The global burden of bacterial infections,exacerbated by antimicrobial resistance(AMR),necessitates innovative strategies.Bacterial protein vaccines offer promise by eliciting targeted immunity while circumventing AMR...The global burden of bacterial infections,exacerbated by antimicrobial resistance(AMR),necessitates innovative strategies.Bacterial protein vaccines offer promise by eliciting targeted immunity while circumventing AMR.However,their clinical translation is hindered by their inherently low immunogenicity,often requiring potent adjuvants and advanced delivery systems.Biomembrane nanostructures(e.g.,liposomes,exosomes,and cell membrane-derived nanostructures),characterized by superior biocompatibility,intrinsic targeting ability,and immune-modulating properties,could serve as versatile platforms that potentiate vaccine efficacy by increasing antigen stability,enabling codelivery of immunostimulants,and facilitating targeted delivery to lymphoid tissues/antigen-presenting cells.This intrinsic immunomodulation promotes robust humoral and cellular immune responses to combat bacteria.This review critically reviews(1)key biomembrane nanostructure classes for bacterial protein antigens,(2)design strategies leveraging biomembrane nanostructures to enhance humoral and cellular immune responses,(3)preclinical efficacy against diverse pathogens,and(4)translational challenges and prospects.Biomembrane nanostructure-driven approaches represent a paradigm shift in the development of next-generation bacterial protein vaccines against resistant infections.展开更多
An analytical model of a floating heaving box integrated with a vertical flexible porous membrane placed right next to the box applications to wave energy extraction and breakwater systems is developed under the reduc...An analytical model of a floating heaving box integrated with a vertical flexible porous membrane placed right next to the box applications to wave energy extraction and breakwater systems is developed under the reduced wave equation.The theoretical solutions for the heave radiating potential to the assigned physical model in the corresponding zones are attained by using the separation of variables approach along with the Fourier expansion.Applying the matching eigenfunction expansion technique and orthogonal conditions,the unknown coefficients that are involved in the radiated potentials are determined.The attained radiation potential allows the computation of hydrodynamic coefficients of the heaving buoy,Power Take-Off damping,and wave quantities.The accuracy of the analytical solution for the hydrodynamic coefficients is demonstrated for different oblique angles with varying numbers of terms in the series solution.The current analytical analysis findings are confirmed by existing published numerical boundary element method simulations.Several numerical results of the hydrodynamic coefficients,power capture,power take-off optimal damping,and transmission coefficients for numerous structural and physical aspects are conducted.It has been noted that the ideal power take-off damping increases as the angle of incidence rises,and the analysis suggests that the ability to capture waves is more effective in shallower waters compared to deeper ones.展开更多
Diabetic wounds present challenges in clinical management due to persistent inflammation caused by excessive exudate infiltration.Inspired by the gradient wettability of cactus thorn,this study has devised a biomimeti...Diabetic wounds present challenges in clinical management due to persistent inflammation caused by excessive exudate infiltration.Inspired by the gradient wettability of cactus thorn,this study has devised a biomimetic Janus nanofiber membrane as a water diode,which endows with gradient wettability and gradient pore size,offering sustainable unidirectional self-drainage and antibacterial properties for enhanced diabetic wound healing.The Janus membrane is fabricated by depositing a hydrophilic polyacrylonitrile/chlorin e6 layer with smaller pore sizes onto a hydrophobic poly(ε-caprolactone)with larger pore sizes,thereby generating a vertical gradient in both wettability and pore structure.The incorporation of chlorin e6 in the upper layer enables the utilization of external light energy to generate heat for evaporation and produce reactive oxygen species,achieving a high sterilization efficiency of 99%.Meanwhile,the gradient structure of the Janus membrane facilitates continuous antigravity exudate drainage at a rate of 0.95 g cm^(−2) h^(−1).This dual functionality of effective exudate drainage and sterilization significantly reduces inflammatory factors,allows the polarization of macrophages toward the M2 proliferative phenotype,enhances angiogenesis,and accelerates wound healing.Therefore,this study provides a groundbreaking bioinspired strategy for the development of advanced wound dressings tailored for diabetic wound regeneration.展开更多
AIM:To assess risk factors for epiretinal membranes(ERM)and examine their interactions in a nationally representative U.S.dataset.METHODS:Data from the 2005–2008 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey(NHANE...AIM:To assess risk factors for epiretinal membranes(ERM)and examine their interactions in a nationally representative U.S.dataset.METHODS:Data from the 2005–2008 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey(NHANES)were analyzed,a nationally representative U.S.dataset.ERM was identified via retinal imaging based on the presence of cellophane changes.Key predictors included age group,eye surgery history,and refractive error,with additional demographic and health-related covariates.Weighted univariate and multiple logistic regression models were used to assess associations and interaction effects between eye surgery and refractive error.RESULTS:Totally 3925 participants were analyzed.Older age,eye surgery,and refractive errors were significantly associated with ERM.Compared to those under 65y,the odds ratio(OR)for ERM was 3.08 for ages 65–75y(P=0.0014)and 4.76 for ages 75+years(P=0.0069).Eye surgery increased ERM risk(OR=3.48,P=0.0018).Moderate to high hyperopia and myopia were also associated with ERM(OR=2.65 and 1.80,respectively).A significant interaction between refractive error and eye surgery was observed(P<0.0001).Moderate to high myopia was associated with ERM only in those without eye surgery(OR=1.92,P=0.0443).Eye surgery was most strongly associated with ERM in the emmetropic group(OR=3.60,P=0.0027),followed by the moderate to high myopia group(OR=3.01,P=0.0031).CONCLUSION:ERM is significantly associated with aging,eye surgery,and refractive errors.The interaction between eye surgery and refractive error modifies ERM risk and highlights the importance of considering combined effects in clinical risk assessments.These findings may help guide individualized ERM risk assessment that may inform personalized approaches to ERM prevention and management.展开更多
Macrophages undergo dynamic transitions between M1 and M2 states,exerting profound influences on both inflammatory and regenerative processes.The biocompatible and wound-healing properties of decellularized amniotic m...Macrophages undergo dynamic transitions between M1 and M2 states,exerting profound influences on both inflammatory and regenerative processes.The biocompatible and wound-healing properties of decellularized amniotic membrane(d AM)make it a subject of exploration for its potential impact on the anti-inflammatory response of macrophages.Experimental findings unequivocally demonstrate that d AM promotes anti-inflammatory M2 polarization of macrophage,with its cytokine-rich content posited as a potential mediator.The application of RNA sequencing unveils differential gene expression,implicating the hypoxia inducible factor-1α(HIF-1α)signaling pathway in this intricate interplay.Subsequent investigation further demonstrates that d AM facilitates anti-inflammatory M2 polarization of macrophage through the upregulation of epidermal growth factor(EGF),which,in turn,activates the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase(PI3K)/protein kinase B(AKT)pathway and stabilizes HIF-1α.This cascade results in a noteworthy augmentation of anti-inflammatory gene expression.This study significantly contributes to advancing our comprehension of d AM's immunomodulatory role in tissue repair,thereby suggesting promising therapeutic potential.展开更多
Developing low-cost and high-performance nanofiber-based polyelectrolyte membranes for fuel cell applications is a promising solution to energy depletion.Due to the high specific surface area and one-dimensional longr...Developing low-cost and high-performance nanofiber-based polyelectrolyte membranes for fuel cell applications is a promising solution to energy depletion.Due to the high specific surface area and one-dimensional longrange continuous structure of the nanofiber,ion-charged groups can be induced to form long-range continuous ion transfer channels in the nanofiber composite membrane,significantly increasing the ion conductivity of the membrane.This review stands apart from previous endeavors by offering a comprehensive overview of the strategies employed over the past decade in utilizing both electrospun and natural nanofibers as key components of proton exchange membranes and anion exchange membranes for fuel cells.Electrospun nanofibers are categorized based on their material properties into two primary groups:(1)ionomer nanofibers,inherently endowed with the ability to conduct H+(such as perfluorosulfonic acid or sulfonated poly(ether ether ketone))or OH-(e.g.,FAA-3),and(2)nonionic polymer nanofibers,comprising inert polymers like polyvinylidene difluoride,polytetrafluoroethylene,and polyacrylonitrile.Notably,the latter often necessitates surface modifications to impart ion transport channels,given their inherent proton inertness.Furthermore,this review delves into the recent progress made with three natural nanofibers derived from biodegradable cellulose—cellulose nanocrystals,cellulose nanofibers,and bacterial nanofibers—as crucial elements in polyelectrolyte membranes.The effect of the physical structure of such nanofibers on polyelectrolyte membrane properties is also briefly discussed.Lastly,the review emphasizes the challenges and outlines potential solutions for future research in the field of nanofiber-based polyelectrolyte membranes,aiming to propel the development of high-performance polymer electrolyte fuel cells.展开更多
BACKGROUND Advanced heart failure and transplant(AHFTC)teams are crucial in the management of patients in cardiogenic shock.We sought to explore the impact of AHFTC physicians on outcomes in patients receiving extraco...BACKGROUND Advanced heart failure and transplant(AHFTC)teams are crucial in the management of patients in cardiogenic shock.We sought to explore the impact of AHFTC physicians on outcomes in patients receiving extracorporeal membrane oxygenation(ECMO)support.AIM To determine whether outcomes differ in the care of ECMO patients when AHFTC physicians serve in a primary vs consultative role.METHODS We conducted a retrospective cohort study of 51 patients placed on veno-venous(VV)and veno-arterial(VA)ECMO between January 2015 and February 2023 at our institution.We compared ECMO outcomes between teams managed primarily by intensivists vs teams where AHFTC physicians played a direct role in ECMO management,including patient selection.Our primary outcome measure was survival to 30 days post hospital discharge.RESULTS For combined VA and VV ECMO patients,survival to 30 days post discharge in the AHFTC cohort was significantly higher(67%vs 30%,P=0.01),largely driven by a significantly increased 30-day post discharge survival in VA ECMO patients in the AHFTC group(64%vs 20%,P=0.05).CONCLUSION This study suggests that patients in shock requiring VA ECMO support may have improved survival 30 days after hospital discharge when an AHFTC team serves in a direct role in the selection and management of patients.Further studies are needed to validate this impact.展开更多
Carbon capture is an important strategy and is implemented to achieve the goals of CO_(2)reduction and carbon neutrality.As a high energy-efficient technology,membrane-based separation plays a crucial role in CO_(2)ca...Carbon capture is an important strategy and is implemented to achieve the goals of CO_(2)reduction and carbon neutrality.As a high energy-efficient technology,membrane-based separation plays a crucial role in CO_(2)capture.It is urgently needed for membrane-based CO_(2)capture to develop the high-performance membrane materials with high permeability,selectivity,and stability.Herein,ultrapermeable carbon molecular sieve(CMS)membranes are fabricated by py roly zing a finely-engineered benzoxazole-containing copolyimide precursor for efficient CO_(2)capture.The microstructure of CMS membrane has been optimized by initially engineering the precursor-chemistry and subsequently tuning the pyrolysis process.Deep insights into the structure-property relationship of CMSs are provided in detail by a combination of experimental characterization and molecular simulations.We demonstrate that the intrinsically high free volume environment of the precursor,coupled with the steric hindrance of thermostable contorted fragments,promotes the formation of loosely packed and ultramicroporous carbon structures within the resultant CMS membrane,thereby enabling efficient CO_(2)discrimination via size sieving and affinity.The membrane achieves an ultrahigh CO_(2)permeability,good selectivity,and excellent stability.After one month of long-term operation,the CO_(2)permeability in the mixed gas is maintained at 11,800 Barrer,with a CO_(2)/N_(2)selectivity exceeding 60.This study provides insights into the relationship between precursor-chemistry and CMS performance,and our ultrapermeable CMS membrane,which is scalable using thin film manufacturing,holds great potential for industrial CO_(2)capture.展开更多
Dear Editor,Descemet’s membrane detachment(DMD)is considered as a potential sight-threatening complication following various intraocular surgeries,particularly cataract surgery[1].The labile adhesion between the Desc...Dear Editor,Descemet’s membrane detachment(DMD)is considered as a potential sight-threatening complication following various intraocular surgeries,particularly cataract surgery[1].The labile adhesion between the Descemet’s membrane(DM)and the posterior corneal stromal layer can be easily separated with minimal mechanical force.Several risk factors have been associated with the development of DMD including old age,improper intraoperative operation,corneal ectatic disorders,and endothelial disorders and so on[1-4].展开更多
Membrane technology holds significant potential for augmenting or partially substituting conventional separation techniques,such as heatdriven distillation,thereby reducing energy consumption.Organic solvent nanofiltr...Membrane technology holds significant potential for augmenting or partially substituting conventional separation techniques,such as heatdriven distillation,thereby reducing energy consumption.Organic solvent nanofiltration represents an advanced membrane separation technology capable of discerning molecules within a molecular weight range of approximately 100-1000 Da in organic solvents,offering low energy requirements and minimal carbon footprints.Molecular separation in non-polar solvent system,such as toluene,n-hexane,and n-heptane,has gained paramount importance due to their extensive use in the pharmaceutical,biochemical,and petrochemical industries.In this review,we presented recent advancements in membrane materials,membrane fabrication techniques and their promising applications for separation in nonpolar solvent system,encompassing hydrocarbon separation,bioactive molecule purification and organic solvent recovery.Furthermore,this review highlighted the challenges and opportunities associated with membrane scale-up strategies and the direct translation of this promising technology into industrial applications.展开更多
Tetracycline(TC)is a broad-spectrum antibiotic,and its residues in the environment and food are harmful to human health.Therefore,it is essential to rapidly,sensitively,and conveniently detect TC.In this work,we devel...Tetracycline(TC)is a broad-spectrum antibiotic,and its residues in the environment and food are harmful to human health.Therefore,it is essential to rapidly,sensitively,and conveniently detect TC.In this work,we developed a portable silicon nanoparticles chelated Europium(Ⅲ)-based polyacrylonitrile(Eu-SiNPs/PAN)nanofiber membrane for rapid,sensitive,and convenient detection of TC.The Eu-SiNPs were synthesized with a facile one-pot method.The Eu-SiNPs/PAN nanofiber membrane was fabricated by electrospinning,combining Eu-SiNPs and PAN with three-dimensional porous membrane structures and UV resistance.Both the Eu-SiNPs and the Eu-SiNPs/PAN nanofiber membranes have good selectivity and anti-interference ability towards TC.The combined merits of rapid response,long storage life,easy portability,and naked-eye recognition of TC make the Eu-SiNPs/PAN nanofiber membrane a promising material for convenient TC detection applications.The practicability of these nanofiber membranes was further verified by detecting TC in real samples,such as lake water,drinking water and honey,and achieved quantitative detection.展开更多
Hydrogen energy from electrocatalysis driven by sustainable energy has emerged as a solution against the background of carbon neutrality.Proton exchange membrane(PEM)-based electrocatalytic systems represent a promisi...Hydrogen energy from electrocatalysis driven by sustainable energy has emerged as a solution against the background of carbon neutrality.Proton exchange membrane(PEM)-based electrocatalytic systems represent a promising technology for hydrogen production,which is equipped to combine efficiently with intermittent electricity from renewable energy sources.In this review,PEM-based electrocatalytic systems for H2 production are summarized systematically from low to high operating temperature systems.When the operating temperature is below 130℃,the representative device is a PEM water electrolyzer;its core components and respective functions,research status,and design strategies of key materials especially in electrocatalysts are presented and discussed.However,strong acidity,highly oxidative operating conditions,and the sluggish kinetics of the anode reaction of PEM water electrolyzers have limited their further development and shifted our attention to higher operating temperature PEM systems.Increasing the temperature of PEM-based electrocatalytic systems can cause an increase in current density,accelerate reaction kinetics and gas transport and reduce the ohmic value,activation losses,ΔGH*,and power consumption.Moreover,further increasing the operating temperature(120-300℃)of PEM-based devices endows various hydrogen carriers(e.g.,methanol,ethanol,and ammonia)with electrolysis,offering a new opportunity to produce hydrogen using PEM-based electrocatalytic systems.Finally,several future directions and prospects for developing PEM-based electrocatalytic systems for H_(2) production are proposed through devoting more efforts to the key components of devices and reduction of costs.展开更多
Removing H_(2)S and CO_(2)is of great significance for natural gas purification.With excellent gas affinity and tunable structure,ionic liquids(ILs) have been regarded as nontrivial candidates for fabricating polymer-...Removing H_(2)S and CO_(2)is of great significance for natural gas purification.With excellent gas affinity and tunable structure,ionic liquids(ILs) have been regarded as nontrivial candidates for fabricating polymer-based membranes.Herein,we firstly reported the incorporation of protic ILs (PILs) having ether-rich and carboxylate sites (ECPILs) into poly(ether-block-amide)(Pebax) matrix for efficient separation H_(2)S and CO_(2)from CH_(4).Notably,the optimal permeability of H_(2)S reaches up to 4310 Barrer (40C,0.50 bar) in Pebax/ECPIL membranes,along with H_(2)S/CH_(4)and (H_(2)StCO_(2))/CH_(4)selectivity of 97.7 and 112.3,respectively.These values are increased by 1125%,160.8%and 145.9%compared to those in neat Pebax membrane.Additionally,the solubility and diffusion coefficients of the gases were measured,demonstrating that ECPIL can simultaneously strengthen the dissolution and diffusion of H_(2)S and CO_(2),thus elevating the permeability and permselectivity.By using quantum chemical calculations and FT-IR spectroscopy,the highly reversible multi-site hydrogen bonding interaction between ECPILs and H_(2)S was revealed,which is responsible for the fast permeation of H_(2)S and good selectivity.Furthermore,H_(2)S/CO_(2)/CH_(4)(3/3/94 mol/mol) ternary mixed gas can be efficiently and stably separated by Pebax/ECPIL membrane for at least 100 h.Overall,this work not only illustrates that PILs with ether-rich and carboxylate hydrogen bonding sites are outstanding materials for simultaneous removal of H_(2)S and CO_(2),but may also provide a novel insight into the design of membrane materials for natural gas upgrading.展开更多
Anion exchange membrane(AEM),as a kind of key membrane materials,has shown great application potential in many electrochemical fields,and remarkable progress has been made in related research in recent years.In this p...Anion exchange membrane(AEM),as a kind of key membrane materials,has shown great application potential in many electrochemical fields,and remarkable progress has been made in related research in recent years.In this paper,the research status of AEM is reviewed,including its material design,preparation method,performance optimization and application in the fields of hydrogen production by electrolytic water,fuel cell and water treatment.In terms of material design,new polymer skeleton structures are emerging to regulate the stability of ion conduction channels and membranes by introducing specific functional groups or changing the molecular chain structure.The preparation methods have been gradually expanded from the traditional solution casting method to more advanced technologies,such as interfacial polymerization and electrostatic spinning,which effectively improve the microstructure and property uniformity of the film.Performance optimization focuses on improving ion conductivity,reducing membrane swelling rate and enhancing chemical stability,and a variety of modification strategies are developed and applied.Despite the achievements made so far,there are still some challenges,such as the lack of long-term stability in highly alkaline environments.Future research needs to further explore new material systems and preparation processes in order to promote the wide application and sustainable development of AEM technology in energy,environmental protection and other fields.展开更多
Membrane electrode assembly(MEA)is widely considered to be the most promising type of electrolyzer for the practical application of electrochemical CO_(2) reduction reaction(CO_(2)RR).In MEAs,a square-shaped cross-sec...Membrane electrode assembly(MEA)is widely considered to be the most promising type of electrolyzer for the practical application of electrochemical CO_(2) reduction reaction(CO_(2)RR).In MEAs,a square-shaped cross-section in the flow channel is normally adopted,the configuration optimization of which could potentially enhance the performance of the electrolyzer.This paper describes the numerical simulation study on the impact of the flow-channel cross-section shapes in the MEA electrolyzer for CO_(2)RR.The results show that wide flow channels with low heights are beneficial to the CO_(2)RR by providing a uniform flow field of CO_(2),especially at high current densities.Moreover,the larger the electrolyzer,the more significant the effect is.This study provides a theoretical basis for the design of high-performance MEA electrolyzers for CO_(2)RR.展开更多
Facilitated transport membranes for post-combustion carbon capture are one of the technologies to achieve efficient and large-scale capture.The central principle is to utilize the affinity of CO_(2) for the carrier to...Facilitated transport membranes for post-combustion carbon capture are one of the technologies to achieve efficient and large-scale capture.The central principle is to utilize the affinity of CO_(2) for the carrier to achieve efficient separation and to break the Robson upper bound.This paper reviews the progress of facilitated transport membranes research regarding polymer materials,principles,and problems faced at this stage.Firstly,we briefly introduce the transport mechanism of the facilitated transport membranes.Then the research progress of several major polymers used for facilitated transport membranes for CO_(2)/N_(2) separation was presented in the past five years.Additionally,we analyze the primary challenges of facilitated transport membranes,including the influence of water,the effect of temperature,the saturation effect of the carrier,and the process configuration.Finally,we also delve into the challenges and competitiveness of facilitated transport membranes.展开更多
The application of photocatalytic technology in algae killing is limited by the non-floatability and difficulty in recycling of the photocatalysts.Loading photocatalyst on magnetic or floatable carriers is the most po...The application of photocatalytic technology in algae killing is limited by the non-floatability and difficulty in recycling of the photocatalysts.Loading photocatalyst on magnetic or floatable carriers is the most popular method for overcoming the above inadequacies.In this work,a CdZnS/TiO_(2) membrane photocatalyst with adjustable suspended depth(include floating)and flexible assembly is designed,which is less prone to dislodgement due to in situ synthesis and has a wider range of applicability than previously reported photocatalysts.The photocatalytic removal of Microcystis aeruginosa revealed that the suspended depth and distribution format of the CdZnS/TiO_(2) membrane photocatalysts have striking effects on the photocatalytic removal performance of Microcystis aeruginosa,the photocatalytic removal efficiency of CdZnS/TiO_(2)-2 membrane photocatalysts for Microcystis aeruginosa could reach to 98.6%in 60 min when the photocatalysts assembled in the form of 3×3 arrays suspended at a depth of 2 cm from the liquid surface.A tiny amount of TiO_(2) loading allows the formation of Z-Scheme heterojunction,resulting in accelerating the separation efficiency of photogenerated carriers,preserving the photogenerated electrons and holes with stronger reduction and oxidation ability and inhabiting the photo-corrosion of CdZnS.展开更多
A new modified blend ultrafiltration(UF)membrane with good hydrophilicity,high porosity and excellent anti-fouling performance was developed by using carboxylic multi-walled carbon nanotube(CMWCNT)as casting solution ...A new modified blend ultrafiltration(UF)membrane with good hydrophilicity,high porosity and excellent anti-fouling performance was developed by using carboxylic multi-walled carbon nanotube(CMWCNT)as casting solution additive.Furthermore,a composite nanofiltration(NF)membrane with large water flux and good retention rate was fabricated by using the PVDF/CMWCNT blend UF membrane as the substrate,and polyvinyl alcohol(PVA),β-cyclodextrin(β-CD)and polyethylenimine(PEI)as the coating solution.The results show that with the appropriate addition of CMWCNT in the casting solution,the surface roughness,porosity and recovery rate of the PVDF/CMWCNT blend UF membrane is obviously increased.The water flux of blend UF membrane is significantly improved when the CMWCNT content increases from 0 wt%to 0.2 wt%.The water flux of blend UF membrane with 0.2 wt%CMWCNT is 162.7 L/(m^(2)·h),which is 44.3%higher than that of the pure PVDF membrane.Whenβ-CD content is 0.8 wt%,the retention rate of Congo red by PVDF/CMWCNT/β-CD composite NF membrane reaches 98.7%,which is 28.3%higher than that of single PVA/PEI modified membrane.This research will provide a new idea and simple method for developing novel high-performance composite NF membranes.展开更多
Mixed matrix membranes(MMMs)have demonstrated significant promise in energy-intensive gas separations by amalgamating the unique properties of fillers with the facile processability of polymers.However,achieving a sim...Mixed matrix membranes(MMMs)have demonstrated significant promise in energy-intensive gas separations by amalgamating the unique properties of fillers with the facile processability of polymers.However,achieving a simultaneous enhancement of permeability and selectivity remains a formidable challenge,due to the difficulty of achieving an optimal match between polymers and fillers.In this study,we incorporate a porous carbon-based zinc oxide composite(C@ZnO)into high-permeability polymers of intrinsic microporosity(PIMs)to fabricate MMMs.The dipole–dipole interaction between C@ZnO and PIMs ensures their exceptional compatibility,mitigating the formation of non-selective voids in the resulting MMMs.Concurrently,C@ZnO with abundant interconnected pores can provide additional low-resistance pathways for gas transport in MMMs.As a result,the CO_(2) permeability of the optimized C@ZnO/PIM-1 MMMs is elevated to 13,215 barrer,while the CO_(2)/N_(2) and CO_(2)/CH_(4) selectivity reached 21.5 and 14.4,respectively,substantially surpassing the 2008 Robeson upper bound.Additionally,molecular simulation results further corroborate that the augmented membrane gas selectivity is attributed to the superior CO_(2) affinity of C@ZnO.In summary,we believe that this work not only expands the application of MMMs for gas separation but also heralds a paradigm shift in the application of porous carbon materials.展开更多
The plasma membrane(PM)plays an essential role in maintaining cell homeostasis,therefore,timely and effective repair of damage caused by factors such as mechanical rupture,pore-forming toxins,or pore-forming proteins ...The plasma membrane(PM)plays an essential role in maintaining cell homeostasis,therefore,timely and effective repair of damage caused by factors such as mechanical rupture,pore-forming toxins,or pore-forming proteins is crucial for cell survival.PM damage induces membrane rupture and stimulates an immune response.However,damage resulting from regulated cell death processes,including pyroptosis,ferroptosis,and necroptosis,cannot be repaired by simple sealing mechanisms and thus,requires specialized repair machinery.Recent research has identified a PM repair mechanism of regulated cell death-related injury,mediated by the endosomal sorting complexes required for transport(ESCRT)machinery.Here,we review recent progress in elucidating the ESCRT machinery-mediated repair mechanism of PM injury,with particular focus on processes related to regulated cell death.This overview,along with continued research in this field,may provide novel insights into therapeutic targets for diseases associated with dysregulation of regulated cell death pathways.展开更多
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(82573571)the Shanghai 2025 Basic Research Plan Natural Science Foundation(25ZR1401393)the First Batch of Open Topics of the Shanghai Key Laboratory of Nautical Medicine and Translation of Drugs and Medical Devices(2025QN13)。
文摘The global burden of bacterial infections,exacerbated by antimicrobial resistance(AMR),necessitates innovative strategies.Bacterial protein vaccines offer promise by eliciting targeted immunity while circumventing AMR.However,their clinical translation is hindered by their inherently low immunogenicity,often requiring potent adjuvants and advanced delivery systems.Biomembrane nanostructures(e.g.,liposomes,exosomes,and cell membrane-derived nanostructures),characterized by superior biocompatibility,intrinsic targeting ability,and immune-modulating properties,could serve as versatile platforms that potentiate vaccine efficacy by increasing antigen stability,enabling codelivery of immunostimulants,and facilitating targeted delivery to lymphoid tissues/antigen-presenting cells.This intrinsic immunomodulation promotes robust humoral and cellular immune responses to combat bacteria.This review critically reviews(1)key biomembrane nanostructure classes for bacterial protein antigens,(2)design strategies leveraging biomembrane nanostructures to enhance humoral and cellular immune responses,(3)preclinical efficacy against diverse pathogens,and(4)translational challenges and prospects.Biomembrane nanostructure-driven approaches represent a paradigm shift in the development of next-generation bacterial protein vaccines against resistant infections.
基金Open access funding provided by FCT|FCCN(b-on)the Strategic Research Plan of the Centre for Marine Technology and Ocean Engineering(CENTEC),which is financed by the Portuguese Foundation for Science and Technology(Fundação para a Ciência e Tecnologia-FCT)under contract UIDB/UIDP/00134/2020.
文摘An analytical model of a floating heaving box integrated with a vertical flexible porous membrane placed right next to the box applications to wave energy extraction and breakwater systems is developed under the reduced wave equation.The theoretical solutions for the heave radiating potential to the assigned physical model in the corresponding zones are attained by using the separation of variables approach along with the Fourier expansion.Applying the matching eigenfunction expansion technique and orthogonal conditions,the unknown coefficients that are involved in the radiated potentials are determined.The attained radiation potential allows the computation of hydrodynamic coefficients of the heaving buoy,Power Take-Off damping,and wave quantities.The accuracy of the analytical solution for the hydrodynamic coefficients is demonstrated for different oblique angles with varying numbers of terms in the series solution.The current analytical analysis findings are confirmed by existing published numerical boundary element method simulations.Several numerical results of the hydrodynamic coefficients,power capture,power take-off optimal damping,and transmission coefficients for numerous structural and physical aspects are conducted.It has been noted that the ideal power take-off damping increases as the angle of incidence rises,and the analysis suggests that the ability to capture waves is more effective in shallower waters compared to deeper ones.
基金All animal experiments were performed under the protocols approved by the Ethical Committee for Animal Care of Donghua University(DHUEC-NSFC-2019-20)financially supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2021YFA1201304)+3 种基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(52503082),China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(2024M750402)Postdoctoral Fellowship Program of CPSF(GZC20230419)Shanghai Anticancer Association EYAS PROJECT(SACA-CY23C05)The Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(2232023D-03,2232024Y-01).
文摘Diabetic wounds present challenges in clinical management due to persistent inflammation caused by excessive exudate infiltration.Inspired by the gradient wettability of cactus thorn,this study has devised a biomimetic Janus nanofiber membrane as a water diode,which endows with gradient wettability and gradient pore size,offering sustainable unidirectional self-drainage and antibacterial properties for enhanced diabetic wound healing.The Janus membrane is fabricated by depositing a hydrophilic polyacrylonitrile/chlorin e6 layer with smaller pore sizes onto a hydrophobic poly(ε-caprolactone)with larger pore sizes,thereby generating a vertical gradient in both wettability and pore structure.The incorporation of chlorin e6 in the upper layer enables the utilization of external light energy to generate heat for evaporation and produce reactive oxygen species,achieving a high sterilization efficiency of 99%.Meanwhile,the gradient structure of the Janus membrane facilitates continuous antigravity exudate drainage at a rate of 0.95 g cm^(−2) h^(−1).This dual functionality of effective exudate drainage and sterilization significantly reduces inflammatory factors,allows the polarization of macrophages toward the M2 proliferative phenotype,enhances angiogenesis,and accelerates wound healing.Therefore,this study provides a groundbreaking bioinspired strategy for the development of advanced wound dressings tailored for diabetic wound regeneration.
基金Supported by Chengdu Municipal Science and Technology Bureau Key R&D Support Program(No.2023-YF09-00041-SN)。
文摘AIM:To assess risk factors for epiretinal membranes(ERM)and examine their interactions in a nationally representative U.S.dataset.METHODS:Data from the 2005–2008 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey(NHANES)were analyzed,a nationally representative U.S.dataset.ERM was identified via retinal imaging based on the presence of cellophane changes.Key predictors included age group,eye surgery history,and refractive error,with additional demographic and health-related covariates.Weighted univariate and multiple logistic regression models were used to assess associations and interaction effects between eye surgery and refractive error.RESULTS:Totally 3925 participants were analyzed.Older age,eye surgery,and refractive errors were significantly associated with ERM.Compared to those under 65y,the odds ratio(OR)for ERM was 3.08 for ages 65–75y(P=0.0014)and 4.76 for ages 75+years(P=0.0069).Eye surgery increased ERM risk(OR=3.48,P=0.0018).Moderate to high hyperopia and myopia were also associated with ERM(OR=2.65 and 1.80,respectively).A significant interaction between refractive error and eye surgery was observed(P<0.0001).Moderate to high myopia was associated with ERM only in those without eye surgery(OR=1.92,P=0.0443).Eye surgery was most strongly associated with ERM in the emmetropic group(OR=3.60,P=0.0027),followed by the moderate to high myopia group(OR=3.01,P=0.0031).CONCLUSION:ERM is significantly associated with aging,eye surgery,and refractive errors.The interaction between eye surgery and refractive error modifies ERM risk and highlights the importance of considering combined effects in clinical risk assessments.These findings may help guide individualized ERM risk assessment that may inform personalized approaches to ERM prevention and management.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.82302772)Guizhou Basic Research Project(No.ZK[2023]General 201)partially supported by Wuhan Kangchuang Biotechnology Co.,Ltd。
文摘Macrophages undergo dynamic transitions between M1 and M2 states,exerting profound influences on both inflammatory and regenerative processes.The biocompatible and wound-healing properties of decellularized amniotic membrane(d AM)make it a subject of exploration for its potential impact on the anti-inflammatory response of macrophages.Experimental findings unequivocally demonstrate that d AM promotes anti-inflammatory M2 polarization of macrophage,with its cytokine-rich content posited as a potential mediator.The application of RNA sequencing unveils differential gene expression,implicating the hypoxia inducible factor-1α(HIF-1α)signaling pathway in this intricate interplay.Subsequent investigation further demonstrates that d AM facilitates anti-inflammatory M2 polarization of macrophage through the upregulation of epidermal growth factor(EGF),which,in turn,activates the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase(PI3K)/protein kinase B(AKT)pathway and stabilizes HIF-1α.This cascade results in a noteworthy augmentation of anti-inflammatory gene expression.This study significantly contributes to advancing our comprehension of d AM's immunomodulatory role in tissue repair,thereby suggesting promising therapeutic potential.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China,Grant/Award Numbers:52173091,62101391。
文摘Developing low-cost and high-performance nanofiber-based polyelectrolyte membranes for fuel cell applications is a promising solution to energy depletion.Due to the high specific surface area and one-dimensional longrange continuous structure of the nanofiber,ion-charged groups can be induced to form long-range continuous ion transfer channels in the nanofiber composite membrane,significantly increasing the ion conductivity of the membrane.This review stands apart from previous endeavors by offering a comprehensive overview of the strategies employed over the past decade in utilizing both electrospun and natural nanofibers as key components of proton exchange membranes and anion exchange membranes for fuel cells.Electrospun nanofibers are categorized based on their material properties into two primary groups:(1)ionomer nanofibers,inherently endowed with the ability to conduct H+(such as perfluorosulfonic acid or sulfonated poly(ether ether ketone))or OH-(e.g.,FAA-3),and(2)nonionic polymer nanofibers,comprising inert polymers like polyvinylidene difluoride,polytetrafluoroethylene,and polyacrylonitrile.Notably,the latter often necessitates surface modifications to impart ion transport channels,given their inherent proton inertness.Furthermore,this review delves into the recent progress made with three natural nanofibers derived from biodegradable cellulose—cellulose nanocrystals,cellulose nanofibers,and bacterial nanofibers—as crucial elements in polyelectrolyte membranes.The effect of the physical structure of such nanofibers on polyelectrolyte membrane properties is also briefly discussed.Lastly,the review emphasizes the challenges and outlines potential solutions for future research in the field of nanofiber-based polyelectrolyte membranes,aiming to propel the development of high-performance polymer electrolyte fuel cells.
文摘BACKGROUND Advanced heart failure and transplant(AHFTC)teams are crucial in the management of patients in cardiogenic shock.We sought to explore the impact of AHFTC physicians on outcomes in patients receiving extracorporeal membrane oxygenation(ECMO)support.AIM To determine whether outcomes differ in the care of ECMO patients when AHFTC physicians serve in a primary vs consultative role.METHODS We conducted a retrospective cohort study of 51 patients placed on veno-venous(VV)and veno-arterial(VA)ECMO between January 2015 and February 2023 at our institution.We compared ECMO outcomes between teams managed primarily by intensivists vs teams where AHFTC physicians played a direct role in ECMO management,including patient selection.Our primary outcome measure was survival to 30 days post hospital discharge.RESULTS For combined VA and VV ECMO patients,survival to 30 days post discharge in the AHFTC cohort was significantly higher(67%vs 30%,P=0.01),largely driven by a significantly increased 30-day post discharge survival in VA ECMO patients in the AHFTC group(64%vs 20%,P=0.05).CONCLUSION This study suggests that patients in shock requiring VA ECMO support may have improved survival 30 days after hospital discharge when an AHFTC team serves in a direct role in the selection and management of patients.Further studies are needed to validate this impact.
基金financial support from the National Key R&D Program of China(2021YFB3801200)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(22278051,22178044,22308043)CNPC Innovation Found(2022DQ02-0608)。
文摘Carbon capture is an important strategy and is implemented to achieve the goals of CO_(2)reduction and carbon neutrality.As a high energy-efficient technology,membrane-based separation plays a crucial role in CO_(2)capture.It is urgently needed for membrane-based CO_(2)capture to develop the high-performance membrane materials with high permeability,selectivity,and stability.Herein,ultrapermeable carbon molecular sieve(CMS)membranes are fabricated by py roly zing a finely-engineered benzoxazole-containing copolyimide precursor for efficient CO_(2)capture.The microstructure of CMS membrane has been optimized by initially engineering the precursor-chemistry and subsequently tuning the pyrolysis process.Deep insights into the structure-property relationship of CMSs are provided in detail by a combination of experimental characterization and molecular simulations.We demonstrate that the intrinsically high free volume environment of the precursor,coupled with the steric hindrance of thermostable contorted fragments,promotes the formation of loosely packed and ultramicroporous carbon structures within the resultant CMS membrane,thereby enabling efficient CO_(2)discrimination via size sieving and affinity.The membrane achieves an ultrahigh CO_(2)permeability,good selectivity,and excellent stability.After one month of long-term operation,the CO_(2)permeability in the mixed gas is maintained at 11,800 Barrer,with a CO_(2)/N_(2)selectivity exceeding 60.This study provides insights into the relationship between precursor-chemistry and CMS performance,and our ultrapermeable CMS membrane,which is scalable using thin film manufacturing,holds great potential for industrial CO_(2)capture.
基金Supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Fujian Province(No.2024J011318No.2024J011321)Fuzhou Science and Technology Program(No.2023-S-005).
文摘Dear Editor,Descemet’s membrane detachment(DMD)is considered as a potential sight-threatening complication following various intraocular surgeries,particularly cataract surgery[1].The labile adhesion between the Descemet’s membrane(DM)and the posterior corneal stromal layer can be easily separated with minimal mechanical force.Several risk factors have been associated with the development of DMD including old age,improper intraoperative operation,corneal ectatic disorders,and endothelial disorders and so on[1-4].
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.2230081973)Shanghai Pilot Program for Basic Research(22TQ1400100-4).
文摘Membrane technology holds significant potential for augmenting or partially substituting conventional separation techniques,such as heatdriven distillation,thereby reducing energy consumption.Organic solvent nanofiltration represents an advanced membrane separation technology capable of discerning molecules within a molecular weight range of approximately 100-1000 Da in organic solvents,offering low energy requirements and minimal carbon footprints.Molecular separation in non-polar solvent system,such as toluene,n-hexane,and n-heptane,has gained paramount importance due to their extensive use in the pharmaceutical,biochemical,and petrochemical industries.In this review,we presented recent advancements in membrane materials,membrane fabrication techniques and their promising applications for separation in nonpolar solvent system,encompassing hydrocarbon separation,bioactive molecule purification and organic solvent recovery.Furthermore,this review highlighted the challenges and opportunities associated with membrane scale-up strategies and the direct translation of this promising technology into industrial applications.
基金supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Tianjin(Nos.18JCQNJC72400 and 22JCQNJC01510).
文摘Tetracycline(TC)is a broad-spectrum antibiotic,and its residues in the environment and food are harmful to human health.Therefore,it is essential to rapidly,sensitively,and conveniently detect TC.In this work,we developed a portable silicon nanoparticles chelated Europium(Ⅲ)-based polyacrylonitrile(Eu-SiNPs/PAN)nanofiber membrane for rapid,sensitive,and convenient detection of TC.The Eu-SiNPs were synthesized with a facile one-pot method.The Eu-SiNPs/PAN nanofiber membrane was fabricated by electrospinning,combining Eu-SiNPs and PAN with three-dimensional porous membrane structures and UV resistance.Both the Eu-SiNPs and the Eu-SiNPs/PAN nanofiber membranes have good selectivity and anti-interference ability towards TC.The combined merits of rapid response,long storage life,easy portability,and naked-eye recognition of TC make the Eu-SiNPs/PAN nanofiber membrane a promising material for convenient TC detection applications.The practicability of these nanofiber membranes was further verified by detecting TC in real samples,such as lake water,drinking water and honey,and achieved quantitative detection.
基金National Key R&D Program of China,Grant/Award Number:2021YFA1500900Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation of Guangdong Province-Regional Joint Fund Project,Grant/Award Number:2021B1515120024+9 种基金Science Funds of the Education Office of Jiangxi Province,Grant/Award Number:GJJ2201324Science Funds of Jiangxi Province,Grant/Award Numbers:20242BAB25168,20224BAB213018Doctoral Research Start-up Funds of JXSTNU,Grant/Award Number:2022BSQD05China Postdoctoral Science Foundation,Grant/Award Number:2023M741121National Natural Science Foundation of China,Grant/Award Number:22172047Provincial Natural Science Foundation of Hunan,Grant/Award Number:2021JJ30089Shenzhen Science and Technology Program,Grant/Award Number:JCYJ20210324122209025Changsha Municipal Natural Science Foundation,Grant/Award Number:kq2107008Hunan Province of Huxiang Talent project,Grant/Award Number:2023rc3118Natural Science Foundation of Hunan Province,Grant/Award Number:2022JJ10006.
文摘Hydrogen energy from electrocatalysis driven by sustainable energy has emerged as a solution against the background of carbon neutrality.Proton exchange membrane(PEM)-based electrocatalytic systems represent a promising technology for hydrogen production,which is equipped to combine efficiently with intermittent electricity from renewable energy sources.In this review,PEM-based electrocatalytic systems for H2 production are summarized systematically from low to high operating temperature systems.When the operating temperature is below 130℃,the representative device is a PEM water electrolyzer;its core components and respective functions,research status,and design strategies of key materials especially in electrocatalysts are presented and discussed.However,strong acidity,highly oxidative operating conditions,and the sluggish kinetics of the anode reaction of PEM water electrolyzers have limited their further development and shifted our attention to higher operating temperature PEM systems.Increasing the temperature of PEM-based electrocatalytic systems can cause an increase in current density,accelerate reaction kinetics and gas transport and reduce the ohmic value,activation losses,ΔGH*,and power consumption.Moreover,further increasing the operating temperature(120-300℃)of PEM-based devices endows various hydrogen carriers(e.g.,methanol,ethanol,and ammonia)with electrolysis,offering a new opportunity to produce hydrogen using PEM-based electrocatalytic systems.Finally,several future directions and prospects for developing PEM-based electrocatalytic systems for H_(2) production are proposed through devoting more efforts to the key components of devices and reduction of costs.
基金sponsored by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos. 22308145, 22208140, 22178159, 22078145)Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province (BK20230791)Postgraduate Research Innovation Program of Jiangsu Province (KYCX24_0165)。
文摘Removing H_(2)S and CO_(2)is of great significance for natural gas purification.With excellent gas affinity and tunable structure,ionic liquids(ILs) have been regarded as nontrivial candidates for fabricating polymer-based membranes.Herein,we firstly reported the incorporation of protic ILs (PILs) having ether-rich and carboxylate sites (ECPILs) into poly(ether-block-amide)(Pebax) matrix for efficient separation H_(2)S and CO_(2)from CH_(4).Notably,the optimal permeability of H_(2)S reaches up to 4310 Barrer (40C,0.50 bar) in Pebax/ECPIL membranes,along with H_(2)S/CH_(4)and (H_(2)StCO_(2))/CH_(4)selectivity of 97.7 and 112.3,respectively.These values are increased by 1125%,160.8%and 145.9%compared to those in neat Pebax membrane.Additionally,the solubility and diffusion coefficients of the gases were measured,demonstrating that ECPIL can simultaneously strengthen the dissolution and diffusion of H_(2)S and CO_(2),thus elevating the permeability and permselectivity.By using quantum chemical calculations and FT-IR spectroscopy,the highly reversible multi-site hydrogen bonding interaction between ECPILs and H_(2)S was revealed,which is responsible for the fast permeation of H_(2)S and good selectivity.Furthermore,H_(2)S/CO_(2)/CH_(4)(3/3/94 mol/mol) ternary mixed gas can be efficiently and stably separated by Pebax/ECPIL membrane for at least 100 h.Overall,this work not only illustrates that PILs with ether-rich and carboxylate hydrogen bonding sites are outstanding materials for simultaneous removal of H_(2)S and CO_(2),but may also provide a novel insight into the design of membrane materials for natural gas upgrading.
基金“Grassland Talents”of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region,Young Talents of Science and Technology in Universities of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region(NJYT23030)Technology Breakthrough Engineering Hydrogen Energy Field“Unveiling and Leading”Project(2024KJTW0018)+3 种基金“Steed Plan High Level Talents”of Inner Mongolia University,Carbon neutralization research project(STZX202218)National Natural Science Foundation of China(U22A20107),Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region Natural Science Foundation(2023MS02002)Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Materials and Technologies for Energy Conversion(MATEC2024KF011)National Key R&D Program of China(2022YFA1205201).
文摘Anion exchange membrane(AEM),as a kind of key membrane materials,has shown great application potential in many electrochemical fields,and remarkable progress has been made in related research in recent years.In this paper,the research status of AEM is reviewed,including its material design,preparation method,performance optimization and application in the fields of hydrogen production by electrolytic water,fuel cell and water treatment.In terms of material design,new polymer skeleton structures are emerging to regulate the stability of ion conduction channels and membranes by introducing specific functional groups or changing the molecular chain structure.The preparation methods have been gradually expanded from the traditional solution casting method to more advanced technologies,such as interfacial polymerization and electrostatic spinning,which effectively improve the microstructure and property uniformity of the film.Performance optimization focuses on improving ion conductivity,reducing membrane swelling rate and enhancing chemical stability,and a variety of modification strategies are developed and applied.Despite the achievements made so far,there are still some challenges,such as the lack of long-term stability in highly alkaline environments.Future research needs to further explore new material systems and preparation processes in order to promote the wide application and sustainable development of AEM technology in energy,environmental protection and other fields.
基金the National Key R&D Program of China(No.2021YFA1501503)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.22250008,22121004,22108197)+3 种基金the Haihe Laboratory of Sustainable Chemical Transformations(No.CYZC202107)the Natural Science Foundation of Tianjin City(No.21JCZXJC00060)the Program of Introducing Talents of Discipline to Universities(No.BP0618007)the Xplorer Prize for financial support。
文摘Membrane electrode assembly(MEA)is widely considered to be the most promising type of electrolyzer for the practical application of electrochemical CO_(2) reduction reaction(CO_(2)RR).In MEAs,a square-shaped cross-section in the flow channel is normally adopted,the configuration optimization of which could potentially enhance the performance of the electrolyzer.This paper describes the numerical simulation study on the impact of the flow-channel cross-section shapes in the MEA electrolyzer for CO_(2)RR.The results show that wide flow channels with low heights are beneficial to the CO_(2)RR by providing a uniform flow field of CO_(2),especially at high current densities.Moreover,the larger the electrolyzer,the more significant the effect is.This study provides a theoretical basis for the design of high-performance MEA electrolyzers for CO_(2)RR.
文摘Facilitated transport membranes for post-combustion carbon capture are one of the technologies to achieve efficient and large-scale capture.The central principle is to utilize the affinity of CO_(2) for the carrier to achieve efficient separation and to break the Robson upper bound.This paper reviews the progress of facilitated transport membranes research regarding polymer materials,principles,and problems faced at this stage.Firstly,we briefly introduce the transport mechanism of the facilitated transport membranes.Then the research progress of several major polymers used for facilitated transport membranes for CO_(2)/N_(2) separation was presented in the past five years.Additionally,we analyze the primary challenges of facilitated transport membranes,including the influence of water,the effect of temperature,the saturation effect of the carrier,and the process configuration.Finally,we also delve into the challenges and competitiveness of facilitated transport membranes.
基金financially supported by the Natural Science Foundation of ShanDong(Nos.ZR2023QD152 and ZR2021MD002).
文摘The application of photocatalytic technology in algae killing is limited by the non-floatability and difficulty in recycling of the photocatalysts.Loading photocatalyst on magnetic or floatable carriers is the most popular method for overcoming the above inadequacies.In this work,a CdZnS/TiO_(2) membrane photocatalyst with adjustable suspended depth(include floating)and flexible assembly is designed,which is less prone to dislodgement due to in situ synthesis and has a wider range of applicability than previously reported photocatalysts.The photocatalytic removal of Microcystis aeruginosa revealed that the suspended depth and distribution format of the CdZnS/TiO_(2) membrane photocatalysts have striking effects on the photocatalytic removal performance of Microcystis aeruginosa,the photocatalytic removal efficiency of CdZnS/TiO_(2)-2 membrane photocatalysts for Microcystis aeruginosa could reach to 98.6%in 60 min when the photocatalysts assembled in the form of 3×3 arrays suspended at a depth of 2 cm from the liquid surface.A tiny amount of TiO_(2) loading allows the formation of Z-Scheme heterojunction,resulting in accelerating the separation efficiency of photogenerated carriers,preserving the photogenerated electrons and holes with stronger reduction and oxidation ability and inhabiting the photo-corrosion of CdZnS.
基金Funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.52278453)Basic Scientific Research Project of Colleges and Universities of Liaoning Provincial Department of Education(Nos.LJ212410153013,LJKQZ2021060)。
文摘A new modified blend ultrafiltration(UF)membrane with good hydrophilicity,high porosity and excellent anti-fouling performance was developed by using carboxylic multi-walled carbon nanotube(CMWCNT)as casting solution additive.Furthermore,a composite nanofiltration(NF)membrane with large water flux and good retention rate was fabricated by using the PVDF/CMWCNT blend UF membrane as the substrate,and polyvinyl alcohol(PVA),β-cyclodextrin(β-CD)and polyethylenimine(PEI)as the coating solution.The results show that with the appropriate addition of CMWCNT in the casting solution,the surface roughness,porosity and recovery rate of the PVDF/CMWCNT blend UF membrane is obviously increased.The water flux of blend UF membrane is significantly improved when the CMWCNT content increases from 0 wt%to 0.2 wt%.The water flux of blend UF membrane with 0.2 wt%CMWCNT is 162.7 L/(m^(2)·h),which is 44.3%higher than that of the pure PVDF membrane.Whenβ-CD content is 0.8 wt%,the retention rate of Congo red by PVDF/CMWCNT/β-CD composite NF membrane reaches 98.7%,which is 28.3%higher than that of single PVA/PEI modified membrane.This research will provide a new idea and simple method for developing novel high-performance composite NF membranes.
基金financial support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.22108258 and 52003251)Program for Science&Technology Innovation Talents in Universities of Henan Province(24HASTIT004)+1 种基金Outstanding Youth Fund of Henan Scientific Committee(222300420085)Science and Technology Joint Project of Henan Province(222301420041)。
文摘Mixed matrix membranes(MMMs)have demonstrated significant promise in energy-intensive gas separations by amalgamating the unique properties of fillers with the facile processability of polymers.However,achieving a simultaneous enhancement of permeability and selectivity remains a formidable challenge,due to the difficulty of achieving an optimal match between polymers and fillers.In this study,we incorporate a porous carbon-based zinc oxide composite(C@ZnO)into high-permeability polymers of intrinsic microporosity(PIMs)to fabricate MMMs.The dipole–dipole interaction between C@ZnO and PIMs ensures their exceptional compatibility,mitigating the formation of non-selective voids in the resulting MMMs.Concurrently,C@ZnO with abundant interconnected pores can provide additional low-resistance pathways for gas transport in MMMs.As a result,the CO_(2) permeability of the optimized C@ZnO/PIM-1 MMMs is elevated to 13,215 barrer,while the CO_(2)/N_(2) and CO_(2)/CH_(4) selectivity reached 21.5 and 14.4,respectively,substantially surpassing the 2008 Robeson upper bound.Additionally,molecular simulation results further corroborate that the augmented membrane gas selectivity is attributed to the superior CO_(2) affinity of C@ZnO.In summary,we believe that this work not only expands the application of MMMs for gas separation but also heralds a paradigm shift in the application of porous carbon materials.
文摘The plasma membrane(PM)plays an essential role in maintaining cell homeostasis,therefore,timely and effective repair of damage caused by factors such as mechanical rupture,pore-forming toxins,or pore-forming proteins is crucial for cell survival.PM damage induces membrane rupture and stimulates an immune response.However,damage resulting from regulated cell death processes,including pyroptosis,ferroptosis,and necroptosis,cannot be repaired by simple sealing mechanisms and thus,requires specialized repair machinery.Recent research has identified a PM repair mechanism of regulated cell death-related injury,mediated by the endosomal sorting complexes required for transport(ESCRT)machinery.Here,we review recent progress in elucidating the ESCRT machinery-mediated repair mechanism of PM injury,with particular focus on processes related to regulated cell death.This overview,along with continued research in this field,may provide novel insights into therapeutic targets for diseases associated with dysregulation of regulated cell death pathways.
