Molecularly imprinted polymers are generated by curing a cross-linked polymer in the presence of a template. During the curing process, noncovalent bonds form between the polymer and the template. The interaction site...Molecularly imprinted polymers are generated by curing a cross-linked polymer in the presence of a template. During the curing process, noncovalent bonds form between the polymer and the template. The interaction sites for the noncovalent bonds become "frozen" in the cross-linking polymer and maintain their shape even after the template is removed. The resulting cavities reproduce the size and shape of the template and can selectively reincorporate the template when a mixture containing it flows over the imprinted surface. In the last few decades the field of molecular imprinting has evolved from being able to selectively capture only small molecules to dealing with all kinds of samples. Molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs) have been generated for analytes as diverse as metal ions, drug molecules, environmental pollutants, proteins and viruses to entire cells. We review here the relatively new field of surface imprinting, which creates imprints of large, biologically relevant templates. The traditional bulk imprinting, where a template is simply added to a prepolymer before curing, cannot be applied if the analyte is too large to diffuse from the cured polymer. Special methods must be used to generate binding sites only on a surface. Those techniques have solved crucial problems in separation science as well as chemical and biochemical sensing. The implementation of imprinted polymers into microfluidic chips has greatly improved the applicability of microfluidics. We present the latest advances and different approaches of surface imprinting and their applications for microfluidic devices.展开更多
As one of the major causes of antimicrobial resistance,β‐lactamase develops rapidly among bacteria.Detection of β‐lactamase in an efficient and low‐cost point‐of‐care testing(POCT)way is urgently needed.However...As one of the major causes of antimicrobial resistance,β‐lactamase develops rapidly among bacteria.Detection of β‐lactamase in an efficient and low‐cost point‐of‐care testing(POCT)way is urgently needed.However,due to the volatile environmental factors,the quantitative measurement of current POCT is often inaccurate.Herein,we demonstrate an artificial intelligence(AI)‐assisted mobile health system that consists of a paper‐basedβ‐lactamase fluorogenic probe analytical device and a smartphone‐based AI cloud.An ultrafast broad‐spectrum fluorogenic probe(B1)that could respond toβ‐lactamase within 20 s was first synthesized,and the detection limit was determined to be 0.13 nmol/L.Meanwhile,a three‐dimensional microfluidic paper‐based analytical device was fabricated for integration of B1.Also,a smartphone‐based AI cloud was developed to correct errors automatically and output results intelligently.This smart system could calibrate the temperature and pH in theβ‐lactamase level detection in complex samples and mice infected with various bacteria,which shows the problem‐solving ability in interdisciplinary research,and demonstrates potential clinical benefits.展开更多
文摘Molecularly imprinted polymers are generated by curing a cross-linked polymer in the presence of a template. During the curing process, noncovalent bonds form between the polymer and the template. The interaction sites for the noncovalent bonds become "frozen" in the cross-linking polymer and maintain their shape even after the template is removed. The resulting cavities reproduce the size and shape of the template and can selectively reincorporate the template when a mixture containing it flows over the imprinted surface. In the last few decades the field of molecular imprinting has evolved from being able to selectively capture only small molecules to dealing with all kinds of samples. Molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs) have been generated for analytes as diverse as metal ions, drug molecules, environmental pollutants, proteins and viruses to entire cells. We review here the relatively new field of surface imprinting, which creates imprints of large, biologically relevant templates. The traditional bulk imprinting, where a template is simply added to a prepolymer before curing, cannot be applied if the analyte is too large to diffuse from the cured polymer. Special methods must be used to generate binding sites only on a surface. Those techniques have solved crucial problems in separation science as well as chemical and biochemical sensing. The implementation of imprinted polymers into microfluidic chips has greatly improved the applicability of microfluidics. We present the latest advances and different approaches of surface imprinting and their applications for microfluidic devices.
基金supported by the National Key R&D Program of China(No.2020YFA0709900)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.62288102,22077101,and 52073230)+3 种基金the Joint Research Funds of Department of Science&Technology of Shaanxi Province and Northwestern Polytechnical University(Nos.2020GXLH‐Z‐008 and 2020GXLH‐Z‐013)the Key Research and Development Program of Shaanxi(No.2022ZDLGY13‐04)Shanxi Provincial Science Fund for Distinguished Young Scholars(No.2023‐JC‐JQ‐32)Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities,and the Innovation Foundation for Doctorate Dissertation of Northwestern Polytechnical University(No.CX2021121).
文摘As one of the major causes of antimicrobial resistance,β‐lactamase develops rapidly among bacteria.Detection of β‐lactamase in an efficient and low‐cost point‐of‐care testing(POCT)way is urgently needed.However,due to the volatile environmental factors,the quantitative measurement of current POCT is often inaccurate.Herein,we demonstrate an artificial intelligence(AI)‐assisted mobile health system that consists of a paper‐basedβ‐lactamase fluorogenic probe analytical device and a smartphone‐based AI cloud.An ultrafast broad‐spectrum fluorogenic probe(B1)that could respond toβ‐lactamase within 20 s was first synthesized,and the detection limit was determined to be 0.13 nmol/L.Meanwhile,a three‐dimensional microfluidic paper‐based analytical device was fabricated for integration of B1.Also,a smartphone‐based AI cloud was developed to correct errors automatically and output results intelligently.This smart system could calibrate the temperature and pH in theβ‐lactamase level detection in complex samples and mice infected with various bacteria,which shows the problem‐solving ability in interdisciplinary research,and demonstrates potential clinical benefits.
