Investigating ecological interactions within microbial ecosystems is essential for enhancing our comprehension of key ecological issues,such as community stability,keystone species identification,and the manipulation ...Investigating ecological interactions within microbial ecosystems is essential for enhancing our comprehension of key ecological issues,such as community stability,keystone species identification,and the manipulation of community structures.However,exploring these interactions proves challenging within complex natural ecosys-tems.With advances in synthetic biology,the design of synthetic microbial ecosystems has received increasing attention due to their reduced complexity and enhanced controllability.Various ecological relationships,includ-ing commensalism,amensalism,mutualism,competition,and predation have been established within synthetic ecosystems.These relationships are often context-dependent and shaped by physical and chemical environmental factors,as well as by interacting populations and surrounding species.This review consolidates current knowl-edge of synthetic microbial ecosystems and factors influencing their ecological dynamics.A deeper understanding of how these ecosystems function and respond to different variables will advance our understanding of microbial-community interactions.展开更多
The citrate metabolism has been extensively studied in lactic acid bacteria (LAB) for its aroma compound production. Among the 4-carbon (C4) by-products obtained from citrate fermentation, diacetyl is one of the bette...The citrate metabolism has been extensively studied in lactic acid bacteria (LAB) for its aroma compound production. Among the 4-carbon (C4) by-products obtained from citrate fermentation, diacetyl is one of the better known products for its contribution to the buttery aroma of dairy products. A lot of documents deal with ways to improve diacetyl concentration in food matrices. Apart from these organoleptic advantages, in a microbial ecosystem, the citrate metabolism gives selective advantages to citrate positive microorganisms. Citrate metabolism allows the LAB to use another carbon source for their growth, withstand acidic conditions and generate a “proton motive force” (PMF). Moreover, the citrate/glucid co-metabolism leads to the fast release of organic compounds known for having bacteriostatic effects. Under specific conditions, the C4?pathway liberates diacetyl which is bacteriostatic. In this review we first describe the citrate metabolism and the enzymes involved in the two homo- and heterofermentative LABLc diacetylactisandLeuconostocspp. Moreover, the way to shift the metabolic pathway toward the production of aromatic compounds is discussed for both of these fermentative types of bacteria. Finally, the selective advantages of citrate metabolism for LAB in complex microbial ecosystems are delineated.展开更多
Manipulating the gastrointestinal microbial ecosystem to enhance animal performance and reproductive responses has been one of the main goals of animal science researchers and veterinarians.Recent restrictions to the ...Manipulating the gastrointestinal microbial ecosystem to enhance animal performance and reproductive responses has been one of the main goals of animal science researchers and veterinarians.Recent restrictions to the use of antimicrobials as growth promoters led researchers to seek alternative practices that can show promise both from the standpoint of efficacy as well as from the practical and economic aspects.One of the alternatives that surfaced as very promising in the last few decades is the use of direct-fed microbials （DFM） as a means to modulate the effects of the gastrointestinal microbiome on the host immune status, health and productivity.展开更多
This paper aims to review the association between gut microbiota and respiratory system diseases, and explore their potential mechanisms and clinical significance. Gut microbiota, as an important microbial ecosystem i...This paper aims to review the association between gut microbiota and respiratory system diseases, and explore their potential mechanisms and clinical significance. Gut microbiota, as an important microbial ecosystem in the human body, has profound effects on host health. Recent studies have shown that the imbalance of gut microbiota is closely related to the occurrence and development of respiratory system diseases, including asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), and pneumonia. We comprehensively analyzed the current research progress and found that gut microbiota may affect respiratory system diseases through various pathways, including immune regulation, inflammatory responses, and airway mucus secretion. Additionally, environmental factors, lifestyle, and dietary habits are also closely related to gut microbiota and respiratory system health. Understanding the relationship between gut microbiota and respiratory system diseases not only helps to reveal the mechanisms of disease occurrence but also provides a theoretical basis for the development of new treatment strategies. Future research should focus on exploring the types and functions of gut microbiota, conducting clinical trials based on this, investigating the effects of gut microbiota modulation on the treatment and prevention of respiratory system diseases, and providing new directions for personalized medicine.展开更多
Core Microbiome:The Hidden Organ Essential for Human Health The core microbiome,often described as a‘hidden organ’,has captivated researchers as a fundamental key to understanding the intimate relationship between m...Core Microbiome:The Hidden Organ Essential for Human Health The core microbiome,often described as a‘hidden organ’,has captivated researchers as a fundamental key to understanding the intimate relationship between microbial ecosystems and human health(Turnbaugh and Gordon 2009).This specialized subset of microbial entities,ever-present across populations,transcends the variations of genetics,diet,and lifestyle to act as a stabilizing force in the gut.展开更多
基金supported by the Hainan Province Science and Tech-nology Special Fund(ZDYF2024XDNY164)National Natural Science Foundation of China(32470065,31971336)+4 种基金Shandong Provincial Nat-ural Science Foundation(ZR2022QC222)Shandong Province Medical and Health Science and Technology Project(202404070807)Science and Technology Development Program of Jinan Municipal Health Com-mission(2024102001)Youth Science Foundation of Shandong First Medical University(202201-132)Talent Introduction of Jinan Cen-tral Hospital(YJRC2022002).
文摘Investigating ecological interactions within microbial ecosystems is essential for enhancing our comprehension of key ecological issues,such as community stability,keystone species identification,and the manipulation of community structures.However,exploring these interactions proves challenging within complex natural ecosys-tems.With advances in synthetic biology,the design of synthetic microbial ecosystems has received increasing attention due to their reduced complexity and enhanced controllability.Various ecological relationships,includ-ing commensalism,amensalism,mutualism,competition,and predation have been established within synthetic ecosystems.These relationships are often context-dependent and shaped by physical and chemical environmental factors,as well as by interacting populations and surrounding species.This review consolidates current knowl-edge of synthetic microbial ecosystems and factors influencing their ecological dynamics.A deeper understanding of how these ecosystems function and respond to different variables will advance our understanding of microbial-community interactions.
文摘The citrate metabolism has been extensively studied in lactic acid bacteria (LAB) for its aroma compound production. Among the 4-carbon (C4) by-products obtained from citrate fermentation, diacetyl is one of the better known products for its contribution to the buttery aroma of dairy products. A lot of documents deal with ways to improve diacetyl concentration in food matrices. Apart from these organoleptic advantages, in a microbial ecosystem, the citrate metabolism gives selective advantages to citrate positive microorganisms. Citrate metabolism allows the LAB to use another carbon source for their growth, withstand acidic conditions and generate a “proton motive force” (PMF). Moreover, the citrate/glucid co-metabolism leads to the fast release of organic compounds known for having bacteriostatic effects. Under specific conditions, the C4?pathway liberates diacetyl which is bacteriostatic. In this review we first describe the citrate metabolism and the enzymes involved in the two homo- and heterofermentative LABLc diacetylactisandLeuconostocspp. Moreover, the way to shift the metabolic pathway toward the production of aromatic compounds is discussed for both of these fermentative types of bacteria. Finally, the selective advantages of citrate metabolism for LAB in complex microbial ecosystems are delineated.
文摘Manipulating the gastrointestinal microbial ecosystem to enhance animal performance and reproductive responses has been one of the main goals of animal science researchers and veterinarians.Recent restrictions to the use of antimicrobials as growth promoters led researchers to seek alternative practices that can show promise both from the standpoint of efficacy as well as from the practical and economic aspects.One of the alternatives that surfaced as very promising in the last few decades is the use of direct-fed microbials （DFM） as a means to modulate the effects of the gastrointestinal microbiome on the host immune status, health and productivity.
文摘This paper aims to review the association between gut microbiota and respiratory system diseases, and explore their potential mechanisms and clinical significance. Gut microbiota, as an important microbial ecosystem in the human body, has profound effects on host health. Recent studies have shown that the imbalance of gut microbiota is closely related to the occurrence and development of respiratory system diseases, including asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), and pneumonia. We comprehensively analyzed the current research progress and found that gut microbiota may affect respiratory system diseases through various pathways, including immune regulation, inflammatory responses, and airway mucus secretion. Additionally, environmental factors, lifestyle, and dietary habits are also closely related to gut microbiota and respiratory system health. Understanding the relationship between gut microbiota and respiratory system diseases not only helps to reveal the mechanisms of disease occurrence but also provides a theoretical basis for the development of new treatment strategies. Future research should focus on exploring the types and functions of gut microbiota, conducting clinical trials based on this, investigating the effects of gut microbiota modulation on the treatment and prevention of respiratory system diseases, and providing new directions for personalized medicine.
文摘Core Microbiome:The Hidden Organ Essential for Human Health The core microbiome,often described as a‘hidden organ’,has captivated researchers as a fundamental key to understanding the intimate relationship between microbial ecosystems and human health(Turnbaugh and Gordon 2009).This specialized subset of microbial entities,ever-present across populations,transcends the variations of genetics,diet,and lifestyle to act as a stabilizing force in the gut.
