With the rapid development of electric vehicles,hybrid electric vehicles and smart grids,people's demand for large-scale energy storage devices is increasingly intense.As a new type of secondary battery,potassium ...With the rapid development of electric vehicles,hybrid electric vehicles and smart grids,people's demand for large-scale energy storage devices is increasingly intense.As a new type of secondary battery,potassium ion battery is promising to replace the lithium-ion battery in the field of large-scale energy storage by virtue of its low price and environmental friendliness.At present,the research on the anode materials of potassium ion batteries mainly focuses on carbon materials and the design of various nanostructured metal-based materials.Problems such as poor rate performance and inferior cycle life caused by electrode structure comminution during charge and discharge have not been solved.Quantum dots/nanodots materials are a new type of nanomaterials that can effectively improve the utilization of electrode materials and reduce production costs.In addition,quantum dots/nanodots materials can enhance the electrode reaction kinetics,reduce the stress generated in cycling,and effectively alleviate the agglomeration and crushing of electrode materials.In this review,we will systematically introduce the synthesis methods,K+storage properties and K+storage mechanisms of carbon quantum dots and carbon-based transition metal compound quantum dots composites.This review will have significant references for potassium ion battery researchers.展开更多
In this manuscript,we propose an analytical equivalent linear viscoelastic constitutive model for fiber-reinforced composites,bypassing general computational homogenization.The method is based on the reduced-order hom...In this manuscript,we propose an analytical equivalent linear viscoelastic constitutive model for fiber-reinforced composites,bypassing general computational homogenization.The method is based on the reduced-order homogenization(ROH)approach.The ROH method typically involves solving multiple finite element problems under periodic conditions to evaluate elastic strain and eigenstrain influence functions in an‘off-line’stage,which offers substantial cost savings compared to direct computational homogenization methods.Due to the unique structure of the fibrous unit cell,“off-line”stage calculation can be eliminated by influence functions obtained analytically.Introducing the standard solid model to the ROH method enables the creation of a comprehensive analytical homogeneous viscoelastic constitutive model.This method treats fibrous composite materials as homogeneous,anisotropic viscoelastic materials,significantly reducing computational time due to its analytical nature.This approach also enables precise determination of a homogenized anisotropic relaxation modulus and accurate capture of various viscoelastic responses under different loading conditions.Three sets of numerical examples,including unit cell tests,three-point beam bending tests,and torsion tests,are given to demonstrate the predictive performance of the homogenized viscoelastic model.Furthermore,the model is validated against experimental measurements,confirming its accuracy and reliability.展开更多
The traditional techniques for treating wastewater contaminated by heavy metals mostly involve chemical precipitation,solvent extraction and adsorption,ion-exchange,chemical precipitation,and membrane separation.The m...The traditional techniques for treating wastewater contaminated by heavy metals mostly involve chemical precipitation,solvent extraction and adsorption,ion-exchange,chemical precipitation,and membrane separation.The main shortcomings of traditional procedures are low economic efficiency,lack of environmental friendliness,and poor selectivity.Cyclodextrins are artificial compounds that resemble cages.Through host-vip interaction,pollutants can be adsorbed by its stable inner hydrophobic chamber and exterior hydrophilic surface.It is not only inexpensive and environmentally friendly,but also quite selective.The synthesis and application of materials were reviewed,as well as the primary influencing factors,and the reaction principle of cyclodextrin adsorbent materials for better separation of heavy metal ions.And the future trend of discovery was described.展开更多
In pursuit of more efficient and stable electrochemical energy storage materials,composite materials consisting of metal oxides and graphene oxide have garnered significant attention due to their unique structures and...In pursuit of more efficient and stable electrochemical energy storage materials,composite materials consisting of metal oxides and graphene oxide have garnered significant attention due to their unique structures and exceptional properties.Graphene oxide(GO),a two-dimensional material with an extremely high specific surface area and excellent conductivity,offers new possibilities for enhancing the electrochemical performance of metal oxides.In this work,we synthesized met-al-organic framework(MOF)and GO composites by regulating the amount of GO,and successfully prepared composites of metal oxides supported by nitrogen-doped carbon frameworks and GO through a simple one-step calcination process.Based on the electrochemical tests,the optimal amount of GO was determined.This research will provide new insights into and directions for designing and synthesizing metal oxide and graphene oxide composite materials with an ideal electro-chemical performance.展开更多
Flexible electronic skin(E-skin)sensors offer innovative solutions for detecting human body signals,enabling human-machine interactions and advancing the development of intelligent robotics.Electrospun nanofibers are ...Flexible electronic skin(E-skin)sensors offer innovative solutions for detecting human body signals,enabling human-machine interactions and advancing the development of intelligent robotics.Electrospun nanofibers are particularly wellsuited for E-skin applications due to their exceptional mechanical properties,tunable breathability,and lightweight nature.Nanofiber-based composite materials consist of three-dimensional structures that integrate one-dimensional polymer nanofibers with other functional materials,enabling efficient signal conversion and positioning them as an ideal platform for next-generation intelligent electronics.Here,this review begins with an overview of electrospinning technology,including far-field electrospinning,near-field electrospinning,and melt electrospinning.It also discusses the diverse morphologies of electrospun nanofibers,such as core-shell,porous,hollow,bead,Janus,and ribbon structure,as well as strategies for incorporating functional materials to enhance nanofiber performance.Following this,the article provides a detailed introduction to electrospun nanofiber-based composite materials(i.e.,nanofiber/hydrogel,nanofiber/aerogel,nanofiber/metal),emphasizing their recent advancements in monitoring physical,physiological,body fluid,and multi-signal in human signal detection.Meanwhile,the review explores the development of multimodal sensors capable of responding to diverse stimuli,focusing on innovative strategies for decoupling multiple signals and their state-of-the-art advancements.Finally,current challenges are analyzed,while future prospects for electrospun nanofiber-based composite sensors are outlined.This review aims to advance the design and application of next-generation flexible electronics,fostering breakthroughs in multifunctional sensing and health monitoring technologies.展开更多
Untreated water environments encourage the emergence of pathogenic microorganisms,which pose a significant risk to human health and sustainable development.Antimicrobial technologies in advanced photothermal materials...Untreated water environments encourage the emergence of pathogenic microorganisms,which pose a significant risk to human health and sustainable development.Antimicrobial technologies in advanced photothermal materials offer a promising alternative strategy for solving water disinfection challenges.This technology effectively destroys bacterial biofilms by designing materials with controlled photothermal properties.Despite the potential of this technology,there is a lack of comprehensive reviews on the application of photothermal materials in water disinfection.The aim of this paper is to provide a comprehensive and up-to-date overview of the research and application of photothermal materials in water disinfection.It focuses on composites in photothermal materials,elucidates their basic mechanisms and sterilization properties,and provides a systematic and detailed overview of their recent progress in the field.The goal of this review is to offer insights into the future design of photothermal materials and to propose strategies for their practical application in disinfection processes.展开更多
At present,many parts of the world are seriously short of water resources.Photothermal seawater desalination has been considered to be an efficient and clean way to solve water shortages.Transition metal dichalcogenid...At present,many parts of the world are seriously short of water resources.Photothermal seawater desalination has been considered to be an efficient and clean way to solve water shortages.Transition metal dichalcogenides(TMDs)has excellent photothermal properties and plays a key role in photothermal seawater desalination.In recent years,a lot of progress has been made regarding TMDs in photothermal seawater desalination,so it is necessary to review the progress of TMDs structure regulation in improving photothermal properties to further enhance the development of this filed.In this review,firstly,various structural regulation methods of TMDs to optimize its properties and improve the performance of photothermal seawater desalination are comprehensively summarized.Secondly,the relationship between unique structure and its photothermal properties of TMDs is further detailedly discussed.Last but not least,we have provided some suggestions in the solar desalination applying TMDs in future.This review would provide a very important reference for the research of structure regulation of TMDs for effective photothermal seawater desalination.展开更多
The immense prospects of two-dimensional(2D)materials in the field of high-performance sensing stem from their unique layered structures and superior properties.Constructing heterostructures and refining sensor archit...The immense prospects of two-dimensional(2D)materials in the field of high-performance sensing stem from their unique layered structures and superior properties.Constructing heterostructures and refining sensor architectures are at the forefront of innovative research to enhance sensor performance.This review synthesizes the current literature,discussing the photovoltaic attributes,fabrication methods,analytical techniques and integration strategies pertinent to 2D materials.This comprehensive review of the operating principles of various sensors investigates the recent progress and deployment of these materials within diverse sensing devices,including chemical sensors,biosensors and optical sensors.Conclusively,this review serves as a valuable reference for understanding the applications and progress of 2D materials in high-performance sensors and explores their potential in interdisciplinary research.展开更多
Sodium ion batteries(SIBs)are one of the most prospective energy storage devices recently.Carbon materials have been commonly used as anode materials for SIBs because of their wide sources and low price.However,pure c...Sodium ion batteries(SIBs)are one of the most prospective energy storage devices recently.Carbon materials have been commonly used as anode materials for SIBs because of their wide sources and low price.However,pure carbon materials still have the disadvantage of low theoretical capacity.New design and preparation strategies for carbon-based composites can overcome the problems.Based on the analysis of Na^(+)storage mechanism of carbon-based composite materials,the factors influencing the performance of SIBs are discussed.Adjustment methods for improving the electrochemical performance of electrodes are evaluated in detail,including carbon skeleton design and composite material selection.Some advanced composite materials,i.e.,carbon-conversion composite and carbon-MXene composite,are also being explored.New advances in flexible electrodes based on carbon-based composite on flexible SIBs is investigated.The existing issues and future issues of carbon-based composite materials are discussed.展开更多
As the second most important solid waste produced by coal-fired power plants,the improper management of coal-fired slag has the potential to result in environmental pollution.It is therefore imperative that high-value...As the second most important solid waste produced by coal-fired power plants,the improper management of coal-fired slag has the potential to result in environmental pollution.It is therefore imperative that high-value utilization pathways for coal-fired slag should be developed.In this study,modified magnesium slag(MMS),produced by a magnesium smelter,was selected as the alkali activator.The activated silica-aluminum solid wastes,namely coal-fired slag(CFS)and mineral powder(MP),were employed as pozzolanic materials in the preparation of alkali-activated cementitious materials.The alkali-activated cementitious materials prepared with 50 wt%MMS,40 wt%CFS and 10 wt%MP exhibited favorable mechanical properties,with a compressive strength of 32.804 MPa in the paste sample cured for 28 d.Then,the activated silica-aluminum solid waste consisting of CFS-MP generated a significant amount of C-S(A)-H gels,AFt,and other products,which were observed to occupy the pore structure of the specimen.In addition,the secondary hydration reaction of CFS-MP occurs in high alkalinity environments,resulting in the formation of a mutually stimulated and promoted reaction system between CFS-MP and MMS,this will subsequently accelerate the hydrolysis reaction of MMS.It is important to emphasize that the amount of MMS in alkali-activated cementitious materials must be strictly regulated to avert the potential issue of incomplete depolymerization-repolymerization of active silica-aluminum solid waste containing CFS-MP.This in turn could have a deleterious impact on the late strength of the cementitious materials.The aim of this work is to improve the joint disposal of MMS,CFS and MP and thereby provide a scientific basis for the development of environmentally friendly and low-carbon modified magnesium slag alkali-activated coal-fired slag based cementitious materials for mine backfilling.展开更多
The urgent demand for renewable energy solutions,propelled by the global energy crisis and environmental concerns,has spurred the creation of innovative materials for solar thermal storage.Photothermal phase change ma...The urgent demand for renewable energy solutions,propelled by the global energy crisis and environmental concerns,has spurred the creation of innovative materials for solar thermal storage.Photothermal phase change materials(PTPCMs)represent a novel type of composite phase change material(PCM)aimed at improving thermal storage efficiency by incorporating photothermal materials into traditional PCMs and encapsulating them within porous structures.Various porous encapsulation materials have been studied,including porous carbon,expanded graphite,and ceramics,but issues like brittleness hinder their practical use.To overcome these limitations,flexible PTPCMs using organic porous polymers—like foams,hydrogels,and porous wood—have emerged,offering high porosity and lightweight characteristics.This review examines recent advancements in the preparation of PTPCMs based on porous polymer supports through techniques like impregnation and in situ polymerization,assessing the impact of different porous polymer materials on PCM performance and clarifying the mechanisms of photothermal conversion and heat storage.Subsequently,the most recent advancements in the applications of porous polymer-based PTPCMs are systematically summarized,and future research challenges and possible solutions are discussed.This review aims to foster awareness about the potential of PTPCMs in promoting environmentally friendly energy practices and catalyzing further research in this promising field.展开更多
In order to realize the full resource utilization of ferronickel slag(FNS)in cement-based materials,this paper studied the influences of mechanical grinding activation on the physical and chemical properties and react...In order to realize the full resource utilization of ferronickel slag(FNS)in cement-based materials,this paper studied the influences of mechanical grinding activation on the physical and chemical properties and reactivity of ferrous extraction tailing of nickel slag(FETNS).Four grinding processes of 5,10,20 and 30 min were set up to evaluate the influence of grinding process on the physical and chemical properties of FETNS with the aid of BET,XRD,Rietveld analysis and particle size distribution.The cement-FETNS composite cementitious material was prepared by replacing cement with 0%,10%,15%,20%,25%and 30%FETNS.The influence of FETNS fineness and content on the properties of composite cementitious system were characterized by mechanical properties,reaction products,early hydration process and pore structure characteristics.The results show that the grinding process can effectively improve the pozzolanic activity of FETNS.The compressive strength of FETNS-M_(30)paste is higher than that of FETNS-M_(5) paste in the early and late stages,and the later strength is higher than that of the baseline group when the content of FETNS-M_(30)is 10%-25%.The pozzolanic activity of FETNS-M_(30)powder is significantly improved and higher than that of FETNS-M_(5) powder.Under the same content,the Ca/Si ratio of C-S-H gel in FETNS-M_(30)paste is small,and the degree of silicate polymerization is higher.When the FETNS-M_(30)content is 10%,the proportions of favorable pores d<50 nm(harmless pores and less-harmful pores)of FETNS-M_(5) paste and FETNS-M_(30)paste is 95.3%and 95.4%,respectively,indicating a denser pore structure of the FETNS-M_(30)paste.展开更多
In integrated circuit packaging,thermal interface materials(TIMs)must exhibit high thermal conductivity and electrical resistivity to prevent short circuits,enhance reliability,and ensure safety in high-voltage applic...In integrated circuit packaging,thermal interface materials(TIMs)must exhibit high thermal conductivity and electrical resistivity to prevent short circuits,enhance reliability,and ensure safety in high-voltage applications.We proposed the thermal-percolation electrical-resistive TIM incorporating binary fillers of both insulating and metallic nanowires with an orientation in the insulating polymer matrix.High thermal conductivity can be achieved through thermal percolation,while electrical non-conductivity is preserved by carefully controlling the electrical percolation threshold through metallic nanowire orientation.The electrical conductivity of the composite can be further regulated by adjusting the orientation and aspect ratio of the metallic fillers.A thermal conductivity of 10 W·m^(-1)·K^(-1)is achieved,with electrical non-conductive behavior preserved.This approach offers a pathway to realizing“thermal-percolation electrical-resistive”in hybrid TIMs,providing a strategic framework for designing high-performance TIMs.展开更多
A solid,fast-dissolving sodium silicate was used as an alkaline activator.Granulated blast furnace slag(GGBS),metakaolin(MK),and steel slag(SS)were used as the cementious components to prepare a ternary composite ceme...A solid,fast-dissolving sodium silicate was used as an alkaline activator.Granulated blast furnace slag(GGBS),metakaolin(MK),and steel slag(SS)were used as the cementious components to prepare a ternary composite cementitious material known as alkali-activated steel slag composite cementitious material(ASCM)by the"one-step method".The impacts of cementitious components,alkali activator modulus,and Na_(2)O%on the mechanical strength were investigated,and the hydration products and hydration kinetics of ASCM were analyzed.The experimental results reveal that XRD,FTIR,SEM,EDS,and exothermic heat of hydration show that when GGBS:MK:SS=60wt%:10wt%:30wt%,the activator modulus is 1.2,and the alkali content is 5.5wt%,the 28 d flexural strength of ASCM mortar is 12.6 MPa,and the compressive strength is 53.3 MPa,the hydration products consist of C-S-H gel/C-A-S-H gel,mullite(3Al_(2)O_(3)-2SiO_(2)),calcite(CaCO_(3)),quartz,etc.ASCM has a large initial hydration exotherm rate but a small cumulative exotherm.展开更多
Thermal runaway(TR)is considered a significant safety hazard for lithium batteries,and thermal protection materials are crucial in mitigating this risk.However,current thermal protection materials generally suffer fro...Thermal runaway(TR)is considered a significant safety hazard for lithium batteries,and thermal protection materials are crucial in mitigating this risk.However,current thermal protection materials generally suffer from poor mechanical properties,flammability,leakage,and rigid crystallization,and they struggle to continuously block excess heat transfer and propagation once thermal saturation occurs.This study proposes a novel type of thermal protection material:an aerogel coupled composite phase change material(CPCM).The composite material consists of gelatin/sodium alginate(Ge/SA)composite biomass aerogel as an insulating component and a thermally induced flexible CPCM made from thermoplastic polyester elastomer as a heat-absorbing component.Inspired by power bank,we coupled the aerogel with CPCM through the binder,so that CPCM can continue to‘charge and store energy’for the aerogel,effectively absorbing heat,delaying the heat saturation phenomenon,and maximizing the duration of thermal insulation.The results demonstrate that the Ge/SA aerogel exhibits excellent thermal insulation(with a temperature difference of approximately 120℃ across a 1 cm thickness)and flame retardancy(achieving a V-0 flame retardant rating).The CPCM exhibits high heat storage density(811.9 J g^(−1)),good thermally induced flexibility(bendable above 40℃),and thermal stability.Furthermore,the Ge/SA-CPCM coupled composite material shows even more outstanding thermal insulation performance,with the top surface temperature remaining at 89℃ after 100 min of exposure to a high temperature of 230℃.This study provides a new direction for the development of TR protection materials for lithium batteries.展开更多
in the ion-type RE deposite in South China, the host rocks of REE minerals are igneous and metamorphic rocks , such as granite, granite-porphyry, granitite, muscovite granite, granodiorite, rhyolite, tuff, lamprophyre...in the ion-type RE deposite in South China, the host rocks of REE minerals are igneous and metamorphic rocks , such as granite, granite-porphyry, granitite, muscovite granite, granodiorite, rhyolite, tuff, lamprophyre, alkaline rocks, granite-gneiss, stuff, gneissic granite.These various types of rocks occurred in the environment of humid subtropical zone with a specific topographic relief. During a long-term geological process, they were weathered and alterated into montmorillonite, gibbstite, vermiculite and the dioctahedral type of clay minerals, such as kaolinite, halloysite-0. 7 nm , halloysite-1. 0 nm and ferrohalloysite. All of these clay minerals are the REE carriers. The REE in the ion-type RE deposits came from there source: 1) the REE -bearing rock-forming minerals in host rock, such as microcline and amphibole:2) the accessory minerals in host rocks, such as allanite, gadolinite-(Y), sphene , parisite-(Y), and fergusonite-(Y). For a long geological time the weathering and leaching processes caused the minerals to be disintegrated and to free REE ions. The REE cations can be adsorbed on various clay minerals associated. The categories of ion -type RE deposite depend on the species of RE minerals and the lithological characters of the host geological body in the ore deposit area.展开更多
β-Sialon based composites were successfully prepared from fly ash and carbon black under nitrogen atmosphere by carbothermal reduction-nitridation process. Effects of heating temperature and raw materials composition...β-Sialon based composites were successfully prepared from fly ash and carbon black under nitrogen atmosphere by carbothermal reduction-nitridation process. Effects of heating temperature and raw materials composition on synthesis process were investigated, and the formation process of the composites was also discussed. The phase composition and microstructure of the composites were characterized by X-ray diffraction and scanning electronic microscopy. The results show that increasing heating temperature or mass ratio of carbon black to fly ash can promote the formation of β-Sialon. The β-Sialon based composites can be synthesized at 1723 K for 6 h while heating the sample with mass ratio of carbon black to fly ash of 0.56. The as-received β-Sialon in the composites exists as granular with an average particle size of 2-3 μm. The preparation process of β-Sialon based composites includes the formation of O′-Sialon, X-Sialon and β-Sialon as well as the conversion processes of O′-Sialon and X-Sialon to β-Sialon.展开更多
Gypsum was used as substrate,and silica gel was mixed into substrate at a certain mass ratio to prepare humidity-controlling composites;moreover,the moisture absorption and desorption properties of gypsum-based compos...Gypsum was used as substrate,and silica gel was mixed into substrate at a certain mass ratio to prepare humidity-controlling composites;moreover,the moisture absorption and desorption properties of gypsum-based composites were compared with adding different silica gel particle size and proportion.The morphological characteristics,the isothermal equilibrium moisture content curve,moisture absorption and desorption rate,moisture absorption and desorption stability,and humidity-conditioning performance were tested and analyzed.The experimental results show that,compared with pure-gypsum,the surface structure of the gypsum-based composites is relatively loose,the quantity,density and aperture of the pores in the structure increase.The absorption and desorption capacity increase along with the increase of silica gel particle size and silica gel proportion.When 3 mm silica gel particle size is added with a mass ratio of 40%,the maximum equilibrium moisture content of humidity-controlling composites is 0.161 g/g at 98% relative humidity(RH),3.22 times that of pure-gypsum.The moisture absorption and desorption rates are increased,the equilibrium moisture absorption and desorption rates are 2.68 times and 1.61 times that of pure-gypsum at 58.5% RH,respectively.The gypsum-based composites have a good stability,which has better timely response to dynamic humidity changes and can effectively regulate indoor humidity under natural conditions.展开更多
This paper studied the effects of different retarders on the performance of the"one-step"alkali-activated composite cementitious material(ACCM)which is composed of ground granulated blast slag(GGBS)and fly a...This paper studied the effects of different retarders on the performance of the"one-step"alkali-activated composite cementitious material(ACCM)which is composed of ground granulated blast slag(GGBS)and fly ash(FA),and analyzed its mechanical properties,hydration mechanism,and retardation mechanism.The effects of retarders on the hydration products,mechanical properties,and hydration kinetics of ACCM were investigated using XRD,SEM,FTIR,EDS,and thermoactive microcalorimetry.The results showed that Na_(2)B_(4)O_(7)·10H_(2)O(B)delayed the exotherm during the alkali activation process and could effectively delay the setting time of ACCM,but the mechanical properties were slightly decreased.The setting time of ACCM increased with the increase in SG content,but the mechanical properties of ACCM decreased with the increase in SG content.C1_(2)H_(22)O_(11)(CHO)could effectively delay the hydration reaction of ACCM and weakly enhanced the compressive strength.H_(3)PO_(4)(HP)at a concentration of 0.05 mol/L had a certain effect on ACCM retardation,but HP at a concentration of 0.07 and 0.09 mol/L had an effect of promoting the setting and hardening time of ACCM.展开更多
In order to find more suitable materials as barriers and to improve the thermoelectric properties, p-type (Bi1-xSbx) 2Te3 (x = 0.85, 0.9) two segments compositionally graded thermoelectric materials (CGTM) with differ...In order to find more suitable materials as barriers and to improve the thermoelectric properties, p-type (Bi1-xSbx) 2Te3 (x = 0.85, 0.9) two segments compositionally graded thermoelectric materials (CGTM) with different barriers were fabricated by conventional hot pressure method. Metals Fe, Co, Cu and Al were used as barriers between two segments. The effects of different barriers on thermoelectric properties of CGTM were investigated. The results show that metal Fe is more stable and suitable as the barrier.展开更多
基金financial support from the Doctoral Foundation of Henan University of Engineering(No.D2022025)National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.U2004162)+1 种基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.52302138)Key Project for Science and Technology Development of Henan Province(No.232102320221)。
文摘With the rapid development of electric vehicles,hybrid electric vehicles and smart grids,people's demand for large-scale energy storage devices is increasingly intense.As a new type of secondary battery,potassium ion battery is promising to replace the lithium-ion battery in the field of large-scale energy storage by virtue of its low price and environmental friendliness.At present,the research on the anode materials of potassium ion batteries mainly focuses on carbon materials and the design of various nanostructured metal-based materials.Problems such as poor rate performance and inferior cycle life caused by electrode structure comminution during charge and discharge have not been solved.Quantum dots/nanodots materials are a new type of nanomaterials that can effectively improve the utilization of electrode materials and reduce production costs.In addition,quantum dots/nanodots materials can enhance the electrode reaction kinetics,reduce the stress generated in cycling,and effectively alleviate the agglomeration and crushing of electrode materials.In this review,we will systematically introduce the synthesis methods,K+storage properties and K+storage mechanisms of carbon quantum dots and carbon-based transition metal compound quantum dots composites.This review will have significant references for potassium ion battery researchers.
基金support by the National Key R&D Program of China(Grant No.2023YFA1008901)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.11988102,12172009)is gratefully acknowledged.
文摘In this manuscript,we propose an analytical equivalent linear viscoelastic constitutive model for fiber-reinforced composites,bypassing general computational homogenization.The method is based on the reduced-order homogenization(ROH)approach.The ROH method typically involves solving multiple finite element problems under periodic conditions to evaluate elastic strain and eigenstrain influence functions in an‘off-line’stage,which offers substantial cost savings compared to direct computational homogenization methods.Due to the unique structure of the fibrous unit cell,“off-line”stage calculation can be eliminated by influence functions obtained analytically.Introducing the standard solid model to the ROH method enables the creation of a comprehensive analytical homogeneous viscoelastic constitutive model.This method treats fibrous composite materials as homogeneous,anisotropic viscoelastic materials,significantly reducing computational time due to its analytical nature.This approach also enables precise determination of a homogenized anisotropic relaxation modulus and accurate capture of various viscoelastic responses under different loading conditions.Three sets of numerical examples,including unit cell tests,three-point beam bending tests,and torsion tests,are given to demonstrate the predictive performance of the homogenized viscoelastic model.Furthermore,the model is validated against experimental measurements,confirming its accuracy and reliability.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(52074031)Key Research and Development Program of Shandong Province(ZR2021MB051,ZR2020ME256)。
文摘The traditional techniques for treating wastewater contaminated by heavy metals mostly involve chemical precipitation,solvent extraction and adsorption,ion-exchange,chemical precipitation,and membrane separation.The main shortcomings of traditional procedures are low economic efficiency,lack of environmental friendliness,and poor selectivity.Cyclodextrins are artificial compounds that resemble cages.Through host-vip interaction,pollutants can be adsorbed by its stable inner hydrophobic chamber and exterior hydrophilic surface.It is not only inexpensive and environmentally friendly,but also quite selective.The synthesis and application of materials were reviewed,as well as the primary influencing factors,and the reaction principle of cyclodextrin adsorbent materials for better separation of heavy metal ions.And the future trend of discovery was described.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(51971157)Shenzhen Science and Technology Program(JCYJ20210324115412035,JCYJ202103-24123202008,JCYJ20210324122803009 and ZDS-YS20210813095534001)Guangdong Foundation for Basic and Applied Basic Research Program(2021A1515110880).
文摘In pursuit of more efficient and stable electrochemical energy storage materials,composite materials consisting of metal oxides and graphene oxide have garnered significant attention due to their unique structures and exceptional properties.Graphene oxide(GO),a two-dimensional material with an extremely high specific surface area and excellent conductivity,offers new possibilities for enhancing the electrochemical performance of metal oxides.In this work,we synthesized met-al-organic framework(MOF)and GO composites by regulating the amount of GO,and successfully prepared composites of metal oxides supported by nitrogen-doped carbon frameworks and GO through a simple one-step calcination process.Based on the electrochemical tests,the optimal amount of GO was determined.This research will provide new insights into and directions for designing and synthesizing metal oxide and graphene oxide composite materials with an ideal electro-chemical performance.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(22302110,22375047,22378068)National Key Research and Development Program of China(2022YFB3804905)+1 种基金the Open Project Foundation of Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials&Devices,Soochow University(No.KJS2210)High-level Talent Initiative Project at Anhui Agricultural University(rc362401)。
文摘Flexible electronic skin(E-skin)sensors offer innovative solutions for detecting human body signals,enabling human-machine interactions and advancing the development of intelligent robotics.Electrospun nanofibers are particularly wellsuited for E-skin applications due to their exceptional mechanical properties,tunable breathability,and lightweight nature.Nanofiber-based composite materials consist of three-dimensional structures that integrate one-dimensional polymer nanofibers with other functional materials,enabling efficient signal conversion and positioning them as an ideal platform for next-generation intelligent electronics.Here,this review begins with an overview of electrospinning technology,including far-field electrospinning,near-field electrospinning,and melt electrospinning.It also discusses the diverse morphologies of electrospun nanofibers,such as core-shell,porous,hollow,bead,Janus,and ribbon structure,as well as strategies for incorporating functional materials to enhance nanofiber performance.Following this,the article provides a detailed introduction to electrospun nanofiber-based composite materials(i.e.,nanofiber/hydrogel,nanofiber/aerogel,nanofiber/metal),emphasizing their recent advancements in monitoring physical,physiological,body fluid,and multi-signal in human signal detection.Meanwhile,the review explores the development of multimodal sensors capable of responding to diverse stimuli,focusing on innovative strategies for decoupling multiple signals and their state-of-the-art advancements.Finally,current challenges are analyzed,while future prospects for electrospun nanofiber-based composite sensors are outlined.This review aims to advance the design and application of next-generation flexible electronics,fostering breakthroughs in multifunctional sensing and health monitoring technologies.
基金financial support from National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.21908085)Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province(No.BK20241950)+3 种基金China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(No.2023M731422)Open Project of State Key Laboratory of Materials Chemical Engineering(No.KL-NICE-23B03)Hubei Key Laboratory of Processing and Application of Catalytic Materials(No.202441204)the Science and Technology Plan School-Enterprise Cooperation IndustryUniversity-Research Forward-looking Project of Zhangjiagang(No.ZKYY2341)。
文摘Untreated water environments encourage the emergence of pathogenic microorganisms,which pose a significant risk to human health and sustainable development.Antimicrobial technologies in advanced photothermal materials offer a promising alternative strategy for solving water disinfection challenges.This technology effectively destroys bacterial biofilms by designing materials with controlled photothermal properties.Despite the potential of this technology,there is a lack of comprehensive reviews on the application of photothermal materials in water disinfection.The aim of this paper is to provide a comprehensive and up-to-date overview of the research and application of photothermal materials in water disinfection.It focuses on composites in photothermal materials,elucidates their basic mechanisms and sterilization properties,and provides a systematic and detailed overview of their recent progress in the field.The goal of this review is to offer insights into the future design of photothermal materials and to propose strategies for their practical application in disinfection processes.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.51902101)Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province(No.BK20201381)。
文摘At present,many parts of the world are seriously short of water resources.Photothermal seawater desalination has been considered to be an efficient and clean way to solve water shortages.Transition metal dichalcogenides(TMDs)has excellent photothermal properties and plays a key role in photothermal seawater desalination.In recent years,a lot of progress has been made regarding TMDs in photothermal seawater desalination,so it is necessary to review the progress of TMDs structure regulation in improving photothermal properties to further enhance the development of this filed.In this review,firstly,various structural regulation methods of TMDs to optimize its properties and improve the performance of photothermal seawater desalination are comprehensively summarized.Secondly,the relationship between unique structure and its photothermal properties of TMDs is further detailedly discussed.Last but not least,we have provided some suggestions in the solar desalination applying TMDs in future.This review would provide a very important reference for the research of structure regulation of TMDs for effective photothermal seawater desalination.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.62205091)the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation Funded Project(No.2022M710983)+1 种基金HeiLongJiang Postdoctoral Foundation(No.LBHZ22201)the Fundamental Research Foundation for Universities of Heilongjiang Province(No.2022-KYYWF-0121).
文摘The immense prospects of two-dimensional(2D)materials in the field of high-performance sensing stem from their unique layered structures and superior properties.Constructing heterostructures and refining sensor architectures are at the forefront of innovative research to enhance sensor performance.This review synthesizes the current literature,discussing the photovoltaic attributes,fabrication methods,analytical techniques and integration strategies pertinent to 2D materials.This comprehensive review of the operating principles of various sensors investigates the recent progress and deployment of these materials within diverse sensing devices,including chemical sensors,biosensors and optical sensors.Conclusively,this review serves as a valuable reference for understanding the applications and progress of 2D materials in high-performance sensors and explores their potential in interdisciplinary research.
基金support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(52376216,52006194,52006191)the Key Research and Development Program of Shaanxi(2023-YBGY-054).
文摘Sodium ion batteries(SIBs)are one of the most prospective energy storage devices recently.Carbon materials have been commonly used as anode materials for SIBs because of their wide sources and low price.However,pure carbon materials still have the disadvantage of low theoretical capacity.New design and preparation strategies for carbon-based composites can overcome the problems.Based on the analysis of Na^(+)storage mechanism of carbon-based composite materials,the factors influencing the performance of SIBs are discussed.Adjustment methods for improving the electrochemical performance of electrodes are evaluated in detail,including carbon skeleton design and composite material selection.Some advanced composite materials,i.e.,carbon-conversion composite and carbon-MXene composite,are also being explored.New advances in flexible electrodes based on carbon-based composite on flexible SIBs is investigated.The existing issues and future issues of carbon-based composite materials are discussed.
基金Projects(52222404,52074212)supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of ChinaProject(2023-LL-QY-07)supported by the Two-chain Integration Key Projects in Shaanxi Province,China。
文摘As the second most important solid waste produced by coal-fired power plants,the improper management of coal-fired slag has the potential to result in environmental pollution.It is therefore imperative that high-value utilization pathways for coal-fired slag should be developed.In this study,modified magnesium slag(MMS),produced by a magnesium smelter,was selected as the alkali activator.The activated silica-aluminum solid wastes,namely coal-fired slag(CFS)and mineral powder(MP),were employed as pozzolanic materials in the preparation of alkali-activated cementitious materials.The alkali-activated cementitious materials prepared with 50 wt%MMS,40 wt%CFS and 10 wt%MP exhibited favorable mechanical properties,with a compressive strength of 32.804 MPa in the paste sample cured for 28 d.Then,the activated silica-aluminum solid waste consisting of CFS-MP generated a significant amount of C-S(A)-H gels,AFt,and other products,which were observed to occupy the pore structure of the specimen.In addition,the secondary hydration reaction of CFS-MP occurs in high alkalinity environments,resulting in the formation of a mutually stimulated and promoted reaction system between CFS-MP and MMS,this will subsequently accelerate the hydrolysis reaction of MMS.It is important to emphasize that the amount of MMS in alkali-activated cementitious materials must be strictly regulated to avert the potential issue of incomplete depolymerization-repolymerization of active silica-aluminum solid waste containing CFS-MP.This in turn could have a deleterious impact on the late strength of the cementitious materials.The aim of this work is to improve the joint disposal of MMS,CFS and MP and thereby provide a scientific basis for the development of environmentally friendly and low-carbon modified magnesium slag alkali-activated coal-fired slag based cementitious materials for mine backfilling.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.52103093,52103205)the Taishan Scholar Project of Shandong Province(No.tsqn202312187)+2 种基金the Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province(ZR2024QE220)the Young Elite Scientists Sponsorship Program by CAST(No.2021QNRC001)the Jiangxi Provincial Natural Science Foundation(20232BAB214031,20242BAB25237).
文摘The urgent demand for renewable energy solutions,propelled by the global energy crisis and environmental concerns,has spurred the creation of innovative materials for solar thermal storage.Photothermal phase change materials(PTPCMs)represent a novel type of composite phase change material(PCM)aimed at improving thermal storage efficiency by incorporating photothermal materials into traditional PCMs and encapsulating them within porous structures.Various porous encapsulation materials have been studied,including porous carbon,expanded graphite,and ceramics,but issues like brittleness hinder their practical use.To overcome these limitations,flexible PTPCMs using organic porous polymers—like foams,hydrogels,and porous wood—have emerged,offering high porosity and lightweight characteristics.This review examines recent advancements in the preparation of PTPCMs based on porous polymer supports through techniques like impregnation and in situ polymerization,assessing the impact of different porous polymer materials on PCM performance and clarifying the mechanisms of photothermal conversion and heat storage.Subsequently,the most recent advancements in the applications of porous polymer-based PTPCMs are systematically summarized,and future research challenges and possible solutions are discussed.This review aims to foster awareness about the potential of PTPCMs in promoting environmentally friendly energy practices and catalyzing further research in this promising field.
基金Funded by the Science and Technology Program of Gansu Province(Nos.25CXGA070,24JRRA213)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.52468036,52178216,U21A20150)。
文摘In order to realize the full resource utilization of ferronickel slag(FNS)in cement-based materials,this paper studied the influences of mechanical grinding activation on the physical and chemical properties and reactivity of ferrous extraction tailing of nickel slag(FETNS).Four grinding processes of 5,10,20 and 30 min were set up to evaluate the influence of grinding process on the physical and chemical properties of FETNS with the aid of BET,XRD,Rietveld analysis and particle size distribution.The cement-FETNS composite cementitious material was prepared by replacing cement with 0%,10%,15%,20%,25%and 30%FETNS.The influence of FETNS fineness and content on the properties of composite cementitious system were characterized by mechanical properties,reaction products,early hydration process and pore structure characteristics.The results show that the grinding process can effectively improve the pozzolanic activity of FETNS.The compressive strength of FETNS-M_(30)paste is higher than that of FETNS-M_(5) paste in the early and late stages,and the later strength is higher than that of the baseline group when the content of FETNS-M_(30)is 10%-25%.The pozzolanic activity of FETNS-M_(30)powder is significantly improved and higher than that of FETNS-M_(5) powder.Under the same content,the Ca/Si ratio of C-S-H gel in FETNS-M_(30)paste is small,and the degree of silicate polymerization is higher.When the FETNS-M_(30)content is 10%,the proportions of favorable pores d<50 nm(harmless pores and less-harmful pores)of FETNS-M_(5) paste and FETNS-M_(30)paste is 95.3%and 95.4%,respectively,indicating a denser pore structure of the FETNS-M_(30)paste.
基金supported by the National Key R&D Program(Grant No.2022YFA1203-100)sponsorship by Shanghai Sailing Program(Grant No.24YF2713800)+2 种基金financial support from the Local College Capacity Building Project of Shanghai Municipal Science and Technology Commission(Grant No.20010500700)the Natural Science Foundation of Shanghai(Grant No.23ZR1424300)Shanghai Shuguang Program(Grant No.22SG56)。
文摘In integrated circuit packaging,thermal interface materials(TIMs)must exhibit high thermal conductivity and electrical resistivity to prevent short circuits,enhance reliability,and ensure safety in high-voltage applications.We proposed the thermal-percolation electrical-resistive TIM incorporating binary fillers of both insulating and metallic nanowires with an orientation in the insulating polymer matrix.High thermal conductivity can be achieved through thermal percolation,while electrical non-conductivity is preserved by carefully controlling the electrical percolation threshold through metallic nanowire orientation.The electrical conductivity of the composite can be further regulated by adjusting the orientation and aspect ratio of the metallic fillers.A thermal conductivity of 10 W·m^(-1)·K^(-1)is achieved,with electrical non-conductive behavior preserved.This approach offers a pathway to realizing“thermal-percolation electrical-resistive”in hybrid TIMs,providing a strategic framework for designing high-performance TIMs.
基金Funded by the Scientific Research Program of Jilin Provincial Science and Technology Development(No.20250203184SF)。
文摘A solid,fast-dissolving sodium silicate was used as an alkaline activator.Granulated blast furnace slag(GGBS),metakaolin(MK),and steel slag(SS)were used as the cementious components to prepare a ternary composite cementitious material known as alkali-activated steel slag composite cementitious material(ASCM)by the"one-step method".The impacts of cementitious components,alkali activator modulus,and Na_(2)O%on the mechanical strength were investigated,and the hydration products and hydration kinetics of ASCM were analyzed.The experimental results reveal that XRD,FTIR,SEM,EDS,and exothermic heat of hydration show that when GGBS:MK:SS=60wt%:10wt%:30wt%,the activator modulus is 1.2,and the alkali content is 5.5wt%,the 28 d flexural strength of ASCM mortar is 12.6 MPa,and the compressive strength is 53.3 MPa,the hydration products consist of C-S-H gel/C-A-S-H gel,mullite(3Al_(2)O_(3)-2SiO_(2)),calcite(CaCO_(3)),quartz,etc.ASCM has a large initial hydration exotherm rate but a small cumulative exotherm.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2022YFB3806501)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(22178050,22108026)+3 种基金the Young Elite Scientists Sponsorship Program by CAST(2021QNRC001)the Natural Science Foundation of Liaoning Province(2022-BS-091)the Dalian Science and Technology Innovation Fund Young Tech Star(2022RQ008)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(DUT22LAB610).
文摘Thermal runaway(TR)is considered a significant safety hazard for lithium batteries,and thermal protection materials are crucial in mitigating this risk.However,current thermal protection materials generally suffer from poor mechanical properties,flammability,leakage,and rigid crystallization,and they struggle to continuously block excess heat transfer and propagation once thermal saturation occurs.This study proposes a novel type of thermal protection material:an aerogel coupled composite phase change material(CPCM).The composite material consists of gelatin/sodium alginate(Ge/SA)composite biomass aerogel as an insulating component and a thermally induced flexible CPCM made from thermoplastic polyester elastomer as a heat-absorbing component.Inspired by power bank,we coupled the aerogel with CPCM through the binder,so that CPCM can continue to‘charge and store energy’for the aerogel,effectively absorbing heat,delaying the heat saturation phenomenon,and maximizing the duration of thermal insulation.The results demonstrate that the Ge/SA aerogel exhibits excellent thermal insulation(with a temperature difference of approximately 120℃ across a 1 cm thickness)and flame retardancy(achieving a V-0 flame retardant rating).The CPCM exhibits high heat storage density(811.9 J g^(−1)),good thermally induced flexibility(bendable above 40℃),and thermal stability.Furthermore,the Ge/SA-CPCM coupled composite material shows even more outstanding thermal insulation performance,with the top surface temperature remaining at 89℃ after 100 min of exposure to a high temperature of 230℃.This study provides a new direction for the development of TR protection materials for lithium batteries.
文摘in the ion-type RE deposite in South China, the host rocks of REE minerals are igneous and metamorphic rocks , such as granite, granite-porphyry, granitite, muscovite granite, granodiorite, rhyolite, tuff, lamprophyre, alkaline rocks, granite-gneiss, stuff, gneissic granite.These various types of rocks occurred in the environment of humid subtropical zone with a specific topographic relief. During a long-term geological process, they were weathered and alterated into montmorillonite, gibbstite, vermiculite and the dioctahedral type of clay minerals, such as kaolinite, halloysite-0. 7 nm , halloysite-1. 0 nm and ferrohalloysite. All of these clay minerals are the REE carriers. The REE in the ion-type RE deposits came from there source: 1) the REE -bearing rock-forming minerals in host rock, such as microcline and amphibole:2) the accessory minerals in host rocks, such as allanite, gadolinite-(Y), sphene , parisite-(Y), and fergusonite-(Y). For a long geological time the weathering and leaching processes caused the minerals to be disintegrated and to free REE ions. The REE cations can be adsorbed on various clay minerals associated. The categories of ion -type RE deposite depend on the species of RE minerals and the lithological characters of the host geological body in the ore deposit area.
基金Project (51074038) supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of ChinaProject (N100302002) supported by the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities, China
文摘β-Sialon based composites were successfully prepared from fly ash and carbon black under nitrogen atmosphere by carbothermal reduction-nitridation process. Effects of heating temperature and raw materials composition on synthesis process were investigated, and the formation process of the composites was also discussed. The phase composition and microstructure of the composites were characterized by X-ray diffraction and scanning electronic microscopy. The results show that increasing heating temperature or mass ratio of carbon black to fly ash can promote the formation of β-Sialon. The β-Sialon based composites can be synthesized at 1723 K for 6 h while heating the sample with mass ratio of carbon black to fly ash of 0.56. The as-received β-Sialon in the composites exists as granular with an average particle size of 2-3 μm. The preparation process of β-Sialon based composites includes the formation of O′-Sialon, X-Sialon and β-Sialon as well as the conversion processes of O′-Sialon and X-Sialon to β-Sialon.
基金Funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.51678254)。
文摘Gypsum was used as substrate,and silica gel was mixed into substrate at a certain mass ratio to prepare humidity-controlling composites;moreover,the moisture absorption and desorption properties of gypsum-based composites were compared with adding different silica gel particle size and proportion.The morphological characteristics,the isothermal equilibrium moisture content curve,moisture absorption and desorption rate,moisture absorption and desorption stability,and humidity-conditioning performance were tested and analyzed.The experimental results show that,compared with pure-gypsum,the surface structure of the gypsum-based composites is relatively loose,the quantity,density and aperture of the pores in the structure increase.The absorption and desorption capacity increase along with the increase of silica gel particle size and silica gel proportion.When 3 mm silica gel particle size is added with a mass ratio of 40%,the maximum equilibrium moisture content of humidity-controlling composites is 0.161 g/g at 98% relative humidity(RH),3.22 times that of pure-gypsum.The moisture absorption and desorption rates are increased,the equilibrium moisture absorption and desorption rates are 2.68 times and 1.61 times that of pure-gypsum at 58.5% RH,respectively.The gypsum-based composites have a good stability,which has better timely response to dynamic humidity changes and can effectively regulate indoor humidity under natural conditions.
基金Funded by Key Laboratory for Comprehensive Energy Saving of Cold Regions Architecture of Ministry of Education(No.JLJZHDKF202204)。
文摘This paper studied the effects of different retarders on the performance of the"one-step"alkali-activated composite cementitious material(ACCM)which is composed of ground granulated blast slag(GGBS)and fly ash(FA),and analyzed its mechanical properties,hydration mechanism,and retardation mechanism.The effects of retarders on the hydration products,mechanical properties,and hydration kinetics of ACCM were investigated using XRD,SEM,FTIR,EDS,and thermoactive microcalorimetry.The results showed that Na_(2)B_(4)O_(7)·10H_(2)O(B)delayed the exotherm during the alkali activation process and could effectively delay the setting time of ACCM,but the mechanical properties were slightly decreased.The setting time of ACCM increased with the increase in SG content,but the mechanical properties of ACCM decreased with the increase in SG content.C1_(2)H_(22)O_(11)(CHO)could effectively delay the hydration reaction of ACCM and weakly enhanced the compressive strength.H_(3)PO_(4)(HP)at a concentration of 0.05 mol/L had a certain effect on ACCM retardation,but HP at a concentration of 0.07 and 0.09 mol/L had an effect of promoting the setting and hardening time of ACCM.
基金[This work is financially supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 59772012 and 50042014).]
文摘In order to find more suitable materials as barriers and to improve the thermoelectric properties, p-type (Bi1-xSbx) 2Te3 (x = 0.85, 0.9) two segments compositionally graded thermoelectric materials (CGTM) with different barriers were fabricated by conventional hot pressure method. Metals Fe, Co, Cu and Al were used as barriers between two segments. The effects of different barriers on thermoelectric properties of CGTM were investigated. The results show that metal Fe is more stable and suitable as the barrier.
