The meta-basic volcanic rocks in the Tengtiaohe Zone yield zircon U–Pb ages of 258.8±2.5 Ma and 259.2±1.8 Ma, respectively which agree with the ages of flood basalts of ELIP and are similar to the basaltic ...The meta-basic volcanic rocks in the Tengtiaohe Zone yield zircon U–Pb ages of 258.8±2.5 Ma and 259.2±1.8 Ma, respectively which agree with the ages of flood basalts of ELIP and are similar to the basaltic rocks and komatiites from the Song Da Zone in northern Vietnam. The results suggest that the age of meta-basic volcanic rocks is Late Permian, rather than the Early Permian or Early Carboniferous ages as previously inferred. Most meta-basic volcanic rocks are strongly enriched in LREEs relative to HREEs and display trace element patterns similar to the ELIP high-Ti basalts, and are enriched in LILEs with negative Sr anomalies. Their initial 87^Sr/86^Sr ratios range from 0.705974 to 0.706188 and εNd（t） from-0.82 to-2.11. Their magmas were derived from an enriched and deep mantle source without significant crustal contamination. These meta-basic volcanic rocks formed in ELIP. Therefore, the Tengtiaohe Zone is not an ophiolite zone and can link to the Song Da Zone in northern Vietnam.展开更多
The Ning-Wu Basin is an important part of the Middle-Lower Yangtze River Metallogenic Belt in eastern China.It contains well-preserved Mesozoic volcanic sequences that document significant geodynamic evolution.However...The Ning-Wu Basin is an important part of the Middle-Lower Yangtze River Metallogenic Belt in eastern China.It contains well-preserved Mesozoic volcanic sequences that document significant geodynamic evolution.However,uncertainties surrounding the ages of eruptions and the temporal relationships between the four main volcanic cycles—the Longwangshan,Dawangshan,Gushan and Niangniangshan formations—have hindered our understanding of magmatic pulsation and its connection to iron mineralisation.Here,high-precision LA-ICP-MS zircon U-Pb dating of four fresh volcanic samples(one per formation)reveals weighted mean ages of 132.3±1.0 Ma(Longwangshan;MSWD=1.3),130.4±1.6 Ma(Dawangshan;MSWD=1.3),128.1±1.9 Ma(Gushan;MSWD=2.0)and 127.2±1.1 Ma(Niangniangshan;MSWD=0.23).These dates constrain volcanic activity to the Early Cretaceous Valanginian-Hauterivian interval and show a systematic trend of increasingly younger ages spanning~8 Ma(133-125 Ma).This magmatism can be subdivided into three phases:initiation(133-132 Ma),peak activity(132-130 Ma)and cessation(128-125 Ma).The episodic volcanism correlates with the accelerating rollback of the Pacific subduction zone,which drives crustal melting and asthenospheric upwelling.Notably,these cycles supplied the thermal energy,fluids and iron-rich melts that were essential for the formation of porphyritic iron deposits in the basin.By establishing a highresolution chronostratigraphic framework,this study sheds light on the spatiotemporal evolution of the Ning-Wu Basin,elucidating the coupling between crust-mantle dynamics,volcanic cyclicity and ore-forming processes across eastern China’s metallogenic belt.展开更多
The Mesozoic volcanic rocks of the Bodong Low Uplift in the Bohai Bay Basin have been studied and explored for years.In 2024,the LK7-A well drilled in this region tested high-yield oil and gas flows from volcanic weat...The Mesozoic volcanic rocks of the Bodong Low Uplift in the Bohai Bay Basin have been studied and explored for years.In 2024,the LK7-A well drilled in this region tested high-yield oil and gas flows from volcanic weathered crust.These volcanic rocks need to be further investigated in terms of distribution patterns,conditions for forming high-quality reservoirs,and main factors controlling hydrocarbon accumulation.Based on the logging,geochemical and mineralogical data from wells newly drilled to the Mesozoic volcanic rocks in the basin,and high-resolution 3D seismic data,a comprehensive study was conducted for this area.The research findings are as follows.First,the volcanic rocks in the LK7-A structure are adakites with a large source area depth,and the deep and large faults have provided channels for the emplacement of intermediate-acidic volcanic rocks.Second,volcanic rock reservoirs are mainly distributed in tectonic breccias and intermediate-acidic lavas,and they are dominantly fractured-porous reservoirs,with high-porosity and low-permeability or medium-porosity and low-permeability.Third,the dominant lithologies/lithofacies is the basic condition for forming large-scale volcanic rock reservoirs.Structural fractures and late-stage strong weathering are crucial mechanisms for the formation scale of reservoirs in the Mesozoic volcanic rocks.Fourth,the Bodong Low Uplift exhibits strong hydrocarbon charging by two sags and overpressure mudstone capping,which are favorable for forming high-abundance oil and gas reservoirs.The Mesozoic volcanic buried hills in the study area reflect good trap geometry,providing favorable conditions for large-scale reservoir formation,and also excellent migration and accumulation conditions.Areas with long-term exposure of intermediate-acidic volcanic rocks,particularly in active structural regions,are the key targets for future exploration.展开更多
The pore structure of rocks significantly influences the porosity and permeability of reservoirs and the migration ability of oil and gas,and being the key task on the development of volcanic gas reservoirs.Nine volca...The pore structure of rocks significantly influences the porosity and permeability of reservoirs and the migration ability of oil and gas,and being the key task on the development of volcanic gas reservoirs.Nine volcanic rock samples from the Yingcheng Formation and Huoshiling Formation in the Longfengshan area of the Changling Fault Depression in the Songliao Basin were selected for this study.The pore structures of the volcanic rocks in the study area were investigated using high-pressure mercury injection,X-ray diffraction combined with fractal theory.The relationships between the fractal dimension and physical properties characteristics,pore structure parameters,and mineral content were analyzed to provide guidance for the development of volcanic rock gas reservoirs.The results show that the reservoir can be divided into 3 types(I,II,and III)based on the shape of the capillary pressure curve,and the physical properties deteriorate successively.Different types of reservoirs exhibit different fractal characteristics.For typesⅠ,ⅡandⅢ,the average total fractal dimensions were 2.3418,2.6850,and 2.9203,respectively.The larger the fractal dimension,the stronger the heterogeneity of reservoir.A small number of macro-pores primarily contributed to permeability.The fractal dimension was negatively correlated with porosity and permeability.The fractal dimension of the rock was strongly correlated with quartz and feldspar contents,and the mineral composition and content are closely related to the pore evolution of the reservoir,which are the internal factors affecting the fractal dimension of volcanic rock.展开更多
Based on sedimentary characteristics of the fine-grained rocks of the lower submember of second member of the Lower Cretaceous Shahezi Formation(K_(1)sh_(2)^(L))in the Lishu rift depression,combined with methods of or...Based on sedimentary characteristics of the fine-grained rocks of the lower submember of second member of the Lower Cretaceous Shahezi Formation(K_(1)sh_(2)^(L))in the Lishu rift depression,combined with methods of organic petrology,analysis of major and trace elements as well as biological marker compound,the enrichment conditions and enrichment model of organic matter in the fine-grained sedimentary rocks in volcanic rift lacustrine basin are investigated.The change of sedimentary paleoenvironment controls the vertical distribution of different lithofacies types in the K_(1)sh_(2)^(L)and divides it into the upper and lower parts.The lower part contains massive siliceous mudstone with bioclast-bearing siliceous mudstone,whereas the upper part is mostly composed of laminated siliceous shale and laminated fine-grained mixed shale.The kerogen types of organic matter in the lower and upper parts are typesⅡ_(2)–Ⅲand typesⅠ–Ⅱ_(1),respectively.The organic carbon content in the upper part is higher than that in the lower part generally.The enrichment of organic matter in volcanic rift lacustrine basin is subjected to three favorable conditions.First,continuous enhancement of rifting is the direct factor increasing the paleo-water depth,and the rise of base level leads to the expansion of deep-water mudstone/shale deposition range.Second,relatively strong underwater volcanic eruption and rifting are simultaneous,and such event can provide a lot of nutrients for the lake basin,which is conducive to the bloom of algae,resulting in higher productivity of typesⅠ–Ⅱ_(1)kerogen.Third,the relatively dry paleoclimate leads to a decrease in input of fresh water and terrestrial materials,including TypeⅢkerogen from terrestrial higher plants,resulting in a water body with higher salinity and anoxic stratification,which is more favorable for preservation of organic matter.The organic matter enrichment model of fine-grained sedimentary rocks of volcanic rift lacustrine basin is established,which is of reference significance to the understanding of the organic matter enrichment mechanism of fine-grained sedimentary rocks of Shahezi Formation in Songliao Basin and even in the northeast China.展开更多
Volcanic reservoirs demonstrate strong heterogeneity and substantial variations in productivity due to the complexity of volcanic eruption and lithology.The main types of reservoir space are not clear,and the dominant...Volcanic reservoirs demonstrate strong heterogeneity and substantial variations in productivity due to the complexity of volcanic eruption and lithology.The main types of reservoir space are not clear,and the dominant lithofacies distribution,particularly the favorable areas for high-quality reservoirs,remains to be determined.In this paper,the Huoshiling Formation in the Dehui faulted depression,Songliao Basin is taken as an example to carry out the multi-scale joint characterization of its pore throat structure,establish a reservoir evaluation standard that considers both the gas content and seepage capacity,and perform reservoir evaluation and play fairway mapping under facies control.The results show that the storage space types of the gas-bearing reservoirs in the faulted depression can be ascribed into three categories and six subcategories according to the pore throat and pore characteristics.In terms of pore sizes,volcaniclastic lava rank the first,followed by volcaniclastic rocks,sedimentary volcaniclastic rocks and volcanic lava.The comprehensive evaluation parameter(Φ·K·Sg,whereΦis porosity,K permeability,and Sggas saturation)of high-quality reservoirs are all greater than 0.1.The volcanic reservoirs in the Stage-III strata are the highest in quality and largest in area of play fairways.The thermal debris flow sub-facies developed at Stage III are mainly seen along the western strike-slip fault zone in the Debei sub-sag and the southwest Nong'an tectonic belt,while those developed at Stage I are distributed along the central and eastern fault zones in the southeastern Baojia sub-sag.The favorable layer evaluation and favorable area delineation under facies control will be of certain reference significance for subsequent exploration and development of volcanic gas reservoirs.展开更多
Conventional borehole image log interpretation of linear fractures on volcanic rocks,represented as sinusoids on unwrapped cylinder projections,is relatively straight-forward,however,interpreting non-linear rock struc...Conventional borehole image log interpretation of linear fractures on volcanic rocks,represented as sinusoids on unwrapped cylinder projections,is relatively straight-forward,however,interpreting non-linear rock structures and complex facies geometries can be more challenging.To characterize diverse volcanic paleoenvironments related to the formation of the South American continent,this study presents a new methodology based on image logs,petrography,seismic data,and outcrop analogues.The presented methodology used pseudo-boreholes images generated from outcrop photographs with typical igneous rock features worldwide simulating 2D unwrapped cylinder projections of a 31 cm(12.25 in)diameter well.These synthetic images and standard outcrop photographs were used to define morphological patterns of igneous structures and facies for comparison with wireline borehole image logs from subsurface volcanic and subvolcanic units,providing a“visual scale”for geological evaluation of volcanic facies,significantly enhancing the identification efficiency and reliability of complex geological structures.Our analysis focused on various scales of columnar jointing and pillow lava lobes with additional examples including pahoehoe lava,ignimbrite,hyaloclastite,and various intrusive features in Campos,Santos,and Parnaíba basins in Brazil.This approach increases confidence in the interpretation of subvolcanic,subaerial,and subaqueous deposits.The image log interpretation combined with regional geological knowledge has enabled paleoenvironmental insights into the rift magmatism system related to the breakup of Gondwana with associated implications for hydrocarbon exploration.展开更多
The volcanic rocks of the Xiong’er Group are situated in the southern margin of the North China Craton(NCC).Research on the Xiong er Group is important to understand the tectonic evolution of the NCC and the Columbia...The volcanic rocks of the Xiong’er Group are situated in the southern margin of the North China Craton(NCC).Research on the Xiong er Group is important to understand the tectonic evolution of the NCC and the Columbia supercontinent during the Paleoproterozoic.In this study,to constrain the age of the Xiong’er volcanic rocks and identify its tectonic environment,we report zircon LA-ICP-MS data with Hf isotope,whole-rock major and trace element compositions and Sr-Nd-Pb-Hf isotopes of the volcanic rocks of the Xiong’er Group.The Xiong’er volcanic rocks mainly consist of basaltic andesite,andesite.dacite and rhyolite,with minor basalt.Our new sets of data combined with those from previous studies indicate that Xiong’er volcanism should have lasted from 1827 Ma to 1746 Ma as the major phase of the volcanism.These volcanics have extremely low MgO.Cr and Ni contents,are enriched in LREEs and LILEs but depleted in HFSEs(Nb,Ta,and Ti),similar to arc-related volcanic rocks.They are characterized by negative zirconεHft values of-17.4 to 8.8,whole-rock initial 87Sr/86Sr values of 0.7023 to 0.7177 andεNd(t)values of-10.9 to 6.4.and Pb isotopes(206Pb/204Pb=14.366-16.431,207Pb/204Pb=15.106-15.371,208Pb/204Pb=32.455-37.422).The available elemental and Sr-Nd-Pb-Hf isotope data suggest that the Xiong’er volcanic rocks were sourced from a mantle contaminated by continental crust.The volcanic rocks of the Xiong’er Group might have been generated by high-degree partial melting of a lithospheric mantle that was originally modified by oceanic subduction in the Archean.Thus,we suggest that the subduction-modified lithospheric mantle occurred in an extensional setting during the breakup of the Columbia supercontinent in the Late Paleoproterozoic,rather than in an arc setting.展开更多
Zircon U-Pb ages and geochemical analytical results are presented for the volcanic rocks of the Naozhigou, Ergulazi, and Sidaogou Formations in the Linjiang area, southeastern Jilin Province to constrain the nature of...Zircon U-Pb ages and geochemical analytical results are presented for the volcanic rocks of the Naozhigou, Ergulazi, and Sidaogou Formations in the Linjiang area, southeastern Jilin Province to constrain the nature of magma source and their tectonic settings. The Naozhigou Formation is composed mainly of andesite and rhyolite and its weighted mean ^206pb/^238U age for 13 zircon grains is 222±1 Ma. The Ergulazi Formation consists of basaltic andesite, basaltic trachyandesite, and andesite, and six grains give a weighted mean ^206pb/^238U age of 131±4 Ma. The Sidaogou Formation consists mainly of trachyandesite and rhyolite, and six zircon grains yield a weighted mean ^206pb/^238U age of 113±4 Ma. The volcanic rocks have SIO2=60.24%-77.46%, MGO=0.36%-1.29% （Mg#=0.32-0.40） for the Naozhigou Formation, SIO2=51.60%-59.32%, MGO=3.70%-5.54% （Mg#=0.50-0.60） for the Ergulazi Formation, and SIO2=58.28%-76.32%, MGO=0.07%-1.20% （Mg#=0.14-0.46） for the Sidaogou Formation. The trace element analytical results indicate that these volcanic rocks are characterized by enrichment in light rare earth elements （LREEs） and large ion lithophile elements （LILEs）, relative depletion in heavy rare earth elements （HREEs） and high field strength elements （HFSEs, Nb, Ta, and Ti）, and negative Eu anomalies. Compared with the primitive mantle, the Mesozoic volcanic rocks in the Linjiang area have relatively high initial ^87Sr/^86Sr ratios （0.7053-0.7083） and low εNd（t） values （-8.38 to -2.43）, and display an EMⅡ trend. The late Triassic magma for the Naozhigou Formation could be derived from partial melting of a newly accretional crust with the minor involvement of the North China Craton basement and formed under an extensional environment after the collision of the Yangtze Craton and the North China Craton. The Early Cretaceous volcanic rocks for the Ergulazi and Sidaogou Formations could be formed under the tectonic setting of an active continental margin related to the westward subduction of the Izanagi plate.展开更多
Mesoproterozoic volcanic rocks occurring in the north of the western Kunlun Mountains can be divided into two groups. The first group (north belt) is an reversely-evolved bimodal series. Petrochemistry shows that the ...Mesoproterozoic volcanic rocks occurring in the north of the western Kunlun Mountains can be divided into two groups. The first group (north belt) is an reversely-evolved bimodal series. Petrochemistry shows that the alkalinity of the rocks decreases from early to late: alkaline→calc-alkaline→tholeiite, and geochemistry proves that the volcanic rocks were formed in rifting tectonic systems. The sedimentary facies shows characteristics of back-arc basins. The second (south belt) group, which occurs to the south of Yutian-Minfeng-Cele, is composed of calc-alkaline island arc (basaltic) andesite and minor rhyolite. The space distribution, age and geochemistry of the two volcanite groups indicate that they were formed in a back-arc basin (the first group) and an island arc (the second group) respectively and indicate the plate evolution during the Mesoproterozoic. The orogeny took place at -1.05 Ga, which was coeval with the Grenville orogeny. This study has provided important geological data for exploring the position of the Paleo-Tarim plate in the Rodinia super-continent.展开更多
An integrated study of zircon U-Pb geochronology and petrochemistry, together with zircon Lu-Hf isotopes, has been carried out on the basaltic-andesitic tuff and volcanic breccia from the Nam Hang Formation and andesi...An integrated study of zircon U-Pb geochronology and petrochemistry, together with zircon Lu-Hf isotopes, has been carried out on the basaltic-andesitic tuff and volcanic breccia from the Nam Hang Formation and andesitic tuff from the Muang-Nan Formation in the Xaignabouli area, which had been mapped as the Permian–Early Triassic on the 1 : 1 000 000 geological map or Late Carboniferous on the 1 : 200 000 geological maps. Zircon U-Pb dating of three samples yielded weighted mean ages of 235±2.6, 232±1.4 and 278±2.8 Ma, respectively, suggesting a Late Triassic origin for the Nam Hang Formation and an Early Permian origin for the Muang-Nan Formation. Geochemically, they are characterized by depletions in HFSEs(e.g., Nb, Ta, Ti) and high LILE/HFSE ratios, and they have positive zircon ε_(Hf)(t) values of 8.7–15.9, which exhibits the continental arc volcanic affinity and partial melting of subducting oceanic slab in the magma source. Combined with spatial occurrence of the volcanic rock and existing geochronological and geochemical data, we suggest that the Xaignabouli-Luang Prabang volcanic belt can be linked to the Loei-Phetchabun belt. The Permian–Triassic volcanic rocks in this belt might be a product of the Nan back-arc basin eastward subduction.展开更多
Zircon U-Pb ages and geochemical data of volcanic rocks in the Suifenhe Formation in eastern Heilongjiang Province are reported, and their petrogenesis is discussed in this paper. The Suifenhe Formation mainly consist...Zircon U-Pb ages and geochemical data of volcanic rocks in the Suifenhe Formation in eastern Heilongjiang Province are reported, and their petrogenesis is discussed in this paper. The Suifenhe Formation mainly consists of basalt, andesite, and dacite. Zircon from andesite and dacite are euhedral in shape and show typical oscillatory zoning with high Th/U ratios （0.18-0.57）, implying its magmatic origin. Zircon U-Pb dating results by laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometer （LA-ICP-MS） indicate that the ^206Pb/^238U ages of zircons from andesite range within 105- 106 Ma, yielding a weighted mean age of 105.5±0.8 Ma （n=14）, and that ^206pb/^238U ages of zircons from dacite are between 90-96 Ma, yielding a weighted mean age of 93.2±1.3 Ma （n =13）. The volcanic rocks from the Snifenhe Formation are subalkaline series and show a calc-alkaline evolutionary trend with SiO2 content of 47.69%-65.47%, MgO contents of 1.42%-6.80% （Mg^#= 45-53）, and Na2O/K2O ratios of 1.83-3.63. They are characterized by enrichment in large ion lithophile elements （LILE） and lightrare-earth elements （LREE）, depletion in heavy rare earth elements （HREE） and high field strength elements （HFSE） （e.g., Nb, Ta, Ti）, and low initial ^87Sr/^86Sr ratios （0.7041-0.7057） and positive εNd（t） ValUes （0.39-4.08）, implying that they could be derived from a depleted magma source. Taken together, these results suggest that the primary magma of the volcanic rocks might originate from partial melting of the mantle wedge metasomatized by fluids derived from subducted slab under a tectonic setting of active continental margin.展开更多
Based on comprehensive analysis of the drilling core, slice analysis, FMI image well log- ging and other well logging data, the features of the Carboniferous volcanic rocks fracture reservoirs in Hongshanzui oilfield...Based on comprehensive analysis of the drilling core, slice analysis, FMI image well log- ging and other well logging data, the features of the Carboniferous volcanic rocks fracture reservoirs in Hongshanzui oilfield of Junggar Basin have been studied. According to contributing factor, the fracture reservoirs were divided into diagenetic fractures, tectonic fractures, weathered fractures and dissolving fractures. And the diagenetic fractures were further divided into three subclasses of conden- sation contraction fractures, intergravel fractures and intercrystal fractures. The fracture reservoirs were also divided into 4 categories, such as high-angle fractures, oblique fractures, mesh fractures and low-angle fractures according to fracture attitude. With the FMI image logging and other Jogging in- formation, the scale logging by the core method was adopted, our study shows that the fracture of tuff was the most developed, and the fracture density can be reached 11.46 bar/m, followed by the lava, and the sedimentary rock fracture was the lowest level. The fractures thickness in the region of 300 m apart from weather crust was accounted for 80.3% of the total thickness. Because of image logging data is li- mited, the method of drilling wells trajectory to calculate the fracture trend was proposed. The fracture trend was divided into two groups NE and NW. The secondary pore-fracture forming and distribution were controlled by fracture system, formed the beneficial passage system of the oil and gas, the fracture system was the key factor in restricting oil and gas accumulation, and was crucial for the volcanic rocks reservoirs.展开更多
The Early Neoproterozoic Beiyixi Formation volcanic rocks of the southern Quruqtagh comprise mainly of a suite of tholeiitic basalts, alkaline andesites, and calc-alkaline rhyolites. The rhyolites are characterized by...The Early Neoproterozoic Beiyixi Formation volcanic rocks of the southern Quruqtagh comprise mainly of a suite of tholeiitic basalts, alkaline andesites, and calc-alkaline rhyolites. The rhyolites are characterized by variably fractionated enrichment in light rare earth elements （LREE） and fiat in heavy rare earth elements （HREE）, and strongly negative Eu anomalies. Compared to the rhyolites, the andesites also exhibit enrichment in LREE and flat HREE （chondrite-normalized values of La/Yb,and La/Sm are 13.30-41.09, 3.18-6.89 respectively）. Their rare earth element patterns display minor negative Eu anomalies. Both of them exhibit coherent patterns with strongly to moderately negative anomalies of Nb, Zr, Ti, and Hf on spider diagrams. Two rhyolite and one andesite magmatic zircons with defined oscillatory zoning yielded weighted mean 206pb/23Su ages of 743 ± 7 Ma, 741±2 Ma, and 7274 Ma. These ages are interpreted to represent the timing of volcanic eruptions. According to geochemistry and rock type, these volcanic rocks formed within a continental island-arc environment following subduction of the oceanic crust during the Early Neoproterozoic period.展开更多
Volcanic rocks both from the northern East China Sea （NECS） shelf margin and the northern Okinawa Trough are subalkaline less aluminous,and lower in High Field Strength Elements （HFSE）.These rocks are higher in La...Volcanic rocks both from the northern East China Sea （NECS） shelf margin and the northern Okinawa Trough are subalkaline less aluminous,and lower in High Field Strength Elements （HFSE）.These rocks are higher in Large Ion Lithophile Elements （LILE）,thorium and uranium contents,positive lead anomalies,negative Nb-Ta anomalies,and enrichment in Light Rare Earth Elements （LREE）.Basalts from the NECS shelf margin are akin to Indian Ocean Mid-Ocean Ridge Basalt （MORB）,and rhyolites from the northern Okinawa Trough have the highest 207 Pb/ 204 Pb and 208 Pb/ 204 Pb ratios.The NECS shelf margin basalts have lower 87 Sr/ 86 Sr ratios,ε N d and σ 18 O than the northern Okinawa Trough silicic rocks.According to 40 K– 40 Ar isotopic ages of basalts from the NECS shelf margin,rifting of the Okinawa Trough may have been active since at least 3.65–3.86 Ma.The origin of the NECS shelf margin basalt can be explained by the interaction of melt derived from Indian Ocean MORB-like mantle with enriched subcontinental lithosphere.The basalts from both sides of the Okinawa Trough may have a similar origin during the initial rifting of the Okinawa Trough,and the formation of basaltic magmas closely relates to the thinning of continental crust.The source of the formation of the northern Okinawa Trough silicic rocks was different from that of the middle Okinawa Trough,which could have been generated by the interaction of basaltic melt with an enriched crustal component.From the Ryukyu island arc to East China,the Cenozoic basalts have apparently increasing trends of MgO contents and ratios of LREE to Heavy Rare Earth Elements （HREE）,suggesting that the trace element variabilities of basalts may have been influenced by the subduction of the Philippine Sea plate,and that the effects of subduction of the Philippine Sea plate on the chemical composition of basaltic melts have had a decreasing effect from the Ryukyu island arc to East China.展开更多
Five volcanic rock samples and two granite samples taken from the volcanic basins in western Fujian and southern Jiangxi were dated by using the zircon laser albation-inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry U-Pb ...Five volcanic rock samples and two granite samples taken from the volcanic basins in western Fujian and southern Jiangxi were dated by using the zircon laser albation-inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry U-Pb method. Together with previously dated ages, the dates obtained provide important constraints on the timing of late Mesozoic tectonic events in SE China. The volcanic rock samples yield ages of 183.1±3.5 Ma, ca. 141 Ma to 135.8±1.1 Ma, 100.4±1.5 to 97.6±1.1 Ma, confirming three episodes of late Mesozoic volcanic activities, which peaked at 180±5 Ma, 140±5 Ma and 100±5 Ma, respectively, along the Wuyishan belt. Moreover, based on field investigations of these volcano-sedimentary basins, we have recognized two compressional tectonic events along this belt. The early one was characterized by Upper Triassic to Middle Jurassic NNE-trending folds that were intruded by late Jurassic granites; and the late one caused the Lower Cretaceous volcano-sedimentary layer to be tilted. The dated age 152.9±1.4 Ma of the granitic samples from the Hetian granitic pluton in the Changting Basin and that from the Baishiding granitic pluton, 100.2±1.8 Ma, in the Jianning Basin, give the upper boundaries of these two tectonic events respectively. Hence, the late Mesozoic tectonic evolution of SE China was alternated between extension and compression.展开更多
The Laojiezi alkaline volcanic rocks, which are located in the intraplate region of the Yangtze craton, coincide with the formation of the Jinshajiang-Ailaoshan-Red River alkaline rock belt. Although this belt has bee...The Laojiezi alkaline volcanic rocks, which are located in the intraplate region of the Yangtze craton, coincide with the formation of the Jinshajiang-Ailaoshan-Red River alkaline rock belt. Although this belt has been widely studied by geologists because of its porphyry-related Pb-Ag-Au polymetallic deposit and geotectonic location, the material sources of this belt are still debate. Whole-rock analyses show that these rocks have high total alkali contents(3.73–11.08 wt%), and their aluminum saturation index(ASI) values widely vary from 0.82 to 3.07, which comprise a metaluminous-peraluminous magma series. These rocks are characterized by high K(K2 O/Na2 O>1) and low Ti and Mg contents; enrichment in large-ion lithophile elements, such as Rb, Ba, K and light rare earth elements; and depletion in high field strength elements, such as Ta, Nb, P, and Ti. These rocks exhibit moderate Eu(Eu/Eu*=0.86–1.04) and Ce(Ce/Ce*=0.63–0.96) anomalies. Their(87 Sr/86 Sr)i, εNd(t), zircon εHf(t) and δ18 O values range from 0.70839 to 0.71013, from-10.16 to-12.45, from-19.6 to-5.8, and from 5.69‰ to 8.54‰, respectively, and their Nd and Hf two-stage model ages(TDM2) are 1.67–1.86 Ga and 1.27–2.02 Ga, respectively. These data reflect the primary partial melting of Paleoproterozoic to Mesoproterozoic lower crust with minor residual continental lithospheric mantle and supracrustal metasediments. The lithosphere was likely thickened along the southeastern margin of the Tibetan Plateau following the Indian-Asian continentcontinent collision(65–41 Ma). During the post-collision phase(36–16 Ma), the transition from a compressional to extensional setting triggered the convective removal of the over-thickened CLM beneath the Yangtze craton, which led to the upwelling of asthenospheric materials. This process created alkali-rich and high-K magma through the partial melting of the thickened lower crust. Magma that carried Cu-Au-Pb-Ag minerals was emplaced by strike-slip motion along the E-to W-or ENE-to WSWtrending tectonically weak zone, finally forming an alkaline porphyry Cu-Au-Pb-Ag polymetallic deposit.展开更多
Volcanic rocks in the study area, including dacite, trachyandesite and mugearite, belong to the intermediate-acid, high-K calc-alkaline series, and possess the characteristics of adakite. The geochemistry of the rocks...Volcanic rocks in the study area, including dacite, trachyandesite and mugearite, belong to the intermediate-acid, high-K calc-alkaline series, and possess the characteristics of adakite. The geochemistry of the rocks shows that the rocks are characterized by SiO2>59%, enrichment in A12O3(15.09-15.64%) and Na2O (>3.6%), high Sr (649-885 μg/g) and Sc, low Y contents (<17 μg/g), depletion in HREE (Yb<1.22 μg/g), (La/Yb)N>25, Sr/Y>40, MgO<3% (Mg<0.35), weak Eu anomaly (Eu/Eu=0.84-0.94), and lack of the high field strength elements (HFSE) (Nb, Ta, Ti, etc.). The Nd and Sr isotope data (87Sr/86Sr=0.7062-0.7079, 143Nd/144Nd=0.51166-0.51253, εNd= -18.61-0.02), show that the magma resulted from partial melting (10%-40%) of newly underplated basaltic lower crust under high pressure (1-4 GPa), and the petrogenesis is obviously affected by the crust's assimilation and fractional crystallization (AFC). This research will give an insight into the uplift mechanism of the Tibetan plateau.展开更多
Comparing compositions of the fluid inclusions in volcanic rocks to the contents and isotopes of the gases in corresponding volcanic reservoirs using microthermometry, Raman microspectroscopy and mass spectrum analysi...Comparing compositions of the fluid inclusions in volcanic rocks to the contents and isotopes of the gases in corresponding volcanic reservoirs using microthermometry, Raman microspectroscopy and mass spectrum analysis, we found that： （1） up to 82 mole% methane exists in the primary inclusions hosted in the reservoir volcanic rocks; （2） high CH4 inclusions recognized in the volcanic rocks correspond to CH4-bcaring CO2 reservoirs that are rich in helium and with a high ^3He/^4He ratio and which show reversed order of 813C in alkane; （3） in gas reservoirs of such abiotic methane （〉80%） and a mix of CH4 and CO2, the enclosed content of CH4 in the volcanic inclusions is usually below 42 mole%, and the reversed order of δ^13C in alkane is sometimes irregular in the corresponding gas pools; （4） a glassy inclusion with a homogeneous temperature over 900℃ also contains a small portion of CH4 although predominantly CO2. This affinity between gas pool and content of inclusion in the same volcanic reservoirs demonstrates that magma-originated gases, both CH4 and CO2, have contributed significantly to the corresponding gas pools and that the assumed hydrocarbon budget of the bulk earth might be much larger than conventionally supposed.展开更多
The volcanic rocks from the Sayabouli area in northwestern Laos have been poorly studied. These volcanic rocks are traditionally mapped as the Permian–Early Triassic sequences on the geological map. One basaltic-ande...The volcanic rocks from the Sayabouli area in northwestern Laos have been poorly studied. These volcanic rocks are traditionally mapped as the Permian–Early Triassic sequences on the geological map. One basaltic-andesite from the Sayabouli area yields a zircon U-Pb age of 237.7±1.7 Ma, suggesting a Middle Triassic origin. All basalt and basaltic-andesite samples from the Sayabouli area show depletions in HFSEs（e.g., Nb, Ta, Ti） and have high LILE/HFSE ratios, and exhibit the geochemical affinity to the continental arc volcanic rocks and are geochemically similar to the continental arc volcanic rocks from the Phetchabun belt in northeastern Thailand, suggesting a Late Permian–Middle Triassic continental margin in the Sayabouli area of northwestern Laos and Phetchabun area of northeastern Thailand. Our data indicate that the Phetchabun arc volcanic belt through the western Loei sub-belt can be linked to the Sayabouli area in northwestern Laos.展开更多
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.41172202,No.41190073 and No.41302178)China Geological Survey(Grant No.1212011121256)+2 种基金National Basic Research Program of China(2014CB440901)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities to SYSUState Key Laboratory of Geological Processes and Mineral Resources,China University of Geosciences in Wuhan(MSFGPMR201402)
文摘The meta-basic volcanic rocks in the Tengtiaohe Zone yield zircon U–Pb ages of 258.8±2.5 Ma and 259.2±1.8 Ma, respectively which agree with the ages of flood basalts of ELIP and are similar to the basaltic rocks and komatiites from the Song Da Zone in northern Vietnam. The results suggest that the age of meta-basic volcanic rocks is Late Permian, rather than the Early Permian or Early Carboniferous ages as previously inferred. Most meta-basic volcanic rocks are strongly enriched in LREEs relative to HREEs and display trace element patterns similar to the ELIP high-Ti basalts, and are enriched in LILEs with negative Sr anomalies. Their initial 87^Sr/86^Sr ratios range from 0.705974 to 0.706188 and εNd（t） from-0.82 to-2.11. Their magmas were derived from an enriched and deep mantle source without significant crustal contamination. These meta-basic volcanic rocks formed in ELIP. Therefore, the Tengtiaohe Zone is not an ophiolite zone and can link to the Song Da Zone in northern Vietnam.
基金supported by The Special Funds for Natural Resource Development in Jiangsu Province(2200113-35)The Central Financial Geological Survey Project of the China Geological Survey(DD20230800702).
文摘The Ning-Wu Basin is an important part of the Middle-Lower Yangtze River Metallogenic Belt in eastern China.It contains well-preserved Mesozoic volcanic sequences that document significant geodynamic evolution.However,uncertainties surrounding the ages of eruptions and the temporal relationships between the four main volcanic cycles—the Longwangshan,Dawangshan,Gushan and Niangniangshan formations—have hindered our understanding of magmatic pulsation and its connection to iron mineralisation.Here,high-precision LA-ICP-MS zircon U-Pb dating of four fresh volcanic samples(one per formation)reveals weighted mean ages of 132.3±1.0 Ma(Longwangshan;MSWD=1.3),130.4±1.6 Ma(Dawangshan;MSWD=1.3),128.1±1.9 Ma(Gushan;MSWD=2.0)and 127.2±1.1 Ma(Niangniangshan;MSWD=0.23).These dates constrain volcanic activity to the Early Cretaceous Valanginian-Hauterivian interval and show a systematic trend of increasingly younger ages spanning~8 Ma(133-125 Ma).This magmatism can be subdivided into three phases:initiation(133-132 Ma),peak activity(132-130 Ma)and cessation(128-125 Ma).The episodic volcanism correlates with the accelerating rollback of the Pacific subduction zone,which drives crustal melting and asthenospheric upwelling.Notably,these cycles supplied the thermal energy,fluids and iron-rich melts that were essential for the formation of porphyritic iron deposits in the basin.By establishing a highresolution chronostratigraphic framework,this study sheds light on the spatiotemporal evolution of the Ning-Wu Basin,elucidating the coupling between crust-mantle dynamics,volcanic cyclicity and ore-forming processes across eastern China’s metallogenic belt.
基金Supported by the the National Natural Science Foundation of China(U24B2017)。
文摘The Mesozoic volcanic rocks of the Bodong Low Uplift in the Bohai Bay Basin have been studied and explored for years.In 2024,the LK7-A well drilled in this region tested high-yield oil and gas flows from volcanic weathered crust.These volcanic rocks need to be further investigated in terms of distribution patterns,conditions for forming high-quality reservoirs,and main factors controlling hydrocarbon accumulation.Based on the logging,geochemical and mineralogical data from wells newly drilled to the Mesozoic volcanic rocks in the basin,and high-resolution 3D seismic data,a comprehensive study was conducted for this area.The research findings are as follows.First,the volcanic rocks in the LK7-A structure are adakites with a large source area depth,and the deep and large faults have provided channels for the emplacement of intermediate-acidic volcanic rocks.Second,volcanic rock reservoirs are mainly distributed in tectonic breccias and intermediate-acidic lavas,and they are dominantly fractured-porous reservoirs,with high-porosity and low-permeability or medium-porosity and low-permeability.Third,the dominant lithologies/lithofacies is the basic condition for forming large-scale volcanic rock reservoirs.Structural fractures and late-stage strong weathering are crucial mechanisms for the formation scale of reservoirs in the Mesozoic volcanic rocks.Fourth,the Bodong Low Uplift exhibits strong hydrocarbon charging by two sags and overpressure mudstone capping,which are favorable for forming high-abundance oil and gas reservoirs.The Mesozoic volcanic buried hills in the study area reflect good trap geometry,providing favorable conditions for large-scale reservoir formation,and also excellent migration and accumulation conditions.Areas with long-term exposure of intermediate-acidic volcanic rocks,particularly in active structural regions,are the key targets for future exploration.
基金Supported by Key Scientific and Technological Projects of Sinopec(No.P21104-2).
文摘The pore structure of rocks significantly influences the porosity and permeability of reservoirs and the migration ability of oil and gas,and being the key task on the development of volcanic gas reservoirs.Nine volcanic rock samples from the Yingcheng Formation and Huoshiling Formation in the Longfengshan area of the Changling Fault Depression in the Songliao Basin were selected for this study.The pore structures of the volcanic rocks in the study area were investigated using high-pressure mercury injection,X-ray diffraction combined with fractal theory.The relationships between the fractal dimension and physical properties characteristics,pore structure parameters,and mineral content were analyzed to provide guidance for the development of volcanic rock gas reservoirs.The results show that the reservoir can be divided into 3 types(I,II,and III)based on the shape of the capillary pressure curve,and the physical properties deteriorate successively.Different types of reservoirs exhibit different fractal characteristics.For typesⅠ,ⅡandⅢ,the average total fractal dimensions were 2.3418,2.6850,and 2.9203,respectively.The larger the fractal dimension,the stronger the heterogeneity of reservoir.A small number of macro-pores primarily contributed to permeability.The fractal dimension was negatively correlated with porosity and permeability.The fractal dimension of the rock was strongly correlated with quartz and feldspar contents,and the mineral composition and content are closely related to the pore evolution of the reservoir,which are the internal factors affecting the fractal dimension of volcanic rock.
基金Supported by the National Science and Technology Major Project of China(2017ZX05009-002)National Natural Science Foundation of China(41772090)。
文摘Based on sedimentary characteristics of the fine-grained rocks of the lower submember of second member of the Lower Cretaceous Shahezi Formation(K_(1)sh_(2)^(L))in the Lishu rift depression,combined with methods of organic petrology,analysis of major and trace elements as well as biological marker compound,the enrichment conditions and enrichment model of organic matter in the fine-grained sedimentary rocks in volcanic rift lacustrine basin are investigated.The change of sedimentary paleoenvironment controls the vertical distribution of different lithofacies types in the K_(1)sh_(2)^(L)and divides it into the upper and lower parts.The lower part contains massive siliceous mudstone with bioclast-bearing siliceous mudstone,whereas the upper part is mostly composed of laminated siliceous shale and laminated fine-grained mixed shale.The kerogen types of organic matter in the lower and upper parts are typesⅡ_(2)–Ⅲand typesⅠ–Ⅱ_(1),respectively.The organic carbon content in the upper part is higher than that in the lower part generally.The enrichment of organic matter in volcanic rift lacustrine basin is subjected to three favorable conditions.First,continuous enhancement of rifting is the direct factor increasing the paleo-water depth,and the rise of base level leads to the expansion of deep-water mudstone/shale deposition range.Second,relatively strong underwater volcanic eruption and rifting are simultaneous,and such event can provide a lot of nutrients for the lake basin,which is conducive to the bloom of algae,resulting in higher productivity of typesⅠ–Ⅱ_(1)kerogen.Third,the relatively dry paleoclimate leads to a decrease in input of fresh water and terrestrial materials,including TypeⅢkerogen from terrestrial higher plants,resulting in a water body with higher salinity and anoxic stratification,which is more favorable for preservation of organic matter.The organic matter enrichment model of fine-grained sedimentary rocks of volcanic rift lacustrine basin is established,which is of reference significance to the understanding of the organic matter enrichment mechanism of fine-grained sedimentary rocks of Shahezi Formation in Songliao Basin and even in the northeast China.
基金funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.42172145)Natural Science Foundation of Heilongjiang Provincial(No.LH2022D014)。
文摘Volcanic reservoirs demonstrate strong heterogeneity and substantial variations in productivity due to the complexity of volcanic eruption and lithology.The main types of reservoir space are not clear,and the dominant lithofacies distribution,particularly the favorable areas for high-quality reservoirs,remains to be determined.In this paper,the Huoshiling Formation in the Dehui faulted depression,Songliao Basin is taken as an example to carry out the multi-scale joint characterization of its pore throat structure,establish a reservoir evaluation standard that considers both the gas content and seepage capacity,and perform reservoir evaluation and play fairway mapping under facies control.The results show that the storage space types of the gas-bearing reservoirs in the faulted depression can be ascribed into three categories and six subcategories according to the pore throat and pore characteristics.In terms of pore sizes,volcaniclastic lava rank the first,followed by volcaniclastic rocks,sedimentary volcaniclastic rocks and volcanic lava.The comprehensive evaluation parameter(Φ·K·Sg,whereΦis porosity,K permeability,and Sggas saturation)of high-quality reservoirs are all greater than 0.1.The volcanic reservoirs in the Stage-III strata are the highest in quality and largest in area of play fairways.The thermal debris flow sub-facies developed at Stage III are mainly seen along the western strike-slip fault zone in the Debei sub-sag and the southwest Nong'an tectonic belt,while those developed at Stage I are distributed along the central and eastern fault zones in the southeastern Baojia sub-sag.The favorable layer evaluation and favorable area delineation under facies control will be of certain reference significance for subsequent exploration and development of volcanic gas reservoirs.
文摘Conventional borehole image log interpretation of linear fractures on volcanic rocks,represented as sinusoids on unwrapped cylinder projections,is relatively straight-forward,however,interpreting non-linear rock structures and complex facies geometries can be more challenging.To characterize diverse volcanic paleoenvironments related to the formation of the South American continent,this study presents a new methodology based on image logs,petrography,seismic data,and outcrop analogues.The presented methodology used pseudo-boreholes images generated from outcrop photographs with typical igneous rock features worldwide simulating 2D unwrapped cylinder projections of a 31 cm(12.25 in)diameter well.These synthetic images and standard outcrop photographs were used to define morphological patterns of igneous structures and facies for comparison with wireline borehole image logs from subsurface volcanic and subvolcanic units,providing a“visual scale”for geological evaluation of volcanic facies,significantly enhancing the identification efficiency and reliability of complex geological structures.Our analysis focused on various scales of columnar jointing and pillow lava lobes with additional examples including pahoehoe lava,ignimbrite,hyaloclastite,and various intrusive features in Campos,Santos,and Parnaíba basins in Brazil.This approach increases confidence in the interpretation of subvolcanic,subaerial,and subaqueous deposits.The image log interpretation combined with regional geological knowledge has enabled paleoenvironmental insights into the rift magmatism system related to the breakup of Gondwana with associated implications for hydrocarbon exploration.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.41872080)the National Basic Research Program of China(Grant No.2015CB452603)+1 种基金the MOST Special Fund from the State Key Laboratory of Geological Processes and Mineral Resources,China University of Geosciences(Beijing)(Grant No.MSFGPMR201804)and the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities of China(Grant Nos.2652016077,2652017223)
文摘The volcanic rocks of the Xiong’er Group are situated in the southern margin of the North China Craton(NCC).Research on the Xiong er Group is important to understand the tectonic evolution of the NCC and the Columbia supercontinent during the Paleoproterozoic.In this study,to constrain the age of the Xiong’er volcanic rocks and identify its tectonic environment,we report zircon LA-ICP-MS data with Hf isotope,whole-rock major and trace element compositions and Sr-Nd-Pb-Hf isotopes of the volcanic rocks of the Xiong’er Group.The Xiong’er volcanic rocks mainly consist of basaltic andesite,andesite.dacite and rhyolite,with minor basalt.Our new sets of data combined with those from previous studies indicate that Xiong’er volcanism should have lasted from 1827 Ma to 1746 Ma as the major phase of the volcanism.These volcanics have extremely low MgO.Cr and Ni contents,are enriched in LREEs and LILEs but depleted in HFSEs(Nb,Ta,and Ti),similar to arc-related volcanic rocks.They are characterized by negative zirconεHft values of-17.4 to 8.8,whole-rock initial 87Sr/86Sr values of 0.7023 to 0.7177 andεNd(t)values of-10.9 to 6.4.and Pb isotopes(206Pb/204Pb=14.366-16.431,207Pb/204Pb=15.106-15.371,208Pb/204Pb=32.455-37.422).The available elemental and Sr-Nd-Pb-Hf isotope data suggest that the Xiong’er volcanic rocks were sourced from a mantle contaminated by continental crust.The volcanic rocks of the Xiong’er Group might have been generated by high-degree partial melting of a lithospheric mantle that was originally modified by oceanic subduction in the Archean.Thus,we suggest that the subduction-modified lithospheric mantle occurred in an extensional setting during the breakup of the Columbia supercontinent in the Late Paleoproterozoic,rather than in an arc setting.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.40672038).
文摘Zircon U-Pb ages and geochemical analytical results are presented for the volcanic rocks of the Naozhigou, Ergulazi, and Sidaogou Formations in the Linjiang area, southeastern Jilin Province to constrain the nature of magma source and their tectonic settings. The Naozhigou Formation is composed mainly of andesite and rhyolite and its weighted mean ^206pb/^238U age for 13 zircon grains is 222±1 Ma. The Ergulazi Formation consists of basaltic andesite, basaltic trachyandesite, and andesite, and six grains give a weighted mean ^206pb/^238U age of 131±4 Ma. The Sidaogou Formation consists mainly of trachyandesite and rhyolite, and six zircon grains yield a weighted mean ^206pb/^238U age of 113±4 Ma. The volcanic rocks have SIO2=60.24%-77.46%, MGO=0.36%-1.29% （Mg#=0.32-0.40） for the Naozhigou Formation, SIO2=51.60%-59.32%, MGO=3.70%-5.54% （Mg#=0.50-0.60） for the Ergulazi Formation, and SIO2=58.28%-76.32%, MGO=0.07%-1.20% （Mg#=0.14-0.46） for the Sidaogou Formation. The trace element analytical results indicate that these volcanic rocks are characterized by enrichment in light rare earth elements （LREEs） and large ion lithophile elements （LILEs）, relative depletion in heavy rare earth elements （HREEs） and high field strength elements （HFSEs, Nb, Ta, and Ti）, and negative Eu anomalies. Compared with the primitive mantle, the Mesozoic volcanic rocks in the Linjiang area have relatively high initial ^87Sr/^86Sr ratios （0.7053-0.7083） and low εNd（t） values （-8.38 to -2.43）, and display an EMⅡ trend. The late Triassic magma for the Naozhigou Formation could be derived from partial melting of a newly accretional crust with the minor involvement of the North China Craton basement and formed under an extensional environment after the collision of the Yangtze Craton and the North China Craton. The Early Cretaceous volcanic rocks for the Ergulazi and Sidaogou Formations could be formed under the tectonic setting of an active continental margin related to the westward subduction of the Izanagi plate.
文摘Mesoproterozoic volcanic rocks occurring in the north of the western Kunlun Mountains can be divided into two groups. The first group (north belt) is an reversely-evolved bimodal series. Petrochemistry shows that the alkalinity of the rocks decreases from early to late: alkaline→calc-alkaline→tholeiite, and geochemistry proves that the volcanic rocks were formed in rifting tectonic systems. The sedimentary facies shows characteristics of back-arc basins. The second (south belt) group, which occurs to the south of Yutian-Minfeng-Cele, is composed of calc-alkaline island arc (basaltic) andesite and minor rhyolite. The space distribution, age and geochemistry of the two volcanite groups indicate that they were formed in a back-arc basin (the first group) and an island arc (the second group) respectively and indicate the plate evolution during the Mesoproterozoic. The orogeny took place at -1.05 Ga, which was coeval with the Grenville orogeny. This study has provided important geological data for exploring the position of the Paleo-Tarim plate in the Rodinia super-continent.
基金financially supported by the China Geological Survey (No. 121201010000150013)
文摘An integrated study of zircon U-Pb geochronology and petrochemistry, together with zircon Lu-Hf isotopes, has been carried out on the basaltic-andesitic tuff and volcanic breccia from the Nam Hang Formation and andesitic tuff from the Muang-Nan Formation in the Xaignabouli area, which had been mapped as the Permian–Early Triassic on the 1 : 1 000 000 geological map or Late Carboniferous on the 1 : 200 000 geological maps. Zircon U-Pb dating of three samples yielded weighted mean ages of 235±2.6, 232±1.4 and 278±2.8 Ma, respectively, suggesting a Late Triassic origin for the Nam Hang Formation and an Early Permian origin for the Muang-Nan Formation. Geochemically, they are characterized by depletions in HFSEs(e.g., Nb, Ta, Ti) and high LILE/HFSE ratios, and they have positive zircon ε_(Hf)(t) values of 8.7–15.9, which exhibits the continental arc volcanic affinity and partial melting of subducting oceanic slab in the magma source. Combined with spatial occurrence of the volcanic rock and existing geochronological and geochemical data, we suggest that the Xaignabouli-Luang Prabang volcanic belt can be linked to the Loei-Phetchabun belt. The Permian–Triassic volcanic rocks in this belt might be a product of the Nan back-arc basin eastward subduction.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China （Grant No. 40672038） the Special Grant of 0il ＆ Gas Research （XQ-2004-07）.
文摘Zircon U-Pb ages and geochemical data of volcanic rocks in the Suifenhe Formation in eastern Heilongjiang Province are reported, and their petrogenesis is discussed in this paper. The Suifenhe Formation mainly consists of basalt, andesite, and dacite. Zircon from andesite and dacite are euhedral in shape and show typical oscillatory zoning with high Th/U ratios （0.18-0.57）, implying its magmatic origin. Zircon U-Pb dating results by laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometer （LA-ICP-MS） indicate that the ^206Pb/^238U ages of zircons from andesite range within 105- 106 Ma, yielding a weighted mean age of 105.5±0.8 Ma （n=14）, and that ^206pb/^238U ages of zircons from dacite are between 90-96 Ma, yielding a weighted mean age of 93.2±1.3 Ma （n =13）. The volcanic rocks from the Snifenhe Formation are subalkaline series and show a calc-alkaline evolutionary trend with SiO2 content of 47.69%-65.47%, MgO contents of 1.42%-6.80% （Mg^#= 45-53）, and Na2O/K2O ratios of 1.83-3.63. They are characterized by enrichment in large ion lithophile elements （LILE） and lightrare-earth elements （LREE）, depletion in heavy rare earth elements （HREE） and high field strength elements （HFSE） （e.g., Nb, Ta, Ti）, and low initial ^87Sr/^86Sr ratios （0.7041-0.7057） and positive εNd（t） ValUes （0.39-4.08）, implying that they could be derived from a depleted magma source. Taken together, these results suggest that the primary magma of the volcanic rocks might originate from partial melting of the mantle wedge metasomatized by fluids derived from subducted slab under a tectonic setting of active continental margin.
基金supported by the National Science and Tech-nology Major Project of China(No.2008ZX05002-005)
文摘Based on comprehensive analysis of the drilling core, slice analysis, FMI image well log- ging and other well logging data, the features of the Carboniferous volcanic rocks fracture reservoirs in Hongshanzui oilfield of Junggar Basin have been studied. According to contributing factor, the fracture reservoirs were divided into diagenetic fractures, tectonic fractures, weathered fractures and dissolving fractures. And the diagenetic fractures were further divided into three subclasses of conden- sation contraction fractures, intergravel fractures and intercrystal fractures. The fracture reservoirs were also divided into 4 categories, such as high-angle fractures, oblique fractures, mesh fractures and low-angle fractures according to fracture attitude. With the FMI image logging and other Jogging in- formation, the scale logging by the core method was adopted, our study shows that the fracture of tuff was the most developed, and the fracture density can be reached 11.46 bar/m, followed by the lava, and the sedimentary rock fracture was the lowest level. The fractures thickness in the region of 300 m apart from weather crust was accounted for 80.3% of the total thickness. Because of image logging data is li- mited, the method of drilling wells trajectory to calculate the fracture trend was proposed. The fracture trend was divided into two groups NE and NW. The secondary pore-fracture forming and distribution were controlled by fracture system, formed the beneficial passage system of the oil and gas, the fracture system was the key factor in restricting oil and gas accumulation, and was crucial for the volcanic rocks reservoirs.
基金supported by the"Fivesecond"National Science and Technology Support Program(No.2011BAB04B05)Technology and Development Project of China Petroleum & Chemical Zorporation(No.YPH08110)Chinese Geological Survey(No.1212011121091)
文摘The Early Neoproterozoic Beiyixi Formation volcanic rocks of the southern Quruqtagh comprise mainly of a suite of tholeiitic basalts, alkaline andesites, and calc-alkaline rhyolites. The rhyolites are characterized by variably fractionated enrichment in light rare earth elements （LREE） and fiat in heavy rare earth elements （HREE）, and strongly negative Eu anomalies. Compared to the rhyolites, the andesites also exhibit enrichment in LREE and flat HREE （chondrite-normalized values of La/Yb,and La/Sm are 13.30-41.09, 3.18-6.89 respectively）. Their rare earth element patterns display minor negative Eu anomalies. Both of them exhibit coherent patterns with strongly to moderately negative anomalies of Nb, Zr, Ti, and Hf on spider diagrams. Two rhyolite and one andesite magmatic zircons with defined oscillatory zoning yielded weighted mean 206pb/23Su ages of 743 ± 7 Ma, 741±2 Ma, and 7274 Ma. These ages are interpreted to represent the timing of volcanic eruptions. According to geochemistry and rock type, these volcanic rocks formed within a continental island-arc environment following subduction of the oceanic crust during the Early Neoproterozoic period.
基金The Pilot Project of Knowledge Innovation Project,Chinese Academy of Sciences under contract Nos KZCX2- YW-211 and KZCX3-SW-223the National Natural Science Foundation of China under contract Nos 40830849 and 40976027+1 种基金Shandong Province Natural Science Foundation of China for Distinguished Young Scholars under contract No.JQ200913the National Major Fundamental Research and Development Project under contract No.G2000046701
文摘Volcanic rocks both from the northern East China Sea （NECS） shelf margin and the northern Okinawa Trough are subalkaline less aluminous,and lower in High Field Strength Elements （HFSE）.These rocks are higher in Large Ion Lithophile Elements （LILE）,thorium and uranium contents,positive lead anomalies,negative Nb-Ta anomalies,and enrichment in Light Rare Earth Elements （LREE）.Basalts from the NECS shelf margin are akin to Indian Ocean Mid-Ocean Ridge Basalt （MORB）,and rhyolites from the northern Okinawa Trough have the highest 207 Pb/ 204 Pb and 208 Pb/ 204 Pb ratios.The NECS shelf margin basalts have lower 87 Sr/ 86 Sr ratios,ε N d and σ 18 O than the northern Okinawa Trough silicic rocks.According to 40 K– 40 Ar isotopic ages of basalts from the NECS shelf margin,rifting of the Okinawa Trough may have been active since at least 3.65–3.86 Ma.The origin of the NECS shelf margin basalt can be explained by the interaction of melt derived from Indian Ocean MORB-like mantle with enriched subcontinental lithosphere.The basalts from both sides of the Okinawa Trough may have a similar origin during the initial rifting of the Okinawa Trough,and the formation of basaltic magmas closely relates to the thinning of continental crust.The source of the formation of the northern Okinawa Trough silicic rocks was different from that of the middle Okinawa Trough,which could have been generated by the interaction of basaltic melt with an enriched crustal component.From the Ryukyu island arc to East China,the Cenozoic basalts have apparently increasing trends of MgO contents and ratios of LREE to Heavy Rare Earth Elements （HREE）,suggesting that the trace element variabilities of basalts may have been influenced by the subduction of the Philippine Sea plate,and that the effects of subduction of the Philippine Sea plate on the chemical composition of basaltic melts have had a decreasing effect from the Ryukyu island arc to East China.
基金funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(grant No. 40634022)
文摘Five volcanic rock samples and two granite samples taken from the volcanic basins in western Fujian and southern Jiangxi were dated by using the zircon laser albation-inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry U-Pb method. Together with previously dated ages, the dates obtained provide important constraints on the timing of late Mesozoic tectonic events in SE China. The volcanic rock samples yield ages of 183.1±3.5 Ma, ca. 141 Ma to 135.8±1.1 Ma, 100.4±1.5 to 97.6±1.1 Ma, confirming three episodes of late Mesozoic volcanic activities, which peaked at 180±5 Ma, 140±5 Ma and 100±5 Ma, respectively, along the Wuyishan belt. Moreover, based on field investigations of these volcano-sedimentary basins, we have recognized two compressional tectonic events along this belt. The early one was characterized by Upper Triassic to Middle Jurassic NNE-trending folds that were intruded by late Jurassic granites; and the late one caused the Lower Cretaceous volcano-sedimentary layer to be tilted. The dated age 152.9±1.4 Ma of the granitic samples from the Hetian granitic pluton in the Changting Basin and that from the Baishiding granitic pluton, 100.2±1.8 Ma, in the Jianning Basin, give the upper boundaries of these two tectonic events respectively. Hence, the late Mesozoic tectonic evolution of SE China was alternated between extension and compression.
基金funded by the Open Foundation of the Beijing SHRIMP Center (DDC15-016)the Applied Basic Research Program Youth Project of Yunnan Province (2016DF031)the National Basic Research Program of China (2015CB452605)
文摘The Laojiezi alkaline volcanic rocks, which are located in the intraplate region of the Yangtze craton, coincide with the formation of the Jinshajiang-Ailaoshan-Red River alkaline rock belt. Although this belt has been widely studied by geologists because of its porphyry-related Pb-Ag-Au polymetallic deposit and geotectonic location, the material sources of this belt are still debate. Whole-rock analyses show that these rocks have high total alkali contents(3.73–11.08 wt%), and their aluminum saturation index(ASI) values widely vary from 0.82 to 3.07, which comprise a metaluminous-peraluminous magma series. These rocks are characterized by high K(K2 O/Na2 O>1) and low Ti and Mg contents; enrichment in large-ion lithophile elements, such as Rb, Ba, K and light rare earth elements; and depletion in high field strength elements, such as Ta, Nb, P, and Ti. These rocks exhibit moderate Eu(Eu/Eu*=0.86–1.04) and Ce(Ce/Ce*=0.63–0.96) anomalies. Their(87 Sr/86 Sr)i, εNd(t), zircon εHf(t) and δ18 O values range from 0.70839 to 0.71013, from-10.16 to-12.45, from-19.6 to-5.8, and from 5.69‰ to 8.54‰, respectively, and their Nd and Hf two-stage model ages(TDM2) are 1.67–1.86 Ga and 1.27–2.02 Ga, respectively. These data reflect the primary partial melting of Paleoproterozoic to Mesoproterozoic lower crust with minor residual continental lithospheric mantle and supracrustal metasediments. The lithosphere was likely thickened along the southeastern margin of the Tibetan Plateau following the Indian-Asian continentcontinent collision(65–41 Ma). During the post-collision phase(36–16 Ma), the transition from a compressional to extensional setting triggered the convective removal of the over-thickened CLM beneath the Yangtze craton, which led to the upwelling of asthenospheric materials. This process created alkali-rich and high-K magma through the partial melting of the thickened lower crust. Magma that carried Cu-Au-Pb-Ag minerals was emplaced by strike-slip motion along the E-to W-or ENE-to WSWtrending tectonically weak zone, finally forming an alkaline porphyry Cu-Au-Pb-Ag polymetallic deposit.
基金supported jointly by"the Ninth Five-Year Plan"key basic research program(Grant No.9501101-5)the Project of Knowledge Innovation sponsored by the Chinese Academy of Scienoes(Grant No.KZCX2-102the National Outstanding Young Scientists Fund Project(Grant No.49925309)
文摘Volcanic rocks in the study area, including dacite, trachyandesite and mugearite, belong to the intermediate-acid, high-K calc-alkaline series, and possess the characteristics of adakite. The geochemistry of the rocks shows that the rocks are characterized by SiO2>59%, enrichment in A12O3(15.09-15.64%) and Na2O (>3.6%), high Sr (649-885 μg/g) and Sc, low Y contents (<17 μg/g), depletion in HREE (Yb<1.22 μg/g), (La/Yb)N>25, Sr/Y>40, MgO<3% (Mg<0.35), weak Eu anomaly (Eu/Eu=0.84-0.94), and lack of the high field strength elements (HFSE) (Nb, Ta, Ti, etc.). The Nd and Sr isotope data (87Sr/86Sr=0.7062-0.7079, 143Nd/144Nd=0.51166-0.51253, εNd= -18.61-0.02), show that the magma resulted from partial melting (10%-40%) of newly underplated basaltic lower crust under high pressure (1-4 GPa), and the petrogenesis is obviously affected by the crust's assimilation and fractional crystallization (AFC). This research will give an insight into the uplift mechanism of the Tibetan plateau.
文摘Comparing compositions of the fluid inclusions in volcanic rocks to the contents and isotopes of the gases in corresponding volcanic reservoirs using microthermometry, Raman microspectroscopy and mass spectrum analysis, we found that： （1） up to 82 mole% methane exists in the primary inclusions hosted in the reservoir volcanic rocks; （2） high CH4 inclusions recognized in the volcanic rocks correspond to CH4-bcaring CO2 reservoirs that are rich in helium and with a high ^3He/^4He ratio and which show reversed order of 813C in alkane; （3） in gas reservoirs of such abiotic methane （〉80%） and a mix of CH4 and CO2, the enclosed content of CH4 in the volcanic inclusions is usually below 42 mole%, and the reversed order of δ^13C in alkane is sometimes irregular in the corresponding gas pools; （4） a glassy inclusion with a homogeneous temperature over 900℃ also contains a small portion of CH4 although predominantly CO2. This affinity between gas pool and content of inclusion in the same volcanic reservoirs demonstrates that magma-originated gases, both CH4 and CO2, have contributed significantly to the corresponding gas pools and that the assumed hydrocarbon budget of the bulk earth might be much larger than conventionally supposed.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.41172202,41190073,41302178)the China Geological Survey(No.1212011121256)the State Key Laboratory of Geological Processes and Mineral Resources,China University of Geosciences in Wuhan(No.MSFGPMR201202)
文摘The volcanic rocks from the Sayabouli area in northwestern Laos have been poorly studied. These volcanic rocks are traditionally mapped as the Permian–Early Triassic sequences on the geological map. One basaltic-andesite from the Sayabouli area yields a zircon U-Pb age of 237.7±1.7 Ma, suggesting a Middle Triassic origin. All basalt and basaltic-andesite samples from the Sayabouli area show depletions in HFSEs（e.g., Nb, Ta, Ti） and have high LILE/HFSE ratios, and exhibit the geochemical affinity to the continental arc volcanic rocks and are geochemically similar to the continental arc volcanic rocks from the Phetchabun belt in northeastern Thailand, suggesting a Late Permian–Middle Triassic continental margin in the Sayabouli area of northwestern Laos and Phetchabun area of northeastern Thailand. Our data indicate that the Phetchabun arc volcanic belt through the western Loei sub-belt can be linked to the Sayabouli area in northwestern Laos.
