Recently,hollow carbon nanospheres(HCSs)have garnered significant attention as potential Li metal hosts owing to their unique large voids and ease of fabrication.However,similar to other nanoscale hosts,their practica...Recently,hollow carbon nanospheres(HCSs)have garnered significant attention as potential Li metal hosts owing to their unique large voids and ease of fabrication.However,similar to other nanoscale hosts,their practical performance is limited by inhomogeneous agglomeration,increased binder requirements,and high tortuosity within the electrode.To overcome these problems and high tortuosity within the electrode,this study introduces a pomegranate-like carbon microcluster composed of primary HCSs(P-CMs)as a novel Li metal host.This unique nanostructure can be easily prepared using the spray-drying technique,enabling its mass production.Comprehensive analyses with various tools demonstrate that compared with HCS hosts,the P-CM host requires a smaller amount of binder to fabricate a sufficiently robust and even surface electrode.Furthermore,owing to reduced tortuosity,the well-designed P-CM electrode can provide continuous and shortened pathways for electron/ion transport,accelerating the Li-ion transfer kinetics and prohibiting preferential Li plating at the upper region of the electrode.Due to these characteristics,Li metal can be effectively encapsulated in the large inner voids of the primary HCSs constituting the P-CM,thereby enhancing the electrochemical performance of P-CM hosts in Li metal batteries.Specifically,the Coulombic efficiency of the P-CM host can be maintained at 97%over 100 cycles,with a high Li deposition areal capacity of 3 mAh·cm^(-2)and long cycle life(1000 h,1 mA·cm^(-2),and 1.0 mAh·cm^(-2)).Furthermore,a full cell incorporating a LiFePO4 cathode exhibits excellent cycle life.展开更多
Structures and properties of both isolated and compacted clusters can be studied by SINS, RBS,NMR and Mossbauer effect, etc. Some important properties of these microclusters, such as magic numbers, isotopic effect, ga...Structures and properties of both isolated and compacted clusters can be studied by SINS, RBS,NMR and Mossbauer effect, etc. Some important properties of these microclusters, such as magic numbers, isotopic effect, gas-like structures are discussed.展开更多
Complex yet lethal wounds with uncontrollable bleeding hinder conventional hemostats from clotting blood at the source or deep sites of injury vasculature,thereby causing massive blood loss and significantly increased...Complex yet lethal wounds with uncontrollable bleeding hinder conventional hemostats from clotting blood at the source or deep sites of injury vasculature,thereby causing massive blood loss and significantly increased mortality.Inspired by the attack action of torpedoes,we synthesized microcluster(MC)colloidosomes equipped with magnetic-mediated navigation and“blast”systems to deliver hemostats into the cavity of vase-type wounds.CaCO_(3)/Fe_(2)O_(3)(CF)microparticles functionalized with Arg-Gly-Asp(RGD)modified polyelectrolyte multilayers were co-assembled with oppositely charged zwitterionic carbon dots(CDs)to form MC colloidosomes,which were loaded with thrombin and protonated tranexamic acid(TXA-NH_(3)^(+)).The composite microparticles moved against blood flow under magnetic mediation and simultaneously disassembled for the burst release of thrombin stimulated by TXA-NH_(3)^(+).The CO_(2) bubbles generated during disassembly produced a“blast”that propelled thrombin into the wound cavity.Severe bleeding in a vase-type hemorrhage model in the rabbit liver was rapidly controlled within~60 s.Furthermore,in vivo subcutaneous muscle and liver implantation models demonstrated excellent biodegradability of MC colloidosomes.This study is the first to propose a novel strategy based on the principle of torpedoes for transporting hemostats into vase-type wounds to achieve rapid hemostasis,creating a new paradigm for combating trauma treatment.展开更多
B lymphocyte cell senses and acquires foreign anti-gens through clonal distributed B cell receptors(BCRs)expressed on the surface of plasma membrane.The presentation formats of antigens are quite diverse.Based on thei...B lymphocyte cell senses and acquires foreign anti-gens through clonal distributed B cell receptors(BCRs)expressed on the surface of plasma membrane.The presentation formats of antigens are quite diverse.Based on their Brownian diffusion mobility,there are three forms:free mobile soluble antigens,lateral mobile membrane bound antigens,and fixed immobile anti-gens.Here,using high resolution high speed live cell imaging approaches,we provide evidence that BCR microclusters are formed on the surface of B cells shortly after B cell’s encountering of antigens with each format of motion features.Through high speed live cell imaging,we determine that these BCR microclusters show dynamic growth feature and by doing so function as the basic platforms for B cells to acquire the anti-gens.We propose that the formation and dynamic growth of BCR microcluster is a universal mechanism for B cell to response to antigens with diverse motion features.展开更多
Ⅰ. INTRODUCTIONSmall atomic dusters ranging from two to a few hundred atoms per cluster, also referred to as microclusters, attract great interest of physists, chemists and material scientists since 1980’s because o...Ⅰ. INTRODUCTIONSmall atomic dusters ranging from two to a few hundred atoms per cluster, also referred to as microclusters, attract great interest of physists, chemists and material scientists since 1980’s because of their peculiar behaviors and potential for industrial applications. The coulombic explosion is known as one of the remarkable properties inherent in microdusters. Experiments have shown that some positively charged dusters（cluster cations）, M<sub>n</sub><sup>m+</sup>展开更多
基金supported by the National Research Foundation of Korea(NRF)grant funded by the Korean government(MSIT)(No.2020R1C1C1003375)。
文摘Recently,hollow carbon nanospheres(HCSs)have garnered significant attention as potential Li metal hosts owing to their unique large voids and ease of fabrication.However,similar to other nanoscale hosts,their practical performance is limited by inhomogeneous agglomeration,increased binder requirements,and high tortuosity within the electrode.To overcome these problems and high tortuosity within the electrode,this study introduces a pomegranate-like carbon microcluster composed of primary HCSs(P-CMs)as a novel Li metal host.This unique nanostructure can be easily prepared using the spray-drying technique,enabling its mass production.Comprehensive analyses with various tools demonstrate that compared with HCS hosts,the P-CM host requires a smaller amount of binder to fabricate a sufficiently robust and even surface electrode.Furthermore,owing to reduced tortuosity,the well-designed P-CM electrode can provide continuous and shortened pathways for electron/ion transport,accelerating the Li-ion transfer kinetics and prohibiting preferential Li plating at the upper region of the electrode.Due to these characteristics,Li metal can be effectively encapsulated in the large inner voids of the primary HCSs constituting the P-CM,thereby enhancing the electrochemical performance of P-CM hosts in Li metal batteries.Specifically,the Coulombic efficiency of the P-CM host can be maintained at 97%over 100 cycles,with a high Li deposition areal capacity of 3 mAh·cm^(-2)and long cycle life(1000 h,1 mA·cm^(-2),and 1.0 mAh·cm^(-2)).Furthermore,a full cell incorporating a LiFePO4 cathode exhibits excellent cycle life.
文摘Structures and properties of both isolated and compacted clusters can be studied by SINS, RBS,NMR and Mossbauer effect, etc. Some important properties of these microclusters, such as magic numbers, isotopic effect, gas-like structures are discussed.
基金supported by the China Agriculture Research System(No.CARS-18-ZJ0102)National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.52103096,51803170,51803171,and 81703424)+1 种基金Natural Science Foundation of Chongqing,China(grant number cstc2020jcyj-msxmX0383)Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(2020CDJQY-A041).
文摘Complex yet lethal wounds with uncontrollable bleeding hinder conventional hemostats from clotting blood at the source or deep sites of injury vasculature,thereby causing massive blood loss and significantly increased mortality.Inspired by the attack action of torpedoes,we synthesized microcluster(MC)colloidosomes equipped with magnetic-mediated navigation and“blast”systems to deliver hemostats into the cavity of vase-type wounds.CaCO_(3)/Fe_(2)O_(3)(CF)microparticles functionalized with Arg-Gly-Asp(RGD)modified polyelectrolyte multilayers were co-assembled with oppositely charged zwitterionic carbon dots(CDs)to form MC colloidosomes,which were loaded with thrombin and protonated tranexamic acid(TXA-NH_(3)^(+)).The composite microparticles moved against blood flow under magnetic mediation and simultaneously disassembled for the burst release of thrombin stimulated by TXA-NH_(3)^(+).The CO_(2) bubbles generated during disassembly produced a“blast”that propelled thrombin into the wound cavity.Severe bleeding in a vase-type hemorrhage model in the rabbit liver was rapidly controlled within~60 s.Furthermore,in vivo subcutaneous muscle and liver implantation models demonstrated excellent biodegradability of MC colloidosomes.This study is the first to propose a novel strategy based on the principle of torpedoes for transporting hemostats into vase-type wounds to achieve rapid hemostasis,creating a new paradigm for combating trauma treatment.
文摘B lymphocyte cell senses and acquires foreign anti-gens through clonal distributed B cell receptors(BCRs)expressed on the surface of plasma membrane.The presentation formats of antigens are quite diverse.Based on their Brownian diffusion mobility,there are three forms:free mobile soluble antigens,lateral mobile membrane bound antigens,and fixed immobile anti-gens.Here,using high resolution high speed live cell imaging approaches,we provide evidence that BCR microclusters are formed on the surface of B cells shortly after B cell’s encountering of antigens with each format of motion features.Through high speed live cell imaging,we determine that these BCR microclusters show dynamic growth feature and by doing so function as the basic platforms for B cells to acquire the anti-gens.We propose that the formation and dynamic growth of BCR microcluster is a universal mechanism for B cell to response to antigens with diverse motion features.
文摘Ⅰ. INTRODUCTIONSmall atomic dusters ranging from two to a few hundred atoms per cluster, also referred to as microclusters, attract great interest of physists, chemists and material scientists since 1980’s because of their peculiar behaviors and potential for industrial applications. The coulombic explosion is known as one of the remarkable properties inherent in microdusters. Experiments have shown that some positively charged dusters（cluster cations）, M<sub>n</sub><sup>m+</sup>
