Key methods developed and used in the USSR and in the Russian Federation to determine the impact and friction sensitivity of energetic materials and explosives have been discussed.Experimental methodologies and instru...Key methods developed and used in the USSR and in the Russian Federation to determine the impact and friction sensitivity of energetic materials and explosives have been discussed.Experimental methodologies and instruments that underlie the assessment of their production and handling safety have been described.Studies of a large number of compounds have revealed relationships between their sensitivity parameters and structure of individual compounds and compositions.The range of change of physical and chemical characteristics for the compounds we examined covers the entire region of their existence.Theoretical methodology and equations have been formulated to estimate the impact and friction sensitivity parameters of energetic materials and to evaluate the technological safety in use.The developed methodology is characterized by high-accuracy calculations and prediction of sensitivity parameters.展开更多
AIM: To test the methodical and pre-analytical performance of a new multiplex cancer biomarker panel using magnetic beads. METHODS: The MILLIPLEX? MAP Human Circulating Cancer Biomarker Magnetic Bead Panel 1 comprises...AIM: To test the methodical and pre-analytical performance of a new multiplex cancer biomarker panel using magnetic beads. METHODS: The MILLIPLEX? MAP Human Circulating Cancer Biomarker Magnetic Bead Panel 1 comprises the tumor markers carcinoembryonic antigen, alpha-fetoprotein, total prostate-specific antigen, cancer antigen 15-3, cancer antigen 19-9, cancer antigen 125, cytokeratine 19-fragment, β-human chorionic gonadotropin, human epididymis protein 4, osteopontin, prolactin, the cell death and angiogenesis markers soluble Fas, soluble Fas-ligand, tumor necrosis factor related apoptosisinducing ligand, vascular endothelial growth factor andthe immunological markers interleukin-6(IL-6), IL-8, tumor necrosis factor-α, transforming growth factor α, fibroblast growth factor-2, macrophage migration inhibitory factor, leptin, hepatocyte growth factor, and stem cell factor. We determined intra- and inter-assay imprecision as well as dilution linearity using quality controls and serum pools. Furthermore, the stability of the 24 biomarkers examined in this panel was ascertained by testing the influence of different storage temperatures and time span before centrifugation.RESULTS: For all markers measured in the synthetic internal quality controls, the intra-assay imprecision ranged between 2.26% and 9.41%, while for 20 of 24 measured markers in the physiological serum pools, it ranged between 1.68% and 12.87%. The inter-assay imprecision ranged between 1.48%-17.12% for 23 biomarkers in synthetic, and between 4.59%-23.88% for 18 biomarkers in physiological quality controls. Here, single markers with very low concentration levels had increased imprecision rates. Dilution linearity was acceptable(70%-130% recovery) for 20 biomarkers. Regarding pre-analytical influencing factors, most markers were stable if blood centrifugation was delayed or if serum was stored for up to 24 h at 4 ℃ and 25 ℃ after centrifugation. Comparable results were obtained in serum and plasma for most markers. However, great changes were observed for single markers.CONCLUSION: MILLIPLEX? MAP Human Circulating Cancer Biomarker Magnetic Bead Panel 1 assay is a stable and precise method for detection of most biomarkers included in the kit. However, single markers have to be interpreted with care.展开更多
In this study,a straightforward one-step hydrothermal method was successfully utilized to synthesize the solid solution Na_(0.9)Mg_(0.45)Ti_(3.55)O_(8)-Na_(2)Ni_(2)Ti_(6)O_(16)(NNMTO-x),where x denotes the molar perce...In this study,a straightforward one-step hydrothermal method was successfully utilized to synthesize the solid solution Na_(0.9)Mg_(0.45)Ti_(3.55)O_(8)-Na_(2)Ni_(2)Ti_(6)O_(16)(NNMTO-x),where x denotes the molar percentage of Na_(2)Ni_(2)Ti_(6)O_(16)(NNTO)within Na_(0.9)Mg_(0.45)Ti_(3.55)O_(8)(NMTO),with x values of 10,20,30,40,and 50.Both XPS(X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy)and EDX(Energy Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy)analyses unequivocally validated the formation of the NNMTO-x solid solutions.It was observed that when x is below 40,the NNMTO-x solid solution retains the structural characteristics of the original NMTO.However,beyond this threshold,significant alterations in crystal morphology were noted,accompanied by a noticeable decline in photocatalytic activity.Notably,the absorption edge of NNMTO-x(x<40)exhibited a shift towards the visible-light spectrum,thereby substantially broadening the absorption range.The findings highlight that NNMTO-30 possesses the most pronounced photocatalytic activity for the reduction of CO_(2).Specifically,after a 6 h irradiation period,the production rates of CO and CH_(4)were recorded at 42.38 and 1.47μmol/g,respectively.This investigation provides pivotal insights that are instrumental in the advancement of highly efficient and stable photocatalysts tailored for CO_(2)reduction processes.展开更多
In this paper,we consider the maximal positive definite solution of the nonlinear matrix equation.By using the idea of Algorithm 2.1 in ZHANG(2013),a new inversion-free method with a stepsize parameter is proposed to ...In this paper,we consider the maximal positive definite solution of the nonlinear matrix equation.By using the idea of Algorithm 2.1 in ZHANG(2013),a new inversion-free method with a stepsize parameter is proposed to obtain the maximal positive definite solution of nonlinear matrix equation X+A^(*)X|^(-α)A=Q with the case 0<α≤1.Based on this method,a new iterative algorithm is developed,and its convergence proof is given.Finally,two numerical examples are provided to show the effectiveness of the proposed method.展开更多
We prepared Co_(x)Pt_(100-x)(x=40,45,50,55,60)nanoparticles by the sol-gel method.The phase composition and crystal structure,morphology and microstructure,and magnetic properties of the samples were characterized and...We prepared Co_(x)Pt_(100-x)(x=40,45,50,55,60)nanoparticles by the sol-gel method.The phase composition and crystal structure,morphology and microstructure,and magnetic properties of the samples were characterized and tested using X-ray diffraction(XRD),transmission electron microscopy(TEM),and vibrating sample magnetometer(VSM),respectively.The results demonstrate that the coercivity of CoPt nanoparticles can be effectively controlled by adjusting the atomic ratio of Co and Pt in the samples.Among the compositions studied,the Co_(45)Pt_(55)sample synthesized by the sol-gel method exhibits smaller grain size and a coercivity as high as 6.65×10^(5) A/m is achieved.The morphology and microstructure of the nanoparticles were analyzed by TEM images,indicating that a slight excess of Pt can effectively enhance the coercivity of CoPt nanoparticles.展开更多
Glymphatic flow has been proposed to clear brain waste while we sleep.Cerebrospinal fluid moves from periarterial to perivenous spaces through the parenchyma,with subsequent cerebrospinal fluid drainage to dural lymph...Glymphatic flow has been proposed to clear brain waste while we sleep.Cerebrospinal fluid moves from periarterial to perivenous spaces through the parenchyma,with subsequent cerebrospinal fluid drainage to dural lymphatics.Glymphatic disruption is associated with neurological conditions such as Alzheimer’s disease and traumatic brain injury.Therefore,investigating its structure and function may improve understanding of pathophysiology.The recent controversy on whether glymphatic flow increases or decreases during sleep demonstrates that the glymphatic hypothesis remains contentious.However,discrepancies between different studies could be due to limitations of the specific techniques used and confounding factors.Here,we review the methods used to study glymphatic function and provide a toolkit from which researchers can choose.We conclude that tracer analysis has been useful,ex vivo techniques are unreliable,and in vivo imaging is still limited.Finally,we explore the potential for future methods and highlight the need for in vitro models,such as microfluidic devices,which may address technique limitations and enable progression of the field.展开更多
Vortex-induced vibration(VIV)of an underwater manipulator in pulsating flow presents a notable engineering problem in precise control due to the velocity variation in the flow.This study investigates the VIV response ...Vortex-induced vibration(VIV)of an underwater manipulator in pulsating flow presents a notable engineering problem in precise control due to the velocity variation in the flow.This study investigates the VIV response of an underwater manipulator subjected to pulsating flow,focusing on how different postures affect the behavior of the system.The effects of pulsating parameters and manipulator arrangement on the hydrodynamic coefficient,vibration response,motion trajectory,and vortex shedding behaviors were analyzed.Results indicated that the cross flow vibration displacement in pulsating flow increased by 32.14%compared to uniform flow,inducing a shift in the motion trajectory from a crescent shape to a sideward vase shape.In the absence of interference between the upper and lower arms,the lift coefficient of the manipulator substantially increased with rising pulsating frequency,reaching a maximum increment of 67.0%.This increase in the lift coefficient led to a 67.05%rise in the vibration frequency of the manipulator in the in-line direction.As the pulsating amplitude increased,the drag coefficient of the underwater manipulator rose by 36.79%,but the vibration frequency in the cross-flow direction decreased by 56.26%.Additionally,when the upper and lower arms remained in a state of mutual interference,the cross-flow vibration amplitudes of the upper and lower arms were approximately 1.84 and 4.82 times higher in a circular-elliptical arrangement compared to an elliptical-circular arrangement,respectively.Consequently,the flow field shifted from a P+S pattern to a disordered pattern,disrupting the regularity of the motion trajectory.展开更多
BACKGROUND Timely and accurate evaluation of mental disorders in adolescents using appropriate mental health literacy assessment tools is essential for improving their mental health literacy levels.AIM To develop an e...BACKGROUND Timely and accurate evaluation of mental disorders in adolescents using appropriate mental health literacy assessment tools is essential for improving their mental health literacy levels.AIM To develop an evaluation index system for the mental health literacy of adolescent patients with mental disorders,providing a scientific,comprehensive,and reliable tool for the monitoring and intervention of mental health literacy of such patients.METHODS From December 2022 to June 2023,the evaluation index system for mental health literacy of adolescents with mental disorders was developed through literature reviews,semi-structured interviews,expert letter consultations,and the analytic hierarchy process.Based on this index system,a self-assessment questionnaire was compiled and administered to 305 adolescents with mental disorders to test the reliability and validity of the index system.RESULTS The final evaluation index system for mental health literacy of adolescents with mental disorders included 4 first-level indicators,10 second-level indicators,and 52 third-level indicators.The overall Cronbach’sαcoefficient of the index system was 0.957,with a partial reliability of 0.826 and a content validity index of 0.975.The cumulative variance contribution rate of 10 common factors was 66.491%.The correlation coefficients between each dimension and the total questionnaire ranged from 0.672 to 0.724,while the correlation coefficients in each dimension ranged from 0.389 to 0.705.CONCLUSION The evaluation index system for mental health literacy of adolescents with mental disorders,developed in this study,demonstrated notable reliability and validity,making it a valuable tool for evaluating mental health literacy in this population.展开更多
In this paper,we define for the trace operator,the solution of certain models of vibrating plates standards with initial data in a strategic region spaces of weak regularities.Indeed,we know that the notion of regiona...In this paper,we define for the trace operator,the solution of certain models of vibrating plates standards with initial data in a strategic region spaces of weak regularities.Indeed,we know that the notion of regional controllability is more adapted to systems described by dynamic systems.Regional controllability results in a strategic area were established for vibrating plates by the Hilbertian Uniqueness Method.展开更多
Marine thin plates are susceptible to welding deformation owing to their low structural stiffness.Therefore,the efficient and accurate prediction of welding deformation is essential for improving welding quality.The t...Marine thin plates are susceptible to welding deformation owing to their low structural stiffness.Therefore,the efficient and accurate prediction of welding deformation is essential for improving welding quality.The traditional thermal elastic-plastic finite element method(TEP-FEM)can accurately predict welding deformation.However,its efficiency is low because of the complex nonlinear transient computation,making it difficult to meet the needs of rapid engineering evaluation.To address this challenge,this study proposes an efficient prediction method for welding deformation in marine thin plate butt welds.This method is based on the coupled temperature gradient-thermal strain method(TG-TSM)that integrates inherent strain theory with a shell element finite element model.The proposed method first extracts the distribution pattern and characteristic value of welding-induced inherent strain through TEP-FEM analysis.This strain is then converted into the equivalent thermal load applied to the shell element model for rapid computation.The proposed method-particularly,the gradual temperature gradient-thermal strain method(GTG-TSM)-achieved improved computational efficiency and consistent precision.Furthermore,the proposed method required much less computation time than the traditional TEP-FEM.Thus,this study lays the foundation for future prediction of welding deformation in more complex marine thin plates.展开更多
Convex feasibility problems are widely used in image reconstruction,sparse signal recovery,and other areas.This paper is devoted to considering a class of convex feasibility problem arising from sparse signal recovery...Convex feasibility problems are widely used in image reconstruction,sparse signal recovery,and other areas.This paper is devoted to considering a class of convex feasibility problem arising from sparse signal recovery.We rst derive the projection formulas for a vector onto the feasible sets.The centralized circumcentered-reection method is designed to solve the convex feasibility problem.Some numerical experiments demonstrate the feasibility and e ectiveness of the proposed algorithm,showing superior performance compared to conventional alternating projection methods.展开更多
An analytical model of a floating heaving box integrated with a vertical flexible porous membrane placed right next to the box applications to wave energy extraction and breakwater systems is developed under the reduc...An analytical model of a floating heaving box integrated with a vertical flexible porous membrane placed right next to the box applications to wave energy extraction and breakwater systems is developed under the reduced wave equation.The theoretical solutions for the heave radiating potential to the assigned physical model in the corresponding zones are attained by using the separation of variables approach along with the Fourier expansion.Applying the matching eigenfunction expansion technique and orthogonal conditions,the unknown coefficients that are involved in the radiated potentials are determined.The attained radiation potential allows the computation of hydrodynamic coefficients of the heaving buoy,Power Take-Off damping,and wave quantities.The accuracy of the analytical solution for the hydrodynamic coefficients is demonstrated for different oblique angles with varying numbers of terms in the series solution.The current analytical analysis findings are confirmed by existing published numerical boundary element method simulations.Several numerical results of the hydrodynamic coefficients,power capture,power take-off optimal damping,and transmission coefficients for numerous structural and physical aspects are conducted.It has been noted that the ideal power take-off damping increases as the angle of incidence rises,and the analysis suggests that the ability to capture waves is more effective in shallower waters compared to deeper ones.展开更多
Spinal cord injuries have overwhelming physical and occupational implications for patients.Moreover,the extensive and long-term medical care required for spinal cord injury significantly increases healthcare costs and...Spinal cord injuries have overwhelming physical and occupational implications for patients.Moreover,the extensive and long-term medical care required for spinal cord injury significantly increases healthcare costs and resources,adding a substantial burden to the healthcare system and patients'families.In this context,chondroitinase ABC,a bacterial enzyme isolated from Proteus vulgaris that is modified to facilitate expression and secretion in mammals,has emerged as a promising therapeutic agent.It works by degrading chondroitin sulfate proteoglycans,cleaving the glycosaminoglycanchains of chondroitin sulfate proteoglycans into soluble disaccharides or tetrasaccharides.Chondroitin sulfate proteoglycans are potent axon growth inhibitors and principal constituents of the extracellular matrix surrounding glial and neuronal cells attached to glycosaminoglycan chains.Chondroitinase ABC has been shown to play an effective role in promoting recovery from acute and chronic spinal cord injury by improving axonal regeneration and sprouting,enhancing the plasticity of perineuronal nets,inhibiting neuronal apoptosis,and modulating immune responses in various animal models.In this review,we introduce the classification and pathological mechanisms of spinal cord injury and discuss the pathophysiological role of chondroitin sulfate proteoglycans in spinal cord injury.We also highlight research advancements in spinal cord injury treatment strategies,with a focus on chondroitinase ABC,and illustrate how improvements in chondroitinase ABC stability,enzymatic activity,and delivery methods have enhanced injured spinal cord repair.Furthermore,we emphasize that combination treatment with chondroitinase ABC further enhances therapeutic efficacy.This review aimed to provide a comprehensive understanding of the current trends and future directions of chondroitinase ABC-based spinal cord injury therapies,with an emphasis on how modern technologies are accelerating the optimization of chondroitinase ABC development.展开更多
Modal parameters can accurately characterize the structural dynamic properties and assess the physical state of the structure.Therefore,it is particularly significant to identify the structural modal parameters accordi...Modal parameters can accurately characterize the structural dynamic properties and assess the physical state of the structure.Therefore,it is particularly significant to identify the structural modal parameters according to the monitoring data information in the structural health monitoring(SHM)system,so as to provide a scientific basis for structural damage identification and dynamic model modification.In view of this,this paper reviews methods for identifying structural modal parameters under environmental excitation and briefly describes how to identify structural damages based on the derived modal parameters.The paper primarily introduces data-driven modal parameter recognition methods(e.g.,time-domain,frequency-domain,and time-frequency-domain methods,etc.),briefly describes damage identification methods based on the variations of modal parameters(e.g.,natural frequency,modal shapes,and curvature modal shapes,etc.)and modal validation methods(e.g.,Stability Diagram and Modal Assurance Criterion,etc.).The current status of the application of artificial intelligence(AI)methods in the direction of modal parameter recognition and damage identification is further discussed.Based on the pre-vious analysis,the main development trends of structural modal parameter recognition and damage identification methods are given to provide scientific references for the optimized design and functional upgrading of SHM systems.展开更多
The application of industrial solid wastes as environmentally functional materials for air pollutants control has gained much attention in recent years due to its potential to reduce air pollution in a cost-effective ...The application of industrial solid wastes as environmentally functional materials for air pollutants control has gained much attention in recent years due to its potential to reduce air pollution in a cost-effective manner.In this review,we investigate the development of industrialwaste-based functional materials for various gas pollutant removal and consider the relevant reaction mechanism according to different types of industrial solid waste.We see a recent effort towards achieving high-performance environmental functional materials via chemical or physical modification,in which the active components,pore size,and phase structure can be altered.The review will discuss the potential of using industrial solid wastes,these modified materials,or synthesized materials from raw waste precursors for the removal of air pollutants,including SO_(2),NO_(x),Hg^(0),H_(2)S,VOCs,and CO_(2).The challenges still need to be addressed to realize this potential and the prospects for future research fully.The suggestions for future directions include determining the optimal composition of these materials,calculating the real reaction rate and turnover frequency,developing effective treatment methods,and establishing chemical component databases of raw industrial solid waste for catalysts/adsorbent preparation.展开更多
To analyze the differences in the transport and distribution of different types of proppants and to address issues such as the short effective support of proppant and poor placement in hydraulically intersecting fract...To analyze the differences in the transport and distribution of different types of proppants and to address issues such as the short effective support of proppant and poor placement in hydraulically intersecting fractures,this study considered the combined impact of geological-engineering factors on conductivity.Using reservoir production parameters and the discrete elementmethod,multispherical proppants were constructed.Additionally,a 3D fracture model,based on the specified conditions of the L block,employed coupled(Computational Fluid Dynamics)CFD-DEM(Discrete ElementMethod)for joint simulations to quantitatively analyze the transport and placement patterns of multispherical proppants in intersecting fractures.Results indicate that turbulent kinetic energy is an intrinsic factor affecting proppant transport.Moreover,the efficiency of placement and migration distance of low-sphericity quartz sand constructed by the DEM in the main fracture are significantly reduced compared to spherical ceramic proppants,with a 27.7%decrease in the volume fraction of the fracture surface,subsequently affecting the placement concentration and damaging fracture conductivity.Compared to small-angle fractures,controlling artificial and natural fractures to expand at angles of 45°to 60°increases the effective support length by approximately 20.6%.During hydraulic fracturing of gas wells,ensuring the fracture support area and post-closure conductivity can be achieved by controlling the sphericity of proppants and adjusting the perforation direction to control the direction of artificial fractures.展开更多
α-Trifluoromethyl ketones are a class of useful compounds with versatile applications.Their synthetic application via the transformation of the C—F bonds is of particular interest by allowing the synthesis of organi...α-Trifluoromethyl ketones are a class of useful compounds with versatile applications.Their synthetic application via the transformation of the C—F bonds is of particular interest by allowing the synthesis of organic compounds with diverse structures.Herein,the advances in the research areas ofα-trifluoromethyl ketone synthesis and their defluorination reactions are reviewed.Discussion on the mechanisms of the typical reactions has also been provided,in hope of affording some guides to the chemistry ofα-trifluoromethyl ketones in the synthetic methods toward themselves and their derivatives.展开更多
This study investigated the physicochemical properties,enzyme activities,volatile flavor components,microbial communities,and sensory evaluation of high-temperature Daqu(HTD)during the maturation process,and a standar...This study investigated the physicochemical properties,enzyme activities,volatile flavor components,microbial communities,and sensory evaluation of high-temperature Daqu(HTD)during the maturation process,and a standard system was established for comprehensive quality evaluation of HTD.There were obvious changes in the physicochemical properties,enzyme activities,and volatile flavor components at different storage periods,which affected the sensory evaluation of HTD to a certain extent.The results of high-throughput sequencing revealed significant microbial diversity,and showed that the bacterial community changed significantly more than did the fungal community.During the storage process,the dominant bacterial genera were Kroppenstedtia and Thermoascus.The correlation between dominant microorganisms and quality indicators highlighted their role in HTD quality.Lactococcus,Candida,Pichia,Paecilomyces,and protease activity played a crucial role in the formation of isovaleraldehyde.Acidic protease activity had the greatest impact on the microbial community.Moisture promoted isobutyric acid generation.Furthermore,the comprehensive quality evaluation standard system was established by the entropy weight method combined with multi-factor fuzzy mathematics.Consequently,this study provides innovative insights for comprehensive quality evaluation of HTD during storage and establishes a groundwork for scientific and rational storage of HTD and quality control of sauce-flavor Baijiu.展开更多
In this paper,we propose a three-term conjugate gradient method for solving unconstrained optimization problems based on the Hestenes-Stiefel(HS)conjugate gradient method and Polak-Ribiere-Polyak(PRP)conjugate gradien...In this paper,we propose a three-term conjugate gradient method for solving unconstrained optimization problems based on the Hestenes-Stiefel(HS)conjugate gradient method and Polak-Ribiere-Polyak(PRP)conjugate gradient method.Under the condition of standard Wolfe line search,the proposed search direction is the descent direction.For general nonlinear functions,the method is globally convergent.Finally,numerical results show that the proposed method is efficient.展开更多
文摘Key methods developed and used in the USSR and in the Russian Federation to determine the impact and friction sensitivity of energetic materials and explosives have been discussed.Experimental methodologies and instruments that underlie the assessment of their production and handling safety have been described.Studies of a large number of compounds have revealed relationships between their sensitivity parameters and structure of individual compounds and compositions.The range of change of physical and chemical characteristics for the compounds we examined covers the entire region of their existence.Theoretical methodology and equations have been formulated to estimate the impact and friction sensitivity parameters of energetic materials and to evaluate the technological safety in use.The developed methodology is characterized by high-accuracy calculations and prediction of sensitivity parameters.
文摘AIM: To test the methodical and pre-analytical performance of a new multiplex cancer biomarker panel using magnetic beads. METHODS: The MILLIPLEX? MAP Human Circulating Cancer Biomarker Magnetic Bead Panel 1 comprises the tumor markers carcinoembryonic antigen, alpha-fetoprotein, total prostate-specific antigen, cancer antigen 15-3, cancer antigen 19-9, cancer antigen 125, cytokeratine 19-fragment, β-human chorionic gonadotropin, human epididymis protein 4, osteopontin, prolactin, the cell death and angiogenesis markers soluble Fas, soluble Fas-ligand, tumor necrosis factor related apoptosisinducing ligand, vascular endothelial growth factor andthe immunological markers interleukin-6(IL-6), IL-8, tumor necrosis factor-α, transforming growth factor α, fibroblast growth factor-2, macrophage migration inhibitory factor, leptin, hepatocyte growth factor, and stem cell factor. We determined intra- and inter-assay imprecision as well as dilution linearity using quality controls and serum pools. Furthermore, the stability of the 24 biomarkers examined in this panel was ascertained by testing the influence of different storage temperatures and time span before centrifugation.RESULTS: For all markers measured in the synthetic internal quality controls, the intra-assay imprecision ranged between 2.26% and 9.41%, while for 20 of 24 measured markers in the physiological serum pools, it ranged between 1.68% and 12.87%. The inter-assay imprecision ranged between 1.48%-17.12% for 23 biomarkers in synthetic, and between 4.59%-23.88% for 18 biomarkers in physiological quality controls. Here, single markers with very low concentration levels had increased imprecision rates. Dilution linearity was acceptable(70%-130% recovery) for 20 biomarkers. Regarding pre-analytical influencing factors, most markers were stable if blood centrifugation was delayed or if serum was stored for up to 24 h at 4 ℃ and 25 ℃ after centrifugation. Comparable results were obtained in serum and plasma for most markers. However, great changes were observed for single markers.CONCLUSION: MILLIPLEX? MAP Human Circulating Cancer Biomarker Magnetic Bead Panel 1 assay is a stable and precise method for detection of most biomarkers included in the kit. However, single markers have to be interpreted with care.
基金Supported by the Doctoral Research Start-up Project of Yuncheng University(YQ-2023067)Project of Shanxi Natural Science Foundation(202303021211189)+1 种基金Fund Program for the Scientific Activities of Selected Returned Overseas Professionals in Shanxi Provinces(20220036)Shanxi ProvinceIntelligent Optoelectronic Sensing Application Technology Innovation Center and Shanxi Province Optoelectronic Information Science and TechnologyLaboratory,Yuncheng University.
文摘In this study,a straightforward one-step hydrothermal method was successfully utilized to synthesize the solid solution Na_(0.9)Mg_(0.45)Ti_(3.55)O_(8)-Na_(2)Ni_(2)Ti_(6)O_(16)(NNMTO-x),where x denotes the molar percentage of Na_(2)Ni_(2)Ti_(6)O_(16)(NNTO)within Na_(0.9)Mg_(0.45)Ti_(3.55)O_(8)(NMTO),with x values of 10,20,30,40,and 50.Both XPS(X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy)and EDX(Energy Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy)analyses unequivocally validated the formation of the NNMTO-x solid solutions.It was observed that when x is below 40,the NNMTO-x solid solution retains the structural characteristics of the original NMTO.However,beyond this threshold,significant alterations in crystal morphology were noted,accompanied by a noticeable decline in photocatalytic activity.Notably,the absorption edge of NNMTO-x(x<40)exhibited a shift towards the visible-light spectrum,thereby substantially broadening the absorption range.The findings highlight that NNMTO-30 possesses the most pronounced photocatalytic activity for the reduction of CO_(2).Specifically,after a 6 h irradiation period,the production rates of CO and CH_(4)were recorded at 42.38 and 1.47μmol/g,respectively.This investigation provides pivotal insights that are instrumental in the advancement of highly efficient and stable photocatalysts tailored for CO_(2)reduction processes.
基金Supported in part by Natural Science Foundation of Guangxi(2023GXNSFAA026246)in part by the Central Government's Guide to Local Science and Technology Development Fund(GuikeZY23055044)in part by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(62363003)。
文摘In this paper,we consider the maximal positive definite solution of the nonlinear matrix equation.By using the idea of Algorithm 2.1 in ZHANG(2013),a new inversion-free method with a stepsize parameter is proposed to obtain the maximal positive definite solution of nonlinear matrix equation X+A^(*)X|^(-α)A=Q with the case 0<α≤1.Based on this method,a new iterative algorithm is developed,and its convergence proof is given.Finally,two numerical examples are provided to show the effectiveness of the proposed method.
基金Funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.52371169)。
文摘We prepared Co_(x)Pt_(100-x)(x=40,45,50,55,60)nanoparticles by the sol-gel method.The phase composition and crystal structure,morphology and microstructure,and magnetic properties of the samples were characterized and tested using X-ray diffraction(XRD),transmission electron microscopy(TEM),and vibrating sample magnetometer(VSM),respectively.The results demonstrate that the coercivity of CoPt nanoparticles can be effectively controlled by adjusting the atomic ratio of Co and Pt in the samples.Among the compositions studied,the Co_(45)Pt_(55)sample synthesized by the sol-gel method exhibits smaller grain size and a coercivity as high as 6.65×10^(5) A/m is achieved.The morphology and microstructure of the nanoparticles were analyzed by TEM images,indicating that a slight excess of Pt can effectively enhance the coercivity of CoPt nanoparticles.
基金supported by the European Union Horizon 2020 Research and Innovation Programme(Marie Skłodowska-Curie grant agreement No 847419)supported by the Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council via a Discovery Fellowship(BB/W00934X/1)+6 种基金the Aston University RKE Pump Priming Programmefunded by UKRI’s Research England as part of their Expanding Excellence in England(E3)fundsupported by a UKRI Frontier Research Grant EP/Y023684/1(following assessment as an ERC Advanced grant,FORTIFY,ERC-2022-ADG-101096882 under the UK Government Guarantee scheme)acknowledged a Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council Pioneer Award(BB/Y512874/1)MMS was supported by a Medical Research Council Career Development Award(MR/W027119/1)acknowledged support from the BHF Centre of Research Excellence,University of Oxford(grant code:RE/24/130024)a Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council Pioneer Award(BB/Y512874/1).
文摘Glymphatic flow has been proposed to clear brain waste while we sleep.Cerebrospinal fluid moves from periarterial to perivenous spaces through the parenchyma,with subsequent cerebrospinal fluid drainage to dural lymphatics.Glymphatic disruption is associated with neurological conditions such as Alzheimer’s disease and traumatic brain injury.Therefore,investigating its structure and function may improve understanding of pathophysiology.The recent controversy on whether glymphatic flow increases or decreases during sleep demonstrates that the glymphatic hypothesis remains contentious.However,discrepancies between different studies could be due to limitations of the specific techniques used and confounding factors.Here,we review the methods used to study glymphatic function and provide a toolkit from which researchers can choose.We conclude that tracer analysis has been useful,ex vivo techniques are unreliable,and in vivo imaging is still limited.Finally,we explore the potential for future methods and highlight the need for in vitro models,such as microfluidic devices,which may address technique limitations and enable progression of the field.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.51905211)A Project of the“20 Regulations for New Universities”Funding Program of Jinan(No.202228116).
文摘Vortex-induced vibration(VIV)of an underwater manipulator in pulsating flow presents a notable engineering problem in precise control due to the velocity variation in the flow.This study investigates the VIV response of an underwater manipulator subjected to pulsating flow,focusing on how different postures affect the behavior of the system.The effects of pulsating parameters and manipulator arrangement on the hydrodynamic coefficient,vibration response,motion trajectory,and vortex shedding behaviors were analyzed.Results indicated that the cross flow vibration displacement in pulsating flow increased by 32.14%compared to uniform flow,inducing a shift in the motion trajectory from a crescent shape to a sideward vase shape.In the absence of interference between the upper and lower arms,the lift coefficient of the manipulator substantially increased with rising pulsating frequency,reaching a maximum increment of 67.0%.This increase in the lift coefficient led to a 67.05%rise in the vibration frequency of the manipulator in the in-line direction.As the pulsating amplitude increased,the drag coefficient of the underwater manipulator rose by 36.79%,but the vibration frequency in the cross-flow direction decreased by 56.26%.Additionally,when the upper and lower arms remained in a state of mutual interference,the cross-flow vibration amplitudes of the upper and lower arms were approximately 1.84 and 4.82 times higher in a circular-elliptical arrangement compared to an elliptical-circular arrangement,respectively.Consequently,the flow field shifted from a P+S pattern to a disordered pattern,disrupting the regularity of the motion trajectory.
基金Supported by Inter Disciplinary Direction Cultivation Project of Hunan University of Chinese Medicine,No.2025JC01032025 Hunan Province Science and Technology Innovation Plan Project,No.2025RC9012+2 种基金2022"Unveiling and Leading"Project of Discipline Construction at Hunan University of Chinese Medicine,No.22JBZ044Changsha Municipal Natural Science Foundation,No.kq2402174Hunan Provincial Science Popularization Fund Project,No.2025ZK4223.
文摘BACKGROUND Timely and accurate evaluation of mental disorders in adolescents using appropriate mental health literacy assessment tools is essential for improving their mental health literacy levels.AIM To develop an evaluation index system for the mental health literacy of adolescent patients with mental disorders,providing a scientific,comprehensive,and reliable tool for the monitoring and intervention of mental health literacy of such patients.METHODS From December 2022 to June 2023,the evaluation index system for mental health literacy of adolescents with mental disorders was developed through literature reviews,semi-structured interviews,expert letter consultations,and the analytic hierarchy process.Based on this index system,a self-assessment questionnaire was compiled and administered to 305 adolescents with mental disorders to test the reliability and validity of the index system.RESULTS The final evaluation index system for mental health literacy of adolescents with mental disorders included 4 first-level indicators,10 second-level indicators,and 52 third-level indicators.The overall Cronbach’sαcoefficient of the index system was 0.957,with a partial reliability of 0.826 and a content validity index of 0.975.The cumulative variance contribution rate of 10 common factors was 66.491%.The correlation coefficients between each dimension and the total questionnaire ranged from 0.672 to 0.724,while the correlation coefficients in each dimension ranged from 0.389 to 0.705.CONCLUSION The evaluation index system for mental health literacy of adolescents with mental disorders,developed in this study,demonstrated notable reliability and validity,making it a valuable tool for evaluating mental health literacy in this population.
文摘In this paper,we define for the trace operator,the solution of certain models of vibrating plates standards with initial data in a strategic region spaces of weak regularities.Indeed,we know that the notion of regional controllability is more adapted to systems described by dynamic systems.Regional controllability results in a strategic area were established for vibrating plates by the Hilbertian Uniqueness Method.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant No.51975138the High-Tech Ship Scientific Research Project from the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology under Grant No.CJ05N20the National Defense Basic Research Project under Grant No.JCKY2023604C006.
文摘Marine thin plates are susceptible to welding deformation owing to their low structural stiffness.Therefore,the efficient and accurate prediction of welding deformation is essential for improving welding quality.The traditional thermal elastic-plastic finite element method(TEP-FEM)can accurately predict welding deformation.However,its efficiency is low because of the complex nonlinear transient computation,making it difficult to meet the needs of rapid engineering evaluation.To address this challenge,this study proposes an efficient prediction method for welding deformation in marine thin plate butt welds.This method is based on the coupled temperature gradient-thermal strain method(TG-TSM)that integrates inherent strain theory with a shell element finite element model.The proposed method first extracts the distribution pattern and characteristic value of welding-induced inherent strain through TEP-FEM analysis.This strain is then converted into the equivalent thermal load applied to the shell element model for rapid computation.The proposed method-particularly,the gradual temperature gradient-thermal strain method(GTG-TSM)-achieved improved computational efficiency and consistent precision.Furthermore,the proposed method required much less computation time than the traditional TEP-FEM.Thus,this study lays the foundation for future prediction of welding deformation in more complex marine thin plates.
基金Supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Guangxi Province(Grant Nos.2023GXNSFAA026067,2024GXN SFAA010521)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.12361079,12201149,12261026).
文摘Convex feasibility problems are widely used in image reconstruction,sparse signal recovery,and other areas.This paper is devoted to considering a class of convex feasibility problem arising from sparse signal recovery.We rst derive the projection formulas for a vector onto the feasible sets.The centralized circumcentered-reection method is designed to solve the convex feasibility problem.Some numerical experiments demonstrate the feasibility and e ectiveness of the proposed algorithm,showing superior performance compared to conventional alternating projection methods.
基金Open access funding provided by FCT|FCCN(b-on)the Strategic Research Plan of the Centre for Marine Technology and Ocean Engineering(CENTEC),which is financed by the Portuguese Foundation for Science and Technology(Fundação para a Ciência e Tecnologia-FCT)under contract UIDB/UIDP/00134/2020.
文摘An analytical model of a floating heaving box integrated with a vertical flexible porous membrane placed right next to the box applications to wave energy extraction and breakwater systems is developed under the reduced wave equation.The theoretical solutions for the heave radiating potential to the assigned physical model in the corresponding zones are attained by using the separation of variables approach along with the Fourier expansion.Applying the matching eigenfunction expansion technique and orthogonal conditions,the unknown coefficients that are involved in the radiated potentials are determined.The attained radiation potential allows the computation of hydrodynamic coefficients of the heaving buoy,Power Take-Off damping,and wave quantities.The accuracy of the analytical solution for the hydrodynamic coefficients is demonstrated for different oblique angles with varying numbers of terms in the series solution.The current analytical analysis findings are confirmed by existing published numerical boundary element method simulations.Several numerical results of the hydrodynamic coefficients,power capture,power take-off optimal damping,and transmission coefficients for numerous structural and physical aspects are conducted.It has been noted that the ideal power take-off damping increases as the angle of incidence rises,and the analysis suggests that the ability to capture waves is more effective in shallower waters compared to deeper ones.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.82002645China Postdoctoral Science Foundation,No.2022M722321Jiangsu Funding Program for Excellent Postdoctoral Talent,No.2022ZB552(all to YH)。
文摘Spinal cord injuries have overwhelming physical and occupational implications for patients.Moreover,the extensive and long-term medical care required for spinal cord injury significantly increases healthcare costs and resources,adding a substantial burden to the healthcare system and patients'families.In this context,chondroitinase ABC,a bacterial enzyme isolated from Proteus vulgaris that is modified to facilitate expression and secretion in mammals,has emerged as a promising therapeutic agent.It works by degrading chondroitin sulfate proteoglycans,cleaving the glycosaminoglycanchains of chondroitin sulfate proteoglycans into soluble disaccharides or tetrasaccharides.Chondroitin sulfate proteoglycans are potent axon growth inhibitors and principal constituents of the extracellular matrix surrounding glial and neuronal cells attached to glycosaminoglycan chains.Chondroitinase ABC has been shown to play an effective role in promoting recovery from acute and chronic spinal cord injury by improving axonal regeneration and sprouting,enhancing the plasticity of perineuronal nets,inhibiting neuronal apoptosis,and modulating immune responses in various animal models.In this review,we introduce the classification and pathological mechanisms of spinal cord injury and discuss the pathophysiological role of chondroitin sulfate proteoglycans in spinal cord injury.We also highlight research advancements in spinal cord injury treatment strategies,with a focus on chondroitinase ABC,and illustrate how improvements in chondroitinase ABC stability,enzymatic activity,and delivery methods have enhanced injured spinal cord repair.Furthermore,we emphasize that combination treatment with chondroitinase ABC further enhances therapeutic efficacy.This review aimed to provide a comprehensive understanding of the current trends and future directions of chondroitinase ABC-based spinal cord injury therapies,with an emphasis on how modern technologies are accelerating the optimization of chondroitinase ABC development.
基金supported by the Innovation Foundation of Provincial Education Department of Gansu(2024B-005)the Gansu Province National Science Foundation(22YF7GA182)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(No.lzujbky2022-kb01)。
文摘Modal parameters can accurately characterize the structural dynamic properties and assess the physical state of the structure.Therefore,it is particularly significant to identify the structural modal parameters according to the monitoring data information in the structural health monitoring(SHM)system,so as to provide a scientific basis for structural damage identification and dynamic model modification.In view of this,this paper reviews methods for identifying structural modal parameters under environmental excitation and briefly describes how to identify structural damages based on the derived modal parameters.The paper primarily introduces data-driven modal parameter recognition methods(e.g.,time-domain,frequency-domain,and time-frequency-domain methods,etc.),briefly describes damage identification methods based on the variations of modal parameters(e.g.,natural frequency,modal shapes,and curvature modal shapes,etc.)and modal validation methods(e.g.,Stability Diagram and Modal Assurance Criterion,etc.).The current status of the application of artificial intelligence(AI)methods in the direction of modal parameter recognition and damage identification is further discussed.Based on the pre-vious analysis,the main development trends of structural modal parameter recognition and damage identification methods are given to provide scientific references for the optimized design and functional upgrading of SHM systems.
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.52270106 and 22266021)Yunnan Major Scientific and Technological Projects(grant No.202202AG050005)Yunnan Fundamental Research Projects(grant No.202201AT070116).
文摘The application of industrial solid wastes as environmentally functional materials for air pollutants control has gained much attention in recent years due to its potential to reduce air pollution in a cost-effective manner.In this review,we investigate the development of industrialwaste-based functional materials for various gas pollutant removal and consider the relevant reaction mechanism according to different types of industrial solid waste.We see a recent effort towards achieving high-performance environmental functional materials via chemical or physical modification,in which the active components,pore size,and phase structure can be altered.The review will discuss the potential of using industrial solid wastes,these modified materials,or synthesized materials from raw waste precursors for the removal of air pollutants,including SO_(2),NO_(x),Hg^(0),H_(2)S,VOCs,and CO_(2).The challenges still need to be addressed to realize this potential and the prospects for future research fully.The suggestions for future directions include determining the optimal composition of these materials,calculating the real reaction rate and turnover frequency,developing effective treatment methods,and establishing chemical component databases of raw industrial solid waste for catalysts/adsorbent preparation.
基金funded by the project of the Major Scientific and Technological Projects of CNOOC in the 14th Five-Year Plan(No.KJGG2022-0701)the CNOOC Research Institute(No.2020PFS-03).
文摘To analyze the differences in the transport and distribution of different types of proppants and to address issues such as the short effective support of proppant and poor placement in hydraulically intersecting fractures,this study considered the combined impact of geological-engineering factors on conductivity.Using reservoir production parameters and the discrete elementmethod,multispherical proppants were constructed.Additionally,a 3D fracture model,based on the specified conditions of the L block,employed coupled(Computational Fluid Dynamics)CFD-DEM(Discrete ElementMethod)for joint simulations to quantitatively analyze the transport and placement patterns of multispherical proppants in intersecting fractures.Results indicate that turbulent kinetic energy is an intrinsic factor affecting proppant transport.Moreover,the efficiency of placement and migration distance of low-sphericity quartz sand constructed by the DEM in the main fracture are significantly reduced compared to spherical ceramic proppants,with a 27.7%decrease in the volume fraction of the fracture surface,subsequently affecting the placement concentration and damaging fracture conductivity.Compared to small-angle fractures,controlling artificial and natural fractures to expand at angles of 45°to 60°increases the effective support length by approximately 20.6%.During hydraulic fracturing of gas wells,ensuring the fracture support area and post-closure conductivity can be achieved by controlling the sphericity of proppants and adjusting the perforation direction to control the direction of artificial fractures.
文摘α-Trifluoromethyl ketones are a class of useful compounds with versatile applications.Their synthetic application via the transformation of the C—F bonds is of particular interest by allowing the synthesis of organic compounds with diverse structures.Herein,the advances in the research areas ofα-trifluoromethyl ketone synthesis and their defluorination reactions are reviewed.Discussion on the mechanisms of the typical reactions has also been provided,in hope of affording some guides to the chemistry ofα-trifluoromethyl ketones in the synthetic methods toward themselves and their derivatives.
文摘This study investigated the physicochemical properties,enzyme activities,volatile flavor components,microbial communities,and sensory evaluation of high-temperature Daqu(HTD)during the maturation process,and a standard system was established for comprehensive quality evaluation of HTD.There were obvious changes in the physicochemical properties,enzyme activities,and volatile flavor components at different storage periods,which affected the sensory evaluation of HTD to a certain extent.The results of high-throughput sequencing revealed significant microbial diversity,and showed that the bacterial community changed significantly more than did the fungal community.During the storage process,the dominant bacterial genera were Kroppenstedtia and Thermoascus.The correlation between dominant microorganisms and quality indicators highlighted their role in HTD quality.Lactococcus,Candida,Pichia,Paecilomyces,and protease activity played a crucial role in the formation of isovaleraldehyde.Acidic protease activity had the greatest impact on the microbial community.Moisture promoted isobutyric acid generation.Furthermore,the comprehensive quality evaluation standard system was established by the entropy weight method combined with multi-factor fuzzy mathematics.Consequently,this study provides innovative insights for comprehensive quality evaluation of HTD during storage and establishes a groundwork for scientific and rational storage of HTD and quality control of sauce-flavor Baijiu.
基金Supported by the Science and Technology Project of Guangxi(Guike AD23023002)。
文摘In this paper,we propose a three-term conjugate gradient method for solving unconstrained optimization problems based on the Hestenes-Stiefel(HS)conjugate gradient method and Polak-Ribiere-Polyak(PRP)conjugate gradient method.Under the condition of standard Wolfe line search,the proposed search direction is the descent direction.For general nonlinear functions,the method is globally convergent.Finally,numerical results show that the proposed method is efficient.
