The genetic mechanism determining amylose content(AC)and its impact on eating and cooking quality(ECQ)of rice is highly complex.To elucidate the genetic basis of AC in rice,the Ting’s core collection was used to iden...The genetic mechanism determining amylose content(AC)and its impact on eating and cooking quality(ECQ)of rice is highly complex.To elucidate the genetic basis of AC in rice,the Ting’s core collection was used to identify novel AC genes/loci through genome-wide association analysis(GWAS)using more than 5.0 million single nucleotide polymorphisms(SNPs).In this study,12 genes related to AC,including the major gene Wx and 11 minor genes,were detected using the EMMAX method.A novel gene,LR,encoding a nucleotide-binding leucine-rich-repeat(LRR)receptor(NLR)family protein,was selected for functional study.When LR was knocked out using CRISPR/Cas9,the AC decreased significantly.Furthermore,the AC in varieties was significantly higher with Haplotype A compared to Haplotypes B and C of LR.Notably,two natural variations,SNP-385(Thr-Hap.A vs Ala-Haps.B and C)and SNP-758(Ser-Hap.A vs Asn-Haps.B and C),in the coding region of LR might play critical roles in regulating AC and serve as potential targets for cultivating rice with diverse amylose contents.展开更多
This article deals with the methods of finding partial discharge(PD)location in power transformers using ultra high frequency(UHF)measurements.The UHF technique utilises two methods to find the PD location,that is,the...This article deals with the methods of finding partial discharge(PD)location in power transformers using ultra high frequency(UHF)measurements.The UHF technique utilises two methods to find the PD location,that is,the shortest path method and hyperbolic method.The shortest path method works based on the comparison of the measured data and the ones in the database.In the hyperbolic method,a hyperbolic equation is obtained between each two element subset of sensors.The coordinate that best fits all equations is known as the PD location,and can be obtained in three different ways,that is,iterative algorithms,the Fang method and Chan method.The convergence of iterative algorithms is limited by poor initial estimate,overshoot,mitigation of non-convergence etc.The Fang and Chan methods are two closed-form solutions that are used in the communication system to find the radiation source location.This article explains how to use these two methods to obtain the PD coordinate inside the power transformer.These two methods can find exactly the coordinate that best fits all hyperbolic equations.At the end of this article,several tests are carried out through CST software and the PD locations is estimated by all presented methods.The simulation results show how the Fang and Chan methods can overcome the limitations of the iterative method.展开更多
Electronic band structure is a cornerstone of condensed matter physics and materials science.Conventional methods like Wannier interpolation(WI),which are commonly used to interpolate band structures onto dense k-poin...Electronic band structure is a cornerstone of condensed matter physics and materials science.Conventional methods like Wannier interpolation(WI),which are commonly used to interpolate band structures onto dense k-point grids,often encounter difficulties with complex systems,such as those involving entangled bands or topological obstructions.We introduce the Hamiltonian transformation(HT)method,a novel framework that enhances interpolation accuracy by localizing the Hamiltonian.Using a pre-optimized transformation,HT produces a far more localized Hamiltonian than WI-SCDM(where Wannier functions are generated via the selected columns of the density matrix projection),achieving up to two orders of magnitude greater accuracy for entangled bands.Although HT utilizes a slightly larger,nonlocal numerical basis set,its construction is rapid and requires no optimization,resulting in significantcomputational speedups.These features make HTamore precise,efficient,and robust alternative to WI-SCDM for band structure interpolation,as verified by high-throughput calculations.展开更多
基金supported by the Hainan Provincial Joint Project of Sanya Yazhou Bay Science and Technology City,China(Grant No.2021JJLH0041)the Zhejiang Provincial Natural Science Foundation,China(Grant No.LY23C130006)+3 种基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.32472207)Nanfan Special Project,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences(Grant Nos.YBXM2436 and YBXM2326)the Hainan Province Science and Technology Special Fund,China(Grant No.ZDYF2022XDNY256)the Innovational Fund for Scientific and Technological Personnel of Hainan Province,China(Grant No.KJRC2023B24).
文摘The genetic mechanism determining amylose content(AC)and its impact on eating and cooking quality(ECQ)of rice is highly complex.To elucidate the genetic basis of AC in rice,the Ting’s core collection was used to identify novel AC genes/loci through genome-wide association analysis(GWAS)using more than 5.0 million single nucleotide polymorphisms(SNPs).In this study,12 genes related to AC,including the major gene Wx and 11 minor genes,were detected using the EMMAX method.A novel gene,LR,encoding a nucleotide-binding leucine-rich-repeat(LRR)receptor(NLR)family protein,was selected for functional study.When LR was knocked out using CRISPR/Cas9,the AC decreased significantly.Furthermore,the AC in varieties was significantly higher with Haplotype A compared to Haplotypes B and C of LR.Notably,two natural variations,SNP-385(Thr-Hap.A vs Ala-Haps.B and C)and SNP-758(Ser-Hap.A vs Asn-Haps.B and C),in the coding region of LR might play critical roles in regulating AC and serve as potential targets for cultivating rice with diverse amylose contents.
文摘This article deals with the methods of finding partial discharge(PD)location in power transformers using ultra high frequency(UHF)measurements.The UHF technique utilises two methods to find the PD location,that is,the shortest path method and hyperbolic method.The shortest path method works based on the comparison of the measured data and the ones in the database.In the hyperbolic method,a hyperbolic equation is obtained between each two element subset of sensors.The coordinate that best fits all equations is known as the PD location,and can be obtained in three different ways,that is,iterative algorithms,the Fang method and Chan method.The convergence of iterative algorithms is limited by poor initial estimate,overshoot,mitigation of non-convergence etc.The Fang and Chan methods are two closed-form solutions that are used in the communication system to find the radiation source location.This article explains how to use these two methods to obtain the PD coordinate inside the power transformer.These two methods can find exactly the coordinate that best fits all hyperbolic equations.At the end of this article,several tests are carried out through CST software and the PD locations is estimated by all presented methods.The simulation results show how the Fang and Chan methods can overcome the limitations of the iterative method.
基金supported by the Innovation Program for Quantum Science and Technology(2021ZD0303306)the Strategic Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(XDB0450101)+7 种基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(22288201,22173093,21688102)the Anhui Provincial Key Research and Development Program(2022a05020052)the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2016YFA0200604,2021YFB0300600)the Network Information Project of Chinese Academy of Sciences(CASWX2021SF-0103)the Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale(KF2020003)National Natural Science Foundation of China(22403024)the Anhui Provincial Natural Science Foundation(2308085QB52)Lin Lin is a Simons Investigator.The authors thank the Hefei Advanced Computing Center,the Supercomputing Center of Chinese Academy of Sciences(Xiandao-1),the Supercomputing Center of USTC,the National Supercomputing Center in Wuxi,Tianjin,Shanghai,and Guangzhou for the computational resources.
文摘Electronic band structure is a cornerstone of condensed matter physics and materials science.Conventional methods like Wannier interpolation(WI),which are commonly used to interpolate band structures onto dense k-point grids,often encounter difficulties with complex systems,such as those involving entangled bands or topological obstructions.We introduce the Hamiltonian transformation(HT)method,a novel framework that enhances interpolation accuracy by localizing the Hamiltonian.Using a pre-optimized transformation,HT produces a far more localized Hamiltonian than WI-SCDM(where Wannier functions are generated via the selected columns of the density matrix projection),achieving up to two orders of magnitude greater accuracy for entangled bands.Although HT utilizes a slightly larger,nonlocal numerical basis set,its construction is rapid and requires no optimization,resulting in significantcomputational speedups.These features make HTamore precise,efficient,and robust alternative to WI-SCDM for band structure interpolation,as verified by high-throughput calculations.
