理SWIM(System Wide Information Management)是下一代空中交通管理系统NGATM中的核心技术之一,国际民航组织定义的SWIM全球互操作架构包括网络连接、SWIM基础设施、信息交换模型、信息交换服务和基于SWIM运行的业务系统等5层结构。微服务是一种“细粒度”的SOA(Service-Oriented Architecture面向服务架构),它提倡将单一应用程序划分成一组小的服务,服务之间相互协调、互相配合,为用户提供最终价值。论文重点讨论微服务在SWIM信息交换服务中的应用。
基金supported in part by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant 62341105.
文摘The development of space-air-ground integrated networks (SAGIN) requires sophisticated satellite Internet emulation tools that can handle complex, dynamic topologies and offer in-depth analysis. Existing emulation platforms struggle with challenges like the need for detailed implementation across all network layers, real-time response, and scalability. This paper proposes a digital twin system based on microservices for satellite Internet emulation,namely Plotinus,which aims to solve these problems. Plotinus features a modular design, allowing for easy replacement of the physical layer to emulate different aerial vehicles and analyze channel interference. It also enables replacing of path computation methods to simplify testing and deploying algorithms. In particular, Plotinus allows for real-time emulation with live network traffic,enhancing practical network models. The evaluation result shows Plotinus’s effective emulation of dynamic satellite networks with real-world devices. Its adaptability for various communication models and algorithm testing highlights Plotinus’s role as a vital tool for developing and analyzing SAGIN systems, offering a cross-layer,real-time,and scalable digital twin system.
基金The research work was supported by UTP-Universitas Telkom,Indonesia International Collaborative Research Funding(ICRF)015ME0-153 and Center for Graduate Studies(CGS),Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS(UTP),Perak,Malaysia.
文摘Cloud computing has gained significant use over the last decade due to its several benefits,including cost savings associated with setup,deployments,delivery,physical resource sharing across virtual machines,and availability of on-demand cloud services.However,in addition to usual threats in almost every computing environment,cloud computing has also introduced a set of new threats as consumers share physical resources due to the physical co-location paradigm.Furthermore,since there are a growing number of attacks directed at cloud environments(including dictionary attacks,replay code attacks,denial of service attacks,rootkit attacks,code injection attacks,etc.),customers require additional assurances before adopting cloud services.Moreover,the continuous integration and continuous deployment of the code fragments have made cloud services more prone to security breaches.In this study,the model based on the root of trust for continuous integration and continuous deployment is proposed,instead of only relying on a single signon authentication method that typically uses only id and password.The underlying study opted hardware security module by utilizing the Trusted Platform Module(TPM),which is commonly available as a cryptoprocessor on the motherboards of the personal computers and data center servers.The preliminary proof of concept demonstrated that the TPM features can be utilized through RESTful services to establish the root of trust for continuous integration and continuous deployment pipeline and can additionally be integrated as a secure microservice feature in the cloud computing environment.
