We report a detailed investigation on the use of chelators PYTAM,H4PYTAMGly,CHX-PYTAM and H4CHXPYTAMGly for the complexation of Pb(Ⅱ)-radioisotopes with potential use in the preparation of radiopharmaceuticals.The ma...We report a detailed investigation on the use of chelators PYTAM,H4PYTAMGly,CHX-PYTAM and H4CHXPYTAMGly for the complexation of Pb(Ⅱ)-radioisotopes with potential use in the preparation of radiopharmaceuticals.The macrocyclic backbones from which the chelators are prepared,PYAN(3,6,10,13-tetraaza-1,8(2,6)-dipyridinacyclotetradecaphane)or CHX-PYAN((4^(1)R,4^(2)R,10^(1)R,10^(2)R)-3,5,9,11-tetraaza-1,7(2,6)-dipyridina-4,10(1,2)-dicyclohexanacyclododecaphane).展开更多
Geometric isomers are very important and interesting in the field of optical materials.In this work,we have designed and synthesized a new series of geometric isomers of iridium complexes featuring three charged(0,-1,...Geometric isomers are very important and interesting in the field of optical materials.In this work,we have designed and synthesized a new series of geometric isomers of iridium complexes featuring three charged(0,-1,-2)ligands,which contain a rigid asymmetric four-membered Ir-N-C-S chelating ring.The reaction of iridium complex precursors(2a and 2b)with an equal amount of the four-membered ring S^N ligand at a low temperature produces the kinetic isomers Ir1K and Ir2K,while a higher temperature leads to the formation of their corresponding thermodynamic isomers Ir1T and Ir2T.The X-ray diffraction analysis shows that the kinetic isomers exhibit a trans-S^N configuration,which is in contrast with the trans-N^N configuration of the thermodynamic isomers,and their coordination bond lengths,bond angles and packing patterns are also quite different.More importantly,all isomers showed efficient deepred emission(619-676 nm),and the thermodynamic isomers have shorter emission wavelengths,longer excited state lifetimes and higher luminescent efficiencies than their corresponding kinetic isomers.Theoretical calculations show that the four-membered ring S^N ligand in the thermodynamic isomers is more involved in the excited state than that in the kinetic isomers,and the^(3)MLCT effects are more pronounced in the thermodynamic isomers.Notably,OLED devices incorporating both thermodynamic and kinetic isomers(Ir2T and Ir2K)as emitting layers can achieve good maximum external quantum efficiencies(EQEs)(5.0%and 4.6%)peaking at 642 nm and 643 nm of the deep-red region with CIE coordinates(0.675,0.323)and(0.668,0.329),respectively,accompanied by a low turn-on voltage(3.0 V).This study provides an important strategy for the design of deep-red emitting geometric isomers of iridium complexes and their photoelectric applications.展开更多
We report a density functional theory study on the ruthenium-catalyzed decarbonylative annulation of an alkyne with a six-membered hydroxychromone via C–H/C–C activation.The plausible catalytic cycles involve O–H d...We report a density functional theory study on the ruthenium-catalyzed decarbonylative annulation of an alkyne with a six-membered hydroxychromone via C–H/C–C activation.The plausible catalytic cycles involve O–H deprotonation,C–H activation,alkyne insertion and formal[3+2]cycloaddition,oxidative insertion and decarbonylation,reductive annulation and the recovery of the catalyst.展开更多
Progressive photoreceptor cell death is one of the main pathological features of age-related macular degeneration and eventually leads to vision loss.Ferroptosis has been demonstrated to be associated with retinal deg...Progressive photoreceptor cell death is one of the main pathological features of age-related macular degeneration and eventually leads to vision loss.Ferroptosis has been demonstrated to be associated with retinal degenerative diseases.However,the molecular mechanisms underlying ferroptosis and photoreceptor cell death in age-related macular degeneration remain largely unexplored.Bioinformatics and biochemical analyses in this study revealed xC^(–),solute carrier family 7 member 11-regulated ferroptosis as the predominant pathological process of photoreceptor cell degeneration in a light-induced dry age-related macular degeneration mouse model.This process involves the nuclear factor-erythroid factor 2-related factor 2-solute carrier family 7 member 11-glutathione peroxidase 4 signaling pathway,through which cystine depletion,iron ion accumulation,and enhanced lipid peroxidation ultimately lead to photoreceptor cell death and subsequent visual function impairment.We demonstrated that solute carrier family 7 member 11 overexpression blocked this process by inhibiting oxidative stress in vitro and in vivo.Conversely,solute carrier family 7 member 11 knockdown or the solute carrier family 7 member 11 inhibitor sulfasalazine and ferroptosis-inducing agent erastin aggravated H_(2)O_(2)-induced ferroptosis of 661W cells.These findings indicate solute carrier family 7 member 11 may be a potential therapeutic target for patients with retinal degenerative diseases including age-related macular degeneration.展开更多
There have been a few theoretical calculations of resonance energies (RE) and bond orders of conjugated hydrocarbons containing a four-membered ring. By using the structure-resonance theory Herndon calculated the RE f...There have been a few theoretical calculations of resonance energies (RE) and bond orders of conjugated hydrocarbons containing a four-membered ring. By using the structure-resonance theory Herndon calculated the RE for a wide range of conjugated hydrocarbons.展开更多
In this paper, a method of local symmetry is applied to metallo-organic 5-membered and 6-membered ring poly-decker sandwiches (briefly called 5-membered sandwich Ⅰ and 6-membered sandwich Ⅱ), and the nature of their...In this paper, a method of local symmetry is applied to metallo-organic 5-membered and 6-membered ring poly-decker sandwiches (briefly called 5-membered sandwich Ⅰ and 6-membered sandwich Ⅱ), and the nature of their chemical bond is discussed by means of the HMO theory. The stable electronic configuration for these sandwiches is obtained. A working rule for the total number of valence electrons being 6(2n+l)+4t is proposed. It is reasonable to suggest some potential synthetic goals of poly-decker sandwiches. The discovery in 1951 of the transition metal π-complex, ferrocene, created a new research field of metalloorganic sandwiches. Since then, a lot of bis-decker sandwich-展开更多
Enantioselective domino alkenylation-alkynylation of olefins is achieved for the first time,using terminal alkynes directly as pronucleophiles.The new reaction enables facile construction of azacycles carrying quatern...Enantioselective domino alkenylation-alkynylation of olefins is achieved for the first time,using terminal alkynes directly as pronucleophiles.The new reaction enables facile construction of azacycles carrying quaternary stereocenters,including 5–7 membered pyrrolidines,piperidines and tetrahydroazepines.Moreover,alkynyl groups in azacyclic products provide a useful handle for derivatization that formed both fused and bridged azabicycles.展开更多
Gargantulides B and C,two new and highly complex 52-membered glycosylated macrolactones,were isolated from Amycolatopsis sp.strain CA-230715 during an antibacterial screening campaign.The structures of these giant mac...Gargantulides B and C,two new and highly complex 52-membered glycosylated macrolactones,were isolated from Amycolatopsis sp.strain CA-230715 during an antibacterial screening campaign.The structures of these giant macrolides were elucidated by 2D NMR spectroscopy and shown to be related to gargantulide A,although containing additional β-glucopyranose and/orα-arabinofuranose monosaccharides separately attached to their backbones.Genome sequencing allowed the identification of a strikingly large 216 kbp biosynthetic gene cluster,among the largest type Ⅰ PKS clusters described so far,and the proposal of a previously unreported biosynthetic pathway for gargantulides A-C.The absolute configurations of gargantulides B and C were assigned based on a combination of NMR and bioinformatics analysis of ketoreductase and enoylreductase domains within the multimodular type Ⅰ PKS.In addition,the absolute stereochemistry of gargantulide A has now been revised and completed.Gargantulides B and C display potent antibacterial activity against a set of drug-resistant Gram-positive bacteria and moderate activity against the clinically relevant Gram-negative pathogen Acinetobacter baumannii.展开更多
A novel and efficient[3+2]annulation of 2-substituted aziridines and N-tosyl cyanamides via a dominoregioselective ring-opening/5-exo-dig cyclization procedure has been developed,allowing the directpreparation of N_(2...A novel and efficient[3+2]annulation of 2-substituted aziridines and N-tosyl cyanamides via a dominoregioselective ring-opening/5-exo-dig cyclization procedure has been developed,allowing the directpreparation of N_(2)-unprotected five-membered cyclic guanidines in good to excellent yields under mildconditions without metals and strong bases.Moreover,the highly biologically interesting urea analoguescould also be conveniently obtained via hydrolysis of the produced guanidines.展开更多
Background:Continuous care for children with enterostomy and their families has been gaining popularity in China.Objective:To evaluate the feasibility of continuous care for children with enterostomy and their familie...Background:Continuous care for children with enterostomy and their families has been gaining popularity in China.Objective:To evaluate the feasibility of continuous care for children with enterostomy and their families in China.Methods:The PubMed,Web of Science,Embase,Cochrane Library,EBSCO,CNKI,CBM,VIP,and WanFang were searched for clinical trials until December 30,2025.Two reviewers independently searched articles,evaluated quality and extracted data.This review was conducted in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses(PRISMA).Results:33 studies involving 2774 participants were included.The meta-analysis showed that continuous care strategy can significantly reduce the incidence of complications in children with enterostomy(OR=0.20,95%CI=0.16-0.26,p<0.001,I2=0%),effectively improve the family caregiver ability for enterostomy(MD=-10.34,95%CI=-13.82 to-6.85,p<0.001,I2=99%),shorten the time for family members to replace stoma bags(MD=-13.57,95%CI=-19.66 to-7.49,p<0.001,I2=100%),and alleviate negative emotions such as anxiety(SMD=-1.80,95%CI=-2.36 to-1.23,p<0.001,I2=92%)and depression(SMD=-1.54,95%CI=-2.04 to-1.04,p<0.001,I2=89%)in the families of the affected children.Conclusions:Continuous care can reduce complications of enterostomy in children,improve the family caregiver ability for enterostomy and alleviate negative emotions of family members such as anxiety and depression.展开更多
新学期伊始,翻开鲁科版五四制小学英语的第七单元,《Family》的标题赫然在目,和所有英语老师一样,我对这个单元的内容、流程再熟悉不过了。按照以往的经验,我会带着孩子们认读图片、跟读录音、分组进行角色扮演,最后再进行一次基础小测...新学期伊始,翻开鲁科版五四制小学英语的第七单元,《Family》的标题赫然在目,和所有英语老师一样,我对这个单元的内容、流程再熟悉不过了。按照以往的经验,我会带着孩子们认读图片、跟读录音、分组进行角色扮演,最后再进行一次基础小测验。孩子们大多能流利地指着图片说出“This is my father.”但我总感觉缺了点什么,这些词汇对于他们而言,似乎只是一张需要死记硬背的单词表,与那个充满烟火气、承载着他们所有喜怒哀乐的“家”,隔着一层看不见的屏障。直到我看到坐在窗边的小雅,在课本“全家福”插图的旁边,用铅笔认真画了一个歪歪扭扭的小人,旁边工工整整地写着“me”。展开更多
This paper proposes an approach to determing the optimal cluster spacing for volume fracturing in shale oil reservoirs based on three scales,i.e.microscopic capillary displacement,large-scale core imbibition,and macro...This paper proposes an approach to determing the optimal cluster spacing for volume fracturing in shale oil reservoirs based on three scales,i.e.microscopic capillary displacement,large-scale core imbibition,and macroscopic reservoir nuclear magnetic resonance(NMR)logging.Through flow experiments using capillary with different diameters and lengths,and large-scale core counter-current and dynamic imbibition tests,and combing with the NMR logging data of single wells,a graded optimization criterion for cluster spacing is established.The proposed approach was tested in the shale oil reservoir in the seventh member of the Triassic Yanchang Formation(Change 7 Member),the Ordos Basin.The following findings are obtained.First,in the Chang 7 reservoir,oil in pores smaller than 8μm requires a threshold pressure,and for 2-8μm pores,the movable drainage distance ranges from 0.7 m to 4.6 m under a pressure difference of 27 mPa.Second,the large-scale core imbibition tests show a counter-current imbibition distance of only 10 cm,but a dynamic imbibition distance up to 30 cm.Third,in-situ NMR logging results verified that the post-fracturing matrix drainage radius around fractures is 0-4 m,which is consistent with those of capillary flow experiments and large-scale core imbibition tests.The main pore-size range(2-8μm)of the Chang 7 reservoir corresponds to a permeability interval of(0.1-0.4)×10^(-3)μm^(2).Accordingly,a graded optimization criterion for cluster spacing is proposed as follows:for reservoirs with permeability less than 0.20×10^(-3)μm^(2),the cluster spacing should be reduced to smaller than 4.2 m;for reservoirs with permeability of(0.2-0.4)×10^(-3)μm^(2),the cluster spacing should be designed as 4.2-9.2 m.Field application on a pilot platform,where the cluster spacing was reduced to 4.0-6.0 m,yielded an increased initial oil production by approximately 36.6%over a 100-m horizontal reservoir section as compared with untested similar platforms.展开更多
Time flows with no stop,and seasons change in swift succession.As we bid farewell to 2025 and welcome the Spring Festival of 2026,the Editorial Office of Petroleum Exploration and Development extends our most heartfel...Time flows with no stop,and seasons change in swift succession.As we bid farewell to 2025 and welcome the Spring Festival of 2026,the Editorial Office of Petroleum Exploration and Development extends our most heartfelt gratitude and sincerest New Year wishes to our editorial board members,experts,authors,readers,and friends from all sectors.展开更多
Born in Penglai,Shandong Province in 1942,Jiang Baolin is currently working as a doctoral supervisor at the Chinese National Academy of Arts.He’s also a committee member and researcher at the China National Academy o...Born in Penglai,Shandong Province in 1942,Jiang Baolin is currently working as a doctoral supervisor at the Chinese National Academy of Arts.He’s also a committee member and researcher at the China National Academy of Painting.He graduated from Zhejiang Academy of Fine Arts(now China Academy of Art),studying under such masters as Lu Yanshao and Gu Kunbo,and later pursued his master’s degree at the Central Academy of Fine Arts,sitting at the feet of masters like Li Keran.展开更多
As spring draws near,virtually everything is being renewed.During this year’s two sessions(the fourth session of the 14th National People’s Congress[NPC]and the fourth session of the 14th National Committee of the C...As spring draws near,virtually everything is being renewed.During this year’s two sessions(the fourth session of the 14th National People’s Congress[NPC]and the fourth session of the 14th National Committee of the Chinese People’s Political Consultative Conference[CPPCC]),deputies to the 14th NPC and members of the 14th CPPCC National Committee,from all regions of the country,and various segments of society,gathered in Beijing,in March.展开更多
Disulfidptosis is a newly identified form of regulated cell death(RCD)first described in 2023,representing a significant advance in understanding programmed cell death pathways.This unique cell death modality is chara...Disulfidptosis is a newly identified form of regulated cell death(RCD)first described in 2023,representing a significant advance in understanding programmed cell death pathways.This unique cell death modality is characterized by abnormal intracellular accumulation of disulfide bonds and disruption of redox homeostasis,leading to cytoskeletal collapse without caspase activation.Disulfidptosis is primarily triggered by glucose deprivation in cells with high expression of solute carrier family 7 member 11(SLC7A11).Under these conditions,insufficient NADPH supply prevents the effective reduction of accumulated cystine to cysteine,thereby inducing disulfide stress.Distinct from apoptosis,ferroptosis,cuproptosis,or pyroptosis,disulfidptosis exhibits unique metabolic dependencies and a hallmark feature of cytoskeletal disintegration.Current evidence indicates that this mechanism is operative in various tumor types,including hepatocellular carcinoma,colorectal cancer,and lung adenocarcinoma,suggesting its potential therapeutic relevance.Therapeutic strategies targeting disulfidptosis include modulation of metabolic pathways—such as the use of GLUT1 or G6PD inhibitors—to selectively induce this form of cell death in cancer cells.This review systematically summarizes current understanding,aiming to elucidate the unique mechanisms and therapeutic potential of disulfidptosis,and provides a foundational framework for future studies and the development of innovative strategies targeting tumor metabolic vulnerabilities.展开更多
Journal of Mountain Science(JMS)is a monthly peer-reviewed scientific journal covering research on natural and anthropogenic environmental changes and sustainable development in mountain areas.JMS is sponsored by Inst...Journal of Mountain Science(JMS)is a monthly peer-reviewed scientific journal covering research on natural and anthropogenic environmental changes and sustainable development in mountain areas.JMS is sponsored by Institute of Mountain Hazards and Environment,Chinese Academy of Sciences,supervised by Chinese Academy of Sciences,and published by Science Press and Springer Nature.JMS was launched in 2004 and indexed by SCI in 2007.JMS has a distinctly international character,with editorial board members and scientific editors from over 30 countries(regions)and international organizations,and authors and reviewers from more than 100 countries and regions.展开更多
Background:An increasing number of studies have shown that ferroptosis is related to the initiation and development of small cell lung cancer(SCLC).The systematic review aimed to summarize the characteristics of ferro...Background:An increasing number of studies have shown that ferroptosis is related to the initiation and development of small cell lung cancer(SCLC).The systematic review aimed to summarize the characteristics of ferroptosis from its pathogenetic role to translational therapeutic implications in SCLC.Methods:This systematic review,registered in PROSPERO(CRD420251090058),followed PRISMA 2020 guidelines.Comprehensive research of PubMed,Scopus,and Web of Science was performed for studies published between January 2010 and July 2025 investigating ferroptosis mechanisms,genetic or pharmacological modulation,or molecular profiling in SCLC.Two reviewers independently performed data extraction and quality assessment.Results:Nineteen preclinical studies met the inclusion criteria.Key regulators included solute carrier family 7 member 11(SLC7A11),glutathione peroxidase 4(GPX4),ferroptosis suppressor protein 1(FSP1),and acyl-CoA synthetase long chain family member 4(ACSL4).The molecular subtypes of SCLC,achaete-scute homolog 1(ASCL1),neuronal differentiation 1(NEUROD1),POU class 2 homeobox 3(POU2F3),and Yes1 associated transcriptional regulator(YAP1)exhibit differential ferroptosis gene expressions,influencing therapeutic responsiveness.Non-neuroendocrine subtypes are more ferroptosis-prone,whereas neuroendocrine variants display enhanced antioxidant defenses.Ferroptosis induction also promotes immune activation through stimulator of interferon genes(STING)-mediated CD8+T-cell recruitment.Conclusions:Ferroptosis constitutes a promising therapeutic axis in SCLC.Integrating ferroptosis biomarkers into molecular stratification frameworks could refine patient selection and support precision oncology strategies,warranting further translational and clinical validation.展开更多
Objectives:Acquired resistance to paclitaxel represents a critical barrier to the effective chemotherapy of non-small cell lung cancer(NSCLC).The present study aimed to elucidate the molecular and pharmacological mech...Objectives:Acquired resistance to paclitaxel represents a critical barrier to the effective chemotherapy of non-small cell lung cancer(NSCLC).The present study aimed to elucidate the molecular and pharmacological mechanisms promoting paclitaxel resistance in NSCLC and to explore potential strategies for overcoming this resistance.Methods:Here,we report an integrated pharmacological and analytical approach to quantify paclitaxel disposition and overcome resistance in a A549/TAX cell model(paclitaxel-resistant A549 cells).Results:Cell counting kit-8(CCK-8)assay,colony formation,and apoptosis assays confirmed that A549/TAX cells exhibited marked resistance to paclitaxel relative to parental A549 cells.Based on transcriptome profiling by RNA sequencing analysis and validation by western blotting assay,we found that the expression of the ATP-binding cassette subfamily B member 1(ABCB1)(the encoded protein is termed P-glycoprotein)was significantly upregulated in resistant cells.By using ultra performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry(UPLC-MS/MS),we demonstrated that ABCB1 overexpression promotes enhanced efflux of intracellular paclitaxel,thereby lowering its cytotoxic accumulation.Genetic silencing of ABCB1 or pharmacological inhibition with the specific P-glycoprotein modulator elacridar or tariquidar restored intracellular paclitaxel levels,as determined by UPLC-MS/MS,and synergistically decreased cell viability as observed in CCK-8 assay.Conclusion:These findings reveal that the ABCB1-mediated drug efflux is a crucial mechanism underlying paclitaxel resistance in NSCLC cells,with UPLC-MS/MS serving as a sensitive analytical method to detect paclitaxel concentration.Inhibition of ABCB1 is a promising therapeutic strategy to resensitize resistant tumor cells to paclitaxel.展开更多
Objectives:The current treatment options and therapeutic targets for triple-negative breast cancer(TNBC),an aggressive subtype of breast cancer(BrCA),are limited.This study aimed to identify novel biomarkers and trans...Objectives:The current treatment options and therapeutic targets for triple-negative breast cancer(TNBC),an aggressive subtype of breast cancer(BrCA),are limited.This study aimed to identify novel biomarkers and transcriptional regulatory networks(TRN)inherent in TNBC samples.Methods:We analyzed pan-cancer BrCA datasets from The Cancer Genome Atlas(TCGA)to compare triple-positive breast cancer(TPBC)with TNBC.TRN algorithms and virtual inference of protein-enriched regulon(VIPER)were used to identify master regulators and their target genes.Utilizing TNBC cells(MDA-MB-231 and MDA-MB-468),we validated the relationship of nuclear factor erythroid 2-like 3(NFE2L3)and basic helix-loop-helix family member E 40(BHLHE40)by performing a luciferase assay.The expression levels of these targets were measured after transfections with plasmid and siRNA via qRT-PCR and western blots.The effect of these genes on cell proliferation and migration was studied using phenotypic assays.Results:Using computational approaches,we identified NFE2L3 as a master regulator with BHLHE40 as its target gene.NFE2L3 protein binds to the promoter region of BHLHE40 and regulates its transcriptional activity.Additionally,silencing and overexpressing NFE2L3 and BHLHE40 in TNBC cell lines MDA-MB-231 and MDA-MB-468 showed that NFE2L3 directly regulates BHLHE40 at both transcriptional and translational levels.We found that BHLHE40 requires NFE2L3 for cell proliferation and migration in TNBC.Conclusion:These findings underscore the significance of NFE2L3 and BHLHE40 in TNBC,highlighting NFE2L3’s role in regulating the oncogenic activity of BHLHE40 in TNBC cells.展开更多
基金D.E.-G.and C.P.-I.thank Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación(Grants PID2019-104626GB-I00 and PID2022-138335NB-I00)Xunta de Galicia(ED431C 2023/33)for generous financial support.C.Hthanks Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación(Grant PRE2020-092888)for funding her PhD contract and a short-term research visit to SFU and TRIUMF.
文摘We report a detailed investigation on the use of chelators PYTAM,H4PYTAMGly,CHX-PYTAM and H4CHXPYTAMGly for the complexation of Pb(Ⅱ)-radioisotopes with potential use in the preparation of radiopharmaceuticals.The macrocyclic backbones from which the chelators are prepared,PYAN(3,6,10,13-tetraaza-1,8(2,6)-dipyridinacyclotetradecaphane)or CHX-PYAN((4^(1)R,4^(2)R,10^(1)R,10^(2)R)-3,5,9,11-tetraaza-1,7(2,6)-dipyridina-4,10(1,2)-dicyclohexanacyclododecaphane).
基金support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(22171109 and 22001097)the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province of China(BK20201003)+1 种基金the Postdoctoral Research Foundation of China(2021M701657)the Shenzhen Science and Technology Program(KQTD20170330110107046).
文摘Geometric isomers are very important and interesting in the field of optical materials.In this work,we have designed and synthesized a new series of geometric isomers of iridium complexes featuring three charged(0,-1,-2)ligands,which contain a rigid asymmetric four-membered Ir-N-C-S chelating ring.The reaction of iridium complex precursors(2a and 2b)with an equal amount of the four-membered ring S^N ligand at a low temperature produces the kinetic isomers Ir1K and Ir2K,while a higher temperature leads to the formation of their corresponding thermodynamic isomers Ir1T and Ir2T.The X-ray diffraction analysis shows that the kinetic isomers exhibit a trans-S^N configuration,which is in contrast with the trans-N^N configuration of the thermodynamic isomers,and their coordination bond lengths,bond angles and packing patterns are also quite different.More importantly,all isomers showed efficient deepred emission(619-676 nm),and the thermodynamic isomers have shorter emission wavelengths,longer excited state lifetimes and higher luminescent efficiencies than their corresponding kinetic isomers.Theoretical calculations show that the four-membered ring S^N ligand in the thermodynamic isomers is more involved in the excited state than that in the kinetic isomers,and the^(3)MLCT effects are more pronounced in the thermodynamic isomers.Notably,OLED devices incorporating both thermodynamic and kinetic isomers(Ir2T and Ir2K)as emitting layers can achieve good maximum external quantum efficiencies(EQEs)(5.0%and 4.6%)peaking at 642 nm and 643 nm of the deep-red region with CIE coordinates(0.675,0.323)and(0.668,0.329),respectively,accompanied by a low turn-on voltage(3.0 V).This study provides an important strategy for the design of deep-red emitting geometric isomers of iridium complexes and their photoelectric applications.
基金This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(22173010 and 21773010).
文摘We report a density functional theory study on the ruthenium-catalyzed decarbonylative annulation of an alkyne with a six-membered hydroxychromone via C–H/C–C activation.The plausible catalytic cycles involve O–H deprotonation,C–H activation,alkyne insertion and formal[3+2]cycloaddition,oxidative insertion and decarbonylation,reductive annulation and the recovery of the catalyst.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China,Nos.82171076(to XS)and U22A20311(to XS),82101168(to TL)Shanghai Science and technology Innovation Action Plan,No.23Y11901300(to JS)+1 种基金Science and Technology Commission of Shanghai Municipality,No.21ZR1451500(to TL)Shanghai Pujiang Program,No.22PJ1412200(to BY)。
文摘Progressive photoreceptor cell death is one of the main pathological features of age-related macular degeneration and eventually leads to vision loss.Ferroptosis has been demonstrated to be associated with retinal degenerative diseases.However,the molecular mechanisms underlying ferroptosis and photoreceptor cell death in age-related macular degeneration remain largely unexplored.Bioinformatics and biochemical analyses in this study revealed xC^(–),solute carrier family 7 member 11-regulated ferroptosis as the predominant pathological process of photoreceptor cell degeneration in a light-induced dry age-related macular degeneration mouse model.This process involves the nuclear factor-erythroid factor 2-related factor 2-solute carrier family 7 member 11-glutathione peroxidase 4 signaling pathway,through which cystine depletion,iron ion accumulation,and enhanced lipid peroxidation ultimately lead to photoreceptor cell death and subsequent visual function impairment.We demonstrated that solute carrier family 7 member 11 overexpression blocked this process by inhibiting oxidative stress in vitro and in vivo.Conversely,solute carrier family 7 member 11 knockdown or the solute carrier family 7 member 11 inhibitor sulfasalazine and ferroptosis-inducing agent erastin aggravated H_(2)O_(2)-induced ferroptosis of 661W cells.These findings indicate solute carrier family 7 member 11 may be a potential therapeutic target for patients with retinal degenerative diseases including age-related macular degeneration.
文摘There have been a few theoretical calculations of resonance energies (RE) and bond orders of conjugated hydrocarbons containing a four-membered ring. By using the structure-resonance theory Herndon calculated the RE for a wide range of conjugated hydrocarbons.
文摘In this paper, a method of local symmetry is applied to metallo-organic 5-membered and 6-membered ring poly-decker sandwiches (briefly called 5-membered sandwich Ⅰ and 6-membered sandwich Ⅱ), and the nature of their chemical bond is discussed by means of the HMO theory. The stable electronic configuration for these sandwiches is obtained. A working rule for the total number of valence electrons being 6(2n+l)+4t is proposed. It is reasonable to suggest some potential synthetic goals of poly-decker sandwiches. The discovery in 1951 of the transition metal π-complex, ferrocene, created a new research field of metalloorganic sandwiches. Since then, a lot of bis-decker sandwich-
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(22271007)the Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School+2 种基金the State Key Laboratory of Chemical Oncogenomicsthe Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Genomicsthe Shenzhen Bay Laboratory and Shanghai Key Laboratory for Molecular Engineering of Chiral Drugs for JSZ。
文摘Enantioselective domino alkenylation-alkynylation of olefins is achieved for the first time,using terminal alkynes directly as pronucleophiles.The new reaction enables facile construction of azacycles carrying quaternary stereocenters,including 5–7 membered pyrrolidines,piperidines and tetrahydroazepines.Moreover,alkynyl groups in azacyclic products provide a useful handle for derivatization that formed both fused and bridged azabicycles.
基金funded by grants of the Novo Nordisk Foundation,Denmark[NNF20CC0035580,NNF16OC0021746]Doctoral Programme in Pharmacy(B15.56.1),Doctoral School in Health Sciences,University of Granada,52005 Granada,Spain.
文摘Gargantulides B and C,two new and highly complex 52-membered glycosylated macrolactones,were isolated from Amycolatopsis sp.strain CA-230715 during an antibacterial screening campaign.The structures of these giant macrolides were elucidated by 2D NMR spectroscopy and shown to be related to gargantulide A,although containing additional β-glucopyranose and/orα-arabinofuranose monosaccharides separately attached to their backbones.Genome sequencing allowed the identification of a strikingly large 216 kbp biosynthetic gene cluster,among the largest type Ⅰ PKS clusters described so far,and the proposal of a previously unreported biosynthetic pathway for gargantulides A-C.The absolute configurations of gargantulides B and C were assigned based on a combination of NMR and bioinformatics analysis of ketoreductase and enoylreductase domains within the multimodular type Ⅰ PKS.In addition,the absolute stereochemistry of gargantulide A has now been revised and completed.Gargantulides B and C display potent antibacterial activity against a set of drug-resistant Gram-positive bacteria and moderate activity against the clinically relevant Gram-negative pathogen Acinetobacter baumannii.
基金support from the Natural Science Foundation of Henan Province(grant no.212300410152)the Key Scientific and Technological Project of Henan Province(grant no.212102110439)+1 种基金Henan University of Animal Husbandry and Economy(grant no.2019HNUAHEDF011 and XKYCXJJ2020006)the Key Scientific Research Project for Colleges and Universities of Henan Province(grant no.22B150005)。
文摘A novel and efficient[3+2]annulation of 2-substituted aziridines and N-tosyl cyanamides via a dominoregioselective ring-opening/5-exo-dig cyclization procedure has been developed,allowing the directpreparation of N_(2)-unprotected five-membered cyclic guanidines in good to excellent yields under mildconditions without metals and strong bases.Moreover,the highly biologically interesting urea analoguescould also be conveniently obtained via hydrolysis of the produced guanidines.
文摘Background:Continuous care for children with enterostomy and their families has been gaining popularity in China.Objective:To evaluate the feasibility of continuous care for children with enterostomy and their families in China.Methods:The PubMed,Web of Science,Embase,Cochrane Library,EBSCO,CNKI,CBM,VIP,and WanFang were searched for clinical trials until December 30,2025.Two reviewers independently searched articles,evaluated quality and extracted data.This review was conducted in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses(PRISMA).Results:33 studies involving 2774 participants were included.The meta-analysis showed that continuous care strategy can significantly reduce the incidence of complications in children with enterostomy(OR=0.20,95%CI=0.16-0.26,p<0.001,I2=0%),effectively improve the family caregiver ability for enterostomy(MD=-10.34,95%CI=-13.82 to-6.85,p<0.001,I2=99%),shorten the time for family members to replace stoma bags(MD=-13.57,95%CI=-19.66 to-7.49,p<0.001,I2=100%),and alleviate negative emotions such as anxiety(SMD=-1.80,95%CI=-2.36 to-1.23,p<0.001,I2=92%)and depression(SMD=-1.54,95%CI=-2.04 to-1.04,p<0.001,I2=89%)in the families of the affected children.Conclusions:Continuous care can reduce complications of enterostomy in children,improve the family caregiver ability for enterostomy and alleviate negative emotions of family members such as anxiety and depression.
文摘新学期伊始,翻开鲁科版五四制小学英语的第七单元,《Family》的标题赫然在目,和所有英语老师一样,我对这个单元的内容、流程再熟悉不过了。按照以往的经验,我会带着孩子们认读图片、跟读录音、分组进行角色扮演,最后再进行一次基础小测验。孩子们大多能流利地指着图片说出“This is my father.”但我总感觉缺了点什么,这些词汇对于他们而言,似乎只是一张需要死记硬背的单词表,与那个充满烟火气、承载着他们所有喜怒哀乐的“家”,隔着一层看不见的屏障。直到我看到坐在窗边的小雅,在课本“全家福”插图的旁边,用铅笔认真画了一个歪歪扭扭的小人,旁边工工整整地写着“me”。
基金Supported by the China National Oil and Gas Major Project(2025ZD1404800)PetroChina Science and Technology Major Project(2023ZZ15YJ03)CNPC Changqing Oilfield Company Major Special Project(2023DZZ04)。
文摘This paper proposes an approach to determing the optimal cluster spacing for volume fracturing in shale oil reservoirs based on three scales,i.e.microscopic capillary displacement,large-scale core imbibition,and macroscopic reservoir nuclear magnetic resonance(NMR)logging.Through flow experiments using capillary with different diameters and lengths,and large-scale core counter-current and dynamic imbibition tests,and combing with the NMR logging data of single wells,a graded optimization criterion for cluster spacing is established.The proposed approach was tested in the shale oil reservoir in the seventh member of the Triassic Yanchang Formation(Change 7 Member),the Ordos Basin.The following findings are obtained.First,in the Chang 7 reservoir,oil in pores smaller than 8μm requires a threshold pressure,and for 2-8μm pores,the movable drainage distance ranges from 0.7 m to 4.6 m under a pressure difference of 27 mPa.Second,the large-scale core imbibition tests show a counter-current imbibition distance of only 10 cm,but a dynamic imbibition distance up to 30 cm.Third,in-situ NMR logging results verified that the post-fracturing matrix drainage radius around fractures is 0-4 m,which is consistent with those of capillary flow experiments and large-scale core imbibition tests.The main pore-size range(2-8μm)of the Chang 7 reservoir corresponds to a permeability interval of(0.1-0.4)×10^(-3)μm^(2).Accordingly,a graded optimization criterion for cluster spacing is proposed as follows:for reservoirs with permeability less than 0.20×10^(-3)μm^(2),the cluster spacing should be reduced to smaller than 4.2 m;for reservoirs with permeability of(0.2-0.4)×10^(-3)μm^(2),the cluster spacing should be designed as 4.2-9.2 m.Field application on a pilot platform,where the cluster spacing was reduced to 4.0-6.0 m,yielded an increased initial oil production by approximately 36.6%over a 100-m horizontal reservoir section as compared with untested similar platforms.
文摘Time flows with no stop,and seasons change in swift succession.As we bid farewell to 2025 and welcome the Spring Festival of 2026,the Editorial Office of Petroleum Exploration and Development extends our most heartfelt gratitude and sincerest New Year wishes to our editorial board members,experts,authors,readers,and friends from all sectors.
文摘Born in Penglai,Shandong Province in 1942,Jiang Baolin is currently working as a doctoral supervisor at the Chinese National Academy of Arts.He’s also a committee member and researcher at the China National Academy of Painting.He graduated from Zhejiang Academy of Fine Arts(now China Academy of Art),studying under such masters as Lu Yanshao and Gu Kunbo,and later pursued his master’s degree at the Central Academy of Fine Arts,sitting at the feet of masters like Li Keran.
文摘As spring draws near,virtually everything is being renewed.During this year’s two sessions(the fourth session of the 14th National People’s Congress[NPC]and the fourth session of the 14th National Committee of the Chinese People’s Political Consultative Conference[CPPCC]),deputies to the 14th NPC and members of the 14th CPPCC National Committee,from all regions of the country,and various segments of society,gathered in Beijing,in March.
文摘Disulfidptosis is a newly identified form of regulated cell death(RCD)first described in 2023,representing a significant advance in understanding programmed cell death pathways.This unique cell death modality is characterized by abnormal intracellular accumulation of disulfide bonds and disruption of redox homeostasis,leading to cytoskeletal collapse without caspase activation.Disulfidptosis is primarily triggered by glucose deprivation in cells with high expression of solute carrier family 7 member 11(SLC7A11).Under these conditions,insufficient NADPH supply prevents the effective reduction of accumulated cystine to cysteine,thereby inducing disulfide stress.Distinct from apoptosis,ferroptosis,cuproptosis,or pyroptosis,disulfidptosis exhibits unique metabolic dependencies and a hallmark feature of cytoskeletal disintegration.Current evidence indicates that this mechanism is operative in various tumor types,including hepatocellular carcinoma,colorectal cancer,and lung adenocarcinoma,suggesting its potential therapeutic relevance.Therapeutic strategies targeting disulfidptosis include modulation of metabolic pathways—such as the use of GLUT1 or G6PD inhibitors—to selectively induce this form of cell death in cancer cells.This review systematically summarizes current understanding,aiming to elucidate the unique mechanisms and therapeutic potential of disulfidptosis,and provides a foundational framework for future studies and the development of innovative strategies targeting tumor metabolic vulnerabilities.
文摘Journal of Mountain Science(JMS)is a monthly peer-reviewed scientific journal covering research on natural and anthropogenic environmental changes and sustainable development in mountain areas.JMS is sponsored by Institute of Mountain Hazards and Environment,Chinese Academy of Sciences,supervised by Chinese Academy of Sciences,and published by Science Press and Springer Nature.JMS was launched in 2004 and indexed by SCI in 2007.JMS has a distinctly international character,with editorial board members and scientific editors from over 30 countries(regions)and international organizations,and authors and reviewers from more than 100 countries and regions.
基金supported by Regione Autonoma della Sardegna,pursuant to Regional Law 07 August 2007,n.7“Promotion of Scientific Research and Technological Innovation in Sardinia—UGOV Project RAS_CRP2023 CARRULilt Nazionale—5 per mille Program for the year 2022,LILT 2023 scientific-health research call,Number:LILT—Protocol number 2024U0001294 of 29.03.2024。
文摘Background:An increasing number of studies have shown that ferroptosis is related to the initiation and development of small cell lung cancer(SCLC).The systematic review aimed to summarize the characteristics of ferroptosis from its pathogenetic role to translational therapeutic implications in SCLC.Methods:This systematic review,registered in PROSPERO(CRD420251090058),followed PRISMA 2020 guidelines.Comprehensive research of PubMed,Scopus,and Web of Science was performed for studies published between January 2010 and July 2025 investigating ferroptosis mechanisms,genetic or pharmacological modulation,or molecular profiling in SCLC.Two reviewers independently performed data extraction and quality assessment.Results:Nineteen preclinical studies met the inclusion criteria.Key regulators included solute carrier family 7 member 11(SLC7A11),glutathione peroxidase 4(GPX4),ferroptosis suppressor protein 1(FSP1),and acyl-CoA synthetase long chain family member 4(ACSL4).The molecular subtypes of SCLC,achaete-scute homolog 1(ASCL1),neuronal differentiation 1(NEUROD1),POU class 2 homeobox 3(POU2F3),and Yes1 associated transcriptional regulator(YAP1)exhibit differential ferroptosis gene expressions,influencing therapeutic responsiveness.Non-neuroendocrine subtypes are more ferroptosis-prone,whereas neuroendocrine variants display enhanced antioxidant defenses.Ferroptosis induction also promotes immune activation through stimulator of interferon genes(STING)-mediated CD8+T-cell recruitment.Conclusions:Ferroptosis constitutes a promising therapeutic axis in SCLC.Integrating ferroptosis biomarkers into molecular stratification frameworks could refine patient selection and support precision oncology strategies,warranting further translational and clinical validation.
基金supported by grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.82172840)Gusu Health Talents Project of Suzhou Municipal Health Commission(Grant Nos.GSWS2023007 and GSWS2022062)+2 种基金Suzhou Science and Technology Development Plan Project(Grant No.SYW2024005)Chinese Pharmaceutical Association Hospital Pharmacy Department(Grant No.CPA-Z05-ZC-2024002)Jiangsu Research Hospital Association for Precision Medication(Grant No.JY202202).
文摘Objectives:Acquired resistance to paclitaxel represents a critical barrier to the effective chemotherapy of non-small cell lung cancer(NSCLC).The present study aimed to elucidate the molecular and pharmacological mechanisms promoting paclitaxel resistance in NSCLC and to explore potential strategies for overcoming this resistance.Methods:Here,we report an integrated pharmacological and analytical approach to quantify paclitaxel disposition and overcome resistance in a A549/TAX cell model(paclitaxel-resistant A549 cells).Results:Cell counting kit-8(CCK-8)assay,colony formation,and apoptosis assays confirmed that A549/TAX cells exhibited marked resistance to paclitaxel relative to parental A549 cells.Based on transcriptome profiling by RNA sequencing analysis and validation by western blotting assay,we found that the expression of the ATP-binding cassette subfamily B member 1(ABCB1)(the encoded protein is termed P-glycoprotein)was significantly upregulated in resistant cells.By using ultra performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry(UPLC-MS/MS),we demonstrated that ABCB1 overexpression promotes enhanced efflux of intracellular paclitaxel,thereby lowering its cytotoxic accumulation.Genetic silencing of ABCB1 or pharmacological inhibition with the specific P-glycoprotein modulator elacridar or tariquidar restored intracellular paclitaxel levels,as determined by UPLC-MS/MS,and synergistically decreased cell viability as observed in CCK-8 assay.Conclusion:These findings reveal that the ABCB1-mediated drug efflux is a crucial mechanism underlying paclitaxel resistance in NSCLC cells,with UPLC-MS/MS serving as a sensitive analytical method to detect paclitaxel concentration.Inhibition of ABCB1 is a promising therapeutic strategy to resensitize resistant tumor cells to paclitaxel.
文摘Objectives:The current treatment options and therapeutic targets for triple-negative breast cancer(TNBC),an aggressive subtype of breast cancer(BrCA),are limited.This study aimed to identify novel biomarkers and transcriptional regulatory networks(TRN)inherent in TNBC samples.Methods:We analyzed pan-cancer BrCA datasets from The Cancer Genome Atlas(TCGA)to compare triple-positive breast cancer(TPBC)with TNBC.TRN algorithms and virtual inference of protein-enriched regulon(VIPER)were used to identify master regulators and their target genes.Utilizing TNBC cells(MDA-MB-231 and MDA-MB-468),we validated the relationship of nuclear factor erythroid 2-like 3(NFE2L3)and basic helix-loop-helix family member E 40(BHLHE40)by performing a luciferase assay.The expression levels of these targets were measured after transfections with plasmid and siRNA via qRT-PCR and western blots.The effect of these genes on cell proliferation and migration was studied using phenotypic assays.Results:Using computational approaches,we identified NFE2L3 as a master regulator with BHLHE40 as its target gene.NFE2L3 protein binds to the promoter region of BHLHE40 and regulates its transcriptional activity.Additionally,silencing and overexpressing NFE2L3 and BHLHE40 in TNBC cell lines MDA-MB-231 and MDA-MB-468 showed that NFE2L3 directly regulates BHLHE40 at both transcriptional and translational levels.We found that BHLHE40 requires NFE2L3 for cell proliferation and migration in TNBC.Conclusion:These findings underscore the significance of NFE2L3 and BHLHE40 in TNBC,highlighting NFE2L3’s role in regulating the oncogenic activity of BHLHE40 in TNBC cells.
