Bone is an organ capable of perceiving external mechanical stress in real time and responding dynamically via mechanosensing proteins such as Piezo1 and YAP/TAZ.Upon sensing the mechano-signals,cells within the bone m...Bone is an organ capable of perceiving external mechanical stress in real time and responding dynamically via mechanosensing proteins such as Piezo1 and YAP/TAZ.Upon sensing the mechano-signals,cells within the bone matrix collaborate to coordinate bone formation and resorption,while bone marrow cells are also stimulated and mobilized.High-load exercise stimulates osteoblast differentiation and bone formation.However,the mechanism through which the low-load exercises affect bone homeostasis is still unclear.In this work,we established a longterm swimming training model to unload the mechanical stress in mice.Throughout the training model,we observed a significant loss in trabecular bone mass,as evidenced by microCT scanning and histological staining.Single-cell sequencing of the tibial bone marrow tissue revealed a significant increase in the percentage of bone marrow neutrophils,along with alterations in Integrins and the ERK1/2 signaling pathway.Notably,the changes in both Integrins and the ERK1/2 signaling pathway in macrophages were more pronounced than in other cell types,which suggests a mechanical adaptive response in these cells.Moreover,the involvement of Integrins is also critical for the crosstalk between monocyte precusors and macrophages during swimming.Together,this study provides a resource of the alterations of bone marrow cell gene expression profile after swimming and highlights the importance of Integrins and the ERK1/2 signaling pathway in the bone marrow microenvironment after swimming.展开更多
The rise in gas leakage incidents underscores the urgent need for advanced gas-sensing platforms with ultra-low concentration detection capability.Sensing gate field effect transistor(FET)gas sensors,renowned for the ...The rise in gas leakage incidents underscores the urgent need for advanced gas-sensing platforms with ultra-low concentration detection capability.Sensing gate field effect transistor(FET)gas sensors,renowned for the gas-induced signal amplification without directly exposing the channel to the ambient environment,play a pivotal role in detecting trace-level hazardous gases with high sensitivity and good stability.In this work,carbon nanotubes are employed as the conducting channel,and yttrium oxide(Y_(2)O_(3))is utilized as the gate dielectric layer.Noble metal Pd is incorporated as a sensing gate for hydrogen(H_(2))detection,leveraging its catalytic properties and unique adsorption capability.The fabricated carbon-based FET gas sensor demonstrates a remarkable detection limit of 20×10^(–9) for H_(2) under an air environment,enabling early warning in case of gas leakage.Moreover,the as-prepared sensor exhibited good selectivity,repeatability,and anti-humidity properties.Further experiments elucidate the interaction between H_(2) and sensing electrode under an air/nitrogen environment,providing insights into the underlying oxygen-assisted recoverable sensing mechanism.It is our aspiration for this research to establish a robust experimental foundation for achieving high performance and highly integrated fabrication of trace gas sensors.展开更多
Organic semiconductor materials have demonstrated extensive potential in the field of gas sensors due to the advantages including designable chemical structure,tunable physical and chemical properties.Through density ...Organic semiconductor materials have demonstrated extensive potential in the field of gas sensors due to the advantages including designable chemical structure,tunable physical and chemical properties.Through density functional theory(DFT)calculations,researchers can investigate gas sensing mechanisms,optimize,and predict the electronic structures and response characteristics of these materials,and thereby identify candidate materials with promising gas sensing applications for targeted design.This review concentrates on three primary applications of DFT technology in the realm of organic semiconductor-based gas sensors:(1)Investigating the sensing mechanisms by analyzing the interactions between gas molecules and sensing materials through DFT,(2)simulating the dynamic responses of gas molecules,which involves the behavior on the sensing interface using DFT combined with other computational methods to explore adsorption and diffusion processes,and(3)exploring and designing sensitive materials by employing DFT for screening and predicting chemical structures,thereby developing new sensing materials with exceptional performance.Furthermore,this review examines current research outcomes and anticipates the extensive application prospects of DFT technology in the domain of organic semiconductor-based gas sensors.These efforts are expected to provide valuable insights for further indepth exploration of DFT applications in sensor technology,thereby fostering significant advancements and innovations in the field.展开更多
To address the issues of low solving efficiency and poor decoupling accuracy in existing six-axis acceleration decoupling algorithms,a new decoupling algorithm is proposed along with a corresponding auto-compensation ...To address the issues of low solving efficiency and poor decoupling accuracy in existing six-axis acceleration decoupling algorithms,a new decoupling algorithm is proposed along with a corresponding auto-compensation algorithm.Firstly,based on Kane’s method,the dynamics model of the six-axis acceleration sensing mechanism is formed to determine the relationship between accelerations and branch forces.Then,with the trapezoidal rule,a solution algorithm for the dynamics model is developed.The virtual prototype tests show that the computation of this algorithm is five times more efficient than that of the ADAMS core algorithm.Besides,this solution algorithm is applied to the“12-6”configuration and“9-3”configuration.The results show that the efficiency of the former is nearly 3.3 times that of the latter.Finally,based on vibration theory,an auto-compensation algorithm for the solution algorithm is established.Virtual prototype tests indicate that with 40%noise interference,the auto-compensation algorithm achieves misjudgement rate and omission rate of only 4.0%and 4.5%,respectively,and the errors in the solving process converge.展开更多
The porous NiO nanoplates modified with rGO nanosheets and SnO_(2)nanoparticles are developed for accurate and rapid ppb-level NO_(2)detection.The developed SnO_(2)/NiO/rGO sensor towards 50 ppm NO_(2)gas demonstrates...The porous NiO nanoplates modified with rGO nanosheets and SnO_(2)nanoparticles are developed for accurate and rapid ppb-level NO_(2)detection.The developed SnO_(2)/NiO/rGO sensor towards 50 ppm NO_(2)gas demonstrates an excellent gas-sensing response of 14.8 at 23℃,which is 3.03 times that of Ni O/rGO sensor(4.89)and 6.49 times that of NiO sensor(2.28),respectively.The developed SnO_(2)/NiO/rGO sensor exhibits faster response/recovery speed(12.7/32.8 s@5 ppm),with extra-low theoretical detection limit of 0.15 ppb at room temperature.More fascinatingly,our sensors indicate great sensitivity,outstanding repeatability and long-term stability for longer than 7 weeks.Additionally,it also suggests that 1℃and 1%relative humidity have the same effect on the SnO_(2)/NiO/rGO sensor signal as approximately 13 ppb and 7.0 ppb NO_(2)gas change,respectively.Such excellent properties are mainly attributed to the large surface-to-volume ratio,which provides active sites to NO_(2)gas spread,adsorption and diffusion on material surface in redox reaction.Moreover,the ternary heterojunctions formed by NiO,rGO and SnO_(2)may serve as highly conductive channels to accelerate carrier transfer and abundant oxygen vacancies to reduce the adsorption energy for O_(2)and NO_(2)gas,thus further improving performance of the sensors.展开更多
The solvents and substituents of two similar fluorescent sensors for cyanide, 7-diethylamino- 3-formylcoumarin （sensor a） and 7-diethylamino-3-（2-nitrovinyl）coumarin （sensor b）, are proposed to account for their...The solvents and substituents of two similar fluorescent sensors for cyanide, 7-diethylamino- 3-formylcoumarin （sensor a） and 7-diethylamino-3-（2-nitrovinyl）coumarin （sensor b）, are proposed to account for their distinct sensing mechanisms and experimental phenomena. The time-dependent density functional theory has been applied to investigate the ground states and the first singlet excited electronic states of the sensor as well as their possible Michael reaction products with cyanide, with a view to monitoring their geometries and photophysieal properties. The theoretical study indicates that the protic water solvent could lead to final Michael addition product of sensor a in the ground state, while the aprotic acetonitrile solvent could lead to carbanion as the final product of sensor b. Furthermore, the Michael reaction product of sensor a has been proved to have a torsion structure in its first singlet excited state. Correspondingly, sensor b also has a torsion structure around the nitrovinyl moiety in its first singlet excited state, while not in its carbanion structure. This could explain the observed strong fluorescence for sensor a and the quenching fluorescence for the sensor b upon the addition of the cyanide anions in the relevant sensing mechanisms.展开更多
Sensing mechanism is still a big problem in the field of gas sensor.In-depth study of the sensing mechanism can provide better ideas for the design of sensing materials,and it is also more conducive to the improvement...Sensing mechanism is still a big problem in the field of gas sensor.In-depth study of the sensing mechanism can provide better ideas for the design of sensing materials,and it is also more conducive to the improvement in gas-sensing performance.In this work,Ag/α-MoO_(3) material was obtained by loading Ag in α-MoO_(3) nanobelts prepared by hydrothermal method.The material was characterized by field electron scanning electron microscopy(SEM),high-resolution transmission electron microscopy(HRTEM),X-ray diffraction(XRD) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy(XPS).Comparing the gas sensing properties of α-MoO_(3) and Ag/α-MoO_(3),it is found that Ag effectively improves the selectivity of the material to H_(2)S at 133℃.The response of the 5 wt% Ag/α-MoO_(3) sensor to 100 × 10-6 hydrogen sulfide(H_(2)S) is 225 and the detection limit is 100 ×10^(-9).The sensing mechanism was verified by gas chromatography and mass spectrometer(GC-MS),XPS and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy(FTIR).展开更多
Reasonably constructing an atomic interface is pronouncedly essential for surface-related gas-sensing reaction.Herein,we present an ingen-ious feedback-regulation system by changing the interactional mode between sing...Reasonably constructing an atomic interface is pronouncedly essential for surface-related gas-sensing reaction.Herein,we present an ingen-ious feedback-regulation system by changing the interactional mode between single Pt atoms and adjacent S species for high-efficiency SO_(2)sensing.We found that the single Pt sites on the MoS_(2)surface can induce easier volatiliza-tion of adjacent S species to activate the whole inert S plane.Reversely,the activated S species can provide a feedback role in tailoring the antibonding-orbital electronic occupancy state of Pt atoms,thus creating a combined system involving S vacancy-assisted single Pt sites(Pt-Vs)to synergistically improve the adsorption ability of SO_(2)gas molecules.Further-more,in situ Raman,ex situ X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy testing and density functional theory analysis demonstrate the intact feedback-regulation system can expand the electron transfer path from single Pt sites to whole Pt-MoS_(2)supports in SO_(2)gas atmosphere.Equipped with wireless-sensing modules,the final Pt1-MoS_(2)-def sensors array can further realize real-time monitoring of SO_(2)levels and cloud-data storage for plant growth.Such a fundamental understanding of the intrinsic link between atomic interface and sensing mechanism is thus expected to broaden the rational design of highly effective gas sensors.展开更多
Single atom catalysts(SACs)have garnered significant attention in the field of catalysis over the past decade due to their exceptional atom utilization efficiency and distinct physical and chemical properties.For the ...Single atom catalysts(SACs)have garnered significant attention in the field of catalysis over the past decade due to their exceptional atom utilization efficiency and distinct physical and chemical properties.For the semiconductor-based electrical gas sensor,the core is the catalysis process of target gas molecules on the sensitive materials.In this context,the SACs offer great potential for highly sensitive and selective gas sensing,however,only some of the bubbles come to the surface.To facilitate practical applications,we present a comprehensive review of the preparation strategies for SACs,with a focus on overcoming the challenges of aggregation and low loading.Extensive research efforts have been devoted to investigating the gas sensing mechanism,exploring sensitive materials,optimizing device structures,and refining signal post-processing techniques.Finally,the challenges and future perspectives on the SACs based gas sensing are presented.展开更多
Plants and animals recognize microbial invaders by detecting pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) through pattern-recognition receptors (PRRs). This recognition plays a crucial role in plant immunity. The ne...Plants and animals recognize microbial invaders by detecting pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) through pattern-recognition receptors (PRRs). This recognition plays a crucial role in plant immunity. The newly discovered protein in plants that responds to bacterial flagellin, i.e., flagellin-sensitive 2 (FLS2), is ubiquitously expressed and present in many plants. The association of FLS2 and BAK1, facilitated by a highly conserved epitope flg22 of flagellin, triggers such downstream immune responses as activated MAPK pathway and elevated reactive oxygen species (ROS) for bacterial defense and plant immunity. Here we study the intrinsic dynamics and conformational change of FLS2 upon the formation of the FLS2–flg22–BAK1 complex. The top intrinsic normal modes and principal structural fluctuation components are very similar, showing two bending modes and one twisting mode. The twisting mode alone, however, accounts for most of the conformational change of FLS2 induced by binding with flg22 and BAK1. This study indicates that flg22 binding suppresses FLS2 conformational fluctuation, especially on the twisting motion, thus facilitating FLS2–BAK1 interaction. A detailed analysis of this sensing mechanism may aid better design on both PRR and peptide mimetics for plant immunity.展开更多
Ag-and Pt-doped WO3-0.33 H2O nanorods with high response and selectivity to NH3 were synthesized from a tungsten-containing mine ral of scheelite concentrate by a simple combined process,namely by a high pressure leac...Ag-and Pt-doped WO3-0.33 H2O nanorods with high response and selectivity to NH3 were synthesized from a tungsten-containing mine ral of scheelite concentrate by a simple combined process,namely by a high pressure leaching method to obtain tungstate ions-containing leaching solution and followed by a hydrothermal method to prepare corresponding nanorods.The microstructure and NH3 sensing perfo rmance of the final products were investigated systematically.The microstructure characte rization showed that the as-prepared WO3-0.33 H2 O nanorods had a hexagonal crystal structure,and Ag and Pt nanoparticles were uniformly distributed in the WO3-0.33 H2O nano rods.Gas sensing measurements indicated that Ag and Pt nanopa rticles not only could obviously enhance NH3 sensing properties in terms of response,selectivity as well as response/recovery time,but also could reduce the optimal operating temperature at which the highest response was achieved.The highest responses of 22.4 and 47.6 for Agand Pt-doped WO3-0.33 H2O nanorods to 1000 ppm NH3 were obtained at 225 and 175℃,respectively,which were about four and eight folds higher than that of pure one at 250℃.The superior NH3 sensing properties are mainly ascribed to the catalytic activities of noble metals and the different work functions between noble metals and WO3-0.33 H2 O.展开更多
Listeria monocytogenes(LM)is a dangerous foodborne pathogen for humans.One emerging and validated method of indirectly assessing LM in food is detecting 3-hydroxy-2-butanone(3H2B)gas.In this study,the synthesis of 3-(...Listeria monocytogenes(LM)is a dangerous foodborne pathogen for humans.One emerging and validated method of indirectly assessing LM in food is detecting 3-hydroxy-2-butanone(3H2B)gas.In this study,the synthesis of 3-(2-aminoethylamino)propyltrimethoxysilane(AAPTMS)functionalized hierarchical hollow TiO_(2)nanospheres was achieved via precise controlling of solvothermal reaction temperature and post-grafting route.The sensors based on as-prepared materials exhibited excellent sensitivity(480 Hz@50 ppm),low detection limit(100 ppb),and outstanding selectivity.Moreover,the evaluation of LM with high sensitivity and specificity was achieved using the sensors.Such stable three-dimensional spheres,whose distinctive hierarchical and hollow nanostructure simultaneously improved both sensitivity and response/recovery speed dramatically,were spontaneously assembled by nanosheets.Meanwhile,the moderate loadings of AAPTMS significantly improved the selectivity of sensors.Then,the gas-sensing mechanism was explored by utilizing thermodynamic investigation,Gaussian 16 software,and in situ diffuse reflectance infrared transform spectroscopy,illustrating the weak chemisorption between the-NHgroup and 3H2B molecules.These portable sensors are promising for real-time assessment of LM at room temperature,which will make a magnificent contribution to food safety.展开更多
A seamless combination of mechanical energy-harvesting triboelectric nanogenerators with other technologies is the key to widening their applicability.Combining luminescent and triboelectric materials can develop hybr...A seamless combination of mechanical energy-harvesting triboelectric nanogenerators with other technologies is the key to widening their applicability.Combining luminescent and triboelectric materials can develop hybrid nanogenerators(HNGs)which can be utilized for energy-harvesting,optical thermometry,and lighting applications.In this study,we designed an Er^(3+)and Eu^(3+)co-doped Sr_(1.85)Ca_(0.15)NaNb_(5)O_(15)(SCNNO:EE)green-yellow-emitting phosphor with excellent temperature-sensing capabilities.SCNNO:EE possessed a high dielectric constant and was thus utilized as a filler inside the polydimethylsiloxane polymer to fabricate composite films.The composite films were employed to fabricate various HNG devices and the filler concentration was optimized to attain the highest electrical output of 170 V,5.05μA,and 75μC/m^(2).The piezoelectric-structured energy-harvesting device(PSEHD)was fabricated and further modified to fabricate a self-activated PSEHD(SAPSEHD)for solid-state lighting applications.Different engraved aluminum electrodes were attached to the composite films to obtain different glowing words and patterns.The electrical signals generated by the PSEHD,when the pressure was applied,were fed into the processing unit,which further flowing into the SAPSEHD.The SAPSEHD can generate electrical signals when pressure is applied and automatically produce light by activating the phosphor in the composite film.This type of devices could attract attention at the places where pressure-activated automatic lighting is required.Also,owing to the promising properties of the proposed devices,they can be utilized for various applications on a large scale.展开更多
Introduction of porosity and fluorescent properties into lanthanide metal-organic frameworks(MOFs)with rational design to achieve multifunctional use is of great significance from the energy and environmental viewpoin...Introduction of porosity and fluorescent properties into lanthanide metal-organic frameworks(MOFs)with rational design to achieve multifunctional use is of great significance from the energy and environmental viewpoint.In this study,a microporous Tb(Ⅲ)-based MOF with the formula of{[Tb2(oba)3(Phen)2](DMF)2(H2O)4}_n(1)was solvothermally prepared via using the mixed ligands of 1,10-phenanthroline(Phen)and 4,4'-oxybis(benzoic acid)(H_(2)oba)as organic connecters.The structural evaluation results indicate that complex 1 is composed of binuclear Tb2(CO_(2))6(Phen)2clusters which are extended by the oba^(2-)ligands to afford a two-fold interpenetrated framework with one-dimensional microporous channels along the b-axis.Gas sorption studies show that the activated 1 demonstrates a high ideal adsorption solution theory(IAST)sorption selectivity of 7.4 toward C_(2)H_(2)in a C_(2)H_(2)/CO_(2)gas mixture,which are further supported by the dynamic breakthrough experiments.The grand canonical Monte Carlo(GCMC)simulation results indicate that the synergistic effects of the H-bond interactions of C_(2)H_(2)with oba^(2-)ligands and the C-H…πinteractions with Phen ligand contribute to the strong binding of the framework toward C_(2)H_(2)molecules.What's more,the luminescent measurements reveal that the emission of 1 features both the characteristic peaks of Phen ligand and Tb(Ⅲ)ion,which could be further applied as a self-calibrating sensor for the Cr(Ⅵ)detection in water.To the best of our knowledge,complex 1 represents the first example of Tb-MOF holding such a high C_(2)H_(2)/CO_(2)selectivity together with ratiometric Cr(Ⅵ)detection performances.展开更多
When discharge faults occur in dry air switchgear,the air decomposes to produce diverse gases,with NO_(2) reaching the highest levels.Detecting the NO_(2) level can reflect the operation status of the equipment.This p...When discharge faults occur in dry air switchgear,the air decomposes to produce diverse gases,with NO_(2) reaching the highest levels.Detecting the NO_(2) level can reflect the operation status of the equipment.This paper proposes to combine ZnO cluster with MoS_(2) to improve the gassensitive properties of the monolayer.Based on the Density Functional Theory(DFT),the effect of(ZnO)n size on the behavior of MoS_(2 )is considered.Key parameters such as adsorption energy and band gap of(ZnO)n-MoS_(2)/NO_(2) system were calculated.The ZnO-MoS_(2) heterojunction was successfully synthesized by a hydrothermal method.The gas sensor exhibits a remarkable response and a fast response-recovery time to 100 ppm NO_(2).In addition,it demonstrates excellent selectivity,long-term stability and a low detection limit.This work confirms the potential of the ZnO-MoS_(2) composite structure as a highly effective gas sensor for NO_(2) detection,which provides valuable theoretical and experimental insights for fault detection in dry air switchgear.展开更多
Increasing greenhouse gas(GHG)emissions,such as methane(CH_(4)),nitrous oxide(N_(2)O),and carbon dioxide(CO_(2)),from agricultural practices and land use have increased concerns about global warming.Accurate quantific...Increasing greenhouse gas(GHG)emissions,such as methane(CH_(4)),nitrous oxide(N_(2)O),and carbon dioxide(CO_(2)),from agricultural practices and land use have increased concerns about global warming.Accurate quantification of the GHG using gas sensors is essential for effective management and sustainable agricultural practices.The objective of this study was to make an analytical comparison of the performance of various sensing materials for CH_(4)-,N_(2)O-,and CO_(2)-based sensors in terms of sensitivity,response ratio,response time,and recovery time to establish an efficiency detection level of the GHG emissions.A literature review of 95 different studies showed that palladium-tin dioxide(Pd-SnO_(2))nano particles,indium oxide(In_(2)O_(3))nano wires,and gold-lanthanum oxide-doped tin dioxide(AuLa_(2)O_(3)/SnO_(2))nanofibers had better performance compared to other sensing materials in CH_(4)-,N_(2)O-,and CO_(2)-based sensors,respectively.The findings from reviewed studies revealed that nanoporous structures,nano wires,and nano fibers had faster response and recovery compared to conventional materials due to their big specific surface area(SSA).The designed ternary hybrid structure of sensing materials was more effective for CO_(2)gas detection than the double hybrid structure,unlike CH_(4)-and N_(2)O-based sensors.However,constructive suggestions for researchers were discussed in the conclusion based on the current research status and challenges to improve the performance of GHG sensors.展开更多
Sensing technology is a core component of modern instrument science and technology,playing a crucial role in biomedical diagnosis,food safety,non-destructive testing,environmental monitoring and other fields.With the ...Sensing technology is a core component of modern instrument science and technology,playing a crucial role in biomedical diagnosis,food safety,non-destructive testing,environmental monitoring and other fields.With the interdisciplinary integration of electromagnetics,optics,materials science and artificial intelligence,the research and development of novel sensing mechanisms and materials have continuously driven sensing technology toward high sensitivity,intelligence and miniaturization,becoming a research hotspot in the field.展开更多
The luminescence response application in chemical sensing by metal–organic frameworks(MOFs)and their hybrid materials has been reported extensively in recent years.However,the reviews on this topic are mainly focused...The luminescence response application in chemical sensing by metal–organic frameworks(MOFs)and their hybrid materials has been reported extensively in recent years.However,the reviews on this topic are mainly focused on the sensing materials(MOFs and their functionalized hybrid materials)and analytes(all types of species).In this comprehensive review,the luminescence response mode and chemical sensing mechanism for lanthanide-functionalized MOF hybrids(abbreviated as LnFMOFH)are systematically summarized.Specifically,ten sections are subdivided,and importantly involve three main topics.Firstly,LnFMOFH and the luminescence responsive chemical sensing for these hybrids are introduced.Secondly,three single luminescence response modes,including“Turn-Off”,“Turn-On”“Turn–Off–On”and dual mode,as ratiometric luminescence(RL)for chemical sensing in LnFMOFH materials are summarized.Thirdly,some types of chemical sensing mechanisms observed in LnFMOFH materials are outlined,which involve the ligand–metal energy transfer(LMET)for the luminescence response in chemical sensing of enhanced or weakened analytes.展开更多
Formaldehyde, as one of the simplest reactive carbonyl species（RCS）, is regarded as a potential carcinogen and a sick house syndrome gas. Recent studies have shown that abnormally high levels of formaldehyde may res...Formaldehyde, as one of the simplest reactive carbonyl species（RCS）, is regarded as a potential carcinogen and a sick house syndrome gas. Recent studies have shown that abnormally high levels of formaldehyde may result in cognitive decline and spatial memory deficits, asthmatic symptoms,Alzheimer＇s disease, and cancer. Due to the harmfulness of high levels of formaldehyde in nature and humans, it is of great significance to further elucidate the roles and functions of formaldehyde by a noninvasive detection approach. Fluorescence imaging has become a powerful and popular tool in monitoring bio-species owing to their high sensitivity and selectivity, excellent spatiotemporal resolution and non-invasion nature. Therefore, fluorescent probes are widely applied to track and detect formaldehyde in vitro and in vivo which have attracted more and more interest recently. This review focuses on various strategies to design the fluorescent probes for detecting formaldehyde based on different recognition groups.展开更多
Human-robot interaction(HRI)is becoming ubiquitous where both humans and robots perform tasks,while reliable robotic sensors are the prerequisite for efficient and safe HRI,especially in unstructured or dynamic enviro...Human-robot interaction(HRI)is becoming ubiquitous where both humans and robots perform tasks,while reliable robotic sensors are the prerequisite for efficient and safe HRI,especially in unstructured or dynamic environments.A wide spectrum of robotic sensors has been developed but most of them are limited to single or dual functionality,making it challenging to perceive complex environments.Here,we present a type of intrinsically soft robotic sensor with quadruple sensing functionalities integrated into a single device,including spatial approach sensing,thermal approach sensing,thermal touch sensing,and mechanical force sensing.Through such quadruple sensing functions,both thermal and mechanical stimulations can be well resolved in both contact and non-contact manners.More importantly,all components of the robotic sensors can be fully recycled for reuse upon the sensor's end of service,achieving superior cost-efficiency and eco-sustainability.As demonstrations,a close-loop intelligent HRI system is constructed via integrating our intrinsically soft sensors with pneumatic soft grippers and programmable robotic arms.A diversity of reliable HRI scenarios(e.g.,human-robot interfacing,object perception/classification,bedside clinical care,etc.)are successfully demonstrated leveraging the quadruple sensing functionalities.This study presents a new path to enrich robotic sensing functionality and enhance HRI reliability in complex environments.展开更多
基金funded by Shenzhen Medical Research Fund(B2302005)the Fujian Provincial Natural Science Foundation(Grant No.2022J011513).
文摘Bone is an organ capable of perceiving external mechanical stress in real time and responding dynamically via mechanosensing proteins such as Piezo1 and YAP/TAZ.Upon sensing the mechano-signals,cells within the bone matrix collaborate to coordinate bone formation and resorption,while bone marrow cells are also stimulated and mobilized.High-load exercise stimulates osteoblast differentiation and bone formation.However,the mechanism through which the low-load exercises affect bone homeostasis is still unclear.In this work,we established a longterm swimming training model to unload the mechanical stress in mice.Throughout the training model,we observed a significant loss in trabecular bone mass,as evidenced by microCT scanning and histological staining.Single-cell sequencing of the tibial bone marrow tissue revealed a significant increase in the percentage of bone marrow neutrophils,along with alterations in Integrins and the ERK1/2 signaling pathway.Notably,the changes in both Integrins and the ERK1/2 signaling pathway in macrophages were more pronounced than in other cell types,which suggests a mechanical adaptive response in these cells.Moreover,the involvement of Integrins is also critical for the crosstalk between monocyte precusors and macrophages during swimming.Together,this study provides a resource of the alterations of bone marrow cell gene expression profile after swimming and highlights the importance of Integrins and the ERK1/2 signaling pathway in the bone marrow microenvironment after swimming.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.62071410 and 62101477)Hunan Provincial Natural Science Foundation(No.2021JJ40542).
文摘The rise in gas leakage incidents underscores the urgent need for advanced gas-sensing platforms with ultra-low concentration detection capability.Sensing gate field effect transistor(FET)gas sensors,renowned for the gas-induced signal amplification without directly exposing the channel to the ambient environment,play a pivotal role in detecting trace-level hazardous gases with high sensitivity and good stability.In this work,carbon nanotubes are employed as the conducting channel,and yttrium oxide(Y_(2)O_(3))is utilized as the gate dielectric layer.Noble metal Pd is incorporated as a sensing gate for hydrogen(H_(2))detection,leveraging its catalytic properties and unique adsorption capability.The fabricated carbon-based FET gas sensor demonstrates a remarkable detection limit of 20×10^(–9) for H_(2) under an air environment,enabling early warning in case of gas leakage.Moreover,the as-prepared sensor exhibited good selectivity,repeatability,and anti-humidity properties.Further experiments elucidate the interaction between H_(2) and sensing electrode under an air/nitrogen environment,providing insights into the underlying oxygen-assisted recoverable sensing mechanism.It is our aspiration for this research to establish a robust experimental foundation for achieving high performance and highly integrated fabrication of trace gas sensors.
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.92263109 and 61904188)the Shanghai Rising-Star Program(No.22QA1410400)。
文摘Organic semiconductor materials have demonstrated extensive potential in the field of gas sensors due to the advantages including designable chemical structure,tunable physical and chemical properties.Through density functional theory(DFT)calculations,researchers can investigate gas sensing mechanisms,optimize,and predict the electronic structures and response characteristics of these materials,and thereby identify candidate materials with promising gas sensing applications for targeted design.This review concentrates on three primary applications of DFT technology in the realm of organic semiconductor-based gas sensors:(1)Investigating the sensing mechanisms by analyzing the interactions between gas molecules and sensing materials through DFT,(2)simulating the dynamic responses of gas molecules,which involves the behavior on the sensing interface using DFT combined with other computational methods to explore adsorption and diffusion processes,and(3)exploring and designing sensitive materials by employing DFT for screening and predicting chemical structures,thereby developing new sensing materials with exceptional performance.Furthermore,this review examines current research outcomes and anticipates the extensive application prospects of DFT technology in the domain of organic semiconductor-based gas sensors.These efforts are expected to provide valuable insights for further indepth exploration of DFT applications in sensor technology,thereby fostering significant advancements and innovations in the field.
基金supported by the Opening Project of State Key Laboratory of Mechanical Transmission for Advanced Equipment(No.SKLMT-MSKFKT202330)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(NSFC)(No.52575022)the Postgraduate Research&Practice Innovation Program of Jiangsu Province(No.KYCX24_1295)。
文摘To address the issues of low solving efficiency and poor decoupling accuracy in existing six-axis acceleration decoupling algorithms,a new decoupling algorithm is proposed along with a corresponding auto-compensation algorithm.Firstly,based on Kane’s method,the dynamics model of the six-axis acceleration sensing mechanism is formed to determine the relationship between accelerations and branch forces.Then,with the trapezoidal rule,a solution algorithm for the dynamics model is developed.The virtual prototype tests show that the computation of this algorithm is five times more efficient than that of the ADAMS core algorithm.Besides,this solution algorithm is applied to the“12-6”configuration and“9-3”configuration.The results show that the efficiency of the former is nearly 3.3 times that of the latter.Finally,based on vibration theory,an auto-compensation algorithm for the solution algorithm is established.Virtual prototype tests indicate that with 40%noise interference,the auto-compensation algorithm achieves misjudgement rate and omission rate of only 4.0%and 4.5%,respectively,and the errors in the solving process converge.
基金funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.62364002)Key Scientific Research Projects of Universities in Henan Province(No.24A510014)+5 种基金Xinjiang-Changji Vocational Education Alliance Special Project(No.2050305)National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures,Nanjing University(No.M36001)Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Information Functional Materials,Nanjing University(No.ndgd2024005)Henan Province Higher Education College Student Innovation Training Program Project(No.202410478019)the Doctoral Research Initiation Fund Project,Zhoukou Normal University(No.ZKNUC2022018)the Natural Science Foundation Project of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region(No.2022D01C006)。
文摘The porous NiO nanoplates modified with rGO nanosheets and SnO_(2)nanoparticles are developed for accurate and rapid ppb-level NO_(2)detection.The developed SnO_(2)/NiO/rGO sensor towards 50 ppm NO_(2)gas demonstrates an excellent gas-sensing response of 14.8 at 23℃,which is 3.03 times that of Ni O/rGO sensor(4.89)and 6.49 times that of NiO sensor(2.28),respectively.The developed SnO_(2)/NiO/rGO sensor exhibits faster response/recovery speed(12.7/32.8 s@5 ppm),with extra-low theoretical detection limit of 0.15 ppb at room temperature.More fascinatingly,our sensors indicate great sensitivity,outstanding repeatability and long-term stability for longer than 7 weeks.Additionally,it also suggests that 1℃and 1%relative humidity have the same effect on the SnO_(2)/NiO/rGO sensor signal as approximately 13 ppb and 7.0 ppb NO_(2)gas change,respectively.Such excellent properties are mainly attributed to the large surface-to-volume ratio,which provides active sites to NO_(2)gas spread,adsorption and diffusion on material surface in redox reaction.Moreover,the ternary heterojunctions formed by NiO,rGO and SnO_(2)may serve as highly conductive channels to accelerate carrier transfer and abundant oxygen vacancies to reduce the adsorption energy for O_(2)and NO_(2)gas,thus further improving performance of the sensors.
基金This work was supported by the National Key Basic Research Special Foundation （No.2007CB815202 and No.2009CB220010） and the National Natural Science Foundation of China （No.20833008）.
文摘The solvents and substituents of two similar fluorescent sensors for cyanide, 7-diethylamino- 3-formylcoumarin （sensor a） and 7-diethylamino-3-（2-nitrovinyl）coumarin （sensor b）, are proposed to account for their distinct sensing mechanisms and experimental phenomena. The time-dependent density functional theory has been applied to investigate the ground states and the first singlet excited electronic states of the sensor as well as their possible Michael reaction products with cyanide, with a view to monitoring their geometries and photophysieal properties. The theoretical study indicates that the protic water solvent could lead to final Michael addition product of sensor a in the ground state, while the aprotic acetonitrile solvent could lead to carbanion as the final product of sensor b. Furthermore, the Michael reaction product of sensor a has been proved to have a torsion structure in its first singlet excited state. Correspondingly, sensor b also has a torsion structure around the nitrovinyl moiety in its first singlet excited state, while not in its carbanion structure. This could explain the observed strong fluorescence for sensor a and the quenching fluorescence for the sensor b upon the addition of the cyanide anions in the relevant sensing mechanisms.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos.21771060 and 61271126)the International Science and Technology Cooperation Program of China (No.2016YFE0115100)+1 种基金Heilongjiang Educational Department (No.RCYJTD201903)Heilongjiang Touyan Innovation Team Program。
文摘Sensing mechanism is still a big problem in the field of gas sensor.In-depth study of the sensing mechanism can provide better ideas for the design of sensing materials,and it is also more conducive to the improvement in gas-sensing performance.In this work,Ag/α-MoO_(3) material was obtained by loading Ag in α-MoO_(3) nanobelts prepared by hydrothermal method.The material was characterized by field electron scanning electron microscopy(SEM),high-resolution transmission electron microscopy(HRTEM),X-ray diffraction(XRD) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy(XPS).Comparing the gas sensing properties of α-MoO_(3) and Ag/α-MoO_(3),it is found that Ag effectively improves the selectivity of the material to H_(2)S at 133℃.The response of the 5 wt% Ag/α-MoO_(3) sensor to 100 × 10-6 hydrogen sulfide(H_(2)S) is 225 and the detection limit is 100 ×10^(-9).The sensing mechanism was verified by gas chromatography and mass spectrometer(GC-MS),XPS and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy(FTIR).
基金This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(62271299)Shanghai Sailing Program(22YF1413400).Shanghai Engineering Research Center for We thank the Integrated Circuits and Advanced Display Materials.
文摘Reasonably constructing an atomic interface is pronouncedly essential for surface-related gas-sensing reaction.Herein,we present an ingen-ious feedback-regulation system by changing the interactional mode between single Pt atoms and adjacent S species for high-efficiency SO_(2)sensing.We found that the single Pt sites on the MoS_(2)surface can induce easier volatiliza-tion of adjacent S species to activate the whole inert S plane.Reversely,the activated S species can provide a feedback role in tailoring the antibonding-orbital electronic occupancy state of Pt atoms,thus creating a combined system involving S vacancy-assisted single Pt sites(Pt-Vs)to synergistically improve the adsorption ability of SO_(2)gas molecules.Further-more,in situ Raman,ex situ X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy testing and density functional theory analysis demonstrate the intact feedback-regulation system can expand the electron transfer path from single Pt sites to whole Pt-MoS_(2)supports in SO_(2)gas atmosphere.Equipped with wireless-sensing modules,the final Pt1-MoS_(2)-def sensors array can further realize real-time monitoring of SO_(2)levels and cloud-data storage for plant growth.Such a fundamental understanding of the intrinsic link between atomic interface and sensing mechanism is thus expected to broaden the rational design of highly effective gas sensors.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2022YFB3204700)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(52122513)+2 种基金the Natural Science Foundation of Heilongjiang Province(YQ2021E022)the Natural Science Foundation of Chongqing(2023NSCQ-MSX2286)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(HIT.BRET.2021010)。
文摘Single atom catalysts(SACs)have garnered significant attention in the field of catalysis over the past decade due to their exceptional atom utilization efficiency and distinct physical and chemical properties.For the semiconductor-based electrical gas sensor,the core is the catalysis process of target gas molecules on the sensitive materials.In this context,the SACs offer great potential for highly sensitive and selective gas sensing,however,only some of the bubbles come to the surface.To facilitate practical applications,we present a comprehensive review of the preparation strategies for SACs,with a focus on overcoming the challenges of aggregation and low loading.Extensive research efforts have been devoted to investigating the gas sensing mechanism,exploring sensitive materials,optimizing device structures,and refining signal post-processing techniques.Finally,the challenges and future perspectives on the SACs based gas sensing are presented.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 11704140)self-determined research funds of CCNU from the Colleges' Basic Research and Operation of MOE (Grant No. CCNU20TS004) (Y. Z.)the China Scholarship Council Fund (Grant No. 201708420039) (L. P.).
文摘Plants and animals recognize microbial invaders by detecting pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) through pattern-recognition receptors (PRRs). This recognition plays a crucial role in plant immunity. The newly discovered protein in plants that responds to bacterial flagellin, i.e., flagellin-sensitive 2 (FLS2), is ubiquitously expressed and present in many plants. The association of FLS2 and BAK1, facilitated by a highly conserved epitope flg22 of flagellin, triggers such downstream immune responses as activated MAPK pathway and elevated reactive oxygen species (ROS) for bacterial defense and plant immunity. Here we study the intrinsic dynamics and conformational change of FLS2 upon the formation of the FLS2–flg22–BAK1 complex. The top intrinsic normal modes and principal structural fluctuation components are very similar, showing two bending modes and one twisting mode. The twisting mode alone, however, accounts for most of the conformational change of FLS2 induced by binding with flg22 and BAK1. This study indicates that flg22 binding suppresses FLS2 conformational fluctuation, especially on the twisting motion, thus facilitating FLS2–BAK1 interaction. A detailed analysis of this sensing mechanism may aid better design on both PRR and peptide mimetics for plant immunity.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.51674067,51422402)FundamentalResearch Funds for the Central Universities(Nos.N180102032,N180106002,N180408018,N170106005)+3 种基金Liaoning Revitalization Talents Program(No.XLYC1807160)Liaoning BaiQianWan Talents Program(No.201892127)Open Foundation of State Key Laborato ry of Mineral Processing(No.BGRIMM-KJSKL-2019-12)Open Foundation of State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Mineral Metallurgical Resources Utilization and Pollution Control(No.HB201902)。
文摘Ag-and Pt-doped WO3-0.33 H2O nanorods with high response and selectivity to NH3 were synthesized from a tungsten-containing mine ral of scheelite concentrate by a simple combined process,namely by a high pressure leaching method to obtain tungstate ions-containing leaching solution and followed by a hydrothermal method to prepare corresponding nanorods.The microstructure and NH3 sensing perfo rmance of the final products were investigated systematically.The microstructure characte rization showed that the as-prepared WO3-0.33 H2 O nanorods had a hexagonal crystal structure,and Ag and Pt nanoparticles were uniformly distributed in the WO3-0.33 H2O nano rods.Gas sensing measurements indicated that Ag and Pt nanopa rticles not only could obviously enhance NH3 sensing properties in terms of response,selectivity as well as response/recovery time,but also could reduce the optimal operating temperature at which the highest response was achieved.The highest responses of 22.4 and 47.6 for Agand Pt-doped WO3-0.33 H2O nanorods to 1000 ppm NH3 were obtained at 225 and 175℃,respectively,which were about four and eight folds higher than that of pure one at 250℃.The superior NH3 sensing properties are mainly ascribed to the catalytic activities of noble metals and the different work functions between noble metals and WO3-0.33 H2 O.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.32272399)the Shanghai Natural Science Foundation(No.21ZR1427500).
文摘Listeria monocytogenes(LM)is a dangerous foodborne pathogen for humans.One emerging and validated method of indirectly assessing LM in food is detecting 3-hydroxy-2-butanone(3H2B)gas.In this study,the synthesis of 3-(2-aminoethylamino)propyltrimethoxysilane(AAPTMS)functionalized hierarchical hollow TiO_(2)nanospheres was achieved via precise controlling of solvothermal reaction temperature and post-grafting route.The sensors based on as-prepared materials exhibited excellent sensitivity(480 Hz@50 ppm),low detection limit(100 ppb),and outstanding selectivity.Moreover,the evaluation of LM with high sensitivity and specificity was achieved using the sensors.Such stable three-dimensional spheres,whose distinctive hierarchical and hollow nanostructure simultaneously improved both sensitivity and response/recovery speed dramatically,were spontaneously assembled by nanosheets.Meanwhile,the moderate loadings of AAPTMS significantly improved the selectivity of sensors.Then,the gas-sensing mechanism was explored by utilizing thermodynamic investigation,Gaussian 16 software,and in situ diffuse reflectance infrared transform spectroscopy,illustrating the weak chemisorption between the-NHgroup and 3H2B molecules.These portable sensors are promising for real-time assessment of LM at room temperature,which will make a magnificent contribution to food safety.
基金supported by the National Research Foundation of Korea(NRF)grant funded by the Korean Government(MSIT)(No.2018R1A6A1A03025708).
文摘A seamless combination of mechanical energy-harvesting triboelectric nanogenerators with other technologies is the key to widening their applicability.Combining luminescent and triboelectric materials can develop hybrid nanogenerators(HNGs)which can be utilized for energy-harvesting,optical thermometry,and lighting applications.In this study,we designed an Er^(3+)and Eu^(3+)co-doped Sr_(1.85)Ca_(0.15)NaNb_(5)O_(15)(SCNNO:EE)green-yellow-emitting phosphor with excellent temperature-sensing capabilities.SCNNO:EE possessed a high dielectric constant and was thus utilized as a filler inside the polydimethylsiloxane polymer to fabricate composite films.The composite films were employed to fabricate various HNG devices and the filler concentration was optimized to attain the highest electrical output of 170 V,5.05μA,and 75μC/m^(2).The piezoelectric-structured energy-harvesting device(PSEHD)was fabricated and further modified to fabricate a self-activated PSEHD(SAPSEHD)for solid-state lighting applications.Different engraved aluminum electrodes were attached to the composite films to obtain different glowing words and patterns.The electrical signals generated by the PSEHD,when the pressure was applied,were fed into the processing unit,which further flowing into the SAPSEHD.The SAPSEHD can generate electrical signals when pressure is applied and automatically produce light by activating the phosphor in the composite film.This type of devices could attract attention at the places where pressure-activated automatic lighting is required.Also,owing to the promising properties of the proposed devices,they can be utilized for various applications on a large scale.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(U23A20579)。
文摘Introduction of porosity and fluorescent properties into lanthanide metal-organic frameworks(MOFs)with rational design to achieve multifunctional use is of great significance from the energy and environmental viewpoint.In this study,a microporous Tb(Ⅲ)-based MOF with the formula of{[Tb2(oba)3(Phen)2](DMF)2(H2O)4}_n(1)was solvothermally prepared via using the mixed ligands of 1,10-phenanthroline(Phen)and 4,4'-oxybis(benzoic acid)(H_(2)oba)as organic connecters.The structural evaluation results indicate that complex 1 is composed of binuclear Tb2(CO_(2))6(Phen)2clusters which are extended by the oba^(2-)ligands to afford a two-fold interpenetrated framework with one-dimensional microporous channels along the b-axis.Gas sorption studies show that the activated 1 demonstrates a high ideal adsorption solution theory(IAST)sorption selectivity of 7.4 toward C_(2)H_(2)in a C_(2)H_(2)/CO_(2)gas mixture,which are further supported by the dynamic breakthrough experiments.The grand canonical Monte Carlo(GCMC)simulation results indicate that the synergistic effects of the H-bond interactions of C_(2)H_(2)with oba^(2-)ligands and the C-H…πinteractions with Phen ligand contribute to the strong binding of the framework toward C_(2)H_(2)molecules.What's more,the luminescent measurements reveal that the emission of 1 features both the characteristic peaks of Phen ligand and Tb(Ⅲ)ion,which could be further applied as a self-calibrating sensor for the Cr(Ⅵ)detection in water.To the best of our knowledge,complex 1 represents the first example of Tb-MOF holding such a high C_(2)H_(2)/CO_(2)selectivity together with ratiometric Cr(Ⅵ)detection performances.
基金the financial support of National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.52207175 and 52407178)。
文摘When discharge faults occur in dry air switchgear,the air decomposes to produce diverse gases,with NO_(2) reaching the highest levels.Detecting the NO_(2) level can reflect the operation status of the equipment.This paper proposes to combine ZnO cluster with MoS_(2) to improve the gassensitive properties of the monolayer.Based on the Density Functional Theory(DFT),the effect of(ZnO)n size on the behavior of MoS_(2 )is considered.Key parameters such as adsorption energy and band gap of(ZnO)n-MoS_(2)/NO_(2) system were calculated.The ZnO-MoS_(2) heterojunction was successfully synthesized by a hydrothermal method.The gas sensor exhibits a remarkable response and a fast response-recovery time to 100 ppm NO_(2).In addition,it demonstrates excellent selectivity,long-term stability and a low detection limit.This work confirms the potential of the ZnO-MoS_(2) composite structure as a highly effective gas sensor for NO_(2) detection,which provides valuable theoretical and experimental insights for fault detection in dry air switchgear.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(32271980)the Key Pioneer Research Project of Zhejiang Province(2022C02014)。
文摘Increasing greenhouse gas(GHG)emissions,such as methane(CH_(4)),nitrous oxide(N_(2)O),and carbon dioxide(CO_(2)),from agricultural practices and land use have increased concerns about global warming.Accurate quantification of the GHG using gas sensors is essential for effective management and sustainable agricultural practices.The objective of this study was to make an analytical comparison of the performance of various sensing materials for CH_(4)-,N_(2)O-,and CO_(2)-based sensors in terms of sensitivity,response ratio,response time,and recovery time to establish an efficiency detection level of the GHG emissions.A literature review of 95 different studies showed that palladium-tin dioxide(Pd-SnO_(2))nano particles,indium oxide(In_(2)O_(3))nano wires,and gold-lanthanum oxide-doped tin dioxide(AuLa_(2)O_(3)/SnO_(2))nanofibers had better performance compared to other sensing materials in CH_(4)-,N_(2)O-,and CO_(2)-based sensors,respectively.The findings from reviewed studies revealed that nanoporous structures,nano wires,and nano fibers had faster response and recovery compared to conventional materials due to their big specific surface area(SSA).The designed ternary hybrid structure of sensing materials was more effective for CO_(2)gas detection than the double hybrid structure,unlike CH_(4)-and N_(2)O-based sensors.However,constructive suggestions for researchers were discussed in the conclusion based on the current research status and challenges to improve the performance of GHG sensors.
文摘Sensing technology is a core component of modern instrument science and technology,playing a crucial role in biomedical diagnosis,food safety,non-destructive testing,environmental monitoring and other fields.With the interdisciplinary integration of electromagnetics,optics,materials science and artificial intelligence,the research and development of novel sensing mechanisms and materials have continuously driven sensing technology toward high sensitivity,intelligence and miniaturization,becoming a research hotspot in the field.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(21971194).
文摘The luminescence response application in chemical sensing by metal–organic frameworks(MOFs)and their hybrid materials has been reported extensively in recent years.However,the reviews on this topic are mainly focused on the sensing materials(MOFs and their functionalized hybrid materials)and analytes(all types of species).In this comprehensive review,the luminescence response mode and chemical sensing mechanism for lanthanide-functionalized MOF hybrids(abbreviated as LnFMOFH)are systematically summarized.Specifically,ten sections are subdivided,and importantly involve three main topics.Firstly,LnFMOFH and the luminescence responsive chemical sensing for these hybrids are introduced.Secondly,three single luminescence response modes,including“Turn-Off”,“Turn-On”“Turn–Off–On”and dual mode,as ratiometric luminescence(RL)for chemical sensing in LnFMOFH materials are summarized.Thirdly,some types of chemical sensing mechanisms observed in LnFMOFH materials are outlined,which involve the ligand–metal energy transfer(LMET)for the luminescence response in chemical sensing of enhanced or weakened analytes.
基金support from National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos. 21676113, 21402057, 21472059, 81671803) Youth Chen-Guang Project of Wuhan(2016070204010098)+2 种基金 the 111 Project B17019the Ministry-Province Jointly Constructed Base for State Key Lab-Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology, Shenzhensupported by self-determined research funds of CCNU from the colleges’ basic research and operation of MOE (No. CCNU16A02004)
文摘Formaldehyde, as one of the simplest reactive carbonyl species（RCS）, is regarded as a potential carcinogen and a sick house syndrome gas. Recent studies have shown that abnormally high levels of formaldehyde may result in cognitive decline and spatial memory deficits, asthmatic symptoms,Alzheimer＇s disease, and cancer. Due to the harmfulness of high levels of formaldehyde in nature and humans, it is of great significance to further elucidate the roles and functions of formaldehyde by a noninvasive detection approach. Fluorescence imaging has become a powerful and popular tool in monitoring bio-species owing to their high sensitivity and selectivity, excellent spatiotemporal resolution and non-invasion nature. Therefore, fluorescent probes are widely applied to track and detect formaldehyde in vitro and in vivo which have attracted more and more interest recently. This review focuses on various strategies to design the fluorescent probes for detecting formaldehyde based on different recognition groups.
基金financially supported by the Sichuan Science and Technology Program(2024YFFK0133 and 2023NSFSC1131)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(52203272)+1 种基金supported by the“Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities of China”Medical Interdisciplinary Research Key Project of Sichuan University(2022)。
文摘Human-robot interaction(HRI)is becoming ubiquitous where both humans and robots perform tasks,while reliable robotic sensors are the prerequisite for efficient and safe HRI,especially in unstructured or dynamic environments.A wide spectrum of robotic sensors has been developed but most of them are limited to single or dual functionality,making it challenging to perceive complex environments.Here,we present a type of intrinsically soft robotic sensor with quadruple sensing functionalities integrated into a single device,including spatial approach sensing,thermal approach sensing,thermal touch sensing,and mechanical force sensing.Through such quadruple sensing functions,both thermal and mechanical stimulations can be well resolved in both contact and non-contact manners.More importantly,all components of the robotic sensors can be fully recycled for reuse upon the sensor's end of service,achieving superior cost-efficiency and eco-sustainability.As demonstrations,a close-loop intelligent HRI system is constructed via integrating our intrinsically soft sensors with pneumatic soft grippers and programmable robotic arms.A diversity of reliable HRI scenarios(e.g.,human-robot interfacing,object perception/classification,bedside clinical care,etc.)are successfully demonstrated leveraging the quadruple sensing functionalities.This study presents a new path to enrich robotic sensing functionality and enhance HRI reliability in complex environments.
