[Objective] This study aimed to verify the effects of new matrixes on tobacco seedlings on floating platform or field, and their effects on tobacco leaf yield and quality. [Method] The ratio of peat： carbonized rice ...[Objective] This study aimed to verify the effects of new matrixes on tobacco seedlings on floating platform or field, and their effects on tobacco leaf yield and quality. [Method] The ratio of peat： carbonized rice hull： perlite： sand in the four new matrixes was 10∶40∶30∶20, 20∶40∶10∶30, 20∶40∶30∶10 and 20∶50∶10∶20, marked as T1, T2, T3 and T4, respectively. The ratio in control matrix was 35∶40∶25∶0. [Result]In formulas T1, T2, T3 and T4, the peat consumption was reduced by 70.1%,41.5%, 41.5%, and 41.5% respectively, which saved 12.5%, 23.1%, 8.2% and 12.8%of the cost. The new matrixes can effectively increase the seedling emergence rate of tobacco. The quality and duration of seedlings in float system with new matrixes showed no difference from those of control matrix. The values of output using the new matrixes were 323.10, 92.25, 39.30 and 2 250.60 Yuan/hm2higher than that of the control. Besides, the proportion of the first- and second-rate tobacco leaves was also improved. [Conclusion] These four new matrixes can be widely applied to raise seedling in a float system, and T4 is the best choice.展开更多
The enterprises need to assess the risk dynamic of financial instability and its impact on small and medium-sized enterprises＇ development, because it is important for enterprises to extend commercial activity and to...The enterprises need to assess the risk dynamic of financial instability and its impact on small and medium-sized enterprises＇ development, because it is important for enterprises to extend commercial activity and to open a new structural subdivision. We have researched types of risks, their identification, classification, and assessment possibilities in activities of small and medium-sized enterprises. We have used our own algorithm of identification, classification, and assessment of enterprises＇ risks. The goal of this research is to study the economic and financial risks＇ impact on small and medium-sized enterprises＇ development in Latvia. For study purpose, we have carried out the questionnaire of representative small and medium-sized enterprises about the economic and financial risks＇ impact on enterprises＇ development in Latvia. We have created classification of Latvian services sectors＇ economic and financial risks in the period from 2011 to 2012. Those risks have been included in the questionnaire. The risks matrix is a quantitative assessment tool of risks. We have created Latvian service sector economic and financial risks matrix. We have arranged risks by their sizes of possible losses for enterprises. For each risk has been assessed its probability of realization. We have created Latvian accommodations （hotel） and food services technological process risks map. Several parts of the risk map （segments） make it possible to assess each type of the risk separately in its segment. Risks matrix can be used to choose enterprises＇ strategy of risk management. Enterprise＇s strategy of risk management is developed by analysing zones of risk level.展开更多
Rheplpgy of castables is greatly affected and controlled by rheological behavior of their matrix. In this work ,the rheological properties of bauxite-based castable matrix have been studied. The effects of super-fine ...Rheplpgy of castables is greatly affected and controlled by rheological behavior of their matrix. In this work ,the rheological properties of bauxite-based castable matrix have been studied. The effects of super-fine silica and alumina addition , water/ cement ratio, dispersants and bauxite particle-size on viscosity, shear rate and shear stress of the slur-ries have been investigated . Based on these results, the range of optimum composition of the matrix with good rheological behavior has been obtained.展开更多
The Cr^3＋：BeAl2O4 crystal, Cr^3＋：LiNbO3 crystal, and ZnO-Al2O3-SiO2 glass-ceramic were obtained by the Czochralski technique, Bridgman method, and melting processing, respectively. The optical absorption and emiss...The Cr^3＋：BeAl2O4 crystal, Cr^3＋：LiNbO3 crystal, and ZnO-Al2O3-SiO2 glass-ceramic were obtained by the Czochralski technique, Bridgman method, and melting processing, respectively. The optical absorption and emission spectra of the above Cr^3＋-incorporated solid-state materials were recorded. The technical parameters for growing high-quality Cr^3＋：BeAl2O4 and Cr^3＋：LINbO3 crystals were obtained. The results indicate that the optical absorption and fluorescence spectra of Cr^3＋ show quite a few differences in various matrixes. The sharp line emissions were observed in the Cr^3＋：BeAl2O4 and Cr^3＋：LiNbO3 crystals. The crystal-field parameters （Dq） for Cr^3＋. in different matrixes were calculated from their corresponding spectra. It is indicated that Cr^3＋：BeAl2O4 and Cr^3＋：LiNbO3 belong to the high-field site crystal, while the Cr^3＋ ZnO-Al2O3-SiO2 glass and glass-ceramic belong to the weak-field site crystal.展开更多
Fuzziness is one of the general characteristics of human thinking and objective things. Introducing fuzzy techniques into decision-making yields very good results. Fuzzy consistent matrix has many excellent characteri...Fuzziness is one of the general characteristics of human thinking and objective things. Introducing fuzzy techniques into decision-making yields very good results. Fuzzy consistent matrix has many excellent characteristics, especially cen- ter-division transitivity conforming to the reality of the human thinking process in decision-making. This paper presents a new approach for creating fuzzy consistent matrix from mutual supplementary matrix in fuzzy decision-making. At the same time, based on the distance between individual fuzzy consistent matrix and average fuzzy consistent matrix, a kind of combined opera- tion for several fuzzy consistent matrixes is presented which reflects most opinions of experienced experts. Finally, a practical example shows its flexibility and practicability further.展开更多
SiC_(f)/Ti composite owns the attractive advantages of lightweight and excellent high-temperature performance,which make it have great significance to the development of aerospace industry.However,the complicated fabr...SiC_(f)/Ti composite owns the attractive advantages of lightweight and excellent high-temperature performance,which make it have great significance to the development of aerospace industry.However,the complicated fabrication route and novel architecture of SiC_(f)/Ti composite bring about more difficulties for controlling its microstructure.In this work,the method of regulating the structure and performance of the composite matrix by adjusting the characteristics of the precursor wire was explored.The physical vapor deposition(PVD)method was applied to fabricate precursor wires.Ti6242 coatings with bamboo leaf-shaped grains and chrysanthemumshaped grains were deposited on SiC fibers by changing the PVD condition.It is found that the original structure of the Ti6242 coating of precursor wire has significant impact on the microstructure of the composite matrix after hot isostatic pressing(HIP).The matrix transformed from the Ti6242 coating with bamboo leaf-shaped grains exhibits equiaxed grain structure.While the other matrix has a columnar crystal structure,and the inside of the columnar crystal inherits the original chrysanthemum-shaped structure.The columnar crystal matrix has lower hardness and modulus than the equiaxed grain matrix.展开更多
During the process that implant materials are used for bone replacement,the cell responses to implant materials determine the long-term stability of bone replacement.The microstructure of implant materials is consider...During the process that implant materials are used for bone replacement,the cell responses to implant materials determine the long-term stability of bone replacement.The microstructure of implant materials is considered as a critical factor that influences the cell responses.Carbon/Carbon composites(C/C composites)are novel implant materials,but there are few reports on the effect of their microstructure,especially the carbon matrixes and holes,on cell behavior.In this paper,C/C composites with different carbon matrixes are prepared by chemical vapor infiltration and pressure impregnation carbonization technique,respectively.The structure of holes is analyzed.The cell responses to C/C composites with different carbon matrixes are evaluated with MG63 osteoblast-like cells.The morphologies of MG63 osteoblast-like cells on the surface of C/C composites,especially in the holes are assessed by scanning electron microscope,and cell proliferation behavior is evaluated by 3-[4,5-dimethylthiozol-2-yl]-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide(MTT)assay.The results show that MG63 osteoblast-like cells have a lamellar morphology with similar sizes and spreading areas as well as the same proliferation behaviors for C/C composites with different carbon matrixes.Carbon matrix shows unapparent influence on the cell growth behavior.Besides,MG63 osteoblast-like cells have various interactions with the holes of C/C composites.The cells stride over the holes with 6~8μm in size,and connect with each other or grow along the curvature wall of the holes with a size of 30-40μm;the cells present three-dimensional morphologies inside the holes and display circular shapes along the ridge of the holes.Diverse cell-material interactions are found according to the size and position of the holes,which provides theoretical foundation for the microstructure design of clinical C/C composites.展开更多
A method for ranking complementary judgment matrixes with traspezoidal fuzzy numbers based on Hausdorff metric distance and fuzzy compromise decision approach is proposed. With regard to fuzzy number complementary jud...A method for ranking complementary judgment matrixes with traspezoidal fuzzy numbers based on Hausdorff metric distance and fuzzy compromise decision approach is proposed. With regard to fuzzy number complementary judgment matrixes given by a decider group whose members have various weights, the expert＇s information was aggregated first by means of simple weight average（SWA） method and Bonissone calculational method. Hence a matrix including all the experts＇ preference information was got. Then the matrix＇ column members were added up and the fuzzy evaluation values of the alternatives were got. Lastly, the Hausdorff metric distance and fuzzy compromise decision approach were used to rank the fuzzy evaluation values and then the ranking values of all the alternatives were got. Because exact numbers and triangular fuzzy numbers could all be transformed into trapezoidal fuzzy numbers, the method developed can rank complementary judgment matrixes with trapezoidal fuzzy numbers, triangular fuzzy numbers and exact numbers as well. An illustrative example is also given to verify the developed method and to demonstrate its feasibility and practicality.展开更多
Objective To investigate the regulatory effects of somatostatin (SST) and octreotide (OCT) on the extracellular matrixes (ECM) metabolism of rat hepatic stellate cells (HSCs). Methods Being treated with different conc...Objective To investigate the regulatory effects of somatostatin (SST) and octreotide (OCT) on the extracellular matrixes (ECM) metabolism of rat hepatic stellate cells (HSCs). Methods Being treated with different concentrations of SST or OCT, the mRNA levels of collage type I, III and the expression of collagen, matrix metalloproteinase-1(MMP-1), tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-1 (TIMP-1) in activated HSCs were assessed by in situ hybridization (ISH), 3H-proline incorporation and immunocytochemistry, respectively. In addition, levels of hyaluronic acid (HA), laminin (LM), and procollagen type III (PCIII) in the culture supernatant of HSCs were also detected by means of enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). ResultsBoth SST and OCT markedly down-regulated the transcription of collagen type I, III in activated HSCs within the range of 10-6-10-7 mol/L and 10-5-10-7 mol/L, respectively (P<0.05). SST-treated groups of 10-6-10-7 mol/L and OCT-treated groups of 10-5-10-7 mol/L also demonstrated statistically decreased production of collagen, HA, LM, PCIII in a dose-dependent way (P<0.05). Furthermore, HSCs cocultured with SST (10-6 mol/L) or OCT (10-5-10-6 mol/L) exhibited TIMP-1 levels much lower than that of normal control (P<0.05), which resulted in an elevated ratio of MMP/TIMP. Conclusion SST and its analog may play a negative regulatory role in the ECM metabolism of HSCs. Their effect may be benefit for prevention and therapy of hepatic fibrosis.展开更多
At the base of experimental animal model construction of bone defect in New Zealand rabbit, the promoting repair effect of bioactive ceramics on bone defect as well as its machanism was studied through testing body mi...At the base of experimental animal model construction of bone defect in New Zealand rabbit, the promoting repair effect of bioactive ceramics on bone defect as well as its machanism was studied through testing body mineral elements, enzymes related to bone morphogenetic proteins and some biochemical indexes. Refering to some documents, materials of TCP, CHA and HA were combined and TCP/BMP/ TCP-β1 and CHA/BMP/ TCP-β1,HA/BMP/ TCP-β1 composite materials were made. All kinds of them were implanted into the radial defect site of rabbit, respectively. The chosen blood indexes (Ca, P, ALP, GGT, AST, ALT, TPA, BUN and Cr) were tested by colorimetry, speed rate and bromocresol green testing methods. No abnormal effects were found in any animal after operation. Serum concentrations of Ca, P and ALP were increased with the length of time in all groups of the three kinds of composite material, mixed material and pure materials. The increases in composite material groups were more significant (P<0.05). Comparison of the three kinds of material showed TCP>CHA>HA. There was a tendency of increased TPA and decreased BUN with the length of time. There was no significant difference between the composite material groups and pure material group (P>0.05). The three kinds of bioactive ceramics composed of extracellular matrix could increase the serum concentrations of Ca and P and activity of ALP after being implanted into defect bone and showed some repairing capacity. This provided a new area of machanism study of bone defect repair by biomaterials.展开更多
Carbon dots(CDs)have been widely studied since their discovery because of simple preparation,low toxicity and excellent luminescence properties.With the deepening of research,the luminescence properties of CDs are not...Carbon dots(CDs)have been widely studied since their discovery because of simple preparation,low toxicity and excellent luminescence properties.With the deepening of research,the luminescence properties of CDs are not only limited to fluorescence,but also their afterglow properties have been widely studied.Many excellent results have been reported for afterglow CDs.Researchers have found that various organic matrixes(OMs)can fix the emission properties of CDs and provide a rigid environment,and the interaction between OMs and CDs can inhibit the non-radiative transition of triplet excitons,which can effectively activate the afterglow performance of CDs.In this review,we provide a detailed introduction to the research progress on afterglow CDs in OMs.The preparation of afterglow CDs and their related properties were analyzed and summarized based on organic polymer matrixes and organic small molecule matrixes.Organic polymer matrixes from synthetic polymers and natural polymers have been introduced.Then,the mechanism of solid and liquid afterglow of CDs by OMs is analyzed,and their applications in the fields of anti-counterfeiting,information encryption,phosphorescence detection,fingerprint recognition,lighting and so on are summarized.Finally,the challenges facing afterglow CDs in OMs are summarized,and future research is proposed.展开更多
We apply the dynamic programming methods to compute the analytical solution of the dynamic mean-variance optimization problem affected by an exogenous liability in a multi-periods market model with singular second mom...We apply the dynamic programming methods to compute the analytical solution of the dynamic mean-variance optimization problem affected by an exogenous liability in a multi-periods market model with singular second moment matrixes of the return vector of assets. We use orthogonai transformations to overcome the difficulty produced by those singular matrixes, and the analytical form of the efficient frontier is obtained. As an application, the explicit form of the optimal mean-variance hedging strategy is also obtained for our model.展开更多
Let Un be the set of connected unicyclic graphs of order n and girth g.Let C(T_(1),T_(2),...,T_(g))Un be obtained from a cycle v_(1)v_(2)…v_(g)v_(1)(in the anticlockwise direction)by identifying vi with the root of a...Let Un be the set of connected unicyclic graphs of order n and girth g.Let C(T_(1),T_(2),...,T_(g))Un be obtained from a cycle v_(1)v_(2)…v_(g)v_(1)(in the anticlockwise direction)by identifying vi with the root of a rooted tree Ti of order ni for each i=1,2,...,g,where ni≥1 and∑^(g)_(i=1)n_(i)=n.Let S(n_(1),n_(2),...,n_(g))be obtained from C(T_(1),T_(2),..,T_(g))by replacing each Ti by a rooted star Sni with the center as its root.Let U(n_(1),n_(2),...,ng)be the set of unicyclic graphs which differ from the unicyclic graph S(n_(1),n_(2),...,n_(g))only up to a permutation of ni's.In this paper,the graph with the minimal least signless Laplacian eigenvalue(respectively,the graph with maximum signless Laplacian spread)in U(n_(1),n_(2),...,n_(g))is determined.展开更多
In this paper,we consider the maximal positive definite solution of the nonlinear matrix equation.By using the idea of Algorithm 2.1 in ZHANG(2013),a new inversion-free method with a stepsize parameter is proposed to ...In this paper,we consider the maximal positive definite solution of the nonlinear matrix equation.By using the idea of Algorithm 2.1 in ZHANG(2013),a new inversion-free method with a stepsize parameter is proposed to obtain the maximal positive definite solution of nonlinear matrix equation X+A^(*)X|^(-α)A=Q with the case 0<α≤1.Based on this method,a new iterative algorithm is developed,and its convergence proof is given.Finally,two numerical examples are provided to show the effectiveness of the proposed method.展开更多
Driven by advancements in mobile internet technology,images have become a crucial data medium.Ensuring the security of image information during transmission has thus emerged as an urgent challenge.This study proposes ...Driven by advancements in mobile internet technology,images have become a crucial data medium.Ensuring the security of image information during transmission has thus emerged as an urgent challenge.This study proposes a novel image encryption algorithm specifically designed for grayscale image security.This research introduces a new Cantor diagonal matrix permutation method.The proposed permutation method uses row and column index sequences to control the Cantor diagonal matrix,where the row and column index sequences are generated by a spatiotemporal chaotic system named coupled map lattice(CML).The high initial value sensitivity of the CML system makes the permutation method highly sensitive and secure.Additionally,leveraging fractal theory,this study introduces a chaotic fractal matrix and applies this matrix in the diffusion process.This chaotic fractal matrix exhibits selfsimilarity and irregularity.Using the Cantor diagonal matrix and chaotic fractal matrix,this paper introduces a fast image encryption algorithm involving two diffusion steps and one permutation step.Moreover,the algorithm achieves robust security with only a single encryption round,ensuring high operational efficiency.Experimental results show that the proposed algorithm features an expansive key space,robust security,high sensitivity,high efficiency,and superior statistical properties for the ciphered images.Thus,the proposed algorithm not only provides a practical solution for secure image transmission but also bridges fractal theory with image encryption techniques,thereby opening new research avenues in chaotic cryptography and advancing the development of information security technology.展开更多
We read with great interest the investigation of Kang et al related the applications of the multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging-based predictive model for assessing chemotherapy efficacy in colorectal cancer pa...We read with great interest the investigation of Kang et al related the applications of the multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging-based predictive model for assessing chemotherapy efficacy in colorectal cancer patients with gene mutations.The authors focused on decision-making based on the integration of tumor differentiation,signal intensity ratio,margin distance,and magnetic resonance imaging-detected lymph node metastasis.Indeed,these multiparameter predictive models could also be used for diagnosis as an alternative to invasive tissue examination methods.However,progress in this field enables us to shift the paradigm to radiology biopsies,particularly given the nonlinear effects of various radiation sources.展开更多
Single-crystal(SC) structures have long been regarded as the optimal configuration for metal halide perovskite photodetectors(PDs);however, their applications in large-area imaging and wearable electronics face limita...Single-crystal(SC) structures have long been regarded as the optimal configuration for metal halide perovskite photodetectors(PDs);however, their applications in large-area imaging and wearable electronics face limitations due to size constraints and mechanical inflexibility. To address these challenges, this study develops a hybrid composite structure— polycrystalline powder(PCP) matrix(PCPM)—by strategically homogenizing 20 μm PCPs within a poly(methyl methacrylate) matrix. Such a configuration enables the formation of densely packed PCP microstructures while maintaining electric conductivity and mechanical flexibility. In the single-photon regime, responsivity(R) and external quantum efficiency(EQE) decline by 50%, with concurrent 3–4-fold enhancements in the On/Off ratio and 12–16-fold improvements in specific detectivity(D), compared with those of SC counterparts. Notably, in the two-photon regime, R and EQE exhibit a 2–3-fold increase, and the On/Off ratio and D exhibit 12–16-fold improvements. The PCPM configuration enables the high-repetitionrate wafer-scale fabrication of active layers for imaging PDs and provides exceptional mechanical flexibility and self-recovery. These findings establish PCPMs as a scalable platform for next-generation perovskite wearable electronics.展开更多
We read with the great interest the study by Ababneh et al in which inducedmesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes were shown to exhibit a stronger andmore sustained anti-proliferative effect by inducing a senescence-l...We read with the great interest the study by Ababneh et al in which inducedmesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes were shown to exhibit a stronger andmore sustained anti-proliferative effect by inducing a senescence-like state withoutapoptosis.The results obtained by the authors highlight the features of theeffects of senescent drift induction in surrounding tissues.In the light of thesefindings,the role of the properties of extracellular matrix and cellular glycocalyxin responses of human tumors to therapy remain uninvestigated.These extracellularbarriers appear to be significant obstacles to effective cancer therapy,especiallyin relation to the use of unique properties of tumor microenvironment forthe immunotherapy-resistant cancer treatment.展开更多
To exploit the combined strengthening effects of nanotwins and carbon nanotubes(CNTs)in Cu matrix composites,the nanotwins with a width ranging from 3 to 30 nm were incorporated into the CNTs-reinforced Cu matrix comp...To exploit the combined strengthening effects of nanotwins and carbon nanotubes(CNTs)in Cu matrix composites,the nanotwins with a width ranging from 3 to 30 nm were incorporated into the CNTs-reinforced Cu matrix composites using cryogenic rolling and optimizing the initial particle size of the raw Cu powders.The formation of nanotwins in the Cu matrix composite reinforced by only 0.2 wt.%CNTs is accompanied by the increased dislocation density and refined Cu grain size,resulting in much better strength−ductility synergy than the referenced composite without significant nanotwins formation.The analysis of strengthening and toughening mechanisms demonstrates that the strength increment mainly derives from grain refinement strengthening,dislocation strengthening,and nanotwin strengthening.The strength increment from the contribution of the nanotwins accounts for 19.9%of the overall strength increment for the composite.Meanwhile,the retention of good tensile ductility can be reasonably explained by the increased dislocation accommodation ability due to the formed nanotwins and the decreased induced dislocation proliferation.展开更多
The effect of adding hydroxycinnamic acids(caffeic acid,sinapic acid,p-coumaric acid and chlorogenic acid)in Cabernet Sauvignon dry red wine before and after fermentation was investigated,taking into account the color...The effect of adding hydroxycinnamic acids(caffeic acid,sinapic acid,p-coumaric acid and chlorogenic acid)in Cabernet Sauvignon dry red wine before and after fermentation was investigated,taking into account the color parameters,anthocyanin content,and overall polyphenol levels in the wine samples.The copigmentation effect of malvidin-3-Oglucoside and sinapic acid was further explored in model solution and through theoretical calculations.The results indicated that the addition of hydroxycinnamic acids significantly enhanced the wine's color with sinapic acid(before the fermentation)showing the most pronounced color protection effect.Compared to control samples,the addition of hydroxycinnamic acids resulted in a 36%increase in total phenolic content and a 28% increase in total anthocyanin content.Thermodynamic analysis revealed that the interaction between sinapic acid and malvidin-3-O-glucoside was spontaneous and exothermic.Theoretical studies identified hydrogen bonding(HB)and dispersion forces as the main primary stabilizing forces,with the carboxyl group of sinapic acid playing a critical role while the anthocyanin backbone also influenced the interaction.展开更多
文摘[Objective] This study aimed to verify the effects of new matrixes on tobacco seedlings on floating platform or field, and their effects on tobacco leaf yield and quality. [Method] The ratio of peat： carbonized rice hull： perlite： sand in the four new matrixes was 10∶40∶30∶20, 20∶40∶10∶30, 20∶40∶30∶10 and 20∶50∶10∶20, marked as T1, T2, T3 and T4, respectively. The ratio in control matrix was 35∶40∶25∶0. [Result]In formulas T1, T2, T3 and T4, the peat consumption was reduced by 70.1%,41.5%, 41.5%, and 41.5% respectively, which saved 12.5%, 23.1%, 8.2% and 12.8%of the cost. The new matrixes can effectively increase the seedling emergence rate of tobacco. The quality and duration of seedlings in float system with new matrixes showed no difference from those of control matrix. The values of output using the new matrixes were 323.10, 92.25, 39.30 and 2 250.60 Yuan/hm2higher than that of the control. Besides, the proportion of the first- and second-rate tobacco leaves was also improved. [Conclusion] These four new matrixes can be widely applied to raise seedling in a float system, and T4 is the best choice.
文摘The enterprises need to assess the risk dynamic of financial instability and its impact on small and medium-sized enterprises＇ development, because it is important for enterprises to extend commercial activity and to open a new structural subdivision. We have researched types of risks, their identification, classification, and assessment possibilities in activities of small and medium-sized enterprises. We have used our own algorithm of identification, classification, and assessment of enterprises＇ risks. The goal of this research is to study the economic and financial risks＇ impact on small and medium-sized enterprises＇ development in Latvia. For study purpose, we have carried out the questionnaire of representative small and medium-sized enterprises about the economic and financial risks＇ impact on enterprises＇ development in Latvia. We have created classification of Latvian services sectors＇ economic and financial risks in the period from 2011 to 2012. Those risks have been included in the questionnaire. The risks matrix is a quantitative assessment tool of risks. We have created Latvian service sector economic and financial risks matrix. We have arranged risks by their sizes of possible losses for enterprises. For each risk has been assessed its probability of realization. We have created Latvian accommodations （hotel） and food services technological process risks map. Several parts of the risk map （segments） make it possible to assess each type of the risk separately in its segment. Risks matrix can be used to choose enterprises＇ strategy of risk management. Enterprise＇s strategy of risk management is developed by analysing zones of risk level.
文摘Rheplpgy of castables is greatly affected and controlled by rheological behavior of their matrix. In this work ,the rheological properties of bauxite-based castable matrix have been studied. The effects of super-fine silica and alumina addition , water/ cement ratio, dispersants and bauxite particle-size on viscosity, shear rate and shear stress of the slur-ries have been investigated . Based on these results, the range of optimum composition of the matrix with good rheological behavior has been obtained.
基金This work is financially supported by the Project of Science and Technology of Zhejiang Province (No. 011066)Project of Education Committee of Zhejiang Province (No. 20010231)the Doctoral Science Foundation of Ningbo City (No. 02J20101-12)the Personal Bureau of Ningbo City, China (No. 2002182).
文摘The Cr^3＋：BeAl2O4 crystal, Cr^3＋：LiNbO3 crystal, and ZnO-Al2O3-SiO2 glass-ceramic were obtained by the Czochralski technique, Bridgman method, and melting processing, respectively. The optical absorption and emission spectra of the above Cr^3＋-incorporated solid-state materials were recorded. The technical parameters for growing high-quality Cr^3＋：BeAl2O4 and Cr^3＋：LINbO3 crystals were obtained. The results indicate that the optical absorption and fluorescence spectra of Cr^3＋ show quite a few differences in various matrixes. The sharp line emissions were observed in the Cr^3＋：BeAl2O4 and Cr^3＋：LiNbO3 crystals. The crystal-field parameters （Dq） for Cr^3＋. in different matrixes were calculated from their corresponding spectra. It is indicated that Cr^3＋：BeAl2O4 and Cr^3＋：LiNbO3 belong to the high-field site crystal, while the Cr^3＋ ZnO-Al2O3-SiO2 glass and glass-ceramic belong to the weak-field site crystal.
基金Project (No. 20040335129) supported by the Specialized Research Fund for the Doctoral Program of Higher Education (SRFDP) China
文摘Fuzziness is one of the general characteristics of human thinking and objective things. Introducing fuzzy techniques into decision-making yields very good results. Fuzzy consistent matrix has many excellent characteristics, especially cen- ter-division transitivity conforming to the reality of the human thinking process in decision-making. This paper presents a new approach for creating fuzzy consistent matrix from mutual supplementary matrix in fuzzy decision-making. At the same time, based on the distance between individual fuzzy consistent matrix and average fuzzy consistent matrix, a kind of combined opera- tion for several fuzzy consistent matrixes is presented which reflects most opinions of experienced experts. Finally, a practical example shows its flexibility and practicability further.
基金financially supported by the Key Laboratory Foundation of China(No.61429040301)。
文摘SiC_(f)/Ti composite owns the attractive advantages of lightweight and excellent high-temperature performance,which make it have great significance to the development of aerospace industry.However,the complicated fabrication route and novel architecture of SiC_(f)/Ti composite bring about more difficulties for controlling its microstructure.In this work,the method of regulating the structure and performance of the composite matrix by adjusting the characteristics of the precursor wire was explored.The physical vapor deposition(PVD)method was applied to fabricate precursor wires.Ti6242 coatings with bamboo leaf-shaped grains and chrysanthemumshaped grains were deposited on SiC fibers by changing the PVD condition.It is found that the original structure of the Ti6242 coating of precursor wire has significant impact on the microstructure of the composite matrix after hot isostatic pressing(HIP).The matrix transformed from the Ti6242 coating with bamboo leaf-shaped grains exhibits equiaxed grain structure.While the other matrix has a columnar crystal structure,and the inside of the columnar crystal inherits the original chrysanthemum-shaped structure.The columnar crystal matrix has lower hardness and modulus than the equiaxed grain matrix.
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.50972120,Grant No.50902111 and Grant No.51072107)"111"Project of China(Grant No.B08040)
文摘During the process that implant materials are used for bone replacement,the cell responses to implant materials determine the long-term stability of bone replacement.The microstructure of implant materials is considered as a critical factor that influences the cell responses.Carbon/Carbon composites(C/C composites)are novel implant materials,but there are few reports on the effect of their microstructure,especially the carbon matrixes and holes,on cell behavior.In this paper,C/C composites with different carbon matrixes are prepared by chemical vapor infiltration and pressure impregnation carbonization technique,respectively.The structure of holes is analyzed.The cell responses to C/C composites with different carbon matrixes are evaluated with MG63 osteoblast-like cells.The morphologies of MG63 osteoblast-like cells on the surface of C/C composites,especially in the holes are assessed by scanning electron microscope,and cell proliferation behavior is evaluated by 3-[4,5-dimethylthiozol-2-yl]-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide(MTT)assay.The results show that MG63 osteoblast-like cells have a lamellar morphology with similar sizes and spreading areas as well as the same proliferation behaviors for C/C composites with different carbon matrixes.Carbon matrix shows unapparent influence on the cell growth behavior.Besides,MG63 osteoblast-like cells have various interactions with the holes of C/C composites.The cells stride over the holes with 6~8μm in size,and connect with each other or grow along the curvature wall of the holes with a size of 30-40μm;the cells present three-dimensional morphologies inside the holes and display circular shapes along the ridge of the holes.Diverse cell-material interactions are found according to the size and position of the holes,which provides theoretical foundation for the microstructure design of clinical C/C composites.
文摘A method for ranking complementary judgment matrixes with traspezoidal fuzzy numbers based on Hausdorff metric distance and fuzzy compromise decision approach is proposed. With regard to fuzzy number complementary judgment matrixes given by a decider group whose members have various weights, the expert＇s information was aggregated first by means of simple weight average（SWA） method and Bonissone calculational method. Hence a matrix including all the experts＇ preference information was got. Then the matrix＇ column members were added up and the fuzzy evaluation values of the alternatives were got. Lastly, the Hausdorff metric distance and fuzzy compromise decision approach were used to rank the fuzzy evaluation values and then the ranking values of all the alternatives were got. Because exact numbers and triangular fuzzy numbers could all be transformed into trapezoidal fuzzy numbers, the method developed can rank complementary judgment matrixes with trapezoidal fuzzy numbers, triangular fuzzy numbers and exact numbers as well. An illustrative example is also given to verify the developed method and to demonstrate its feasibility and practicality.
基金the Scientific and Technological Committee of Shanghai (974119003)
文摘Objective To investigate the regulatory effects of somatostatin (SST) and octreotide (OCT) on the extracellular matrixes (ECM) metabolism of rat hepatic stellate cells (HSCs). Methods Being treated with different concentrations of SST or OCT, the mRNA levels of collage type I, III and the expression of collagen, matrix metalloproteinase-1(MMP-1), tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-1 (TIMP-1) in activated HSCs were assessed by in situ hybridization (ISH), 3H-proline incorporation and immunocytochemistry, respectively. In addition, levels of hyaluronic acid (HA), laminin (LM), and procollagen type III (PCIII) in the culture supernatant of HSCs were also detected by means of enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). ResultsBoth SST and OCT markedly down-regulated the transcription of collagen type I, III in activated HSCs within the range of 10-6-10-7 mol/L and 10-5-10-7 mol/L, respectively (P<0.05). SST-treated groups of 10-6-10-7 mol/L and OCT-treated groups of 10-5-10-7 mol/L also demonstrated statistically decreased production of collagen, HA, LM, PCIII in a dose-dependent way (P<0.05). Furthermore, HSCs cocultured with SST (10-6 mol/L) or OCT (10-5-10-6 mol/L) exhibited TIMP-1 levels much lower than that of normal control (P<0.05), which resulted in an elevated ratio of MMP/TIMP. Conclusion SST and its analog may play a negative regulatory role in the ECM metabolism of HSCs. Their effect may be benefit for prevention and therapy of hepatic fibrosis.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China,Grant number:30170273
文摘At the base of experimental animal model construction of bone defect in New Zealand rabbit, the promoting repair effect of bioactive ceramics on bone defect as well as its machanism was studied through testing body mineral elements, enzymes related to bone morphogenetic proteins and some biochemical indexes. Refering to some documents, materials of TCP, CHA and HA were combined and TCP/BMP/ TCP-β1 and CHA/BMP/ TCP-β1,HA/BMP/ TCP-β1 composite materials were made. All kinds of them were implanted into the radial defect site of rabbit, respectively. The chosen blood indexes (Ca, P, ALP, GGT, AST, ALT, TPA, BUN and Cr) were tested by colorimetry, speed rate and bromocresol green testing methods. No abnormal effects were found in any animal after operation. Serum concentrations of Ca, P and ALP were increased with the length of time in all groups of the three kinds of composite material, mixed material and pure materials. The increases in composite material groups were more significant (P<0.05). Comparison of the three kinds of material showed TCP>CHA>HA. There was a tendency of increased TPA and decreased BUN with the length of time. There was no significant difference between the composite material groups and pure material group (P>0.05). The three kinds of bioactive ceramics composed of extracellular matrix could increase the serum concentrations of Ca and P and activity of ALP after being implanted into defect bone and showed some repairing capacity. This provided a new area of machanism study of bone defect repair by biomaterials.
基金the Youth Talent Program Startup Foundation of Qufu Normal University(No.602601)the Natural Science Foundation of Rizhao(No.RZ2021ZR37)the Natural Science Foundation of Shandong(No.ZR2022MB047)。
文摘Carbon dots(CDs)have been widely studied since their discovery because of simple preparation,low toxicity and excellent luminescence properties.With the deepening of research,the luminescence properties of CDs are not only limited to fluorescence,but also their afterglow properties have been widely studied.Many excellent results have been reported for afterglow CDs.Researchers have found that various organic matrixes(OMs)can fix the emission properties of CDs and provide a rigid environment,and the interaction between OMs and CDs can inhibit the non-radiative transition of triplet excitons,which can effectively activate the afterglow performance of CDs.In this review,we provide a detailed introduction to the research progress on afterglow CDs in OMs.The preparation of afterglow CDs and their related properties were analyzed and summarized based on organic polymer matrixes and organic small molecule matrixes.Organic polymer matrixes from synthetic polymers and natural polymers have been introduced.Then,the mechanism of solid and liquid afterglow of CDs by OMs is analyzed,and their applications in the fields of anti-counterfeiting,information encryption,phosphorescence detection,fingerprint recognition,lighting and so on are summarized.Finally,the challenges facing afterglow CDs in OMs are summarized,and future research is proposed.
基金National Basic Research Program of China (973 Program No.2007CB814903)National Natural Science Foundation of China (No.70671069)
文摘We apply the dynamic programming methods to compute the analytical solution of the dynamic mean-variance optimization problem affected by an exogenous liability in a multi-periods market model with singular second moment matrixes of the return vector of assets. We use orthogonai transformations to overcome the difficulty produced by those singular matrixes, and the analytical form of the efficient frontier is obtained. As an application, the explicit form of the optimal mean-variance hedging strategy is also obtained for our model.
基金This research is supported by NSFC(Nos.12171154,12301438)the Chenguang Program of Shanghai Education Development Foundation and Shanghai Municipal Education Commission(No.23CGA37)。
文摘Let Un be the set of connected unicyclic graphs of order n and girth g.Let C(T_(1),T_(2),...,T_(g))Un be obtained from a cycle v_(1)v_(2)…v_(g)v_(1)(in the anticlockwise direction)by identifying vi with the root of a rooted tree Ti of order ni for each i=1,2,...,g,where ni≥1 and∑^(g)_(i=1)n_(i)=n.Let S(n_(1),n_(2),...,n_(g))be obtained from C(T_(1),T_(2),..,T_(g))by replacing each Ti by a rooted star Sni with the center as its root.Let U(n_(1),n_(2),...,ng)be the set of unicyclic graphs which differ from the unicyclic graph S(n_(1),n_(2),...,n_(g))only up to a permutation of ni's.In this paper,the graph with the minimal least signless Laplacian eigenvalue(respectively,the graph with maximum signless Laplacian spread)in U(n_(1),n_(2),...,n_(g))is determined.
基金Supported in part by Natural Science Foundation of Guangxi(2023GXNSFAA026246)in part by the Central Government's Guide to Local Science and Technology Development Fund(GuikeZY23055044)in part by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(62363003)。
文摘In this paper,we consider the maximal positive definite solution of the nonlinear matrix equation.By using the idea of Algorithm 2.1 in ZHANG(2013),a new inversion-free method with a stepsize parameter is proposed to obtain the maximal positive definite solution of nonlinear matrix equation X+A^(*)X|^(-α)A=Q with the case 0<α≤1.Based on this method,a new iterative algorithm is developed,and its convergence proof is given.Finally,two numerical examples are provided to show the effectiveness of the proposed method.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(62376106)The Science and Technology Development Plan of Jilin Province(20250102212JC).
文摘Driven by advancements in mobile internet technology,images have become a crucial data medium.Ensuring the security of image information during transmission has thus emerged as an urgent challenge.This study proposes a novel image encryption algorithm specifically designed for grayscale image security.This research introduces a new Cantor diagonal matrix permutation method.The proposed permutation method uses row and column index sequences to control the Cantor diagonal matrix,where the row and column index sequences are generated by a spatiotemporal chaotic system named coupled map lattice(CML).The high initial value sensitivity of the CML system makes the permutation method highly sensitive and secure.Additionally,leveraging fractal theory,this study introduces a chaotic fractal matrix and applies this matrix in the diffusion process.This chaotic fractal matrix exhibits selfsimilarity and irregularity.Using the Cantor diagonal matrix and chaotic fractal matrix,this paper introduces a fast image encryption algorithm involving two diffusion steps and one permutation step.Moreover,the algorithm achieves robust security with only a single encryption round,ensuring high operational efficiency.Experimental results show that the proposed algorithm features an expansive key space,robust security,high sensitivity,high efficiency,and superior statistical properties for the ciphered images.Thus,the proposed algorithm not only provides a practical solution for secure image transmission but also bridges fractal theory with image encryption techniques,thereby opening new research avenues in chaotic cryptography and advancing the development of information security technology.
基金Supported by Russian Science Foundation,No.24-64-00028.
文摘We read with great interest the investigation of Kang et al related the applications of the multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging-based predictive model for assessing chemotherapy efficacy in colorectal cancer patients with gene mutations.The authors focused on decision-making based on the integration of tumor differentiation,signal intensity ratio,margin distance,and magnetic resonance imaging-detected lymph node metastasis.Indeed,these multiparameter predictive models could also be used for diagnosis as an alternative to invasive tissue examination methods.However,progress in this field enables us to shift the paradigm to radiology biopsies,particularly given the nonlinear effects of various radiation sources.
基金supported by the Key Project of the National Key R&D Program of China (Grant No.2022YFA1404500)the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos.12434017,62005183)the Guangdong Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation (Grant No.2025A1515010329)。
文摘Single-crystal(SC) structures have long been regarded as the optimal configuration for metal halide perovskite photodetectors(PDs);however, their applications in large-area imaging and wearable electronics face limitations due to size constraints and mechanical inflexibility. To address these challenges, this study develops a hybrid composite structure— polycrystalline powder(PCP) matrix(PCPM)—by strategically homogenizing 20 μm PCPs within a poly(methyl methacrylate) matrix. Such a configuration enables the formation of densely packed PCP microstructures while maintaining electric conductivity and mechanical flexibility. In the single-photon regime, responsivity(R) and external quantum efficiency(EQE) decline by 50%, with concurrent 3–4-fold enhancements in the On/Off ratio and 12–16-fold improvements in specific detectivity(D), compared with those of SC counterparts. Notably, in the two-photon regime, R and EQE exhibit a 2–3-fold increase, and the On/Off ratio and D exhibit 12–16-fold improvements. The PCPM configuration enables the high-repetitionrate wafer-scale fabrication of active layers for imaging PDs and provides exceptional mechanical flexibility and self-recovery. These findings establish PCPMs as a scalable platform for next-generation perovskite wearable electronics.
文摘We read with the great interest the study by Ababneh et al in which inducedmesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes were shown to exhibit a stronger andmore sustained anti-proliferative effect by inducing a senescence-like state withoutapoptosis.The results obtained by the authors highlight the features of theeffects of senescent drift induction in surrounding tissues.In the light of thesefindings,the role of the properties of extracellular matrix and cellular glycocalyxin responses of human tumors to therapy remain uninvestigated.These extracellularbarriers appear to be significant obstacles to effective cancer therapy,especiallyin relation to the use of unique properties of tumor microenvironment forthe immunotherapy-resistant cancer treatment.
基金financially supported by the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities,China(No.21624408)the Guangdong Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation,China(Nos.2023A1515012850,2024A1515010416)+2 种基金Guangzhou Science and Technology Planning Project,China(No.2024A04J9966)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.52271132,52004101)the Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials of Yunnan Province,China(No.2024KF02)。
文摘To exploit the combined strengthening effects of nanotwins and carbon nanotubes(CNTs)in Cu matrix composites,the nanotwins with a width ranging from 3 to 30 nm were incorporated into the CNTs-reinforced Cu matrix composites using cryogenic rolling and optimizing the initial particle size of the raw Cu powders.The formation of nanotwins in the Cu matrix composite reinforced by only 0.2 wt.%CNTs is accompanied by the increased dislocation density and refined Cu grain size,resulting in much better strength−ductility synergy than the referenced composite without significant nanotwins formation.The analysis of strengthening and toughening mechanisms demonstrates that the strength increment mainly derives from grain refinement strengthening,dislocation strengthening,and nanotwin strengthening.The strength increment from the contribution of the nanotwins accounts for 19.9%of the overall strength increment for the composite.Meanwhile,the retention of good tensile ductility can be reasonably explained by the increased dislocation accommodation ability due to the formed nanotwins and the decreased induced dislocation proliferation.
基金supported by the Key R&D Program of Shaanxi Province,China(2024NC-YBXM-146)the Xi’an Agricultural Technology Research and Development Project,China(24NYGG0048)+1 种基金the Key R&D Program of Xianyang,China(L2024-ZDYF-ZDYF-NY-0028)the National Foreign Expert Project of China(G2023172002L)。
文摘The effect of adding hydroxycinnamic acids(caffeic acid,sinapic acid,p-coumaric acid and chlorogenic acid)in Cabernet Sauvignon dry red wine before and after fermentation was investigated,taking into account the color parameters,anthocyanin content,and overall polyphenol levels in the wine samples.The copigmentation effect of malvidin-3-Oglucoside and sinapic acid was further explored in model solution and through theoretical calculations.The results indicated that the addition of hydroxycinnamic acids significantly enhanced the wine's color with sinapic acid(before the fermentation)showing the most pronounced color protection effect.Compared to control samples,the addition of hydroxycinnamic acids resulted in a 36%increase in total phenolic content and a 28% increase in total anthocyanin content.Thermodynamic analysis revealed that the interaction between sinapic acid and malvidin-3-O-glucoside was spontaneous and exothermic.Theoretical studies identified hydrogen bonding(HB)and dispersion forces as the main primary stabilizing forces,with the carboxyl group of sinapic acid playing a critical role while the anthocyanin backbone also influenced the interaction.
