By the etching of PVDF (polyvinylidene) foils perpendicularly bombarded to their surfaces in advance with heavy ions at UNILAC (GSI Darmstadt,Germany),PVDF track microfilters are successfully manufactured and mostly e...By the etching of PVDF (polyvinylidene) foils perpendicularly bombarded to their surfaces in advance with heavy ions at UNILAC (GSI Darmstadt,Germany),PVDF track microfilters are successfully manufactured and mostly evaluated by means of an optical microscope.The recipes of the elaboration,the properties as well as etching and technical parameters of the microfilters are summarized.The possible applications are also discussed briefly.展开更多
Greywater, a type of wastewater, may be hazardous to human health and ecosystems. Greywater is a large fraction of wastewater that needs adequate attention for remediation and reuse in the agricultural sector so that ...Greywater, a type of wastewater, may be hazardous to human health and ecosystems. Greywater is a large fraction of wastewater that needs adequate attention for remediation and reuse in the agricultural sector so that a part of the water problem can be sorted out. This study aims to develop a rapid method for greywater treatment and reuse in agriculture. A microfilter consisting of sand, clay, organo-clay, charcoal, and biochar was designed and tested for greywater treatments. Biological Oxygen Demand (BOD), Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD), Total Kjeldahl Nitrogen (TKN), Total Dissolved Salts (TDS), Electric Conductivity (EC), turbidity and pH values were measured before and after using the microfilter. Results showed tremendous removal efficiency of BOD, COD, TKN, by using the developed microfilter. The microfilter was also effective in treating and placing pH, EC and TDS in the acceptable range for suitable agricultural use. Using the treated greywater for irrigation in corn, tomato seedlings showed increased growth compared with the control group (plants irrigated with tap water). This microfilter treatment was economical, safe, easy to handle and easily applicable. These encouraging results suggest the application of this method in many countries for solving the water scarcity problem.展开更多
Pulque is a traditional Mexican beverage produced by the spontaneous fermentation of Agave(maguey)sap(aguamiel).Although of great cultural and economic importance,artisanal pulque production relies on empirical practi...Pulque is a traditional Mexican beverage produced by the spontaneous fermentation of Agave(maguey)sap(aguamiel).Although of great cultural and economic importance,artisanal pulque production relies on empirical practices that lead to variability and limited scalability.In this study,we designed a defined minimal starter culture to achieve controlled fermentation of microfiltered aguamiel,preserving the key characteristics of traditional pulque.Microfiltration provided a sterile substrate,allowing functional assessment of three repre-sentative species from the pulque core microbiota:Saccharomyces cerevisiae,Zymomonas mobilis,and Lacti-plantibacillus plantarum.Laboratory-scale fermentations were conducted to evaluate growth dynamics,sugar consumption,metabolite production,and sensory profiles.Comparing monocultures and co-cultures of these three core microorganisms revealed functional complementarity,resulting in efficient sugar conversion and balanced ethanol and lactic acid production.The resulting beverage maintained the characteristic aroma,acidity,and mouthfeel of artisanal pulque.Sensory evaluation using modified Flash profiling and Generalized Procrustes Analysis confirmed that this formulation converged toward the traditional reference while reducing variability.These findings demonstrate that spontaneous fermentation can be replaced by a reproducible,defined minimal inoculum without compromising the beverage’s authenticity and illustrate how translating microbial ecology into minimal starter consortia can bridge tradition with biotechnology and innovation in food fermentation.展开更多
文摘By the etching of PVDF (polyvinylidene) foils perpendicularly bombarded to their surfaces in advance with heavy ions at UNILAC (GSI Darmstadt,Germany),PVDF track microfilters are successfully manufactured and mostly evaluated by means of an optical microscope.The recipes of the elaboration,the properties as well as etching and technical parameters of the microfilters are summarized.The possible applications are also discussed briefly.
文摘Greywater, a type of wastewater, may be hazardous to human health and ecosystems. Greywater is a large fraction of wastewater that needs adequate attention for remediation and reuse in the agricultural sector so that a part of the water problem can be sorted out. This study aims to develop a rapid method for greywater treatment and reuse in agriculture. A microfilter consisting of sand, clay, organo-clay, charcoal, and biochar was designed and tested for greywater treatments. Biological Oxygen Demand (BOD), Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD), Total Kjeldahl Nitrogen (TKN), Total Dissolved Salts (TDS), Electric Conductivity (EC), turbidity and pH values were measured before and after using the microfilter. Results showed tremendous removal efficiency of BOD, COD, TKN, by using the developed microfilter. The microfilter was also effective in treating and placing pH, EC and TDS in the acceptable range for suitable agricultural use. Using the treated greywater for irrigation in corn, tomato seedlings showed increased growth compared with the control group (plants irrigated with tap water). This microfilter treatment was economical, safe, easy to handle and easily applicable. These encouraging results suggest the application of this method in many countries for solving the water scarcity problem.
基金supported by the PAPIIT project IN227023(DGAPA,UNAM).
文摘Pulque is a traditional Mexican beverage produced by the spontaneous fermentation of Agave(maguey)sap(aguamiel).Although of great cultural and economic importance,artisanal pulque production relies on empirical practices that lead to variability and limited scalability.In this study,we designed a defined minimal starter culture to achieve controlled fermentation of microfiltered aguamiel,preserving the key characteristics of traditional pulque.Microfiltration provided a sterile substrate,allowing functional assessment of three repre-sentative species from the pulque core microbiota:Saccharomyces cerevisiae,Zymomonas mobilis,and Lacti-plantibacillus plantarum.Laboratory-scale fermentations were conducted to evaluate growth dynamics,sugar consumption,metabolite production,and sensory profiles.Comparing monocultures and co-cultures of these three core microorganisms revealed functional complementarity,resulting in efficient sugar conversion and balanced ethanol and lactic acid production.The resulting beverage maintained the characteristic aroma,acidity,and mouthfeel of artisanal pulque.Sensory evaluation using modified Flash profiling and Generalized Procrustes Analysis confirmed that this formulation converged toward the traditional reference while reducing variability.These findings demonstrate that spontaneous fermentation can be replaced by a reproducible,defined minimal inoculum without compromising the beverage’s authenticity and illustrate how translating microbial ecology into minimal starter consortia can bridge tradition with biotechnology and innovation in food fermentation.
