The hydration mechanism of low quality fly ash in cement-based materials was investigated. The hydration heat of the composite cementitious materials was determined by isothermal calorimetry, and the hydration product...The hydration mechanism of low quality fly ash in cement-based materials was investigated. The hydration heat of the composite cementitious materials was determined by isothermal calorimetry, and the hydration products, quantity, pore structure and morphology were measured by X-ray diffraction(XRD), thermalgravity-differential thermal analysis(TG-DTA), mercury intrusion porosimetry(MIP) and scanning electron microscopy(SEM), respectively. The results indicate that grinding could not only improve the physical properties of the low quality fly ash on particle effect, but also improve hydration properties of the cementitious system from various aspects compared with raw low quality fly ash(RLFA). At the early stage of hydration, the low quanlity fly ash acts as almost inert material; but then at the later stage, high chemical activity, especially for ground low quality fly ash(GLFA), could be observed. It can accelerate the formation of hydration products containing more chemical bonded water, resulting in higher degree of cement hydration, thus denser microstructure and more reasonable pore size distribution, but the hydration heat in total is reduced. It can also delay the induction period, but the accelerating period is shortened and there is little influence on the second exothermic peak.展开更多
The quality standards for Fructus Comi have been established based on the effects of the manufacturing processes.Three critical process parameters(CPPs)of extraction,filtration,and concentration to prepare Fructus Com...The quality standards for Fructus Comi have been established based on the effects of the manufacturing processes.Three critical process parameters(CPPs)of extraction,filtration,and concentration to prepare Fructus Comi concentrate were identified by Plackett-Burman design with a single batch of Fructus Corni,which were heating medium temperature,extraction time,and water addition.Morroniside yield,loganin yield,and dry matter yield were process critical quality attributes(CQAs).CPPs arranged with a Box-Behnken design were applied to treat different batches of Fructus Comi After constructing a model that included CPPs,material propertie s,and process CQAs,loganin content was found to be the critical material attribute(CMA).The design space was calculated with a probability method.According to the limits of process CQAs,the minimum content of loganin in Fructus Corni was calculated with an error propagation method,which was 6.92 mg·g^(-1).When the content of loganin in Fructus Corni reaches up to 6.92 mg·g^(-1),the material is considered high-quality and is most suitable for the process.High-quality material can be used for production of Fructus Comi concentrate.This method can also be used to set material quality standards for other Chinese medicines.展开更多
With the rapid development of social economy, the problem of water pollution is becoming more and more serious. In order to fundamentally improve the quality and efficiency of water environmental engineering construct...With the rapid development of social economy, the problem of water pollution is becoming more and more serious. In order to fundamentally improve the quality and efficiency of water environmental engineering construction, it is necessary to establish and improve the environmental monitoring quality assessment system and effectively control the water quality standard substances. Based on this, this paper analyzes the significance of the application of environmental monitoring quality control in the application of water quality standard substance, puts forward the problems existing in the current water environment monitoring, analyzes the current situation of environmental quality monitoring control and the application of water quality standard substance, and puts forward the application points of water quality standard substance in the quality control of environmental monitoring for reference.展开更多
Phar.Eur.Herbal Drug(HD)monographs state which aspects have to be considered for quality assurance through the relevant chapters'Definition'.'Characters','Identification','Tests',and...Phar.Eur.Herbal Drug(HD)monographs state which aspects have to be considered for quality assurance through the relevant chapters'Definition'.'Characters','Identification','Tests',and'Assay'.Identification of botanical material is achieved by macroscopic and microscopic morphology,generally examined by a trained expert.Content or assay is the most difficult area of展开更多
Introduction:Emerging and re-emerging transfusion-transmitted arboviruses remain a persistent public health challenge to global blood safety.This study aims to establish a comprehensive nucleic acid testing(NAT)qualit...Introduction:Emerging and re-emerging transfusion-transmitted arboviruses remain a persistent public health challenge to global blood safety.This study aims to establish a comprehensive nucleic acid testing(NAT)quality control system for Dengue virus(DENV),Zika virus(ZIKV),and Chikungunya virus(CHIKV)screening in blood donations to evaluate the performance of domestic screening reagents,and to assess the prevalence of these arboviruses in border regions.Methods:Pseudovirus quality control materials based on the Moloney murine leukemia virus(MMLV)vector was constructed to evaluate the limit of detection(LoD)and precision of six blood screening reagents.An external quality assessment(EQA)was conducted across eight central blood stations in Guangxi Zhuang Aotonomous Region and Yunnan Provinces.These blood stations employed either reagent A or E for DENV/ZIKV/CHIKV triplex-assay screening of blood donor samples collected during epidemic seasons(June–August)in 2022 and 2023.Results:The six reagents exhibited varied LoD.All evaluated reagents exhibited excellent precision with coefficient of variation(CV)values<5%.All eight central blood stations achieved EQA scores above 80.In 2022,a total of 45,383 blood samples were screened,with no positive cases detected.In 2023,44,972 blood donors were screened,and nine samples tested positive at the Xishuangbanna central blood station.Confirmatory testing verified six Dengue virus serotype 1(DENV-1)infections among these cases.Conclusions:This study successfully established a robust quality assurance system for NAT-based arbovirus screening in China.The detection of DENV-positive samples underscore the persisting risk of transfusion-transmitted infections in endemic regions.Continued surveillance and enhanced screening strategies are essential to safeguard blood safety,particularly in arboviral hotspot regions with tropical/subtropical climates prone to recurrent outbreaks.展开更多
Industrial mixers for powders and granular materials operate with no effective control of mixture quality and lack scientific design. The last twenty years have seen growth in understanding of mixing and mixers. Howev...Industrial mixers for powders and granular materials operate with no effective control of mixture quality and lack scientific design. The last twenty years have seen growth in understanding of mixing and mixers. However, research falls far short of what is needed for on-line characterisation of mixture quality. Secondly, although theoretical descriptions of a few mixer types have been reported, these fall far short of what is needed for equipment design. Two thrusts could revolutionise this situation. One is a scientific characterisation of mixer structure applicable to industrial scale as well as laboratory scale equipment; this is now within our grasp using digital imaging. The other is the development of ideas to overcome the restricted number of particles that can be used in the Distinct Element Method （DEM） for mixers. The goal should be to take the designer through a sequence of steps to the most appropriate mixer size, configuration and operating conditions for a given process duty.展开更多
基金Project(51208391) supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China
文摘The hydration mechanism of low quality fly ash in cement-based materials was investigated. The hydration heat of the composite cementitious materials was determined by isothermal calorimetry, and the hydration products, quantity, pore structure and morphology were measured by X-ray diffraction(XRD), thermalgravity-differential thermal analysis(TG-DTA), mercury intrusion porosimetry(MIP) and scanning electron microscopy(SEM), respectively. The results indicate that grinding could not only improve the physical properties of the low quality fly ash on particle effect, but also improve hydration properties of the cementitious system from various aspects compared with raw low quality fly ash(RLFA). At the early stage of hydration, the low quanlity fly ash acts as almost inert material; but then at the later stage, high chemical activity, especially for ground low quality fly ash(GLFA), could be observed. It can accelerate the formation of hydration products containing more chemical bonded water, resulting in higher degree of cement hydration, thus denser microstructure and more reasonable pore size distribution, but the hydration heat in total is reduced. It can also delay the induction period, but the accelerating period is shortened and there is little influence on the second exothermic peak.
基金Supported by the Open Fund of Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine Preparations,Ministry of Education,Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine and First-class Discipline Construction Project of Jiangxi Province(JXSYLXK-ZHYAO009,JXSYLXK-ZHYAO010)。
文摘The quality standards for Fructus Comi have been established based on the effects of the manufacturing processes.Three critical process parameters(CPPs)of extraction,filtration,and concentration to prepare Fructus Comi concentrate were identified by Plackett-Burman design with a single batch of Fructus Corni,which were heating medium temperature,extraction time,and water addition.Morroniside yield,loganin yield,and dry matter yield were process critical quality attributes(CQAs).CPPs arranged with a Box-Behnken design were applied to treat different batches of Fructus Comi After constructing a model that included CPPs,material propertie s,and process CQAs,loganin content was found to be the critical material attribute(CMA).The design space was calculated with a probability method.According to the limits of process CQAs,the minimum content of loganin in Fructus Corni was calculated with an error propagation method,which was 6.92 mg·g^(-1).When the content of loganin in Fructus Corni reaches up to 6.92 mg·g^(-1),the material is considered high-quality and is most suitable for the process.High-quality material can be used for production of Fructus Comi concentrate.This method can also be used to set material quality standards for other Chinese medicines.
文摘With the rapid development of social economy, the problem of water pollution is becoming more and more serious. In order to fundamentally improve the quality and efficiency of water environmental engineering construction, it is necessary to establish and improve the environmental monitoring quality assessment system and effectively control the water quality standard substances. Based on this, this paper analyzes the significance of the application of environmental monitoring quality control in the application of water quality standard substance, puts forward the problems existing in the current water environment monitoring, analyzes the current situation of environmental quality monitoring control and the application of water quality standard substance, and puts forward the application points of water quality standard substance in the quality control of environmental monitoring for reference.
文摘Phar.Eur.Herbal Drug(HD)monographs state which aspects have to be considered for quality assurance through the relevant chapters'Definition'.'Characters','Identification','Tests',and'Assay'.Identification of botanical material is achieved by macroscopic and microscopic morphology,generally examined by a trained expert.Content or assay is the most difficult area of
基金Supported by the CAMS Innovation Fund for Medical Sciences(CIFMS)(2021-I2M-1-060).
文摘Introduction:Emerging and re-emerging transfusion-transmitted arboviruses remain a persistent public health challenge to global blood safety.This study aims to establish a comprehensive nucleic acid testing(NAT)quality control system for Dengue virus(DENV),Zika virus(ZIKV),and Chikungunya virus(CHIKV)screening in blood donations to evaluate the performance of domestic screening reagents,and to assess the prevalence of these arboviruses in border regions.Methods:Pseudovirus quality control materials based on the Moloney murine leukemia virus(MMLV)vector was constructed to evaluate the limit of detection(LoD)and precision of six blood screening reagents.An external quality assessment(EQA)was conducted across eight central blood stations in Guangxi Zhuang Aotonomous Region and Yunnan Provinces.These blood stations employed either reagent A or E for DENV/ZIKV/CHIKV triplex-assay screening of blood donor samples collected during epidemic seasons(June–August)in 2022 and 2023.Results:The six reagents exhibited varied LoD.All evaluated reagents exhibited excellent precision with coefficient of variation(CV)values<5%.All eight central blood stations achieved EQA scores above 80.In 2022,a total of 45,383 blood samples were screened,with no positive cases detected.In 2023,44,972 blood donors were screened,and nine samples tested positive at the Xishuangbanna central blood station.Confirmatory testing verified six Dengue virus serotype 1(DENV-1)infections among these cases.Conclusions:This study successfully established a robust quality assurance system for NAT-based arbovirus screening in China.The detection of DENV-positive samples underscore the persisting risk of transfusion-transmitted infections in endemic regions.Continued surveillance and enhanced screening strategies are essential to safeguard blood safety,particularly in arboviral hotspot regions with tropical/subtropical climates prone to recurrent outbreaks.
文摘Industrial mixers for powders and granular materials operate with no effective control of mixture quality and lack scientific design. The last twenty years have seen growth in understanding of mixing and mixers. However, research falls far short of what is needed for on-line characterisation of mixture quality. Secondly, although theoretical descriptions of a few mixer types have been reported, these fall far short of what is needed for equipment design. Two thrusts could revolutionise this situation. One is a scientific characterisation of mixer structure applicable to industrial scale as well as laboratory scale equipment; this is now within our grasp using digital imaging. The other is the development of ideas to overcome the restricted number of particles that can be used in the Distinct Element Method （DEM） for mixers. The goal should be to take the designer through a sequence of steps to the most appropriate mixer size, configuration and operating conditions for a given process duty.
