Accurately and swiftly characterizing the state of polarization(SoP)of complex structured light is crucial in the realms of classical and quantum optics.Conventional strategies for detecting SoP,which typically involv...Accurately and swiftly characterizing the state of polarization(SoP)of complex structured light is crucial in the realms of classical and quantum optics.Conventional strategies for detecting SoP,which typically involves a sequence of cascaded optical elements,are bulky,complex,and run counter to miniaturization and integration.While metasurfaceenabled polarimetry has emerged to overcome these limitations,its functionality predominantly remains confined to identifying SoP within the standard Poincare sphere framework.The comprehensive detection of SoP on the higherorder Poincare sphere(HOPS),however,continues to be a huge challenge.Here,we propose a general polarization metrology method capable of fully detecting SoP on any HOPS through a single measurement.The underlying mechanism relies on transforming the optical singularities and Stokes parameters into visualized intensity patterns,facilitating the extraction of all parameters that fully determine a SoP.We actualize this concept through a novel metadevice known as the metasurface photonics polarization clock,which offers an intuitive display of SoP using four distinct pointers.As a proof of concept,we theoretically and experimentally demonstrate fully resolving SoPs on the Oth,1st,and 2nd HOPSs.Our implementation opens up a new pathway towards real-time polarimetry of arbitrary beams featuring miniaturized size,a simple detection process,and a direct readout mechanism,promising significant advancements in fields reliant on polarization.展开更多
基金support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.62275078,12204165,52221001,62205250,12421005,62475069)Natural Science Foundation of Hunan Province(Grant No.2022JJ20020,2023JJ40112)+2 种基金the Science and Technology Innovation Program of Hunan Province(Grant No.2023RC3101)the Hunan Major Sci-Tech Program(Grant No.2023ZJ1010)Shenzhen Science and Technology Program(GrantNo.JCYJ20220530160405013).
文摘Accurately and swiftly characterizing the state of polarization(SoP)of complex structured light is crucial in the realms of classical and quantum optics.Conventional strategies for detecting SoP,which typically involves a sequence of cascaded optical elements,are bulky,complex,and run counter to miniaturization and integration.While metasurfaceenabled polarimetry has emerged to overcome these limitations,its functionality predominantly remains confined to identifying SoP within the standard Poincare sphere framework.The comprehensive detection of SoP on the higherorder Poincare sphere(HOPS),however,continues to be a huge challenge.Here,we propose a general polarization metrology method capable of fully detecting SoP on any HOPS through a single measurement.The underlying mechanism relies on transforming the optical singularities and Stokes parameters into visualized intensity patterns,facilitating the extraction of all parameters that fully determine a SoP.We actualize this concept through a novel metadevice known as the metasurface photonics polarization clock,which offers an intuitive display of SoP using four distinct pointers.As a proof of concept,we theoretically and experimentally demonstrate fully resolving SoPs on the Oth,1st,and 2nd HOPSs.Our implementation opens up a new pathway towards real-time polarimetry of arbitrary beams featuring miniaturized size,a simple detection process,and a direct readout mechanism,promising significant advancements in fields reliant on polarization.
