In this paper,we innovatively associate the mutual information with the frame error rate(FER)performance and propose novel quantized decoders for polar codes.Based on the optimal quantizer of binary-input discrete mem...In this paper,we innovatively associate the mutual information with the frame error rate(FER)performance and propose novel quantized decoders for polar codes.Based on the optimal quantizer of binary-input discrete memoryless channels(BDMCs),the proposed decoders quantize the virtual subchannels of polar codes to maximize mutual information(MMI)between source bits and quantized symbols.The nested structure of polar codes ensures that the MMI quantization can be implemented stage by stage.Simulation results show that the proposed MMI decoders with 4 quantization bits outperform the existing nonuniform quantized decoders that minimize mean-squared error(MMSE)with 4 quantization bits,and yield even better performance than uniform MMI quantized decoders with 5 quantization bits.Furthermore,the proposed 5-bit quantized MMI decoders approach the floating-point decoders with negligible performance loss.展开更多
With the help of a radially invariant vector field, we derive inequalities of the Hardy kind, with no boundary terms, for W^(1,p) functions on bounded star domains. Our results are not obtainable from the classical in...With the help of a radially invariant vector field, we derive inequalities of the Hardy kind, with no boundary terms, for W^(1,p) functions on bounded star domains. Our results are not obtainable from the classical inequalities for W_0^(1,p) functions. Unlike in W_0^(1,p),our inequalities admit maximizers that we describe explicitly.展开更多
In this paper, we consider a fuzzy c-means (FCM) clustering algorithm combined with the deterministic annealing method and the Tsallis entropy maximization. The Tsallis entropy is a q-parameter extension of the Shanno...In this paper, we consider a fuzzy c-means (FCM) clustering algorithm combined with the deterministic annealing method and the Tsallis entropy maximization. The Tsallis entropy is a q-parameter extension of the Shannon entropy. By maximizing the Tsallis entropy within the framework of FCM, membership functions similar to statistical mechanical distribution functions can be derived. One of the major considerations when using this method is how to determine appropriate q values and the highest annealing temperature, Thigh?, for a given data set. Accordingly, in this paper, a method for determining these values simultaneously without introducing any additional parameters is presented. In our approach, the membership function is approximated by a series of expansion methods and the K-means clustering algorithm is utilized as a preprocessing step to estimate a radius of each data distribution. The results of experiments indicate that the proposed method is effective and both q and Thigh can be determined automatically and algebraically from a given data set.展开更多
This research article is based on a study of optimal frequency to the repairable system due to the failure finding interval to maximize as well as minimize the availability of some components devices. We studied toget...This research article is based on a study of optimal frequency to the repairable system due to the failure finding interval to maximize as well as minimize the availability of some components devices. We studied together maintenance and corrective actions that carried out item of failure and periodic failure finding designed to check whether a system is still working. The model is proved as well as useful application in detecting the problem related to finding failure tasks of different scheme devices by maximization. The model formulated and the numerical application to the relevant mathematical model have been discussed to demonstrate the article quality. Therefore based on probability analytic development, the optimal maintenance policy is then obtained as solution of an optimization problem in which the maintenance cost rate is the objective function and the risk of corrective maintenance is the constraint function. Finally, the solution to the optimal device in the considered development model has been well adjusted due to derivation to the experimental observation rather than theory which will be taken into consideration in the next applied practical design research related and the system device provided that, the proactive device agreed with using the exponential distribution to the survive distribution function which can not be considered as valid.展开更多
In this paper, we propose a methodology to maximize the absorption bandwidth of a metal-insulator-metal(MIM) based absorber. The proposed structure is made of a Cr-Al_2O_3-Cr multilayer design. At the initial step,the...In this paper, we propose a methodology to maximize the absorption bandwidth of a metal-insulator-metal(MIM) based absorber. The proposed structure is made of a Cr-Al_2O_3-Cr multilayer design. At the initial step,the optimum MIM planar design is fabricated and optically characterized. The results show absorption above 0.9 from 400 nm to 850 nm. Afterward, the transfer matrix method is used to find the optimal condition for the perfect light absorption in an ultra-broadband frequency range. This modeling approach predicts that changing the filling fraction of the top Cr layer can extend light absorption toward longer wavelengths. We experimentally proved that the use of proper top Cr thickness and annealing temperature leads to a nearly perfect light absorption from 400 nm to 1150 nm, which is much broader than that of a planar design. Therefore, while keeping the overall process lithography-free, the absorption functionality of the design can be significantly improved. The results presented here can serve as a beacon for future performance-enhanced multilayer designs where a simple fabrication step can boost the overall device response without changing its overall thickness and fabrication simplicity.展开更多
Engineered stimuli-responsive drug delivery devices hold vast promise in biological applications for disease treatment due to their maximized therapeutic efficacy In this study a novel, stably cross-linked, and pH-sen...Engineered stimuli-responsive drug delivery devices hold vast promise in biological applications for disease treatment due to their maximized therapeutic efficacy In this study a novel, stably cross-linked, and pH-sensitive biodegradable gel-micelle was constructed with amphiphilic conjugates of trimethylene dipiperidine- methacrylic anhydride-hyaluronic acid-stearylamine （TMDP-MA-HA-SA, TMHS） to improve tumor-targeting with flexible intracellular delivery of paditaxel （PTX）. The cross-linked methacrylate bonds significantly improved the biostability of TMHS gel-micelle （~ 200 nm） over the non-cross-linked under physiological conditions, while hyaluronic acid plays an important role in active tumor targetability. The gradual degradation of cross-linked hyaluronic acid shell was triggered by the concentrated hyaluronidase. Meanwhile, under acidic conditions （pH 〈 6.5）, the tertiary amines of pH-sensitive TMDP moieties were protonated and thereby solubilized the gel-micellar core-portions. The resultant pH-triggered inner-core spaces rapidly prompted PTX release in the presence of multiple cytosolic enzymes that mainly degraded the remaining hydrophobic stearylamine core. During the in vitro cytotoxicity assay, PTX-loaded TMHS gel-micelles （ct~） revealed anticancer efficacy against human hepatocellular carcinoma HepG2 cells with ICs0 of 1.42 gg/mL （PTX concentration）, significantly lower than other groups. In parallel, the in vivo anti-tumor efficacy of CLTMHSptx gel-micelles against BALB/c xenograft tumor animal model demonstrated the greater tumor growth inhibition capacity of 72.06%, compared to other treatment groups at a safe concentration. Consequently, the cross-linked and stimuli-responsive CLTMHSFrx gel-micelles hold a great potential for flexible modulation of intracellular delivery of hydrophobic anticancer drugs with maximized antitumor efficacy.展开更多
In covert communications,joint jammer selection and power optimization are important to improve performance.However,existing schemes usually assume a warden with a known location and perfect Channel State Information(...In covert communications,joint jammer selection and power optimization are important to improve performance.However,existing schemes usually assume a warden with a known location and perfect Channel State Information(CSI),which is difficult to achieve in practice.To be more practical,it is important to investigate covert communications against a warden with uncertain locations and imperfect CSI,which makes it difficult for legitimate transceivers to estimate the detection probability of the warden.First,the uncertainty caused by the unknown warden location must be removed,and the Optimal Detection Position(OPTDP)of the warden is derived which can provide the best detection performance(i.e.,the worst case for a covert communication).Then,to further avoid the impractical assumption of perfect CSI,the covert throughput is maximized using only the channel distribution information.Given this OPTDP based worst case for covert communications,the jammer selection,the jamming power,the transmission power,and the transmission rate are jointly optimized to maximize the covert throughput(OPTDP-JP).To solve this coupling problem,a Heuristic algorithm based on Maximum Distance Ratio(H-MAXDR)is proposed to provide a sub-optimal solution.First,according to the analysis of the covert throughput,the node with the maximum distance ratio(i.e.,the ratio of the distances from the jammer to the receiver and that to the warden)is selected as the friendly jammer(MAXDR).Then,the optimal transmission and jamming power can be derived,followed by the optimal transmission rate obtained via the bisection method.In numerical and simulation results,it is shown that although the location of the warden is unknown,by assuming the OPTDP of the warden,the proposed OPTDP-JP can always satisfy the covertness constraint.In addition,with an uncertain warden and imperfect CSI,the covert throughput provided by OPTDP-JP is 80%higher than the existing schemes when the covertness constraint is 0.9,showing the effectiveness of OPTDP-JP.展开更多
The purpose of this article is to introduce a new method with a self-adaptive stepsize for approximating a common solution of monotone inclusion problems and variational inequality problems in reflexive Banach spaces....The purpose of this article is to introduce a new method with a self-adaptive stepsize for approximating a common solution of monotone inclusion problems and variational inequality problems in reflexive Banach spaces.The strong convergence result for our method is established under some standard assumptions without any requirement of the knowledge of the Lipschitz constant of the mapping.Several numerical experiments are provided to verify the advantages and efficiency of proposed algorithms.展开更多
BACKGROUND Epilepsy impacts millions of people,with many not responding to existing treatments.Some evidence links neuroinflammatory processes to epilepsy.Statins exhibit anti-inflammatory and neuroprotective properti...BACKGROUND Epilepsy impacts millions of people,with many not responding to existing treatments.Some evidence links neuroinflammatory processes to epilepsy.Statins exhibit anti-inflammatory and neuroprotective properties,potentially offering antiepileptic effects.AIM To evaluate the anticonvulsant effects of rosuvastatin in animal models of epilepsy.METHODS Ninety-six albino mice were divided into 16 groups.In the maximal electroshock seizure(MES)model,eight groups received intraperitoneal vehicle,carbama-zepine,rosuvastatin,or a combination.Outcomes measured included seizure protection[tonic hind limb extension(THLE)],duration of THLE,seizure duration,and mortality.In the pentylenetetrazol(PTZ)model,eight groups were pretreated with vehicle,valproate,rosuvastatin,or a combination,with outcomes measured as seizure latency,seizure duration,and mortality.RESULTS In the MES model,rosuvastatin exhibited protection against THLE in a small percentage of mice.Rosuvastatin shortens the duration of THLE in a dose-dependent manner.However,none of these were statistically significant com-pared to the control group.The combination of rosuvastatin 10 mg/kg with carbamazepine 4 mg/kg resulted in a significant reduction in seizure duration compared to the control group,better than carbamazepine alone at 4 mg/kg and 6 mg/kg.In the PTZ model,rosuvastatin alone showed no significant effects on latency,duration of seizure,or mortality.However,rosuvastatin 10 mg/kg combined with valproate 100 mg/kg significantly delayed the onset of seizures,seizure duration and mortality percentage,better than valproate alone at 100 mg/kg.CONCLUSION Rosuvastatin enhanced the anticonvulsant effects of carbamazepine and valproate.Further studies are required to explore the antiepileptic potential of rosuvastatin at various doses,durations,dosage forms,routes and models.展开更多
It is difficult to judge whether a given point is a global maximizer of an unconstrained optimization problem. This paper deals with this problem by considering global information via integral and gives a necessary an...It is difficult to judge whether a given point is a global maximizer of an unconstrained optimization problem. This paper deals with this problem by considering global information via integral and gives a necessary and sufficient condition judging whether a given point is a global maximizer of an unconstrained optimization problem. An algorithm is offered under such a condition and finally two test problems are verified via the offered algorithm.展开更多
In this paper,we provide an alternative proof of the weak type(1,n/n-a)inequality for the fractional maximal operators.By using the discretization technique,we can get the main result,which shows that the weak type(1,...In this paper,we provide an alternative proof of the weak type(1,n/n-a)inequality for the fractional maximal operators.By using the discretization technique,we can get the main result,which shows that the weak type(1,n/n-a)bound of M_(α)is at worst 2^(n-a).The weak type(1,n/n-a)bound of M_(α)can be estimated more directly and easily in this method,which is different from the usual ways.展开更多
With the support by the National Natural Science Foundation of China,Dr.Cui Guohong’s laboratory at the Department of Neurology,Shanghai No.9People’s Hospital,School of Medicine,Shanghai Jiaotong University,reported...With the support by the National Natural Science Foundation of China,Dr.Cui Guohong’s laboratory at the Department of Neurology,Shanghai No.9People’s Hospital,School of Medicine,Shanghai Jiaotong University,reported a designer self-assemble peptide to maximize the therapeutic benefits of neural stem cell transplantation for Alzheimer’s Disease(AD),which was published in Mol Neurobiol(Jan 14。展开更多
[Objectives]Epimedium brevicornu Maxim is a well-known plant having the concomitant function of both medicine and foodstuff with the bioactivity of anti-inflammatory and cardiovascular protection.It has important ther...[Objectives]Epimedium brevicornu Maxim is a well-known plant having the concomitant function of both medicine and foodstuff with the bioactivity of anti-inflammatory and cardiovascular protection.It has important therapeutic effects and health benefits for various chronic diseases.This study aimed to analyze the studies on E.brevicornu Maxim from 2003 to 2022 with bibliometric analysis.[Methods]Publications related to E.brevicornu Maxim was retrieved in Web of Science Core Collection(WoSCC)from January 1,2003 to November 19,2022,and analyzed in Microsoft Excle,CiteSpace,and VOSviewer.[Results]In total,1317 documents were extracted from the WoSCC database.The growth rate of the publications showed a rapid increase from 2017.China provided the most documents,and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences,Fudan University and Chinese Academy of Sciences contributed more papers.Wang Ying from Chinese Academy of Sciences was the most productive author,and the Journal of Ethnopharmacology was the most co-cited journal.The words"icariin","activation","oxidative stress","apoptosis","proliferation","osteogenic differentiation"and"flavonoid"were frequently occurred in the abstract and title of articles.Cluster analysis of keywords demonstrated"hippocampal neuron","efficient production","liquid extraction","bone regeneration"and"leukemia cell growth"were the hot topics from 2003 to 2022.The focus of the research has changed from the liquid extraction of flavonoids to the inflammatory response and metabolism,while cognitive deficit has emerged as a recent research hotspot.[Conclusions]The research on E.brevicornu Maxim has been expanding,and more studies are related to signaling pathways and metabolism diseases.展开更多
In this paper,we introduce the set of maximal subgroups with non-trivial core and their corresponding second maximal subgroups.A correlation characterization of the group class J_(pr)is presented by establishing the r...In this paper,we introduce the set of maximal subgroups with non-trivial core and their corresponding second maximal subgroups.A correlation characterization of the group class J_(pr)is presented by establishing the relationship between the core and the second maximal subgroups in these classifications.展开更多
Maximal steered coherence(MSC)is a noteworthy resource measure in the field of quantum information,and it is defined under the framework of coherence measure and the formalism of quantum steering ellipsoids(QSEs).Here...Maximal steered coherence(MSC)is a noteworthy resource measure in the field of quantum information,and it is defined under the framework of coherence measure and the formalism of quantum steering ellipsoids(QSEs).Here,we explore the MSC of a two-qubit X state under the common influences of reservoir and noise.The results disclose that the introduction of auxiliary qubits can give rise to enhancement of the MSC in both the strong and weak coupling regimes.Moreover,more auxiliary qubits can decrease the oscillation period of the MSC,and also suppress the oscillation amplitude of the MSC in the strong coupling regime.In contrast,the increases in auxiliary qubits result in the oscillation of the MSC for the setting of the initially weak coupling regime.Of particular interest is that the improvement effects of more auxiliary qubits on the MSC in the initially weak coupling regime are significantly stronger than that in the initially strong coupling regime.展开更多
Five meroterpenoids,rhodonoids K-M(1-2),daurichromene E(3),and grifolins A-B(4-5),together with seven known compounds(6-12),were isolated from Rhododendron anthopogonoides.The chemical structures of these compounds we...Five meroterpenoids,rhodonoids K-M(1-2),daurichromene E(3),and grifolins A-B(4-5),together with seven known compounds(6-12),were isolated from Rhododendron anthopogonoides.The chemical structures of these compounds were elucidated through comprehensive analysis of high-resolution electrospray ionization mass spectrometry(HR-ESI-MS),ultraviolet(UV),infrared spectroscopy(IR),and nuclear magnetic resonance(NMR)data.Their absolute configurations were determined by comparing experimental electronic circular dichroism(ECD)spectra with computed values.Notably,compounds 1 and 3 demonstrated significant inhibitory effects on lipopolysaccharide(LPS)-induced inflammation in RAW264.7 cells.These compounds markedly suppressed the mRNA expressions of inflammatory factors,including interleukin(IL)-1β,IL-6,and tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α)while also down-regulating the protein expressions of inducible nitric oxide synthase(iNOS)and cyclooxygenase-2(COX-2).展开更多
Objective:To explore a rapid and accurate method for evaluating the quality of Prunus mandshurica(Maxim.)Koehne(P.mandshurica,Ku Xing Ren)during rancidity using machine vision and learning.Methods:Sensory evaluation a...Objective:To explore a rapid and accurate method for evaluating the quality of Prunus mandshurica(Maxim.)Koehne(P.mandshurica,Ku Xing Ren)during rancidity using machine vision and learning.Methods:Sensory evaluation and chemometrics were used to classify P.mandshurica quality grades after rancidity.Chemical indicators of the P.mandshurica quality change were determined to verify the ob-tained grades and support the subsequent modeling.The International Commission on Illumination color space was used to extract the color features of the P.mandshurica.Discrimination and prediction models based on color features combined with multiple machine learning algorithms were established using 10-fold cross-validation and external test set validation.Results:The P.mandshurica rancidity samples were allocated to three quality grades.The Bayes net model based on powder color successfully identified the P.mandshurica at different grades with an accuracy of 88.89%and 100%using two validations,and the naive Bayes model based on section color achieved the same accuracy with an receiver operating characteristic area of 0.979.The instance-based k-nearest neighbors model based on powder color performed best in predicting the amygdalin content[R^(2)=0.9801,mean absolute error(MAE)=0.2071,root mean squared error(RMSE)=0.4170],followed by the random com-mittee model in predicting the acid value(R^(2)=0.9580,MAE=1.5121,RMSE=1.9099)and the random forest model in predicting the peroxide value(R^(2)=0.8857,MAE=0.0027,RMSE=0.0035).Conclusion:This study demonstrates that color digitization analysis is a potential method for rapidly evaluating the quality of P.mandshurica across the rancidity process,providing a new reference for the quality assessment of traditional Chinese medicines.展开更多
To provide reference for the prevention and control of diseases,pests,and weeds on Zanthoxylum bungeanum Maxim.and the research and development of new pesticide registrations,this paper analyzes the quantity,variety s...To provide reference for the prevention and control of diseases,pests,and weeds on Zanthoxylum bungeanum Maxim.and the research and development of new pesticide registrations,this paper analyzes the quantity,variety structure,dosage forms,and toxicity of pesticides registered on Z.bungeanum in China.The analysis reveals a relatively low quantity of pesticide registrations on Z.bungeanum,with no herbicide registrations;suspension concentrates dominate the dosage forms,and pesticide toxicity is classified as low-toxicity or micro-toxicity;registered pesticides target only rust,anthracnose,scale insects,aphids,and spider mites,while plant growth regulators solely involve growth regulation and shoot control.Given the current status of limited and incomplete pesticide registrations targeting major diseases,pests,and weeds on Z.bungeanum,severe product homogenization,and unknown maximum residue limits,it is recommended to intensify efforts in pesticide registration on Z.bungeanum,actively research and apply green control technologies,strengthen technical training guidance and pesticide supervision enforcement,to promote the healthy development of the industry.展开更多
In this paper,the authors study the multilinear commutators generated by a class of multilinear singular integral operators with generalized kernels and Lipschitz functions.By establishing the sharp maximal estimates,...In this paper,the authors study the multilinear commutators generated by a class of multilinear singular integral operators with generalized kernels and Lipschitz functions.By establishing the sharp maximal estimates,the boundedness of this kind of multilinear commutators on product of weighted Lebesgue spaces can be obtained.展开更多
基金financially supported in part by National Key R&D Program of China(No.2018YFB1801402)in part by Huawei Technologies Co.,Ltd.
文摘In this paper,we innovatively associate the mutual information with the frame error rate(FER)performance and propose novel quantized decoders for polar codes.Based on the optimal quantizer of binary-input discrete memoryless channels(BDMCs),the proposed decoders quantize the virtual subchannels of polar codes to maximize mutual information(MMI)between source bits and quantized symbols.The nested structure of polar codes ensures that the MMI quantization can be implemented stage by stage.Simulation results show that the proposed MMI decoders with 4 quantization bits outperform the existing nonuniform quantized decoders that minimize mean-squared error(MMSE)with 4 quantization bits,and yield even better performance than uniform MMI quantized decoders with 5 quantization bits.Furthermore,the proposed 5-bit quantized MMI decoders approach the floating-point decoders with negligible performance loss.
文摘With the help of a radially invariant vector field, we derive inequalities of the Hardy kind, with no boundary terms, for W^(1,p) functions on bounded star domains. Our results are not obtainable from the classical inequalities for W_0^(1,p) functions. Unlike in W_0^(1,p),our inequalities admit maximizers that we describe explicitly.
文摘In this paper, we consider a fuzzy c-means (FCM) clustering algorithm combined with the deterministic annealing method and the Tsallis entropy maximization. The Tsallis entropy is a q-parameter extension of the Shannon entropy. By maximizing the Tsallis entropy within the framework of FCM, membership functions similar to statistical mechanical distribution functions can be derived. One of the major considerations when using this method is how to determine appropriate q values and the highest annealing temperature, Thigh?, for a given data set. Accordingly, in this paper, a method for determining these values simultaneously without introducing any additional parameters is presented. In our approach, the membership function is approximated by a series of expansion methods and the K-means clustering algorithm is utilized as a preprocessing step to estimate a radius of each data distribution. The results of experiments indicate that the proposed method is effective and both q and Thigh can be determined automatically and algebraically from a given data set.
文摘This research article is based on a study of optimal frequency to the repairable system due to the failure finding interval to maximize as well as minimize the availability of some components devices. We studied together maintenance and corrective actions that carried out item of failure and periodic failure finding designed to check whether a system is still working. The model is proved as well as useful application in detecting the problem related to finding failure tasks of different scheme devices by maximization. The model formulated and the numerical application to the relevant mathematical model have been discussed to demonstrate the article quality. Therefore based on probability analytic development, the optimal maintenance policy is then obtained as solution of an optimization problem in which the maintenance cost rate is the objective function and the risk of corrective maintenance is the constraint function. Finally, the solution to the optimal device in the considered development model has been well adjusted due to derivation to the experimental observation rather than theory which will be taken into consideration in the next applied practical design research related and the system device provided that, the proactive device agreed with using the exponential distribution to the survive distribution function which can not be considered as valid.
基金Türkiye Bilimsel ve Teknolojik Arastirma Kurumu(TüBITAK)DPT-HAMIT(109E301,113E331)Türkiye Bilimler Akademisi(TUBA)
文摘In this paper, we propose a methodology to maximize the absorption bandwidth of a metal-insulator-metal(MIM) based absorber. The proposed structure is made of a Cr-Al_2O_3-Cr multilayer design. At the initial step,the optimum MIM planar design is fabricated and optically characterized. The results show absorption above 0.9 from 400 nm to 850 nm. Afterward, the transfer matrix method is used to find the optimal condition for the perfect light absorption in an ultra-broadband frequency range. This modeling approach predicts that changing the filling fraction of the top Cr layer can extend light absorption toward longer wavelengths. We experimentally proved that the use of proper top Cr thickness and annealing temperature leads to a nearly perfect light absorption from 400 nm to 1150 nm, which is much broader than that of a planar design. Therefore, while keeping the overall process lithography-free, the absorption functionality of the design can be significantly improved. The results presented here can serve as a beacon for future performance-enhanced multilayer designs where a simple fabrication step can boost the overall device response without changing its overall thickness and fabrication simplicity.
文摘Engineered stimuli-responsive drug delivery devices hold vast promise in biological applications for disease treatment due to their maximized therapeutic efficacy In this study a novel, stably cross-linked, and pH-sensitive biodegradable gel-micelle was constructed with amphiphilic conjugates of trimethylene dipiperidine- methacrylic anhydride-hyaluronic acid-stearylamine （TMDP-MA-HA-SA, TMHS） to improve tumor-targeting with flexible intracellular delivery of paditaxel （PTX）. The cross-linked methacrylate bonds significantly improved the biostability of TMHS gel-micelle （~ 200 nm） over the non-cross-linked under physiological conditions, while hyaluronic acid plays an important role in active tumor targetability. The gradual degradation of cross-linked hyaluronic acid shell was triggered by the concentrated hyaluronidase. Meanwhile, under acidic conditions （pH 〈 6.5）, the tertiary amines of pH-sensitive TMDP moieties were protonated and thereby solubilized the gel-micellar core-portions. The resultant pH-triggered inner-core spaces rapidly prompted PTX release in the presence of multiple cytosolic enzymes that mainly degraded the remaining hydrophobic stearylamine core. During the in vitro cytotoxicity assay, PTX-loaded TMHS gel-micelles （ct~） revealed anticancer efficacy against human hepatocellular carcinoma HepG2 cells with ICs0 of 1.42 gg/mL （PTX concentration）, significantly lower than other groups. In parallel, the in vivo anti-tumor efficacy of CLTMHSptx gel-micelles against BALB/c xenograft tumor animal model demonstrated the greater tumor growth inhibition capacity of 72.06%, compared to other treatment groups at a safe concentration. Consequently, the cross-linked and stimuli-responsive CLTMHSFrx gel-micelles hold a great potential for flexible modulation of intracellular delivery of hydrophobic anticancer drugs with maximized antitumor efficacy.
基金supported by the CAS Project for Young Scientists in Basic Research under Grant YSBR-035Jiangsu Provincial Key Research and Development Program under Grant BE2021013-2.
文摘In covert communications,joint jammer selection and power optimization are important to improve performance.However,existing schemes usually assume a warden with a known location and perfect Channel State Information(CSI),which is difficult to achieve in practice.To be more practical,it is important to investigate covert communications against a warden with uncertain locations and imperfect CSI,which makes it difficult for legitimate transceivers to estimate the detection probability of the warden.First,the uncertainty caused by the unknown warden location must be removed,and the Optimal Detection Position(OPTDP)of the warden is derived which can provide the best detection performance(i.e.,the worst case for a covert communication).Then,to further avoid the impractical assumption of perfect CSI,the covert throughput is maximized using only the channel distribution information.Given this OPTDP based worst case for covert communications,the jammer selection,the jamming power,the transmission power,and the transmission rate are jointly optimized to maximize the covert throughput(OPTDP-JP).To solve this coupling problem,a Heuristic algorithm based on Maximum Distance Ratio(H-MAXDR)is proposed to provide a sub-optimal solution.First,according to the analysis of the covert throughput,the node with the maximum distance ratio(i.e.,the ratio of the distances from the jammer to the receiver and that to the warden)is selected as the friendly jammer(MAXDR).Then,the optimal transmission and jamming power can be derived,followed by the optimal transmission rate obtained via the bisection method.In numerical and simulation results,it is shown that although the location of the warden is unknown,by assuming the OPTDP of the warden,the proposed OPTDP-JP can always satisfy the covertness constraint.In addition,with an uncertain warden and imperfect CSI,the covert throughput provided by OPTDP-JP is 80%higher than the existing schemes when the covertness constraint is 0.9,showing the effectiveness of OPTDP-JP.
基金Supported by NSFC(No.12171062)the Natural Science Foundation of Chongqing(No.CSTB2022NSCQ-JQX0004)+1 种基金the Chongqing Talent Support Program(No.cstc2024ycjh-bgzxm0121)Science and Technology Project of Chongqing Education Committee(No.KJZD-M202300503)。
文摘The purpose of this article is to introduce a new method with a self-adaptive stepsize for approximating a common solution of monotone inclusion problems and variational inequality problems in reflexive Banach spaces.The strong convergence result for our method is established under some standard assumptions without any requirement of the knowledge of the Lipschitz constant of the mapping.Several numerical experiments are provided to verify the advantages and efficiency of proposed algorithms.
文摘BACKGROUND Epilepsy impacts millions of people,with many not responding to existing treatments.Some evidence links neuroinflammatory processes to epilepsy.Statins exhibit anti-inflammatory and neuroprotective properties,potentially offering antiepileptic effects.AIM To evaluate the anticonvulsant effects of rosuvastatin in animal models of epilepsy.METHODS Ninety-six albino mice were divided into 16 groups.In the maximal electroshock seizure(MES)model,eight groups received intraperitoneal vehicle,carbama-zepine,rosuvastatin,or a combination.Outcomes measured included seizure protection[tonic hind limb extension(THLE)],duration of THLE,seizure duration,and mortality.In the pentylenetetrazol(PTZ)model,eight groups were pretreated with vehicle,valproate,rosuvastatin,or a combination,with outcomes measured as seizure latency,seizure duration,and mortality.RESULTS In the MES model,rosuvastatin exhibited protection against THLE in a small percentage of mice.Rosuvastatin shortens the duration of THLE in a dose-dependent manner.However,none of these were statistically significant com-pared to the control group.The combination of rosuvastatin 10 mg/kg with carbamazepine 4 mg/kg resulted in a significant reduction in seizure duration compared to the control group,better than carbamazepine alone at 4 mg/kg and 6 mg/kg.In the PTZ model,rosuvastatin alone showed no significant effects on latency,duration of seizure,or mortality.However,rosuvastatin 10 mg/kg combined with valproate 100 mg/kg significantly delayed the onset of seizures,seizure duration and mortality percentage,better than valproate alone at 100 mg/kg.CONCLUSION Rosuvastatin enhanced the anticonvulsant effects of carbamazepine and valproate.Further studies are required to explore the antiepileptic potential of rosuvastatin at various doses,durations,dosage forms,routes and models.
文摘It is difficult to judge whether a given point is a global maximizer of an unconstrained optimization problem. This paper deals with this problem by considering global information via integral and gives a necessary and sufficient condition judging whether a given point is a global maximizer of an unconstrained optimization problem. An algorithm is offered under such a condition and finally two test problems are verified via the offered algorithm.
基金Supported by by Natural Science Foundation of Henan(202300410184 and242300421387)。
文摘In this paper,we provide an alternative proof of the weak type(1,n/n-a)inequality for the fractional maximal operators.By using the discretization technique,we can get the main result,which shows that the weak type(1,n/n-a)bound of M_(α)is at worst 2^(n-a).The weak type(1,n/n-a)bound of M_(α)can be estimated more directly and easily in this method,which is different from the usual ways.
文摘With the support by the National Natural Science Foundation of China,Dr.Cui Guohong’s laboratory at the Department of Neurology,Shanghai No.9People’s Hospital,School of Medicine,Shanghai Jiaotong University,reported a designer self-assemble peptide to maximize the therapeutic benefits of neural stem cell transplantation for Alzheimer’s Disease(AD),which was published in Mol Neurobiol(Jan 14。
基金Supported by The Scientific Research Program(B2021234)from Hubei Provincial Department of EducationKey Research and Development Program of Hubei Province(2022BCE013)+2 种基金Open fund of Hubei Key Laboratory of Economic Forest Germplasm Improvement and Resources Comprehensive Utilization(202303302)Scientific Research Foundation for Advanced Talents(2042021040)from Huanggang Normal UniversityChinese Foundation for Hepatitis Prevention and Control-Chinese Hepatitis B Research Fund(YGFK20220019).
文摘[Objectives]Epimedium brevicornu Maxim is a well-known plant having the concomitant function of both medicine and foodstuff with the bioactivity of anti-inflammatory and cardiovascular protection.It has important therapeutic effects and health benefits for various chronic diseases.This study aimed to analyze the studies on E.brevicornu Maxim from 2003 to 2022 with bibliometric analysis.[Methods]Publications related to E.brevicornu Maxim was retrieved in Web of Science Core Collection(WoSCC)from January 1,2003 to November 19,2022,and analyzed in Microsoft Excle,CiteSpace,and VOSviewer.[Results]In total,1317 documents were extracted from the WoSCC database.The growth rate of the publications showed a rapid increase from 2017.China provided the most documents,and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences,Fudan University and Chinese Academy of Sciences contributed more papers.Wang Ying from Chinese Academy of Sciences was the most productive author,and the Journal of Ethnopharmacology was the most co-cited journal.The words"icariin","activation","oxidative stress","apoptosis","proliferation","osteogenic differentiation"and"flavonoid"were frequently occurred in the abstract and title of articles.Cluster analysis of keywords demonstrated"hippocampal neuron","efficient production","liquid extraction","bone regeneration"and"leukemia cell growth"were the hot topics from 2003 to 2022.The focus of the research has changed from the liquid extraction of flavonoids to the inflammatory response and metabolism,while cognitive deficit has emerged as a recent research hotspot.[Conclusions]The research on E.brevicornu Maxim has been expanding,and more studies are related to signaling pathways and metabolism diseases.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.1237101812201236)+1 种基金the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(Grant No.B240201093/2013)the Natural Science Foundation of the Anhui Higher Education Institutions(Grant No.2022AH051907)。
文摘In this paper,we introduce the set of maximal subgroups with non-trivial core and their corresponding second maximal subgroups.A correlation characterization of the group class J_(pr)is presented by establishing the relationship between the core and the second maximal subgroups in these classifications.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.12175001)the Key Project of Natural Science Research of West Anhui University(Grant No.WXZR202311)+4 种基金the Open Fund of Anhui Undergrowth Crop Intelligent Equipment Engineering Research Center(Grant No.AUCIEERC-2022-01)Anhui Undergrowth Crop Intelligent Equipment Engineering Research Center(Grant No.2022AH010091)the Natural Science Research Key Project of Education Department of Anhui Province of China(Grant No.2023AH052648)the University Synergy Innovation Program of Anhui Province(Grant No.GXXT-2021-026)the Anhui Provincial Natural Science Foundation(Grant Nos.2108085MA18 and 2008085MA20).
文摘Maximal steered coherence(MSC)is a noteworthy resource measure in the field of quantum information,and it is defined under the framework of coherence measure and the formalism of quantum steering ellipsoids(QSEs).Here,we explore the MSC of a two-qubit X state under the common influences of reservoir and noise.The results disclose that the introduction of auxiliary qubits can give rise to enhancement of the MSC in both the strong and weak coupling regimes.Moreover,more auxiliary qubits can decrease the oscillation period of the MSC,and also suppress the oscillation amplitude of the MSC in the strong coupling regime.In contrast,the increases in auxiliary qubits result in the oscillation of the MSC for the setting of the initially weak coupling regime.Of particular interest is that the improvement effects of more auxiliary qubits on the MSC in the initially weak coupling regime are significantly stronger than that in the initially strong coupling regime.
基金supported by the second batch of Bureaulevel Projects of the Xizang Medicine Administration of the Xizang Autonomous Region in 2020(No.JJKT20200024).
文摘Five meroterpenoids,rhodonoids K-M(1-2),daurichromene E(3),and grifolins A-B(4-5),together with seven known compounds(6-12),were isolated from Rhododendron anthopogonoides.The chemical structures of these compounds were elucidated through comprehensive analysis of high-resolution electrospray ionization mass spectrometry(HR-ESI-MS),ultraviolet(UV),infrared spectroscopy(IR),and nuclear magnetic resonance(NMR)data.Their absolute configurations were determined by comparing experimental electronic circular dichroism(ECD)spectra with computed values.Notably,compounds 1 and 3 demonstrated significant inhibitory effects on lipopolysaccharide(LPS)-induced inflammation in RAW264.7 cells.These compounds markedly suppressed the mRNA expressions of inflammatory factors,including interleukin(IL)-1β,IL-6,and tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α)while also down-regulating the protein expressions of inducible nitric oxide synthase(iNOS)and cyclooxygenase-2(COX-2).
基金funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(81573542)Shanxi Province's Traditional Chinese Medicine Technology Innovation Project(2100601).
文摘Objective:To explore a rapid and accurate method for evaluating the quality of Prunus mandshurica(Maxim.)Koehne(P.mandshurica,Ku Xing Ren)during rancidity using machine vision and learning.Methods:Sensory evaluation and chemometrics were used to classify P.mandshurica quality grades after rancidity.Chemical indicators of the P.mandshurica quality change were determined to verify the ob-tained grades and support the subsequent modeling.The International Commission on Illumination color space was used to extract the color features of the P.mandshurica.Discrimination and prediction models based on color features combined with multiple machine learning algorithms were established using 10-fold cross-validation and external test set validation.Results:The P.mandshurica rancidity samples were allocated to three quality grades.The Bayes net model based on powder color successfully identified the P.mandshurica at different grades with an accuracy of 88.89%and 100%using two validations,and the naive Bayes model based on section color achieved the same accuracy with an receiver operating characteristic area of 0.979.The instance-based k-nearest neighbors model based on powder color performed best in predicting the amygdalin content[R^(2)=0.9801,mean absolute error(MAE)=0.2071,root mean squared error(RMSE)=0.4170],followed by the random com-mittee model in predicting the acid value(R^(2)=0.9580,MAE=1.5121,RMSE=1.9099)and the random forest model in predicting the peroxide value(R^(2)=0.8857,MAE=0.0027,RMSE=0.0035).Conclusion:This study demonstrates that color digitization analysis is a potential method for rapidly evaluating the quality of P.mandshurica across the rancidity process,providing a new reference for the quality assessment of traditional Chinese medicines.
基金Supported by Sichuan Province Zanthoxylum bungeanum Maxim.Innovation Team Project"Green Control of Diseases and Weeds on Zanthoxylum bungeanum Maxim."Institute-Local Cooperation Project"Demonstration of Chemical Fertilizer and Pesticide Reduction Techniques in Hongya County(2024-2026)".
文摘To provide reference for the prevention and control of diseases,pests,and weeds on Zanthoxylum bungeanum Maxim.and the research and development of new pesticide registrations,this paper analyzes the quantity,variety structure,dosage forms,and toxicity of pesticides registered on Z.bungeanum in China.The analysis reveals a relatively low quantity of pesticide registrations on Z.bungeanum,with no herbicide registrations;suspension concentrates dominate the dosage forms,and pesticide toxicity is classified as low-toxicity or micro-toxicity;registered pesticides target only rust,anthracnose,scale insects,aphids,and spider mites,while plant growth regulators solely involve growth regulation and shoot control.Given the current status of limited and incomplete pesticide registrations targeting major diseases,pests,and weeds on Z.bungeanum,severe product homogenization,and unknown maximum residue limits,it is recommended to intensify efforts in pesticide registration on Z.bungeanum,actively research and apply green control technologies,strengthen technical training guidance and pesticide supervision enforcement,to promote the healthy development of the industry.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(11671397,11571160,12071052)the Yue Qi Young Scholar of China University of Mining and Technology(Beijing)。
文摘In this paper,the authors study the multilinear commutators generated by a class of multilinear singular integral operators with generalized kernels and Lipschitz functions.By establishing the sharp maximal estimates,the boundedness of this kind of multilinear commutators on product of weighted Lebesgue spaces can be obtained.
