Mantle plumes and surface erosion and sediment deposition affect the modes of continental lithospheric rupturing in extensional tectonic settings,modulating the evolution of rifting margins.However,their relative cont...Mantle plumes and surface erosion and sediment deposition affect the modes of continental lithospheric rupturing in extensional tectonic settings,modulating the evolution of rifting margins.However,their relative contributions to the overall evolution of rifting margins and possible roles in the formation of microcontinent are still elusive.Here,we use coupled geodynamic and surface processes numerical modeling to assess the extent to which surface processes may determine the formation of microcontinent during lithospheric stretching in presence or absence of a mantle plume underneath.Our modeling results indicate that fast extension rates and hillslope(i.e.,diffusion)erosion promote ridge jump events and therefore the formation of microcontinents.On the contrary,efficient fluvial erosion and far-reaching sediment transport(i.e.,stream power erosion)inhibits ridge jump events and the formation of microcontinents.The ridge jump event and overall evolution in our numerical models is consistent with the shift from the Mascarene Ridge to the Carlsberg Ridge that determined the formation of the Seychelles microcontinent.We therefore speculate that hillslope erosion,rather than fluvial erosion,was predominant during the formation of the Seychelles,a possible indication of overall dry local climate conditions.展开更多
Fission track dating was applied to analyze the 20 samples from Nyainrong microcontinent, and we obtained 20 apatite and 15 zircon fission track ages. The results show single population grain ages with a single mean a...Fission track dating was applied to analyze the 20 samples from Nyainrong microcontinent, and we obtained 20 apatite and 15 zircon fission track ages. The results show single population grain ages with a single mean age and associated central ages mainly ranging from 108±7Ma to 35±4Ma.Their mean track lengths are 12.2-13.9 μm with a single peak. Zircon fission track age range from 78±3 Ma to 117±4 Ma. The results represented the two tectonic uplift events in the study area, namely the Cretaceous and Paleogene periods. According to thermal history modeling results, uplifting rates of two tectonic events is 0.31-0.1 mm/a and 0.07-0.04 mm/a respectively. Combined with field condition and study results, it is suggested that the Cretaceous tectonic uplift event was related to the closure ocean basin caused by Qaingtang-Lhasa collision, and the Paleogene tectonic uplift event was related to the south to thrust system caused by Indo-Asian collision.展开更多
The Late Cretaceous Khabr-Marvast tectonized ophiolite is located in the middle part of the Nain-Baft ophiolite belt, at the south-western edge of the central Iranian microcontinent. Although all the volcanic rocks in...The Late Cretaceous Khabr-Marvast tectonized ophiolite is located in the middle part of the Nain-Baft ophiolite belt, at the south-western edge of the central Iranian microcontinent. Although all the volcanic rocks in the study area indicate subduction-related magmatism （e.g. high LILE （large ion lithophile elements） / HFSE （high field strenght elements） ratios and negative anomalies in Nb and Ta）, geological and geochemical data clearly distinguish two distinct groups of volcanic rocks in the tectonized association： （1） group 1 is comprised of hyaloclastic breccias, basaltic pillow lavas, and andesite sheet flows. These rocks represent the Nain-Baft oceanic crust; and （2） group 2 is alkaline lavas from the top section of the ophiolite suite. These lavas show shoshonite affinity, but do not support the propensity of ophiolite.展开更多
To reveal the Jurassic tectonothermal event occurring to the Nyainrong microcontinent which is gripped among the Bangong-Nujiang suture zone,^40Ar/^39Ar dating was carried out on the basement orthogneiss and Jurassic ...To reveal the Jurassic tectonothermal event occurring to the Nyainrong microcontinent which is gripped among the Bangong-Nujiang suture zone,^40Ar/^39Ar dating was carried out on the basement orthogneiss and Jurassic granitc gneiss in the microcontinent. In the heating stage, four sam- pies exhibited a flat plateau age, with the value Tp concentrated in the range of 166-176 Ma; isochron age Ti was concentrated in the range of 165-175 Ma, and their corresponding ages were the consistent within allowable range. The ages should be representative of the era of the final deformation of the Amdo gneiss and cooling emplacement of the magmatic rock in the Jurassic. The geochronological studies have shown that the final deformation of microcontinent crystalline basement and the cooling of the Mesozoic large-scale tectonothermal events occurred in late Middle Jurassic. In Middle Jurassic, Nyainrong microcontinent experienced strong tectonic movement. Combining with the geochronologi- cal with isotope geochemistry for the microcontinent, the cause of the tectonothermal event should be attributed to the collision between the Nyainrong microcontinent and South Qiangtang Block following the northward subduction of Bangong-Nujiang oceanic crust.展开更多
Seafloor extension and associated rifting in the North Atlantic Area, which started in Early Paleogene (from −62 Ma), resulted in a few micro-continents being isolated and submerged below sea levels. Published isotopi...Seafloor extension and associated rifting in the North Atlantic Area, which started in Early Paleogene (from −62 Ma), resulted in a few micro-continents being isolated and submerged below sea levels. Published isotopic data for sunken offshore continental materials (basement) in the North Atlantic area are quite sparse, but a few do exist for the Rockall Plateau, or more precisely the Rockall Bank. Isotopic data for Early Paleogene basaltic materials, covering basement rocks of the Rockall Plateau, have hitherto only been publicised for the NW margin of the Hatton bank. The Early Paleogene basaltic archipelago of the Faroe Islands, on which some isotopic data do exist, rests on an ancient sunken continental crust of unknown geochemical and isotopic compositions. The objective of this contribution is to assess potential lead isotopic relationships between the Rockall Plateau and the Faroese sub-basaltic basement, based on the sparse available isotopic data existing for the former and using available isotopic data for slightly contaminated Faroese basaltic rocks. The results reached in this contribution point to a likely association between the Faroese sub-basaltic basement and the basement of the Rockall Bank and hence the Rockall Plateau and potentially also between Faroese basaltic rocks and contemporaneous counterparts from the Hatton Bank.展开更多
基金financially supported by the National Science Foundation of China(No.41920104010)the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(No.2024M762767)+3 种基金the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central University,CHD(No.300102264104)by the Postdoctoral Fellowship Program of CPSF(No.GZC20241444)supported by Fondazione Cariplo and Fondazione CDP(No.2022-1546_001)by the Italian Ministry of Education,MUR(Project Dipartimenti di Eccellenza,TECLA,Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences,University of Milano-Bicocca)。
文摘Mantle plumes and surface erosion and sediment deposition affect the modes of continental lithospheric rupturing in extensional tectonic settings,modulating the evolution of rifting margins.However,their relative contributions to the overall evolution of rifting margins and possible roles in the formation of microcontinent are still elusive.Here,we use coupled geodynamic and surface processes numerical modeling to assess the extent to which surface processes may determine the formation of microcontinent during lithospheric stretching in presence or absence of a mantle plume underneath.Our modeling results indicate that fast extension rates and hillslope(i.e.,diffusion)erosion promote ridge jump events and therefore the formation of microcontinents.On the contrary,efficient fluvial erosion and far-reaching sediment transport(i.e.,stream power erosion)inhibits ridge jump events and the formation of microcontinents.The ridge jump event and overall evolution in our numerical models is consistent with the shift from the Mascarene Ridge to the Carlsberg Ridge that determined the formation of the Seychelles microcontinent.We therefore speculate that hillslope erosion,rather than fluvial erosion,was predominant during the formation of the Seychelles,a possible indication of overall dry local climate conditions.
基金financially supported by the geological survey project of China Geological Survey(Grant No:1212011120185 and Grant No:1212011120182)
文摘Fission track dating was applied to analyze the 20 samples from Nyainrong microcontinent, and we obtained 20 apatite and 15 zircon fission track ages. The results show single population grain ages with a single mean age and associated central ages mainly ranging from 108±7Ma to 35±4Ma.Their mean track lengths are 12.2-13.9 μm with a single peak. Zircon fission track age range from 78±3 Ma to 117±4 Ma. The results represented the two tectonic uplift events in the study area, namely the Cretaceous and Paleogene periods. According to thermal history modeling results, uplifting rates of two tectonic events is 0.31-0.1 mm/a and 0.07-0.04 mm/a respectively. Combined with field condition and study results, it is suggested that the Cretaceous tectonic uplift event was related to the closure ocean basin caused by Qaingtang-Lhasa collision, and the Paleogene tectonic uplift event was related to the south to thrust system caused by Indo-Asian collision.
文摘The Late Cretaceous Khabr-Marvast tectonized ophiolite is located in the middle part of the Nain-Baft ophiolite belt, at the south-western edge of the central Iranian microcontinent. Although all the volcanic rocks in the study area indicate subduction-related magmatism （e.g. high LILE （large ion lithophile elements） / HFSE （high field strenght elements） ratios and negative anomalies in Nb and Ta）, geological and geochemical data clearly distinguish two distinct groups of volcanic rocks in the tectonized association： （1） group 1 is comprised of hyaloclastic breccias, basaltic pillow lavas, and andesite sheet flows. These rocks represent the Nain-Baft oceanic crust; and （2） group 2 is alkaline lavas from the top section of the ophiolite suite. These lavas show shoshonite affinity, but do not support the propensity of ophiolite.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.41272240 and 41072166)China Geological Survey(Nos.1212011121248 and 1212011221093)
文摘To reveal the Jurassic tectonothermal event occurring to the Nyainrong microcontinent which is gripped among the Bangong-Nujiang suture zone,^40Ar/^39Ar dating was carried out on the basement orthogneiss and Jurassic granitc gneiss in the microcontinent. In the heating stage, four sam- pies exhibited a flat plateau age, with the value Tp concentrated in the range of 166-176 Ma; isochron age Ti was concentrated in the range of 165-175 Ma, and their corresponding ages were the consistent within allowable range. The ages should be representative of the era of the final deformation of the Amdo gneiss and cooling emplacement of the magmatic rock in the Jurassic. The geochronological studies have shown that the final deformation of microcontinent crystalline basement and the cooling of the Mesozoic large-scale tectonothermal events occurred in late Middle Jurassic. In Middle Jurassic, Nyainrong microcontinent experienced strong tectonic movement. Combining with the geochronologi- cal with isotope geochemistry for the microcontinent, the cause of the tectonothermal event should be attributed to the collision between the Nyainrong microcontinent and South Qiangtang Block following the northward subduction of Bangong-Nujiang oceanic crust.
文摘Seafloor extension and associated rifting in the North Atlantic Area, which started in Early Paleogene (from −62 Ma), resulted in a few micro-continents being isolated and submerged below sea levels. Published isotopic data for sunken offshore continental materials (basement) in the North Atlantic area are quite sparse, but a few do exist for the Rockall Plateau, or more precisely the Rockall Bank. Isotopic data for Early Paleogene basaltic materials, covering basement rocks of the Rockall Plateau, have hitherto only been publicised for the NW margin of the Hatton bank. The Early Paleogene basaltic archipelago of the Faroe Islands, on which some isotopic data do exist, rests on an ancient sunken continental crust of unknown geochemical and isotopic compositions. The objective of this contribution is to assess potential lead isotopic relationships between the Rockall Plateau and the Faroese sub-basaltic basement, based on the sparse available isotopic data existing for the former and using available isotopic data for slightly contaminated Faroese basaltic rocks. The results reached in this contribution point to a likely association between the Faroese sub-basaltic basement and the basement of the Rockall Bank and hence the Rockall Plateau and potentially also between Faroese basaltic rocks and contemporaneous counterparts from the Hatton Bank.
